CN114472937A - Electric spindle of high-speed precision numerical control machine tool - Google Patents
Electric spindle of high-speed precision numerical control machine tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114472937A CN114472937A CN202111655243.5A CN202111655243A CN114472937A CN 114472937 A CN114472937 A CN 114472937A CN 202111655243 A CN202111655243 A CN 202111655243A CN 114472937 A CN114472937 A CN 114472937A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- spindle
- sleeve
- adapter
- top rod
- stator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
- B23Q11/126—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only
- B23Q11/127—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only for cooling motors or spindles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an electric spindle of a high-speed precise numerical control machine tool, and belongs to the technical field of metal cutting processing. The spindle box comprises a spindle box, a spindle sleeve, a spindle, a top rod, an adapter, a chuck and a compression spring, wherein a stator and a rotor are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the spindle sleeve and the outer wall of the spindle, the spindle is connected with the spindle sleeve through a plurality of groups of precise angular contact bearings, the inner end of the top rod is pressed against the adapter, the chuck is connected in the adapter in a sliding manner, the compression spring is pressed between the adapter and the chuck, and the outer end of the top rod is provided with a thrust mechanism for driving the top rod to slide in the spindle; the rotor and the stator form a low-current direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor, and a temperature sensor probe is arranged in the stator; a spiral liquid cooling through groove is formed between the spindle box and the spindle sleeve, and two ends of the liquid cooling through groove are respectively externally connected with a liquid pump and a liquid storage device to form liquid cooling circulation. The invention has the advantages of high speed, high precision, constant temperature operation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal cutting machining, and relates to an electric spindle of a high-speed precise numerical control machine tool.
Background
Advanced manufacturing is the basis of modern industry, and the lathe is the basic stone "the mother of industry" digit control machine tool of leading manufacturing development is the first-selected advanced processing equipment of modern mechanical equipment manufacturing, along with domestic digit control machine tool's high-speed development and volume production for twenty years, the continuous progress of technique and function, its intelligence, style, type subdivision, precision grade, work efficiency also is promoting constantly. However, although the domestic numerical control machine tool has been developed and popularized at a high speed, the economic type, the popularization type, the intermediate wandering type and the high-precision type are still very few. The high-quality development of the middle-grade and high-grade hierarchical machine types of the 'working master machine' increasingly requires the essence of machine tool industry, breaks through the technical barrier of developed industrial countries, overcomes the technical bottleneck, solves the technology of key components of the domestic machine tool, and is the urgent pursuit of machine tool industry engineering. At present, along with the development of industrial door type, intelligent and fine industries, the requirements of a numerical control machine tool on the specialization, high precision, high efficiency and intelligent composite type are stronger and stronger. Such as: 4G, 5G communication, optical instrument and make a video recording, intelligent inductor, sensor, aerospace connector, medical instrument and the rise of industries such as wicresoft utensil intelligent automation, unmanned aerial vehicle and intelligent automobile, biology and genetic engineering in the IT trade, to the specialization of digit control machine tool, high accuracy point, high-efficient, intelligent complex requires very harsh, if: the machining precision reaches the mu level, the surface roughness is required to be extremely high, even a mirror surface is machined at one time, the consistency of fine lines and the mu level of form and position tolerance are machined, the machining efficiency is measured by S, and even 1 second is spent, the machine tool is judged to be a poor machine tool, and the high-precision and high-efficiency requirements provide a plurality of high-difficulty technical new indexes and parameters for a numerical control machine tool.
The high-speed high-precision motorized spindle is a core functional part in a high-speed precision numerical control machine tool, and the performance of the motorized spindle directly influences the overall technical level, precision grade, machining efficiency, stability and reliability index of the numerical control machine tool. The electric main shaft for the high-speed precision lathe is a heart of a 'working master machine', and the electric main shaft for the high-speed precision lathe has different requirements on various required structural parameter indexes, motor performance parameters, precision, temperature rise coefficients, clamping material modes and the like according to different types and specifications of matched machine tools. The national electricity generation main shaft has been through development in nearly two decades, constantly explores in the practice, according to the lathe type register, has had definite classification, still stop and use in the supporting of popular type and well fender type lathe, has formed a section distance with the novel industry demand of developing day by day, still rely on imported lathe to supply in high-end field, mainly have high-accuracy go up, stability is not good, motor characteristic coefficient is not perfect enough, the rigidity is not enough, the fault rate is on the high side, can not satisfy high-speed, high-accuracy, high-efficient digit control machine tool and in market user's required standard.
