CN114543233A - Building chimney ventilation strengthening system and method driven by photovoltaic/photothermal coupling - Google Patents
Building chimney ventilation strengthening system and method driven by photovoltaic/photothermal coupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN114543233A CN114543233A CN202210158968.1A CN202210158968A CN114543233A CN 114543233 A CN114543233 A CN 114543233A CN 202210158968 A CN202210158968 A CN 202210158968A CN 114543233 A CN114543233 A CN 114543233A
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 180
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005399 mechanical ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002937 thermal insulation foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002837 heart atrium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
- F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
- F24F7/065—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit fan combined with single duct; mounting arrangements of a fan in a duct
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
- F24F13/0227—Ducting arrangements using parts of the building, e.g. air ducts inside the floor, walls or ceiling of a building
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
- F24S60/30—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
- F24S80/30—Arrangements for connecting the fluid circuits of solar collectors with each other or with other components, e.g. pipe connections; Fluid distributing means, e.g. headers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
- H02S10/30—Thermophotovoltaic systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/42—Cooling means
- H02S40/425—Cooling means using a gaseous or a liquid coolant, e.g. air flow ventilation, water circulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic/photothermal coupling driving building chimney ventilation strengthening system and method, which comprises a solar photovoltaic/photothermal integrated assembly, a heat exchange system and a ventilation and air exchange unit, wherein the solar photovoltaic/photothermal integrated assembly is arranged on a roof and used for collecting solar energy and converting the solar energy into electric energy and heat energy as energy for strengthening natural ventilation; the heat exchange system comprises a primary heat exchange unit and a secondary heat exchange unit, the primary heat exchange unit is used for exchanging heat with the solar photovoltaic/photothermal integrated assembly, and the secondary heat exchange unit is used for exchanging heat with air in the ventilation chimney; the ventilation and air exchange unit is used for introducing outdoor air into a room for air exchange. The system realizes active and passive ventilation driven by all solar clean energy, achieves the effect of improving the ventilation of buildings, and meets the aims of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building energy conservation, and relates to a photovoltaic/photothermal coupling drive building chimney ventilation strengthening system and method.
Background
The building is used as a basic place for people to live, study and work, and simultaneously, a large amount of energy consumption and environmental pollution can be generated. The energy consumption of the heating, ventilating, air conditioning and ventilating system accounts for about half of the energy consumption of a building. Building ventilation is the indispensable means of adjusting building physical environment, can reduce indoor temperature, takes away waste heat surplus wet, satisfies the comfortable demand of human heat, improves indoor air quality. At present, the ventilation technology of buildings is mature day by day, building groups and building orientations are reasonably arranged, proper building opening size and opening position are used, atrium and vertical ventilation ducts are arranged, and some novel ventilation technologies can reinforce building ventilation and improve indoor thermal environment if double-layer glass curtain wall ventilation systems, electric windowing intelligent control systems and the like are used.
At present, the ventilation of buildings generally adopts a mechanical ventilation mode, a natural ventilation mode or a mixed ventilation mode, and the following problems exist: (1) the climate in the area is not investigated and analyzed in the building ventilation design, the climate difference in the north and south areas is large, the design is developed according to a unified standard, the design ventilation quantity is not consistent with the design requirement, the ventilation effect is influenced, the building energy consumption is increased, and natural resources are wasted; (2) under the green building concept, the traditional ventilation design takes an air conditioner as a main regulation and control means, the problems of indoor ventilation and temperature can be solved in a short time, but the building cost and the environmental pressure are increased, and the energy consumption is high; (3) the natural ventilation can effectively save energy consumption of air conditioning and mechanical ventilation, but the effect of the natural ventilation is closely related to the climate, building types, functions, design, control strategies and the like, the external environment is unstable, the indoor air circulation rate is difficult to ensure, and the ventilation quality is also influenced.
