CN114507388B - 一种高耐磨阻隔透湿材料及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种高耐磨阻隔透湿材料及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114507388B CN114507388B CN202210207423.5A CN202210207423A CN114507388B CN 114507388 B CN114507388 B CN 114507388B CN 202210207423 A CN202210207423 A CN 202210207423A CN 114507388 B CN114507388 B CN 114507388B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- moisture
- resistant
- parts
- weight
- uhmwpe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucasaeureamid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleicacidamide-heptaglycolether Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 pentaerythritol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- WPMYUUITDBHVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CCC(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O WPMYUUITDBHVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XKIVKIIBCJIWNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-[3-pentadecanethioyloxy-2,2-bis(pentadecanethioyloxymethyl)propyl] pentadecanethioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=S)OCC(COC(=S)CCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(COC(=S)CCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=S)CCCCCCCCCCCCCC XKIVKIIBCJIWNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 26
- 208000035874 Excoriation Diseases 0.000 description 19
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- XYXJKPCGSGVSBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris[(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C)=C1CN1C(=O)N(CC=2C(=C(O)C(=CC=2C)C(C)(C)C)C)C(=O)N(CC=2C(=C(O)C(=CC=2C)C(C)(C)C)C)C1=O XYXJKPCGSGVSBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- VSVVZZQIUJXYQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(3-dodecylsulfanylpropanoyloxy)-2,2-bis(3-dodecylsulfanylpropanoyloxymethyl)propyl] 3-dodecylsulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCSCCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCSCCCCCCCCCCCC)(COC(=O)CCSCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCSCCCCCCCCCCCC VSVVZZQIUJXYQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- FJQXCDYVZAHXNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methadone hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CC(C)N(C)C)(C(=O)CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 FJQXCDYVZAHXNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/02—Layered materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/12—Hygroscopic; Water retaining
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/24—Resistant to mechanical stress, e.g. pierce-proof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D2500/00—Materials for garments
- A41D2500/30—Non-woven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D2500/00—Materials for garments
- A41D2500/50—Synthetic resins or rubbers
- A41D2500/52—Synthetic resins or rubbers in sheet form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
- B32B2307/7145—Rot proof, resistant to bacteria, mildew, mould, fungi
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
- B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
- B32B2307/7246—Water vapor barrier
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2437/00—Clothing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2571/00—Protective equipment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/06—Polyethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2423/06—Polyethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
- C08K3/041—Carbon nanotubes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
Abstract
本发明公开了一种高耐磨阻隔透湿材料及其制备方法与应用,属于防护材料技术领域。该高耐磨阻隔透湿材料包括如下重量份的组分:HDPE 65~80份、UHMWPE 5~20份和碳纳米管0.2~1份,所述HDPE的重均分子量Mw≤30万,所述UHMWPE的重均分子量Mw为50万~100万。本发明通过对PE进行优化选择,得到具有优异的成膜性、耐磨性和阻隔性的材料。本发明还将碳纳米管引入PE材料中,有效改善了材料的透湿性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于防护材料技术领域,具体涉及一种高耐磨阻隔透湿材料及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
要想达到良好的病毒阻隔目的,用于制作防护服的材料需要具有优异的密封性,而优异的密封性能会导致穿着人员身体排出的气体和汗液难以散出,特别是汗液的存在将会大大影响防护服的穿着舒适性,因此,在保证防护服良好阻隔性能的同时,需要使其具有良好的透湿性能。
现有技术CN 111690195 A公开了一种纳米微孔膜、纳米微孔膜制作方法及其应用,其通过将一定分子量的聚烯烃与加工助剂按一定比例混合,使得复合后的材料满足特定的强度要求,在分子间作用力和添加剂的作用下,聚烯烃流延基膜拉伸后形成的微孔结构的孔径大大降低,孔径可以达到纳米级别,能够实现100%防护的效果,同时微孔膜的厚度也可以减薄,用于口罩材料佩戴更舒适。然而,该方法获得的材料并不能应用在防护服以及户外劳保领域,主要原因是PE膜的耐磨性较差,不适合暴露在作业环境中。为此,亟需提供一种同时具备优异的耐磨性、阻隔性和透湿性的材料。
发明内容
为解决上述现有技术中存在的不足之处,本发明的目的在于提供一种高耐磨阻隔透湿材料及其制备方法与应用。
为达到其目的,本发明所采用的技术方案为:
一种高耐磨阻隔透湿材料,其包括如下重量份的组分:HDPE(高密度聚乙烯)65~80份、UHMWPE(超高分子量聚乙烯)5~20份和碳纳米管0.2~1份,所述HDPE的重均分子量Mw≤30万,所述UHMWPE的重均分子量Mw为50 万~100万。
本发明采用重均分子量Mw≤30万的HDPE作为基体树脂,该分子量的 HDPE具有较好的成膜性,但耐磨性较差,且不具备透湿性。为此,本发明采用重均分子量Mw为50万~100万的UHMWPE对HDPE进行改性,该分子量的 UHMWPE能有效提高HDPE的耐磨性,同时不会影响其成膜性。其次,本发明在体系中引入适量的碳纳米管,在不影响材料成膜性的同时,赋予材料良好的透湿性,同时提高材料的力学性能。
发明人经试验研究发现,若本发明配方体系中采用Mw>30万的HDPE,会导致材料的成膜性较差,难以加工制备膜材。若本发明配方体系中采用Mw <50万的UHMWPE,会导致无法有效提高材料的耐磨性。若本发明配方体系中采用Mw>100万的UHMWPE,会导致材料的成膜性显著下降,难以加工制备膜材。
更优选地,所述HDPE的重均分子量Mw为10万~26万。采用该分子量的 HDPE,材料具有更好的成膜性,膜材品质更高。
优选地,所述UHMWPE的重量份为10~15份。
优选地,所述碳纳米管的重量份为0.4~0.8份。
优选地,所述碳纳米管为单壁碳纳米管、多壁碳纳米管中的至少一种。
优选地,所述碳纳米管在添加前先采用极性溶剂和脂肪酸进行预分散。
优选地,所述极性溶剂为乙酸乙酯、DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)、乙醇、水中的至少一种。
优选地,所述脂肪酸为月桂酸、豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、椰子油脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺中的至少一种。
优选地,所述碳纳米管、极性溶剂和脂肪酸的重量比为,碳纳米管:极性溶剂:脂肪酸=(15~25):(0.5~1.5):(75~85)。
优选地,所述高耐磨阻隔透湿材料还包括如下重量份的组分:加工助剂 10~20份、抗氧剂0.1~0.5份和润滑剂0.5~1.5份。
优选地,所述加工助剂为芥酸酰胺、油酸酰胺、10#白油、石蜡油中的至少一种。
优选地,所述抗氧剂为四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯、三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯、1,3,5-三(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基苄基)-1,3,5- 三嗪-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)-三酮、季戊四醇四(3-月桂基硫代丙酸酯)中的至少一种。
优选地,所述润滑剂为EBS酰胺、PE蜡、硬脂酸盐中的至少一种。
本发明还提供了一种所述高耐磨阻隔透湿材料的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
(1)将碳纳米管、极性溶剂和脂肪酸混合均匀,得到碳纳米管混合物;
(2)根据配方比例,将HDPE、UHMWPE、加工助剂、抗氧剂和润滑剂混合均匀,得到预混料;
(3)将预混料加入双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融挤出,在熔融段注入步骤(1) 制备的碳纳米管混合物,螺杆各区温度为190~230℃,两段真空抽出挥发性成分,真空压力控制在-0.06MPa以下,真空造粒,制得所述高耐磨阻隔透湿材料。
本发明还提供了所述高耐磨阻隔透湿材料在制备防护材料中的应用。
本发明还提供了一种防护材料,其采用包括所述高耐磨阻隔透湿材料制得。
本发明还提供了一种防护材料的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
(1)将颗粒状的所述高耐磨阻隔透湿材料加入流延设备的料斗中,挤出各段温度设置为170~230℃,模头温度设置为170~250℃,流延成膜;
(2)将步骤(1)制备的膜材与无纺布复合,制得所述医用防护材料。
膜材与无纺布的复合可以采用热熔胶喷胶粘合等现有方法实现。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:本发明通过对PE的种类、分子量及配比进行优化选择,得到具有优异的成膜性、耐磨性和阻隔性的材料。同时,碳纳米管的纳米级微孔的水分子扩散速率比依靠浓度差扩散的扩散速率高一个数量级,本发明将碳纳米管引入PE材料中,在不降低材料成膜性、耐磨性和阻隔性的同时,有效改善材料的透湿性能。此外,本发明通过先将碳纳米管制成油状碳纳米管混合物后,再采用注入式加工方法将其引入材料中,有效解决了碳纳米管难分散的技术问题。本发明的高耐磨阻隔透湿材料能有效阻隔细菌、病毒,耐磨性和透湿性好,可以制成防护用具或防护服等医用防护产品应用在劳保防护以及户外防护等防护场所中,应用前景广泛。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。加工助剂、抗氧剂和润滑剂在平行实验中使用的是同一种。
对实施例及对比例所用的原料来源做如下说明,但不限于此:
HDPE-1,重均分子量Mw为8万,型号HDPE 2911,购自中石化。
HDPE-2,重均分子量Mw为10万,型号HTA108,购自埃克森美孚。
HDPE-3,重均分子量Mw为26万,型号HDPE 5502,购自韩国大林。
HDPE-4,重均分子量Mw为30万,型号BH500,购自旭化成。
HDPE-5,重均分子量Mw为40万,型号T0504F,购自中石化。
UHMWPE-1,重均分子量Mw为50万,型号T0604F,购自中石化。
UHMWPE-2,重均分子量Mw为100万,型号UH650,购自旭化成。
UHMWPE-3,重均分子量Mw为45万,型号060F,购自中石化。
UHMWPE-4,重均分子量Mw为120万,型号4500,购自扬子石化。
加工助剂,芥酸酰胺,市售。
碳纳米管,CNT102,岛金科技,多壁碳纳米管。
抗氧剂,受阻酚类抗氧化剂1010,市售。
润滑剂,EBS酰胺,市售。
实施例和对比例所制备薄膜的性能测试标准及条件如下:
1、透湿量参照GB/T19082-2009标准进行测试,38℃,90%RH。透湿量越大,说明材料的透湿性能越好。
2、静水压参照EN ISO 811:2018标准进行测试,升压速率60cmH2O。静水压越大,说明材料的阻隔性能越好。
3、耐磨耗参照EN ISO 12947-2:2016标准进行测试,采用马丁代尔耐磨试验仪,测试压力9kPa,磨砂240耐磨测试砂纸,1-6级转速分级分别为10转、 40转、100转、400转、1000转、2000转,耐磨试验仪磨耗处理后按上述方法测试静水压,静水压大于20cmH2O则代表通过该等级。耐磨耗等级越高,说明材料的耐磨性能越好。
实施例1~13
实施例1~13提供了一种高耐磨阻隔透湿材料,其重量份配方见表1所示,制备方法如下:
(1)将碳纳米管、乙醇和月桂酸按照碳纳米管:乙醇:月桂酸=20:1:80的重量比混合,在40℃下搅拌均匀,得到油状的碳纳米管混合物;
(2)将HDPE、UHMWPE、加工助剂、抗氧剂和润滑剂加入高混机中, 1000~2000rpm混合1~3min,得到均匀的预混料;
(3)将预混料加入双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融挤出,在熔融段注入步骤(1) 制备的碳纳米管混合物,螺杆各区温度为190~230℃,两段真空抽出小分子物质,真空压力控制在-0.06MPa以下,真空造粒,制得高耐磨阻隔透湿材料。
将制得的高耐磨阻隔透湿材料加入流延设备的料斗中,挤出各段温度设置为170~230℃,模头温度设置为170~250℃,生产出厚度为0.015mm的薄膜,取样进行透湿量、耐磨耗和初始静水压的性能测试。
表1
注:表中“-”表示未添加该组分,下同。
初始静水压是指未进行耐磨耗测试的薄膜试样的静水压。
对比例1~11
对比例1~11提供了一种PE材料,其配方(重量份)见表2所示。其中,对比例1~6和对比例8~11的制备方法参照实施例1~13的制备方法。
对比例7的制备方法如下:(1)将HDPE、UHMWPE、碳纳米管、加工助剂、抗氧剂和润滑剂加入高混机中,1000~2000rpm混合1~3min,得到均匀的预混料;(2)将预混料加入双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融挤出,螺杆各区温度为 190~230℃,两段真空抽出小分子物质,真空压力控制在-0.06MPa以下,真空造粒;(3)将制得的粒料加入流延设备的料斗中,挤出各段温度设置为170~230℃,模头温度设置为170~250℃,生产出厚度为0.015mm的薄膜,取样进行透湿量、耐磨耗和初始静水压的性能测试。
表2
从上表数据可看出:实施例1~13的材料的透湿量达到7124g/m2·24h以上,耐磨耗等级达到4级以上,初始静水压达到197mmH2O以上,具有较好的透湿性、耐磨性和阻隔性。其中,通过实施例1和实施例5~7可看出,UHMWPE的含量会对材料的性能产生影响,而当其含量为10~15重量份(即实施例5~6)时,材料在透湿性、耐磨性和阻隔性上的综合性能较好。从对比例10~11还可看出,当UHMWPE添加过少时,会导致材料的耐磨性不足,仅达到3级,且透湿性和阻隔性降低。当UHMWPE添加过多时,虽然材料的耐磨性可达到6级,但此时材料的透湿性和阻隔性降低。通过实施例1和实施例8~10可看出,碳纳米管的含量也会对材料的性能产生影响,而按本发明配方进行添加时,材料具有较好的透湿性、耐磨性和阻隔性。从对比例8和对比例9还可看出,当碳纳米管添加过少或过多时,会导致材料的透湿性能和阻隔性显著下降,添加过少时,耐磨性也会有所影响。
从对比例1可看出,采用重均分子量大于30万的HDPE-5时,由于此时材料的成膜性较差,导致薄膜的透湿性、耐磨性和阻隔性均发生明显下降。从对比例2可看出,采用重均分子量小于50万的UHMWPE-3时,导致材料的耐磨性显著下降,透湿性和阻隔性也有所下降。从对比例3可看出,采用重均分子量大于100万的UHMWPE-4时,此时材料的成膜性较差,导致薄膜的透湿性、耐磨性和阻隔性均发生明显下降。从对比例4可看出,采用一种PE(HDPE) 制备的材料,材料不具备耐磨性,而且透湿性和阻隔性也较差。从对比例5可看出,采用一种PE(UHMWPE)制备的材料,透湿性较差,阻隔性也有所下降。从对比例6可看出,材料中缺少碳纳米管混合物时,其不具备透湿性,且阻隔性和耐磨性也有所下降。从对比例7可看出,将碳纳米管在未经处理的情况下直接加入配方体系时,由于碳纳米管的分散效果不好,导致薄膜的透湿性、耐磨性和阻隔性均较差。
最后所应当说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细说明,本领域技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种高耐磨阻隔透湿材料,其特征在于,包括如下重量份的组分:HDPE 65~80份、UHMWPE 5~20份和碳纳米管0.2~1份,所述HDPE的重均分子量Mw≤30万,所述UHMWPE的重均分子量Mw为50万~100万;所述碳纳米管在添加前先采用极性溶剂和脂肪酸进行预分散。
2.如权利要求1所述的高耐磨阻隔透湿材料,其特征在于,所述HDPE的重均分子量Mw为10万~26万。
3.如权利要求1所述的高耐磨阻隔透湿材料,其特征在于,所述UHMWPE的重量份为10~15份。
4.如权利要求1所述的高耐磨阻隔透湿材料,其特征在于,所述碳纳米管的重量份为0.4~0.8份。
5.如权利要求1所述的高耐磨阻隔透湿材料,其特征在于,所述极性溶剂为乙酸乙酯、DMF、乙醇、水中的至少一种;所述脂肪酸为月桂酸、豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、椰子油脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺中的至少一种。
6.如权利要求1所述的高耐磨阻隔透湿材料,其特征在于,所述碳纳米管、极性溶剂和脂肪酸的重量比为,碳纳米管:极性溶剂:脂肪酸=(15~25):(0.5~1.5):(75~85)。
7.如权利要求1所述的高耐磨阻隔透湿材料,其特征在于,还包括如下重量份的组分:加工助剂10~20份、抗氧剂0.1~0.5份和润滑剂0.5~1.5份,所述加工助剂为芥酸酰胺、油酸酰胺、10#白油、石蜡油中的至少一种,所述抗氧剂为四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯、三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯、1,3,5-三(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基苄基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)-三酮、季戊四醇四(3-月桂基硫代丙酸酯)中的至少一种,所述润滑剂为EBS酰胺、PE蜡、硬脂酸盐中的至少一种。
8.如权利要求1~7任一项所述的高耐磨阻隔透湿材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将碳纳米管、极性溶剂和脂肪酸混合均匀,得到碳纳米管混合物;
(2)根据配方比例,将HDPE、UHMWPE、加工助剂、抗氧剂和润滑剂混合均匀,得到预混料;
(3)将预混料加入双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融挤出,在熔融段注入步骤(1)制备的碳纳米管混合物,螺杆各区温度为190~230℃,两段真空抽出挥发性成分,真空压力控制在-0.06MPa以下,真空造粒,制得所述高耐磨阻隔透湿材料。
9.一种防护材料,其特征在于,采用包括如权利要求1~7任一项所述的高耐磨阻隔透湿材料制得。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210207423.5A CN114507388B (zh) | 2022-03-03 | 2022-03-03 | 一种高耐磨阻隔透湿材料及其制备方法与应用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210207423.5A CN114507388B (zh) | 2022-03-03 | 2022-03-03 | 一种高耐磨阻隔透湿材料及其制备方法与应用 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN114507388A CN114507388A (zh) | 2022-05-17 |
CN114507388B true CN114507388B (zh) | 2023-11-17 |
Family
ID=81554583
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210207423.5A Active CN114507388B (zh) | 2022-03-03 | 2022-03-03 | 一种高耐磨阻隔透湿材料及其制备方法与应用 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN114507388B (zh) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20030005710A (ko) * | 2001-07-10 | 2003-01-23 | 학교법인고려중앙학원 | 탄소나노튜브가 첨가된 초고분자량 폴리에틸렌 및 그제조방법 |
CN102936352A (zh) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-02-20 | 光明乳业股份有限公司 | 一种增强的阻隔薄膜及其制备方法 |
WO2017077455A2 (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2017-05-11 | Reliance Industries Limited | A process for preparation of high melt strength polyolefin composition |
RU2681634C1 (ru) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-03-11 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный исследовательский центр "Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук" | Способ получения композиционного материала на основе сверхвысокомолекулярного полиэтилена |
CN110564035A (zh) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-12-13 | 浙江晟祺实业有限公司 | 一种超高分子量聚乙烯复合材料及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9694344B2 (en) * | 2016-05-02 | 2017-07-04 | LiSo Plastics, L.L.C. | Multilayer polymeric membrane and process |
-
2022
- 2022-03-03 CN CN202210207423.5A patent/CN114507388B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20030005710A (ko) * | 2001-07-10 | 2003-01-23 | 학교법인고려중앙학원 | 탄소나노튜브가 첨가된 초고분자량 폴리에틸렌 및 그제조방법 |
CN102936352A (zh) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-02-20 | 光明乳业股份有限公司 | 一种增强的阻隔薄膜及其制备方法 |
WO2017077455A2 (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2017-05-11 | Reliance Industries Limited | A process for preparation of high melt strength polyolefin composition |
RU2681634C1 (ru) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-03-11 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный исследовательский центр "Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук" | Способ получения композиционного материала на основе сверхвысокомолекулярного полиэтилена |
CN110564035A (zh) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-12-13 | 浙江晟祺实业有限公司 | 一种超高分子量聚乙烯复合材料及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN114507388A (zh) | 2022-05-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN111560140B (zh) | 口罩用熔喷无纺布专用有机驻极母粒及其制备方法、制成的熔喷无纺布 | |
EP0115192B2 (en) | Process for producing stretched filaments of ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene | |
EP0168923B1 (en) | Process for producing stretched article of ultrahigh-molecular weight polyethylene | |
CN112708190B (zh) | 一种暖贴专用透气膜组合物及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN108102347B (zh) | 高物性哑光热塑性聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法 | |
CN111978644B (zh) | 一种聚丙烯透气膜及其制备方法 | |
FR2623418A1 (fr) | Composition notamment pour la realisation de separateurs microporeux et procede de preparation de cette composition | |
CN112606257B (zh) | 一种低气味窄分子量分布的高熔指聚丙烯及其制备方法 | |
CN112778600A (zh) | 一种聚烯烃透气膜专用料及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN114507388B (zh) | 一种高耐磨阻隔透湿材料及其制备方法与应用 | |
EP0793690B1 (en) | Composition useful for elastomeric articles and articles prepared from the composition | |
JPS63182349A (ja) | 超高分子量ポリオレフイン組成物の製造方法 | |
CN113429731B (zh) | 一种环保型沥青高黏度添加剂及其制备方法 | |
WO2018133603A1 (zh) | 一种橡胶增韧聚丙烯复合物及其应用 | |
CN114621510B (zh) | 一种复合型增塑剂及其制备方法 | |
CN114806002B (zh) | 一种透气膜及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN114031853B (zh) | 一种黑色熔喷聚丙烯组合物及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN114031899B (zh) | 一种高阻隔高透湿的聚酯膜材料及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN112778636B (zh) | 一种熔喷聚丙烯料及制备方法和应用 | |
JPS618323A (ja) | 超高分子量ポリエチレン延伸物の製造法 | |
JPS62201941A (ja) | 透気性フイルム、またはシ−トの製造方法 | |
JP2859346B2 (ja) | 多孔性フイルム | |
CN113244696A (zh) | 一种透气均匀的熔喷空气过滤材料及其生产工艺 | |
CN114621516A (zh) | 一种高拒水性聚烯烃组合物、透气膜及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN116925456A (zh) | 乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物组合物、材料、膜及制备方法和应用 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |