CN114349299B - Slope protection and method for filter-pressing, dehydrating, purifying and recycling bottom mud - Google Patents
Slope protection and method for filter-pressing, dehydrating, purifying and recycling bottom mud Download PDFInfo
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- CN114349299B CN114349299B CN202111391144.0A CN202111391144A CN114349299B CN 114349299 B CN114349299 B CN 114349299B CN 202111391144 A CN202111391144 A CN 202111391144A CN 114349299 B CN114349299 B CN 114349299B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Abstract
The invention discloses a slope protection and a method for filter-pressing dehydration purification and recycling of bottom mud, wherein the slope protection comprises a slope protection body and a plurality of bottom mud filter-pressing dehydration treatment systems arranged on the slope protection body, and each bottom mud filter-pressing dehydration treatment system comprises a mud-water separation ditch and a sewage treatment ditch which are sequentially arranged on the slope protection body from top to bottom; the mud-water separation ditch is S-shaped, and a plurality of mud retaining dams are distributed in the mud-water separation ditch; the sewage treatment ditch comprises a plurality of horizontal treatment ditches, the highest horizontal treatment ditch is communicated with the tail part of the mud-water separation ditch, soil additives are paved in the horizontal treatment ditches, and the bottom of each horizontal treatment ditch is provided with a precipitation hole. The invention can not only treat the bottom mud, filter press and dewater, but also play a role of ecological slope protection, thereby realizing the purification and reclamation of sewage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological treatment of filter pressing dehydration of bottom sludge, and particularly relates to a slope protection and a method for filter pressing dehydration purification and recycling of bottom sludge.
Background
The existing treatment methods aiming at filter pressing dehydration of the bottom mud are divided into physical, chemical, biological and other methods according to the action principle. Common physical methods include precipitation, filtration, adsorption, and the like; chemical methods include coagulation, neutralization, redox, ion exchange, and the like; the biological method includes aerobic biological treatment, anaerobic biological treatment, photosynthetic bacteria method, etc. The methods require a large number of equipments and facilities, and the biological method has a series of problems such as difficulty in colonization of microorganisms, and thus has insufficient practical applicability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a slope protection and a method for filter-pressing dehydration purification and recycling of bottom sludge, which can treat filter-pressing dehydration of the bottom sludge and play a role of ecological slope protection, thereby realizing purification and recycling of sewage.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
a revetment for filter-pressing dehydration purification and recycling of bottom sludge comprises a revetment body and a plurality of bottom sludge filter-pressing dehydration treatment systems arranged on the revetment body, wherein each bottom sludge filter-pressing dehydration treatment system comprises a sludge-water separation ditch and a sewage treatment ditch which are sequentially arranged on the revetment body from top to bottom;
the mud-water separation ditch is S-shaped, and a plurality of mud retaining dams are distributed in the mud-water separation ditch;
the sewage treatment ditch comprises a plurality of horizontal treatment ditches, the horizontal treatment ditch at the highest position is communicated with the tail part of the mud-water separation ditch, a soil additive is paved in the horizontal treatment ditch, and a precipitation hole is formed in the bottom of the horizontal treatment ditch.
Further, the slope of the slope protection body is 5-10 degrees, and a sediment filter pressing dehydration treatment system is arranged on the slope protection body at intervals of 100-200m.
Further, the mud-water separation ditch comprises a plurality of horizontal separation ditches connected end to end, the length of each horizontal separation ditch is 370-400m, the depth of each horizontal separation ditch is 20-30cm, and the width of each horizontal separation ditch is 25-35cm.
Further, a mud blocking dam is arranged in the mud-water separation ditch at intervals of 1.0-1.2m, the height of the mud blocking dam is 10cm, the width of the mud blocking dam is 8cm, the cross section of the mud blocking dam is trapezoidal, and an included angle between the inclined edge of the trapezoid and the bottom of the mud-water separation ditch is 60-90 degrees.
Further, the length of the horizontal processing groove is 350-360m, the depth is 20-30cm, and the width is 35-40cm.
Further, the precipitation hole is a circular vertical hole, the diameter of the precipitation hole is 3-15cm, and the depth of the precipitation hole is 10-50cm.
Furthermore, the soil additive is one or more of modified fine soil with adsorption and flocculation effects, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and biological flocculant. The used soil additive is a natural additive without biotoxicity, and has simple and convenient preparation and low cost.
The method for purifying and recycling the filter-pressed and dehydrated bottom sediment slope protection comprises the following steps:
the filter pressing dehydration of the bottom mud is discharged into a mud-water separation ditch by a dehydration device, a mud blocking dam blocks sediment in the sewage into the ditch, a part of the sewage enters the soil along with the infiltration effect, and the sewage which is not infiltrated flows into a sewage treatment ditch;
further separating pollutants and water by utilizing the permeation and adsorption of soil in the sewage treatment ditch and the adsorption and flocculation of soil additives, wherein the precipitation holes play a role in assisting precipitation so as to precipitate solid pollutants in the ditch;
when no obvious water is accumulated in the mud-water separation ditch and the sewage treatment ditch, soil is used for burying the two ditches, the slope protection body is covered, slope protection plants are planted simultaneously, sediment and soil additives remained in the ditches are used as slope protection plant fertilizers, and water permeating into the soil provides water for the slope protection plants.
Further, the thickness of the soil covering the slope protection body is 5-10cm.
Further, when slope protection plants are planted, the sowing interval is 2-3cm; the slope protection plant is sowed in a mixed mode of bermuda grass and ryegrass or bermuda grass and tall fescue.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the mud-water separation ditch, a plurality of large organic particles and sediments in the filter-pressing dehydration of the bottom mud can be blocked in the mud-water separation ditch under the action of the mud-blocking dam, and part of sewage permeates into the soil, so that the effect of primarily treating the sewage is achieved;
(2) According to the sewage treatment ditch, the soil additive is added into the ditch, so that the permeation and adsorption of soil and the adsorption and flocculation of the soil additive can be fully utilized, the sewage is further treated, and meanwhile, the sewage treatment ditch and a precipitation hole arranged in the ditch form a parallel plate precipitation device, so that pollutants in the sewage can stay on the surface of the ditch, and the possibility of damage to a river ecological system caused by filter pressing and dewatering discharge of bottom mud is reduced;
(3) According to the invention, when no obvious water is accumulated in the mud-water separation ditch and the sewage treatment ditch, soil is used for burying the two ditches, the slope protection body is covered, slope protection plants are planted simultaneously, the sediment and soil additive remained in the ditches are used as fertilizer for the slope protection plants, water permeating into the soil provides water for the slope protection plants, the nutritive salt is fully utilized while the bottom mud is purified, the filter pressing and the dehydration are carried out, and the effect of slope protection is finally achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a mud dam;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
labeled in the figure as: 1. a mud-water separation ditch; 2. a mud blocking dam; 3. a sewage treatment ditch; 4. a sediment hole; 5. a soil additive.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention but do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-4, this embodiment provides a bank protection for sediment filter-pressing dehydration purification and reclamation, including the bank protection body and locate a plurality of sediment filter-pressing dehydration processing systems on the bank protection body, sediment filter-pressing dehydration processing system includes that top-down locates mud-water separation ditch 1 and sewage treatment ditch 3 on the bank protection body in proper order. Specifically, the slope of the slope protection body ranges from 5 degrees to 10 degrees, and a bottom mud filter-pressing dehydration treatment system is arranged on the slope protection body at intervals of 150 m.
The mud-water separation ditch 1 is S-shaped and comprises three sections of horizontal separation ditches which are connected end to end, wherein the length of each horizontal separation ditch is 380m, the depth of each horizontal separation ditch is 25cm, and the width of each horizontal separation ditch is 30cm. The mud-blocking dam 2 is arranged in the mud-water separation ditch 1 at intervals of 1m, the height of the mud-blocking dam 2 is 10cm, the width of the mud-blocking dam 2 is 8cm, the cross section of the mud-blocking dam 2 is trapezoidal, and the included angle between the inclined edge of the trapezoid and the bottom of the mud-water separation ditch 1 is 60 degrees, so that a part of sediment is blocked in the mud-water separation ditch, and sewage can flow more conveniently.
The sewage treatment ditch 3 comprises 7 horizontal treatment ditches, the highest horizontal treatment ditch is communicated with the tail part of the mud-water separation ditch 1, and each horizontal treatment ditch has the length of 350m, the depth of 25cm and the width of 35cm. The bottom of the horizontal treatment ditch is provided with a precipitation hole 4, the precipitation hole 4 is a circular vertical hole, the diameter is 10cm, and the depth is 35cm. Soil additives 5 with the thickness of 5cm are laid in the horizontal treatment ditches, the soil additives 5 are one or more of modified fine soil with adsorption and flocculation effects, organic fertilizers, compound fertilizers and biological flocculants, and the biological flocculants are adopted in the embodiment.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for purifying and recycling a slope protection by performing filter pressing and dehydration on bottom mud by adopting the slope protection of the embodiment 1, which comprises the following steps:
s1, performing filter pressing dehydration on the bottom mud, and discharging the bottom mud into a mud-water separation ditch through a dehydration device, wherein the water inlet flow is 0.036m 3 And h, the mud blocking dam blocks the sediment in the sewage in the ditch, a part of the sewage enters the soil along with the infiltration effect, and the sewage which is not infiltrated flows into the sewage treatment ditch.
S2, further separating pollutants and water by utilizing the permeation and adsorption action of soil in the sewage treatment ditch and the adsorption and flocculation action of a biological flocculant, wherein the sewage treatment ditch and a sedimentation hole arranged in the ditch form a parallel plate sedimentation device, so that the pollutants in the sewage can be stopped on the surface of the ditch, and the sewage is finally permeated and absorbed by the soil in the ditch.
The preparation method of the biological flocculant comprises the following steps: and (2) pretreating the soil, namely airing and air-drying the excavated soil, removing plastic wastes, animal and plant residues and stones with the particle size of more than 5mm, screening coarse-grained soil with the particle size of 2-5mm by using a vibrating screen machine, and adding 0.5-5% of a conditioner such as natural minerals (vermiculite, perlite and the like) into the coarse-grained soil to obtain the required bioflocculant. The bioflocculant can be used as a soil additive to improve the porosity of sludge, promote the sludge to be in soil and provide fertility for planting slope protection vegetation in the next step.
And S3, when no obvious water is accumulated in the mud-water separation ditch and the sewage treatment ditch, filling two ditches with soil, covering the slope protection body for 5-10cm, planting slope protection plants at the same time, specifically knowing the relation and the matched construction between the covering soil and the sowing, preliminarily selecting a grass seed mixed sowing scheme of mixed sowing bermuda and ryegrass, wherein the sowing interval is 2-3cm, the scheme can play the environment adaptability of different grass seeds, has an obvious effect of intercepting runoff, and the two grass seed mixed sowing schemes are pure plant slope protection measures, so that the environment adaptability is strong, the slope protection greening effect is good, and the survival rate is high. The pollutants, sediments and the like remained in the ditch and the added soil additive can be used as fertilizers of the vegetation, water permeating into the soil can provide water for slope protection plants, the growth of the plants is promoted, and finally the ecological and resource treatment of filter pressing and dewatering of the bottom mud is realized.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a slope protection for filter-pressing dehydration purification and reclamation of bottom sludge, and the structure is the same as that of embodiment 1 except for the following differences.
Each horizontal separation trench of the sludge-water separation trench 1 had a length of 390m, a depth of 25cm and a width of 35cm. The cross section of the mud dam 2 in the mud-water separation ditch 1 is trapezoidal, and the included angle between the inclined edge of the trapezoid and the bottom of the mud-water separation ditch 1 is 60 degrees.
Each horizontal treatment channel of the sewage treatment channel 3 has a length of 360m, a depth of 25cm and a width of 40cm. The diameter of the precipitation hole 4 at the bottom of the horizontal treatment groove is 8cm, and the depth is 30cm. The soil additive 5 laid in the horizontal treatment ditch adopts organic fertilizer.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for purifying and recycling a slope protection by performing filter pressing and dehydration on bottom mud by adopting the slope protection of the embodiment 3, which comprises the following steps:
s1, performing filter pressing dehydration on the bottom mud, and discharging the bottom mud into a mud-water separation ditch through a dehydration device, wherein the inflow rate of water is 0.042m 3 And h, the mud blocking dam blocks the sediment in the sewage in the ditch, a part of the sewage enters the soil along with the infiltration effect, and the sewage which is not infiltrated flows into the sewage treatment ditch.
S2, further separating pollutants and water by utilizing the permeation and adsorption action of soil in the sewage treatment ditch and the adsorption and flocculation action of organic fertilizers, forming a parallel plate precipitation device by utilizing the sewage treatment ditch and a precipitation hole arranged in the ditch, and stopping the pollutants in the sewage on the surface of the ditch, wherein the sewage is finally absorbed by the soil in the ditch in a permeation mode.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: collecting litter (such as dead leaves, dead branches, barks and the like) around the river channel, and crushing the litter to a particle size of less than 10 mm; mixing the leavening agent and fresh rice bran or straw powder according to the proportion of 1: fully mixing the mixture according to the proportion of 10 to obtain fermentation powder, adding urea to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture to the collected withered and fallen objects around the river channel, and adjusting the C/N ratio to 20:1 to 25:1, adjusting the water content of the materials to be 60-65% by water, uniformly stirring, stacking into a cone, arranging a ventilating duct in the middle of a pile body, decomposing soluble organic matters and some complex organic matters by thermophilic bacteria such as bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus and the like at the initial composting stage, namely a temperature rise stage, decomposing simple substances by the thermophilic bacteria such as bacillus, saccharomycetes and the like, releasing heat to raise the temperature, entering a high temperature stage, decomposing soluble organic matters and some complex organic matters by the thermophilic bacteria such as bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus and the like, entering a temperature reduction stage after decomposition, gradually forming humic acid by remaining refractory substances such as lignin and the like, killing a plurality of mixed bacteria at high temperature, adding flocculogenic bacteria (rhizobium radiorhizobium F2, bacillus sphaericus F6) and culture solution (glucose, dipotassium hydrogenphosphate, potassium dihydrogenphosphate, urea, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride and yeast extract) to a material A (uniformly mixed fermentation powder and fertilizer, adding to a withered matter around a river channel, uniformly stirring, obtaining the material A by a composting at low temperature stage and a high temperature stage, fully mixing, and rapidly propagating metabolites with a function, and actively flocculating a large amount of humic acid to form organic fertilizers required by a section. The organic fertilizer has a flocculation function and fertility and provides fertilizer for planting slope protection vegetation in the next step.
And S3, when no obvious water is accumulated in the mud-water separation ditch and the sewage treatment ditch, filling two ditches with soil, covering the slope protection body for 5-10cm, planting slope protection plants at the same time, specifically knowing the relation and the matched construction between the covering soil and the sowing, preliminarily selecting a grass seed mixed sowing scheme of mixed sowing bermuda and ryegrass, wherein the sowing interval is 2-3cm, the scheme can play the environment adaptability of different grass seeds, has an obvious effect of intercepting runoff, and the two grass seed mixed sowing schemes are pure plant slope protection measures, so that the environment adaptability is strong, the slope protection greening effect is good, and the survival rate is high. The pollutants, sediments and the like remained in the ditch and the added soil additive can be used as fertilizers of the vegetation, water permeating into the soil can provide water for slope protection plants, the growth of the plants is promoted, and finally the ecological and resource treatment of filter pressing and dewatering of the bottom mud is realized.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The slope protection for filter-pressing dehydration purification and recycling of the sediment is characterized by comprising a slope protection body and a plurality of sediment filter-pressing dehydration treatment systems arranged on the slope protection body, wherein the slope of the slope protection body is 5 to 10 degrees, and each sediment filter-pressing dehydration treatment system comprises a mud-water separation ditch and a sewage treatment ditch which are sequentially arranged on the slope protection body from top to bottom;
the mud-water separation ditch is S-shaped, and a plurality of mud retaining dams are distributed in the mud-water separation ditch;
the sewage treatment ditch comprises a plurality of horizontal treatment ditches, the highest horizontal treatment ditch is communicated with the tail part of the mud-water separation ditch, a soil additive is paved in the horizontal treatment ditch, and the bottom of the horizontal treatment ditch is provided with a precipitation hole;
the length of the horizontal processing ditch is 350 to 360m, the depth is 20 to 30cm, and the width is 35 to 40cm;
the precipitation hole is a circular vertical hole, the diameter of the precipitation hole is 3-15cm, and the depth of the precipitation hole is 10-50cm.
2. The slope protection for filter-pressing, dehydrating, purifying and recycling of bottom mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein a bottom mud filter-pressing and dehydrating treatment system is arranged on the slope protection body at intervals of 100 to 200m.
3. The slope protection for filter-pressing, dewatering, purifying and recycling of bottom sludge according to claim 1, wherein the mud-water separation ditches comprise a plurality of horizontal separation ditches connected end to end, and each horizontal separation ditch is 370 to 400m long, 20 to 30cm deep and 25 to 35cm wide.
4. The slope protection for filter-pressing, dewatering, purifying and recycling of bottom sediment according to claim 3, wherein a mud blocking dam is arranged in the mud-water separation ditch at intervals of 1.0-1.2m, the height of the mud blocking dam is 10cm, the width of the mud blocking dam is 8cm, the cross section of the mud blocking dam is trapezoidal, and an included angle between a trapezoidal inclined edge and the bottom of the mud-water separation ditch is 60-90 degrees.
5. The slope protection for filter-pressing, dewatering, purifying and recycling of bottom sludge according to claim 1, wherein the soil additive is one or more of modified fine soil with adsorption and flocculation effects, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and biological flocculant.
6. A method for performing filter-pressing dehydration purification and recycling of bottom mud by using the revetment of any of claims 1~5, comprising the steps of:
the filter pressing dehydration of the bottom mud is discharged into a mud-water separation ditch by a dehydration device, a mud blocking dam blocks sediment in the sewage into the ditch, a part of the sewage enters the soil along with the infiltration effect, and the sewage which is not infiltrated flows into a sewage treatment ditch;
the infiltration and adsorption of soil in the sewage treatment ditch and the adsorption and flocculation of soil additives are utilized to further separate pollutants from water, and the precipitation holes play a role in assisting precipitation so as to precipitate solid pollutants in the ditch;
when no obvious water is accumulated in the mud-water separation ditch and the sewage treatment ditch, soil is used for burying the two ditches, the slope protection body is covered, slope protection plants are planted simultaneously, sediment and soil additives remained in the ditches are used as slope protection plant fertilizers, and water permeating into the soil provides water for the slope protection plants.
7. The filter-pressing, dehydrating, purifying and recycling method of the sediment as claimed in claim 6, wherein the thickness of the soil covering the slope protection body is 5-10cm.
8. The method for filter-pressing, dehydrating, purifying and recycling the sediment according to claim 6, wherein the seeding interval is 2 to 3cm when slope protection plants are planted; the slope protection plant is sowed in a mixed mode of bermuda grass and ryegrass or bermuda grass and tall fescue.
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