The numerical control lathe is numerical control longitudinal cutting turn-milling composite equipment which is commonly called a core-moving machine, a numerical control core-moving type automatic lathe and numerical control core-moving type turn-milling composite.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electric spindle of a high-speed precision numerical control machine tool aiming at the problems in the prior art, and the technical problem to be solved by the invention is how to improve the high speed and the high precision of the electric spindle.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: the electric spindle of the high-speed precise numerical control machine tool is characterized by comprising a spindle box, a spindle sleeve, a spindle, a top rod, an adapter, a chuck and a compression spring, wherein a stator and a rotor are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the spindle sleeve and the outer wall of the spindle, the spindle and the spindle sleeve are connected through a plurality of groups of precise angular contact bearings, the inner end of the top rod is pressed against the adapter, the chuck is connected in the adapter in a sliding manner, the compression spring is pressed between the adapter and the chuck, and the outer end of the top rod is provided with a thrust mechanism for driving the top rod to slide in the spindle;
the rotor and the stator form a low-current direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor, and a temperature sensor probe is arranged in the stator;
a spiral liquid cooling through groove is formed between the spindle box and the spindle sleeve, and two ends of the liquid cooling through groove are respectively externally connected with a liquid pump and a liquid storage tank to form liquid cooling circulation.
Furthermore, the low-current direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts an ultra-thin non-oriented silicon steel sheet, and the thickness of the ultra-thin non-oriented silicon steel sheet is less than 0.2 mm.
Further, be provided with a cylinder on the headstock, the cylinder body of cylinder articulates on the headstock, it has a shift fork to articulate on the push rod of cylinder, sliding connection has a sliding sleeve on the main shaft, rotating connection has the bearing housing with shift fork complex on the sliding sleeve, the fixed cover that pushes away that is provided with on the main shaft, it has a pair of switching claw to push away to articulate in the cover, the sliding sleeve can promote the switching claw around the pin joint swing and promote the ejector pin and remove along main shaft axis direction.
The push rod of the cylinder pushes the sliding sleeve to slide on the main shaft to push the opening and closing claw, the opening and closing claw pushes the ejector rod to extrude the compression spring, the clamping piece is loosened to facilitate automatic material feeding and discharging, and the clamping piece clamps a workpiece after the ejector rod is loosened.
The opening and closing claw is wrapped by a push sleeve, the outer diameter is small, and vibration of the main shaft can be reduced.
Therefore, high speed and high precision are realized through the arrangement of the motor, the control of heat dissipation and the design of the structure in various aspects.
The low-current direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor is applied to a medium-high-speed high-precision motorized spindle in numerical control longitudinal cutting, turning and milling composite and is characterized by small volume, light weight, high-speed response frequency, large low-speed torque, sufficient high-speed power, stable instantaneous overload, vibration grade V15, loading of a high-speed high-resolution induction type magnetic grid encoder, closed-loop control of a servo driver, degree precision reaching an angle S grade, and highest rotating speed of a motorized spindle material carrying up to 15000 RPM; the spindle axially moves, the radial runout of a taper hole in a sliding sleeve of the spindle adapter is within 2 mu m, the precision stability is good, the electric spindle does not bring material high-speed noise within 62dB, the temperature rise is controlled below 8 degrees, the machining efficiency is averagely improved by more than 20%, and the machining precision and the surface roughness are averagely improved by 1-2 grades. The stability and the reliability are obviously improved, and the average failure rate cycle is improved by 2 times. The batch processing size precision is 0.005MM, the surface roughness reaches within Re0.2, and the bidirectional dynamic balance index is 0.14G.
The low-current direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts a low-current input technology, the self-heating temperature rise of the motor is reduced, a temperature sensor probe is embedded into a motor stator, and the temperature rise of the electric spindle is intelligently controlled to be below 8 degrees at the ambient temperature through a numerical control system.
The motor has the advantages of high efficiency and stability of characteristic coefficients, small volume and small self-heating coefficient under high-speed operation. The ultra-thin non-oriented silicon steel sheet produced by the most advanced process at present in China is adopted, the high-quality wire winding with the thickness of less than 0.20mm (the universal electric spindle is selected from the non-standard silicon steel sheet and the thickness of the wire is more than 0.30 mm), and the epoxy potting process (the common dipping process) is adopted, and the most advanced material and the advanced process scheme are adopted, so that the eddy current effect is improved, the heating defect of the motor is overcome, and the stability and the superiority of the characteristic coefficient of the motor and the small temperature rise coefficient are ensured.
In order to solve the problems of high-speed temperature rise and irregular change of environmental temperature (more than 90% of users in China cannot do the temperature rise and the temperature change of a precision machine tool is processed in a constant-temperature workshop (room), the change of the indoor environmental temperature in the south-north area throughout the year is usually 5-38 ℃, the temperature change of the electric main shaft is small when the electric main shaft runs at high speed, a spiral groove is formed in the outer diameter of a main shaft sleeve 12 and is in sealing fit with two ends of an inner hole of a main shaft box 1, an oil cooler is additionally arranged to carry out medium pressure to cool circulating oil on the outer ring of the main shaft sleeve 12, and a temperature sensor embedded in a motor stator 13 intelligently controls and adjusts the temperature rise change of an oil cooler process through a system, so that the electric main shaft is ensured to run at high speed under the environmental temperature and keeps normal work at the temperature of more than 25 ℃ and less than 32 ℃.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present electric spindle.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present electric spindle.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the present electric spindle with the headstock and cylinder removed.