Through the search and discovery of the prior art documents, the application of the building chimney in the aspect of strengthening the indoor ventilation based on the chimney effect principle of natural ventilation is utilized, and the patents which are applied at present are as follows: (1) a patent of a passive outer wall ventilation device based on a chimney effect (patent application number: CN201922454078.1) discloses a method for utilizing the passive outer wall ventilation based on the chimney effect; (2) a patent of a solar chimney ventilation system for a high and large space sports building (patent application number: CN201810650295.5) discloses a ventilation method for arranging a solar chimney on a side wall of a building aiming at the high and large space sports building; (3) the patent 'a passive solar house with a vertical ventilation chimney in a living room' (patent application number: CN201910274217.4) discloses a method for heat preservation, heat insulation and ventilation of the passive solar house with the vertical ventilation chimney in the living room of rural residences in northern severe cold areas.
Secondly, through literature retrieval, the application patents which are applied at present mainly comprise (1) a kang heating system using solar photovoltaic/photothermal (patent application number: CN202021117662.4) which discloses a system for collecting solar photovoltaic/photothermal and utilizing kang heating, aiming at the aspect of developing and utilizing a solar photovoltaic/photothermal integrated module in the building field; (2) the patent "a solar photovoltaic photo-thermal integrated heating system" (patent application number: CN201911401524.0) discloses a system for supplying heat to a photovoltaic cell in different seasons by adopting a cooling mode of water heat exchange or wind heat exchange; (3) the patent of integrated solar photovoltaic photo-thermal air conditioning house (patent application number: CN202120228464.3) discloses a solar photovoltaic photo-thermal integrated air conditioning house, which can provide hot air, cold air and cold and hot water for a room as required, and the common points of the above patents utilize a heat exchanger to collect heat on the back of a solar photovoltaic panel to heat or provide electric energy for buildings so as to reduce the energy consumption of the buildings.
Therefore, through the search of the prior art documents, no relevant patent report of the solar photovoltaic/photothermal coupling driving building chimney ventilation strengthening system is found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a photovoltaic/photothermal coupling driving building chimney ventilation strengthening system and method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a photovoltaic/photothermal coupling drive building chimney ventilation strengthening system comprises:
the solar photovoltaic/photothermal integrated component is arranged on the roof and used for collecting solar energy, converting the solar energy into electric energy and outputting the electric energy;
the heat exchange system comprises a primary heat exchange unit and a secondary heat exchange unit, the primary heat exchange unit is used for exchanging heat with the solar photovoltaic/photothermal integrated assembly, and the secondary heat exchange unit is used for exchanging heat with air in the ventilation chimney;
a ventilation and air-change unit for introducing outdoor air into a room to change air.
The system of the invention is further improved in that:
the solar photovoltaic/photothermal integrated component comprises a solar photovoltaic panel, and the solar photovoltaic panel is arranged on the roof through a solar panel bracket; the solar photovoltaic panel is connected with the photovoltaic inverter, and the photovoltaic inverter is also connected with a variable frequency fan arranged in the ventilation chimney; the photovoltaic inverter is arranged on the mounting plate of the solar panel bracket; the solar panel support is an aluminum alloy support and is obliquely arranged, so that the solar photovoltaic panel can be arranged facing the sun.
The primary heat exchange unit comprises a capillary heat exchanger, the capillary heat exchanger is adhered to the back surface of the solar photovoltaic panel, and the capillary heat exchanger covers the heat-preservation foam plate; the water inlet and the water outlet of the capillary heat exchanger are respectively connected with the primary water inlet and the primary water outlet of the heat storage water tank.
The capillary heat exchanger is adhered to the back face of the solar photovoltaic panel through the foaming glue.
The capillary heat exchanger is connected to a primary water inlet of the heat storage water tank through a primary water return pipe, and the capillary heat exchanger is connected to a primary water outlet of the heat storage water tank through a primary water supply pipe; a primary water supply pipeline valve and a solar circulating pump are arranged on the primary water supply pipe; a primary water return pipeline valve is arranged on the primary water return pipe.
The secondary heat exchange unit comprises a capillary pipe network heat dissipation tail end, the capillary pipe network heat dissipation tail end is laid on the inner wall of the building chimney, and a water inlet and a water outlet of the capillary pipe network heat dissipation tail end are respectively connected with a secondary water inlet and a secondary water outlet of the heat storage water tank.
The capillary heat exchanger is connected to a secondary water inlet of the heat storage water tank through a secondary water return pipe, and the capillary heat exchanger is connected to a secondary water outlet of the heat storage water tank through a secondary water supply pipe; a secondary water supply pipeline valve is arranged on the secondary water supply pipe; and a secondary water return pipeline valve and a chimney radiation tail end circulating pump are arranged on the secondary water return pipe.
The ventilation and air exchange unit comprises an external building window arranged on the wall on the opposite side of the ventilation chimney, an air inlet of the ventilation chimney is arranged on the wall close to one side of the ventilation chimney, and an air outlet is formed in the top of the ventilation chimney; the variable frequency fan is arranged in the ventilation chimney and is positioned below the air outlet.
The air inlet and the air outlet are both electric shutters, and the air inlet is arranged at the lower part of the room and 30cm away from the lower edge of the ground.
A building chimney ventilation strengthening method driven by photovoltaic/photothermal coupling comprises the following steps:
a heat storage mode:
the solar photovoltaic panel converts and stores electric energy in the photovoltaic inverter, meanwhile, heat is transferred to water in the capillary heat exchanger on the back, cooling of the solar photovoltaic panel is accelerated, power generation efficiency is improved, heated water is sent to the heat storage water tank through the hot water outlet pipe, solar heat is stored, the solar circulating pump sends cold water back to the capillary heat exchanger through the primary supply pipe, and the heat of the heat storage water tank is prevented from being dissipated by the heat insulation foam plate, so that circulation is realized;
passive ventilation mode of operation:
when hot water in the heat storage water tank reaches a preset temperature, closing a primary water supply pipeline valve and a primary water return pipeline valve, opening a secondary water supply pipeline valve and a secondary water return pipeline valve, enabling the hot water to flow to the heat dissipation tail end of a capillary pipe network on the inner wall of a chimney through a secondary water supply pipe, heating air in the chimney, and sending cooled water back to the heat storage water tank through a circulating pump at the radiation tail end of a return chimney in a secondary return pipe, so that outdoor air enters the indoor from an external window of a building, is fully mixed with indoor air, enters the chimney from an air inlet of a ventilation chimney and is discharged from an air outlet of the ventilation chimney;
when the solar heat cannot meet the indoor ventilation requirement, the variable frequency fan arranged at the air outlet of the building chimney is opened, the electric energy of the variable frequency fan is provided by the photovoltaic inverse controller, at the moment, the air is discharged from the air outlet of the ventilation chimney, and the outdoor air is supplemented through the building external window, so that the requirement of human thermal comfort in a room is met.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention utilizes the chimney effect principle of natural ventilation, starts the heat storage mode of the system in summer in high-temperature sunny days, collects the heat on the back of the solar photovoltaic panel and stores the heat in the heat storage water tank; when the temperature is lower in cloudy days or outdoors, the exhaust air in the chimney is heated, the density difference between the exhaust air and the outdoor air is increased, the ventilation quantity is improved, when the ventilation requirement is higher, the variable frequency fan at the exhaust port of the chimney is started, the air draft effect of the ventilation chimney is improved, and the indoor thermal environment is improved. The whole system realizes active and passive ventilation driven by all solar clean energy, achieves the effect of improving the ventilation of buildings, and meets the aims of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-solar photovoltaic panel; 2-a capillary heat exchanger; 3-heat preservation foam board; 4-photovoltaic inverter controller; 5-a heat storage water tank; 6-primary water supply pipeline valve; 7-primary water return pipeline valve; 8-secondary water supply pipeline valve; 9-secondary water return pipeline valve; 10-solar circulating pump; 11-chimney radiation end circulation pump; 12-a capillary network heat dissipation tail end; 13-a variable frequency fan; 14-primary water supply pipe; 15-primary water return pipe; 16-a secondary water supply pipe; 17-a secondary water return pipe; 18-a solar panel support; 19-building exterior windows; 20-an air inlet; 21-air outlet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually arranged when the product of the present invention is used, the description is merely for convenience and simplicity, and the indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the term "horizontal", if present, does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a photovoltaic/photothermal coupling driven building chimney ventilation strengthening system, which comprises a solar photovoltaic panel 1, a capillary heat exchanger 2, a heat preservation foam board 3, a photovoltaic reverse controller 4, a heat storage water tank 5, a primary water supply pipeline valve 6, a primary water return pipeline valve 7, a secondary water supply pipeline valve 8, a secondary water return pipeline valve 9, a solar circulating pump 10, a chimney radiation tail end circulating pump 11, a capillary network heat dissipation tail end 12, a variable frequency fan 13, a primary water supply pipe 14, a primary water return pipe 15, a secondary water supply pipe 16, a secondary water return pipe 17, a solar panel support 18, a building external window 19, an air inlet 20 and an air outlet 21. The back surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 1 is adhered with a capillary heat exchanger 2 by foaming glue to cover a heat-insulating foam plate 3, so as to jointly form a solar photovoltaic/photothermal integrated component, an aluminum alloy solar panel support 18 is erected on a roof at a certain angle, and a binding post of the solar photovoltaic panel 1 is connected with a photovoltaic inverter 4 to convert solar energy into electric energy; the capillary tube heat exchanger 2 consists of capillary tube grids with the spacing of 10mm, flowing medium water is connected with the heat storage water tank 5 through a primary water supply pipe 14 and a primary water return pipe 15, and the opening and closing of the capillary tube grids are controlled by a primary water supply pipeline valve 6 and a primary water return pipeline valve 7 and are used for forcibly exchanging heat for the solar photovoltaic panel 1, collecting heat energy and improving the power generation efficiency of the solar photovoltaic panel 1; the heat preservation foam plate 3 covers the capillary tube heat exchanger 2 to prevent the collected heat from dissipating; the photovoltaic inverter 4 is arranged on the solar panel support 18, is connected with the solar photovoltaic panel 1 and the variable frequency fan 13, and stores and converts collected light and electricity into alternating current to be supplied to the variable frequency fan 13; the heat storage water tank 5 is placed on the roof, is arranged below the solar photovoltaic/photothermal integrated component, is connected with the capillary tube heat exchanger 2 and the heat dissipation tail end 12 of the capillary tube network, and stores hot water flowing out of the capillary tube heat exchanger 2; the primary water supply pipeline valve 6 is arranged on the primary water supply pipeline 14 and is used for controlling the opening and closing of the pipeline and regulating the flow; the primary water return pipeline valve 7 is arranged on the primary water return pipe 15 and used for controlling the opening and closing of the pipeline and adjusting the flow; a secondary water supply pipeline valve 8 is arranged on a secondary water supply pipe 16, and a secondary water return pipeline valve 9 is arranged on a secondary water return pipe 17 and used for controlling the on-off of the passive ventilation system and adjusting the flow; the solar circulating pump 10 is arranged on a primary water supply pipe 14 of the capillary tube heat exchanger 2 and provides power for the circulation of cold and hot water between the capillary tube heat exchanger 2 and the heat storage water tank 5; a chimney radiation tail end circulating pump 11 is arranged on a secondary water return pipe 17 and connected with the heat storage water tank 5 and the capillary network heat dissipation tail end 12, so that the stable operation of a heat dissipation tail end system is realized; the capillary network heat dissipation tail end 12 is laid on the inner wall of the building chimney to avoid a room, is connected with the heat storage water tank 5 and is used for heating the exhaust air in the chimney; the variable frequency fan 13 is arranged at the exhaust outlet 21 of the chimney, and enhances indoor ventilation under the condition that passive ventilation cannot be met; the primary water supply pipe 14 is connected with the heat storage water tank 5 and the capillary heat exchanger 2 and is used for conveying cold water to the capillary heat exchanger 2; the primary water return pipe 15 is connected with the heat storage water tank 5 and the capillary heat exchanger 2 and used for conveying heated water; the secondary water supply pipe 16 is connected with the heat storage water tank 5 and the capillary network heat dissipation tail end 12, and sends warm water reaching a preset temperature to the heat dissipation tail end; the secondary water return pipe 17 is connected with the heat storage water tank 5 and the heat dissipation tail end 12 of the capillary network, and water after heat exchange with exhaust air of a chimney is sent back to the heat storage water tank 5; the solar panel bracket 18 is placed on a roof and used for erecting a solar photovoltaic/photothermal integrated component and adjusting the solar photovoltaic/photothermal integrated component to an optimal angle capable of fully receiving solar radiation; the building external window 19 is arranged on the wall on the opposite side of the chimney, and introduces outdoor fresh air; the air inlet 20 of the ventilation chimney is arranged at the lower part of the room, is 30cm away from the lower edge of the ground, is an electric shutter and is used for ventilation between the room and the chimney; the ventilation chimney air outlet 21 is arranged opposite to the upper wall of the chimney and is an electric shutter which can exhaust the air in the chimney and maintain the indoor and outdoor air circulation.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a building chimney ventilation strengthening method driven by photovoltaic/photothermal coupling, which comprises the following steps:
in a high-temperature sunny day in summer, the outdoor temperature is high, the system opens a heat storage mode, a secondary water supply pipeline valve 8 and a secondary water return pipeline valve 9 are closed, a primary water supply pipeline valve 6 and a primary water return pipeline valve 7 are opened, the system only opens the heat storage mode, a solar photovoltaic panel 1 in the solar photovoltaic/photothermal integrated assembly converts electric energy to be stored in a photovoltaic inverter 4, meanwhile, heat is transferred to water in a capillary heat exchanger 2 on the back side, the cooling of the solar photovoltaic panel 1 is accelerated, the power generation efficiency is improved, heated water is conveyed to a heat storage water tank 5 through a hot water outlet pipe, solar heat is stored, a solar circulating pump 10 sends cold water back to the capillary heat exchanger 2 through a primary supply pipe 14, and the heat insulation foam plate 3 prevents unnecessary heat of the heat exchanger 2 from being lost, so as to circulate.
When the temperature in the cloudy day or the outdoor is relatively low, the passive ventilation operation mode of the system is started, when the hot water in the hot water storage tank 5 reaches the preset temperature, the primary water supply pipeline valve 6 and the primary water return pipeline valve 7 are closed, the secondary water supply pipeline valve 8 and the secondary water return pipeline valve 9 are opened, the hot water flows to the heat dissipation tail end 12 of the capillary network on the inner wall of the chimney through the secondary water supply pipeline 16 to heat the air in the chimney, the cooled water is sent back to the hot water storage tank 5 through the secondary water return pipeline 17 by the return chimney radiation tail end circulating pump 11, the heated air in the chimney and the outdoor air form a large density difference, the outdoor air is accelerated to enter the room from the building external window 19, and after being fully mixed with the indoor air, the air enters the chimney from the air inlet 20 of the ventilation chimney, and is discharged from the air outlet 21 of the ventilation chimney.
When the indoor ventilation requirement is high and the solar heat cannot be met, the variable frequency fan 13 installed at the air outlet of the building chimney is opened, the electric energy of the variable frequency fan is provided by the photovoltaic inverter 4, at the moment, air is quickly exhausted from the air outlet 21 of the ventilation chimney, and outdoor air is continuously supplemented through the building external window 19 to meet the requirement of human thermal comfort in a room.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention aims at the requirement of improving the indoor thermal environment by utilizing the building chimney to reinforce ventilation, and provides a method for storing heat taken away by fluid in a capillary network in a heat storage water tank 5 on a building roof by placing a solar photovoltaic panel 1 on the building roof and laying the capillary network on the back of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the outdoor temperature is higher in a high-temperature sunny day in summer, and the temperature of a solar cell is reduced. The capillary network is used as the heat dissipation end of the inner wall of the building chimney, when the temperature is relatively low in cloudy days or outdoors, hot water in the heat storage water tank 5 reaches a preset temperature, the hot water is supplied to the capillary network laid on the inner wall of the chimney through the circulating pump so as to heat exhaust air in the chimney, the density difference between indoor air and outdoor air is increased, and therefore the chimney effect is enhanced. When the indoor ventilation requirement is high and the solar heat cannot be met, the variable frequency fan 13 arranged at the air outlet 21 of the ventilation chimney is driven by the electric power generated by the solar photovoltaic, so that the active operation of the ventilation chimney is realized, the operation condition of the ventilation chimney is further expanded, the aim of effectively utilizing the solar clean energy to meet the building ventilation requirement is fulfilled to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the method has good operation economy and has a large-scale popularization prospect.
The invention aims to strengthen ventilation of a building chimney to take away indoor residual heat and humidity and maintain indoor thermal environment comfort, a solar photovoltaic/photothermal integrated assembly is utilized by the system to collect solar photothermal and photoelectric energy in summer on a high-temperature sunny day, a capillary network is adhered to the back surface of a solar photovoltaic plate 1 and covers a heat-preservation foam plate 3, and photothermal collected by a heat exchanger consisting of the capillary network is carried into a heat storage water tank 5 by a medium water. Based on the chimney effect principle of natural ventilation, when the temperature is relatively low in cloudy days or outdoors, hot water reaching the preset temperature in the water tank is supplied to a capillary network system at the heat dissipation tail end paved on the inner wall of a chimney, so that the exhaust temperature in the building chimney is increased, and the indoor ventilation quantity is increased. The electric energy collected by the solar photovoltaic panel 1 is stored and converted into alternating current by the photovoltaic inverter 4, and when the indoor ventilation requirement is high and the solar heat cannot be met, the generated electric energy is used for driving the variable frequency fan 13 arranged at the air outlet of the chimney, so that the ventilation system of the building chimney can actively run. Different working conditions operate alternately, and the indoor thermal environment is adjusted, so that the requirement of thermal comfort of human bodies in the room is met, and the aim of utilizing solar clean energy to the maximum extent to meet the requirement of ventilation of buildings is fulfilled.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A building chimney ventilation strengthening system driven by photovoltaic/photothermal coupling is characterized by comprising:
the solar photovoltaic/photothermal integrated component is arranged on the roof and used for collecting solar energy, converting the solar energy into electric energy and outputting the electric energy;
the heat exchange system comprises a primary heat exchange unit and a secondary heat exchange unit, the primary heat exchange unit is used for exchanging heat with the solar photovoltaic/photothermal integrated assembly, and the secondary heat exchange unit is used for exchanging heat with air in the ventilation chimney;
a ventilation and air-change unit for introducing outdoor air into a room to change air.
2. The PV/photothermal coupling driven building chimney ventilation enhancement system according to claim 1, wherein the solar PV/photothermal integrated component comprises a solar photovoltaic panel (1), and the solar photovoltaic panel (1) is installed on a roof through a solar panel support (18); the solar photovoltaic panel (1) is connected with the photovoltaic inverter (4), and the photovoltaic inverter (4) is also connected with a variable frequency fan (13) arranged in the ventilation chimney; the photovoltaic inverter (4) is arranged on the mounting plate of the solar panel bracket (18); the solar panel support (18) is an aluminum alloy support and is obliquely arranged, so that the solar photovoltaic panel (1) can be arranged facing the sun.
3. The building chimney ventilation strengthening system driven by photovoltaic/photothermal coupling according to claim 2, wherein the primary heat exchange unit comprises a capillary heat exchanger (2), the capillary heat exchanger (2) is adhered to the back surface of the solar photovoltaic panel (1) and covered with a heat-insulating foam plate (3); the water inlet and the water outlet of the capillary heat exchanger (2) are respectively connected with the primary water inlet and the primary water outlet of the heat storage water tank (5).
4. The photovoltaic/photothermal coupling driven building chimney ventilation enhancement system according to claim 3, characterized in that the capillary heat exchanger (2) is attached to the back of the solar photovoltaic panel (1) by foam adhesive.
5. The photovoltaic/photothermal coupling driven building chimney ventilation enhancement system according to claim 4, characterized in that, the capillary heat exchanger (2) is connected to the primary water inlet of the heat storage water tank (5) through a primary water return pipe (15), and the capillary heat exchanger (2) is connected to the primary water outlet of the heat storage water tank (5) through a primary water supply pipe (14); a primary water supply pipeline valve (6) and a solar circulating pump (10) are arranged on the primary water supply pipeline (14); a primary water return pipeline valve (7) is arranged on the primary water return pipe (15).
6. The photovoltaic/photothermal coupling driven building chimney ventilation enhancement system according to claim 1, wherein the secondary heat exchange unit comprises a capillary network heat dissipation end (12), the capillary network heat dissipation end (12) is laid on the inner wall of the building chimney, and a water inlet and a water outlet of the capillary network heat dissipation end (12) are respectively connected with a secondary water inlet and a secondary water outlet of the heat storage water tank (5).
7. The photovoltaic/photothermal coupling driven building chimney ventilation enhancement system according to claim 6, characterized in that, the capillary heat exchanger (2) is connected to a secondary water inlet of the heat storage water tank (5) through a secondary water return pipe (17), and the capillary heat exchanger (2) is connected to a secondary water outlet of the heat storage water tank (5) through a secondary water supply pipe (16); a secondary water supply pipeline valve (8) is arranged on the secondary water supply pipeline (16); a secondary water return pipeline valve (9) and a chimney radiation tail end circulating pump (11) are arranged on the secondary water return pipe (15).
8. The photovoltaic/photothermal coupling driven building chimney ventilation enhancement system according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation and air exchange unit comprises an external building window (19) provided on the wall on the opposite side of the ventilation chimney, an air inlet (20) of the ventilation chimney is provided on the wall on the side close to the ventilation chimney, and an air outlet (21) is provided at the top of the ventilation chimney; the variable frequency fan (13) is arranged in the ventilation chimney and is positioned below the air outlet (21).
9. The photovoltaic/photothermal coupling driven building chimney ventilation strengthening system according to claim 8, wherein the air inlet (20) and the air outlet (21) are both electric shutters, and the air inlet (20) is arranged at the lower part of a room, which is 30cm away from the lower edge of the ground.
10. A method for strengthening ventilation of a building chimney by using a photovoltaic/photothermal coupling driving system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps:
a heat storage mode:
the solar photovoltaic panel heat-storage water heater comprises a secondary water supply pipeline valve (8), a secondary water return pipeline valve (9), a primary water supply pipeline valve (6) and a primary water return pipeline valve (7) which are closed, a solar photovoltaic panel (1) converts electric energy and stores the electric energy in a photovoltaic inverter (4), meanwhile, heat is transferred to water in a capillary heat exchanger (2) on the back, the cooling of the solar photovoltaic panel (1) is accelerated, the power generation efficiency is improved, heated water is delivered to a heat storage water tank (5) through a hot water outlet pipe, solar heat is stored, a solar circulating pump (10) delivers cold water back to the capillary heat exchanger (2) through a primary supply pipe (14), and a heat-preservation foam plate (3) prevents heat of the heat exchanger (2) from being dissipated so as to circulate;
passive ventilation mode of operation:
when hot water in the heat storage water tank (5) reaches a preset temperature, a primary water supply pipeline valve (6) and a primary water return pipeline valve (7) are closed, a secondary water supply pipeline valve (8) and a secondary water return pipeline valve (9) are opened, the hot water flows to a capillary network heat dissipation tail end (12) of the inner wall of a chimney through a secondary water supply pipe (16) to heat air in the chimney, the cooled water is returned to the heat storage water tank (5) through a return chimney radiation tail end circulating pump (11) in a secondary return pipe (17), outdoor air enters the indoor from a building external window (19), is fully mixed with indoor air and then enters the chimney from an air inlet (20) of a ventilation chimney, and is discharged from an air outlet (21) of the ventilation chimney;
when the solar heat cannot meet the indoor ventilation requirement, the variable frequency fan (13) installed at the air outlet of the building chimney is opened, the electric energy of the variable frequency fan is provided by the photovoltaic inverse controller (4), at the moment, the air is exhausted from the air outlet (21) of the ventilation chimney, and the outdoor air is supplemented through the building external window (19), so that the requirement of human body thermal comfort in a room is met.
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| CN202210158968.1A CN114543233A (en) | 2022-02-21 | 2022-02-21 | Building chimney ventilation strengthening system and method driven by photovoltaic/photothermal coupling |
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