CN114423895B - 非织造织物的制作方法及*** - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种产生非织造织物(10)的方法,包括以下步骤:预先布置至少一个导线器(100),其布置成引导至少一根纺织线(110,110a,110b),预先布置移动装置,其布置成根据至少一个自由度致动导线器(100),预先布置至少一个刚性支撑件(200,200’),通过移动装置操纵所述或每个导线器(100),以沿着在所述或每个刚性支撑件(200,200’)上的至少一个第一轨迹γ1布置所述或每根纺织线(110,110a,110b)的至少一个第一部分,通过移动装置操纵所述或每个导线器(100),以沿着在所述或每个刚性支撑件(200,200’)上的至少一个第二轨迹γ2布置所述或每根纺织线(110,110a,110b)的至少一个第二部分,所述或每个第二轨迹γ2布置成至少在一个交点Pi与所述或每个第一轨迹γ1重叠,在所述或每个交叉点Pi处将所述或每个纺织线(110,110a,110b)的所述或每个第二部分与所述或每个纺织线(110,110a,110b)的所述或每个第一部分连接。特别地,所述预先布置至少一个刚性支撑件(200,200’)的步骤提供了预先布置第一刚性支撑件(200)和至少一个第二刚性支撑件(200')的步骤。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及服装和纺织配饰的制造和包装领域,包括用于陈设以及部分或完全由纺织线制成的其他产品。
特别地,本发明涉及一种用于制作非织造织物的方法和***。
背景技术
目前,对于家庭或工业用服装、配饰和纺织产品的制造,从制作一种或多种织物开始,这些织物是由纺织纱线交织而获得的,这些纺织纱线又由捻在一起的长度可变的纤维或长丝组成。
取决于生产支持,织物通常制成长度和宽度可变的条状或管状。随后,可以对织物进行处理或修整,以提高其质量或技术技能。然后将织物条切割成特定形状的部分,这些部分将在与其他材料结合或预处理后,用于在按照精确的顺序缝合在一起或以各种方法连接在一起后制成一件服装。进而可以对服装进行修整、处理或印花。
上述过程有一些缺点。
首先,这些步骤中的每一个通常由单独的实体管理,这些实体制造半成品的单个零件或步骤,导致需要大量机器。
此外,纺织品生产需要大量的工作来补偿生产织物所需的工作量,特别是对于所谓的“梭”织物,即具有正交经纱和纬纱的织物。
另一个不利方面是,所获得产品的质量严格取决于参与服装包装的人员的手工技能和能力,尽管部分过程可以自动化。
最后,由于构成服装的部分的特定形状,裁剪过程会产生一定的织物浪费。
作为传统工艺的替代方案,有制造所谓非织造织物(TNT)的工艺,这是一种混杂的情况,其包括例如通过针刺工艺获得的织物、胶合在塑料支撑件(如塑料薄膜-粘合的)上、热成型和/或机械压缩短纤维,通常是与胶水物质结合的合成纤维(‘非织造’的其他例子是短非织造织物、熔喷非织造织物、纺粘非织造织物等)。
这类织物很少用于与人体接触的纺织品,因为使用的纤维质量低,抗压能力差。因此,这些织物主要用于工业,而不是用于制作服装。
最近,已经试验了一些方法来制造纺织部件,这些纺织部件利用了一些纤维的静电特性,这些纤维随后通过物理/化学作用结合在一起。
同样在这种情况下,服装的质量和抵抗力都很差。
发明内容
因此,本发明的一个特征是提供一种生产服装及其部分的方法,与现有技术的方法相比,该方法需要较少数量的机器和步骤。
本发明的另一个特征是提供这样一种即使在生产少量物品的情况下也可以自动化的方法。
本发明的进一步特征是提供一种显著减少织物浪费的方法。
本发明的又一个特征是提供一种既可用于工业生产又可用于家庭生产的方法。
这些和其他目的通过根据权利要求1至10的生成非织造织物的方法来实现。
附图说明
参考附图,本发明的其它特征和/或优点将通过对其示例性实施例的以下描述而变得更清楚,所述示例性实施例是示例性而非限制性的,在附图中:
-图1A和1B图解地显示了根据本发明的用于产生非织造织物的方法的纺织线的接合步骤,显示了纺织线的轨迹和交叉点;
-图2显示了根据定义的顺序适合于在交叉点Pi布置在轨迹γ1和γ2上的两部分纺织线;
-图3图解地显示了该方法的示例性实施方式,其中通过重叠两个刚性支撑件进行结合;
-图4图解地显示了该方法的示例性实施方式,其中用于沿着各自的轨迹布置纺织线的部分的张紧点Ti是通过与刚性支撑件成一体的张紧元件制成的;
-图5图解地示出了示例性实施例,是图4的变型,其中提供了移动张紧元件;
-图6图解地示出了示例性实施例,其中提供了两个旋转刚性支撑件用于连续处理;
-图7图解地显示了方法的实施例的后续步骤,其中提供了三维刚性拟人化支撑件和旋转刚性支撑件;
-图8显示了根据本发明的方法的一种变型,其中两个刚性支撑件不重叠以执行连接纺织线的步骤,而是彼此相邻放置以允许连接并行形成的非织造织物;
-图9显示了连接通过三个三维刚性支撑件获得的几个部件的步骤。
具体实施方式
参考图1A、1B、2和3,在产生非织造织物10的方法的第一实施例中,根据本发明,存在预先布置多个导线器100的第一步骤,所述导线器被移动以引导至少一样多的纺织线110沿第一轨迹γ1布置在第一刚性支撑件200上,轨迹在图1A中由导线器100下方的虚线示意性地表示。然后存在新处理导线器110的步骤,以沿着第二轨迹γ2布置纺织线110的第二部分,以便在交叉点Pi处连接纺织线110的第一部分和第二部分,从而制造出非织造织物。一根线与另一根线的结合给线带来张力。
特别地,在该方法的本实施例中,连接纺织线的步骤是通过胶合进行的,并且在连接步骤之前,存在将胶元件沉积在纺织线110的部分上的交叉点Pi上的步骤。
特别地,参考图2,纺织线110可以在沿着轨迹γ1和γ2布置、计算在相应的线110上的交叉点Pi之间的距离di之前已经被提供有胶水。
特别地,胶水以防止其从交叉点Pi逸出的方式布置,以防止非织造织物在过程结束时变粘。
特别地,胶水元件可以是:
-光硬化树脂,其随后暴露在紫外线下;
-双组分树脂;
-可物理或化学活化的树脂;
-胶膜;
-前述各项的组合。
或者,可以预先处理纺织线,以便它们可以通过超声波连接。
或者,连接步骤可以通过其他***例如缝纫或针刺来进行。
参考图3,在该方法的一个实施例中,纺织线110的第二部分被布置在第二刚性支撑件200'上并且连接纺织线110的步骤通过重叠刚性支撑件200和200'来进行。
在图4的示例性实施例中,在两个刚性支撑件200和200'上提供张紧元件220、220',其布置成分别产生沿着轨迹γ1的张紧点Ti和沿着轨迹γ2的辅助张紧点Ti′,为纺织线110提供两个连续张紧点Ti之间的预定张力。刚性支撑件200和200'然后以类似于图3所述的方式重叠。
特别地,张紧元件220、220'可以配备有活动部件,其可以完全或部分地与支撑件分离,或者可以甚至部分地由弹性或软材料(例如泡沫或橡胶)制成,以促进重叠和连接步骤。
在本实施例中,第一刚性支撑件200和第二刚性支撑件200'均具有平面形状。或者,两个刚性支撑件200、200'中只有一个可以具有平面形状。
在图5中,显示了该方法的变型,其中张紧元件220、220'可以相对于支撑件200和200'平移,以适当地调节线110a、110b的张力,并有助于纺织线沿着轨迹的布置,此外还可以更好地适应纺织品的期望几何形状。
在本发明的第一方案中,例如在图4的示例性实施例中所示,单根纺织线110的第一和第二部分布置在两个轨迹γ1和γ2上,从而使纺织线110自身粘合以产生非织造织物。
或者,例如如图5的实施例所示,第一纺织线110a可以布置在轨迹γ1上,而至少一根第二纺织线110b布置在至少一个轨迹γ2上,其通过交点Pi。因此,在该方案中,纺织线110在沿着轨迹γ1放置之后被切割。
在本发明的每个实施例中,可以有切割纺织线110、110a、110b以通过导线器100将其分开的步骤。这样的步骤可以在连接步骤之前和之后进行,或者仅在该步骤之后进行。
一般来说,张紧点Ti和Ti′通过以下方式可替代地或组合地形成:
-在刚性支撑件上使用胶水或其他可去除的粘合剂;
-通过与刚性支撑件成一体的张紧元件;
-通过相对于刚性支撑件可移动的张紧元件,以改变刚性支撑件上的工作周长和/或增加线的张力;
-通过配备有微孔的刚性支撑件,该微孔通过吸力将线保持在适当的位置;
-通过配备静电荷的刚性支撑件,该静电荷通过静电力将线保持在适当位置;
-通过刚性磁性支撑件和磁化的线。
特别地,刚性支撑件可以配备有由弹性或橡胶材料制成的部件,如图7所示,以便于线在重叠和连接步骤中会合。
在图6的变化实施例中,提供了两个旋转刚性支撑件200和200',其包括可相对于彼此平移的张紧元件220、220',被配置为产生张紧点Ti并沿着轨迹γ1和γ2布置。在该实施例中,通过胶合的连接通过重叠支撑件来进行,并且可以在纺织线110沿轨迹γ1和γ2连续布置期间进行。
参考图7,第一刚性支撑件200也可以是拟人化的三维支撑件,其允许以三维方式对非织造织物进行建模,通过例如第二旋转刚性支撑件200'获得纺织线的连接。
在图8中显示了方法的实施例,根据本发明,其中两个刚性支撑件200和200'不重叠以执行连接纺织线110的步骤,而是并行使用以提供非织造织物10a和10b的不同部分,然后将它们连接起来。
因此,在该实施例中,例如通过胶合在每个刚性支撑件200、200'上单独地连接纺织线110。
特别地,参考图9,刚性支撑件200和200'可以是解剖学形状的三维支撑件,其允许形成衣服的各个部分。
一些示例性具体实施例的前述描述将根据概念性观点充分地揭露本发明,以使得其它人通过应用当前的知识,将能够在不另外研究并且不偏离本发明的情况下在各种应用中修改和/或改编具体示例性实施例,并且因此,其意味着此类改编和修改将必须被视为等效于具体实施例。实现本文所描述的不同功能的构件和材料可以具有不同性质,而不出于此原因偏离发明领域。应理解,本文所采用的措词或术语是出于描述而不是限制的目的。
Claims (10)
1.一种产生非织造织物(10)的方法,包括以下步骤:
-预先布置至少一个导线器(100),其被布置用于引导至少一根纺织线(110,110a,110b);
-预先布置移动装置,其被布置成根据至少一个自由度致动所述导线器(100);
-预先布置至少一个刚性支撑件(200,200');
-通过所述移动装置操纵所述导线器(100),以沿着在所述刚性支撑件(200,200')上的至少一个第一轨迹γ1布置所述纺织线(110,110a,110b)的至少一个第一部分;
-通过所述移动装置操纵所述导线器(100),以沿着在所述刚性支撑件(200,200')上的至少一个第二轨迹γ2布置所述纺织线(110,110a,110b)的至少一个第二部分,所述第二轨迹γ2布置成与所述第一轨迹γ1至少在一个交叉点Pi重叠;
-在所述交叉点Pi处将所述纺织线(110,110a,110b)的所述第二部分与所述纺织线(110,110a,110b)的所述第一部分连接;
所述方法的特征在于,所述预先布置至少一个刚性支撑件(200,200’)的步骤提供了预先布置第一刚性支撑件(200)和至少一个第二刚性支撑件(200')的步骤,
-其中辅助张紧点Ti′被布置在所述第二刚性支撑件(200’)上并且其中所述第二轨迹γ2适于通过所述辅助张紧点Ti′,为所述纺织线(110,110a,110b)提供沿着所述第二轨迹γ2的两个连续辅助张紧点Ti′之间的预定张力,
-其中还提供将所述第二刚性支撑件(200')重叠在所述第一刚性支撑件(200)上的步骤,以提供在所述交叉点Pi处将所述纺织线(110,110a,110b)的所述第二部分与所述纺织线(110,110a,110b)的所述第一部分连接的所述步骤。
2.根据权利要求1所述的产生非织造织物(10)的方法,其中在所述交叉点Pi处将所述纺织线(110,110a,110b)的所述第二部分与所述纺织线(110,110a,110b)的所述第一部分连接的所述步骤是通过胶合进行的。
3.根据权利要求1所述的产生非织造织物(10)的方法,其中张紧点Ti被布置在所述第一刚性支撑件(200)上并且其中所述第一轨迹γ1适于通过所述张紧点Ti,为所述纺织线(110,110a,110b)提供沿着所述第一轨迹γ1的两个连续张紧点Ti之间的预定张力。
4.根据权利要求3所述的产生非织造织物(10)的方法,其中还有所述第二轨迹γ2适于通过所述张紧点Ti,为所述纺织线(110,110a,110b)提供沿着所述第二轨迹γ2的两个连续张紧点Ti之间的预定张力。
5.根据权利要求1所述的产生非织造织物(10)的方法,其中所述第一刚性支撑件(200)是弯曲的旋转表面。
6.根据权利要求1或5所述的产生非织造织物(10)的方法,其中所述第二刚性支撑件(200’)是弯曲的旋转表面。
7.根据权利要求1所述的产生非织造织物(10)的方法,其中所述第一刚性支撑件(200)和所述第二刚性支撑件(200')适于旋转以提供在所述第一刚性支撑件(200)上重叠所述第二刚性支撑件(200')的所述步骤。
8.根据权利要求1所述的产生非织造织物(10)的方法,其中所述第一刚性支撑件(200)和所述第二刚性支撑件(200')适于在操纵所述导线器(100)以沿着所述第一轨迹γ1并且沿着所述第二轨迹γ2布置所述纺织线(110,110a,110b)的所述步骤期间旋转。
9.根据权利要求6所述的产生非织造织物(10)的方法,其中所述第一刚性支撑件(200)和所述第二刚性支撑件(200')适于旋转以提供在所述第一刚性支撑件(200)上重叠所述第二刚性支撑件(200')的所述步骤。
10.根据权利要求6所述的产生非织造织物(10)的方法,其中所述第一刚性支撑件(200)和所述第二刚性支撑件(200')适于在操纵所述导线器(100)以沿着所述第一轨迹γ1并且沿着所述第二轨迹γ2布置所述纺织线(110,110a,110b)的所述步骤期间旋转。
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