In the figure, 1, a spindle box; 2. a main shaft sleeve; 3. a main shaft; 4. a top rod; 5. an adapter; 6. a chuck; 7. a compression spring; 8. a stator; 9. a rotor; 10. liquid cooling through the tank; 11. a cylinder; 12. a shifting fork; 13. a sliding sleeve; 14. a bearing housing; 15. pushing a sleeve; 16. The claw is opened and closed.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the spindle box comprises a spindle box 1, a spindle sleeve 2, a spindle 3, a top rod 4, an adapter 5, a chuck 6 and a compression spring 7, wherein the inner wall of the spindle sleeve 2 and the outer wall of the spindle 3 are respectively provided with a stator 8 and a rotor 9, the spindle 3 and the spindle sleeve 2 are connected through a plurality of groups of precise angular contact bearings, the inner end of the top rod 4 is pressed against the adapter 5, the chuck 6 is slidably connected in the adapter 5, the compression spring 7 is pressed between the adapter 5 and the chuck 6, and the outer end of the top rod 4 is provided with a thrust mechanism for driving the top rod 4 to slide in the spindle 3;
the rotor 9 and the stator 8 form a low-current direct-drive permanent magnet motor, and a temperature sensor probe is arranged in the stator 8; a spiral liquid cooling through groove 10 is formed between the spindle box 1 and the spindle sleeve 2, and two ends of the liquid cooling through groove 10 are respectively externally connected with a liquid pump and a liquid storage device to form liquid cooling circulation.
The low-current direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts an ultrathin non-oriented silicon steel sheet, and the thickness of the ultrathin non-oriented silicon steel sheet is less than 0.2 mm.
The spindle box 1 is provided with an air cylinder 11, a cylinder body of the air cylinder 11 is hinged to the spindle box 1, a shifting fork 12 is hinged to a push rod of the air cylinder 11, a sliding sleeve 13 is connected to the spindle 3 in a sliding mode, a bearing sleeve 14 matched with the shifting fork 12 is connected to the sliding sleeve 13 in a rotating mode, a pushing sleeve 15 is fixedly arranged on the spindle 3, a plurality of opening and closing claws 16 are hinged to the pushing sleeve 15, and the sliding sleeve 13 can push the opening and closing claws 16 to swing around a hinged point to push the ejector rod 4 to move along the axis direction of the spindle 3.
The push rod of the cylinder 11 pushes the sliding sleeve 13 to slide on the main shaft 3 to push the opening and closing claw 16, the opening and closing claw 16 pushes the ejector rod 4 to extrude the compression spring 7, the clamping piece is loosened to facilitate automatic material feeding and discharging, and the clamping piece clamps a workpiece after the ejector rod 4 is loosened.
The opening and closing claw 16 is wrapped by a push sleeve 15, the outer diameter is small, and the vibration of the spindle 3 can be reduced, so that high speed and high precision are realized through the arrangement of a motor, the control of heat dissipation and the design of the structure in many aspects.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the structural pathways of the present invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. The electric spindle of the high-speed precise numerical control machine tool is characterized by comprising a spindle box (1), a spindle sleeve (2), a spindle (3), a top rod (4), an adapter (5), a chuck (6) and a compression spring (7), wherein the inner wall of the spindle sleeve (2) and the outer wall of the spindle (3) are respectively provided with a stator (8) and a rotor (9), the spindle (3) and the spindle sleeve (2) are connected through a plurality of groups of precise angular contact bearings, the inner end of the top rod (4) is pressed against the adapter (5), the chuck (6) is connected in the adapter (5) in a sliding manner, the compression spring (7) is pressed between the adapter (5) and the chuck (6), and the outer end of the top rod (4) is provided with a thrust mechanism for driving the top rod (4) to slide in the spindle (3);
the rotor (9) and the stator (8) form a low-current direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor, and a temperature sensor probe is arranged in the stator (8);
a spiral liquid cooling through groove (10) is formed between the spindle box (1) and the spindle sleeve (2), and two ends of the liquid cooling through groove (10) are respectively externally connected with a liquid pump and a liquid storage to form liquid cooling circulation.
2. The electric spindle of a high-speed precise numerical control machine according to claim 1, wherein the low-current direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts an ultra-thin non-oriented silicon steel sheet, and the thickness of the ultra-thin non-oriented silicon steel sheet is less than 0.2 mm.
3. The electric spindle of the high-speed precise numerical control machine tool is characterized in that an air cylinder (11) is arranged on the spindle box (1), a cylinder body of the air cylinder (11) is hinged on the spindle box (1), a shifting fork (12) is hinged on a push rod of the air cylinder (11), a sliding sleeve (13) is connected onto the spindle (3) in a sliding mode, a bearing sleeve (14) matched with the shifting fork (12) is connected onto the sliding sleeve (13) in a rotating mode, a pushing sleeve (15) is fixedly arranged on the spindle (3), a pair of opening and closing claws (16) is hinged in the pushing sleeve (15), and the sliding sleeve (13) can push the opening and closing claws (16) to swing around a hinge point to push the ejector rod (4) to move along the axis direction of the spindle (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111655243.5A CN114472937A (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Electric spindle of high-speed precision numerical control machine tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111655243.5A CN114472937A (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Electric spindle of high-speed precision numerical control machine tool |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114472937A true CN114472937A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
Family
ID=81508191
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111655243.5A Pending CN114472937A (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Electric spindle of high-speed precision numerical control machine tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114472937A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201271742Y (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2009-07-15 | 浙江日发数码精密机械股份有限公司 | High speed electric main spindle apparatus of machine tool |
| CN206527347U (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-09-29 | 冯洁娜 | For walking the main shaft on core type complex milling machine tool |
| CN107282950A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-24 | 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 | A kind of high-speed permanent magnetic synchronization Zuan Gong centers electro spindle |
| KR20200108998A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2020-09-22 | 한화정밀기계 주식회사 | A head stock of a lathe having a function of adjusting chucking force |
| CN216801701U (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-06-24 | 湖北一丰科技有限公司 | Electric spindle of numerical control machine tool |
-
2021
- 2021-12-30 CN CN202111655243.5A patent/CN114472937A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201271742Y (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2009-07-15 | 浙江日发数码精密机械股份有限公司 | High speed electric main spindle apparatus of machine tool |
| CN206527347U (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-09-29 | 冯洁娜 | For walking the main shaft on core type complex milling machine tool |
| CN107282950A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-24 | 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 | A kind of high-speed permanent magnetic synchronization Zuan Gong centers electro spindle |
| KR20200108998A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2020-09-22 | 한화정밀기계 주식회사 | A head stock of a lathe having a function of adjusting chucking force |
| CN216801701U (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-06-24 | 湖北一丰科技有限公司 | Electric spindle of numerical control machine tool |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN212824566U (en) | Six-axis numerical control inner and outer circle composite grinding machine | |
| CN201324838Y (en) | Electric main shaft part of composite milling machine tool | |
| CN216801701U (en) | Electric spindle of numerical control machine tool | |
| CN101386140B (en) | Numerical control gantry miller built-in release-cutter oil cylinder structure | |
| CN110340383B (en) | High-precision air-floatation electric spindle capable of automatically changing tools | |
| CN114472937A (en) | Electric spindle of high-speed precision numerical control machine tool | |
| CN106493393A (en) | A kind of spindle motor unit of numerical control rip cutting turnning and milling complex centre application | |
| CN109530730A (en) | A kind of double winding speed electric rolling-ball main shaft and machining tool | |
| CN214517623U (en) | High-precision synchronous servo motor spindle for lathe | |
| CN114131622A (en) | Gear machining robot | |
| CN206492932U (en) | A kind of spindle motor unit of numerical control rip cutting turnning and milling complex centre application | |
| CN200984647Y (en) | Numerically controlling automatic lathe | |
| CN200981192Y (en) | Numerical control deep hole honing machine feeding mechanism | |
| CN208743709U (en) | A kind of main shaft of numerical control machine tool | |
| CN111331159A (en) | High-precision dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo programmable positioning multifunctional electric main shaft | |
| CN209303731U (en) | A kind of built-in permanent magnet synchronization motor spindle | |
| CN201038950Y (en) | Serial connection dual drive servo motor device | |
| CN202556161U (en) | Aspheric polishing device based on magneto-rheologic moment servo | |
| CN2654261Y (en) | Shaft kind end surface group hole processing special machine tool | |
| CN214868926U (en) | Positioning tool for finish machining of outer circle of motor rotor | |
| CN202377549U (en) | Workpiece spindle structure for integral turning and grinding machine tool | |
| CN212264550U (en) | High-precision dynamic and static oil pressure permanent magnet servo programmable positioning multifunctional electric main shaft | |
| CN101987416A (en) | Novel inclined-lathe precise numerical control machine | |
| CN114700509A (en) | Spindle box with W-axis function | |
| CN217290442U (en) | Synchronous floating nozzle of numerical control lathe |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |