CN114349299A - Slope protection and method for filter-pressing, dehydrating, purifying and recycling bottom mud - Google Patents
Slope protection and method for filter-pressing, dehydrating, purifying and recycling bottom mud Download PDFInfo
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- CN114349299A CN114349299A CN202111391144.0A CN202111391144A CN114349299A CN 114349299 A CN114349299 A CN 114349299A CN 202111391144 A CN202111391144 A CN 202111391144A CN 114349299 A CN114349299 A CN 114349299A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Abstract
The invention discloses a slope protection and a method for filter-pressing dehydration purification and recycling of bottom mud, wherein the slope protection comprises a slope protection body and a plurality of bottom mud filter-pressing dehydration treatment systems arranged on the slope protection body, and each bottom mud filter-pressing dehydration treatment system comprises a mud-water separation ditch and a sewage treatment ditch which are sequentially arranged on the slope protection body from top to bottom; the mud-water separation ditch is S-shaped, and a plurality of mud retaining dams are distributed in the mud-water separation ditch; the sewage treatment ditch comprises a plurality of horizontal treatment ditches, the highest horizontal treatment ditch is communicated with the tail part of the mud-water separation ditch, soil additives are paved in the horizontal treatment ditches, and the bottom of each horizontal treatment ditch is provided with a precipitation hole. The invention can not only treat the bottom mud, filter press and dewater, but also play a role of ecological slope protection, thereby realizing the purification and reclamation of sewage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological treatment of filter pressing dehydration of bottom sludge, and particularly relates to a slope protection and a method for filter pressing dehydration purification and recycling of bottom sludge.
Background
The existing treatment methods aiming at filter pressing dehydration of the bottom mud are divided into physical, chemical, biological and other methods according to the action principle. Common physical methods include precipitation, filtration, adsorption, and the like; chemical methods include coagulation, neutralization, redox, ion exchange, and the like; the biological method includes aerobic biological treatment, anaerobic biological treatment, photosynthetic bacteria method, etc. The methods require a large number of equipments and facilities, and the biological method has a series of problems such as difficulty in colonization of microorganisms, and thus has insufficient practical applicability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a slope protection and a method for filter-pressing dehydration purification and recycling of bottom sludge, which can treat filter-pressing dehydration of the bottom sludge and play a role of ecological slope protection, thereby realizing purification and recycling of sewage.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
a revetment for filter-pressing dehydration purification and recycling of bottom sludge comprises a revetment body and a plurality of bottom sludge filter-pressing dehydration treatment systems arranged on the revetment body, wherein each bottom sludge filter-pressing dehydration treatment system comprises a sludge-water separation ditch and a sewage treatment ditch which are sequentially arranged on the revetment body from top to bottom;
the mud-water separation ditch is S-shaped, and a plurality of mud blocking dams are distributed in the mud-water separation ditch;
the sewage treatment ditch comprises a plurality of horizontal treatment ditches, the horizontal treatment ditch at the highest position is communicated with the tail part of the mud-water separation ditch, a soil additive is paved in the horizontal treatment ditch, and a precipitation hole is formed in the bottom of the horizontal treatment ditch.
Further, the slope of bank protection body is 5~10 degrees, every interval 100~200m sets up a sediment filter-pressing dehydration processing system on the bank protection body.
Furthermore, the mud-water separation ditch comprises a plurality of horizontal separation ditches connected end to end, the length of each horizontal separation ditch is 370-400 m, the depth is 20-30 cm, and the width is 25-35 cm.
Furthermore, every interval of 1.0-1.2 m sets up a mud-stopping dam in the mud-water separation ditch, the height of mud-stopping dam is 10cm, and the width is 8cm, the cross sectional shape of mud-stopping dam is trapezoidal, and the bottom contained angle of trapezoidal hypotenuse and mud-water separation ditch is 60~ 90.
Furthermore, the length of the horizontal processing groove is 350-360 m, the depth is 20-30 cm, and the width is 35-40 cm.
Furthermore, the precipitation holes are circular vertical holes, the diameter of each precipitation hole is 3-15 cm, and the depth of each precipitation hole is 10-50 cm.
Furthermore, the soil additive is one or more of modified fine soil with adsorption and flocculation effects, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and biological flocculant. The used soil additive is a natural additive without biotoxicity, and has simple and convenient preparation and low cost.
The method for purifying and recycling the filter-pressed and dehydrated bottom sediment slope protection comprises the following steps:
the filter pressing dehydration of the bottom mud is discharged into a mud-water separation ditch by a dehydration device, a mud blocking dam blocks sediment in the sewage into the ditch, a part of the sewage enters the soil along with the infiltration effect, and the sewage which is not infiltrated flows into a sewage treatment ditch;
further separating pollutants and water by utilizing the permeation and adsorption of soil in the sewage treatment ditch and the adsorption and flocculation of soil additives, wherein the precipitation holes play a role in assisting precipitation so as to precipitate solid pollutants in the ditch;
when no obvious water is accumulated in the mud-water separation ditch and the sewage treatment ditch, soil is used for burying the two ditches, the slope protection body is covered, slope protection plants are planted simultaneously, sediment and soil additives remained in the ditches are used as slope protection plant fertilizers, and water permeating into the soil provides water for the slope protection plants.
Further, the thickness of the soil covering the slope protection body is 5-10 cm.
Further, when slope protection plants are planted, the sowing interval is 2-3 cm; the slope protection plant is sowed in a mixed mode of bermuda grass and ryegrass or bermuda grass and tall fescue.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the mud-water separation ditch, a plurality of large organic particles and sediments in the filter-pressed and dewatered bottom mud can be blocked in the mud-water separation ditch through the action of the mud blocking dam, and part of sewage permeates into soil, so that the effect of primarily treating the sewage is achieved;
(2) according to the sewage treatment ditch, the soil additive is added into the ditch, so that the permeation and adsorption of soil and the adsorption and flocculation of the soil additive can be fully utilized, the sewage is further treated, and meanwhile, the sewage treatment ditch and a precipitation hole arranged in the ditch form a parallel plate precipitation device, so that pollutants in the sewage can stay on the surface of the ditch, and the possibility of damage to a river ecological system caused by filter pressing and dewatering discharge of bottom mud is reduced;
(3) according to the invention, when no obvious water is accumulated in the mud-water separation ditch and the sewage treatment ditch, soil is used for burying the two ditches, the slope protection body is covered, slope protection plants are planted simultaneously, the sediment and soil additive remained in the ditches are used as fertilizer for the slope protection plants, water permeating into the soil provides water for the slope protection plants, the nutritive salt is fully utilized while the bottom mud is purified, the filter pressing and the dehydration are carried out, and the effect of slope protection is finally achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a mud dam;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
labeled as: 1. a mud-water separation ditch; 2. a mud blocking dam; 3. a sewage treatment ditch; 4. a sediment hole; 5. a soil additive.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention but do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-4, this embodiment provides a bank protection that is used for sediment filter-pressing dehydration to purify and resourceization, includes the bank protection body and locates a plurality of sediment filter-pressing dehydration processing systems on the bank protection body, sediment filter-pressing dehydration processing system includes that top-down locates mud-water separation ditch 1 and sewage treatment ditch 3 on the bank protection body in proper order. Specifically, the slope of slope protection body is 5~10, and every interval 150m sets up a sediment filter-pressing dehydration processing system on the slope protection body.
The mud-water separation ditch 1 is S-shaped and comprises three sections of horizontal separation ditches which are connected end to end, wherein the length of each horizontal separation ditch is 380m, the depth of each horizontal separation ditch is 25cm, and the width of each horizontal separation ditch is 30 cm. The mud-blocking dam 2 is arranged in the mud-water separation ditch 1 at intervals of 1m, the height of the mud-blocking dam 2 is 10cm, the width of the mud-blocking dam 2 is 8cm, the cross section of the mud-blocking dam 2 is trapezoidal, and the included angle between the inclined edge of the trapezoid and the bottom of the mud-water separation ditch 1 is 60 degrees, so that a part of sediment is blocked in the mud-water separation ditch, and sewage can flow more conveniently.
The sewage treatment ditch 3 comprises 7 horizontal treatment ditches, the highest horizontal treatment ditch is communicated with the tail part of the mud-water separation ditch 1, and each horizontal treatment ditch has the length of 350m, the depth of 25cm and the width of 35 cm. The bottom of the horizontal treatment ditch is provided with a precipitation hole 4, the precipitation hole 4 is a circular vertical hole, the diameter is 10cm, and the depth is 35 cm. Soil additives 5 with the thickness of 5cm are laid in the horizontal treatment ditches, the soil additives 5 are one or more of modified fine soil with adsorption and flocculation effects, organic fertilizers, compound fertilizers and biological flocculants, and the biological flocculants are adopted in the embodiment.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for purifying and recycling a slope protection by performing filter pressing and dehydration on bottom mud by adopting the slope protection of the embodiment 1, which comprises the following steps:
s1, discharging the bottom mud into a mud-water separation ditch through a dewatering device in a filter pressing dewatering way, wherein the water inlet flow rate is 0.036m3And h, the mud blocking dam blocks the sediment in the sewage in the ditch, a part of the sewage enters the soil along with the infiltration effect, and the sewage which is not infiltrated flows into the sewage treatment ditch.
S2, further separating pollutants and water by utilizing the permeation and adsorption of soil in the sewage treatment ditch and the adsorption and flocculation of a biological flocculant, wherein the sewage treatment ditch and a sedimentation hole arranged in the ditch form a parallel plate sedimentation device, so that the pollutants in the sewage can stay on the surface of the ditch, and the sewage is finally permeated and absorbed by the soil in the ditch.
The preparation method of the biological flocculant comprises the following steps: the soil is pretreated, the excavated soil is aired and dried, plastic wastes, animal and plant residues and stones with the particle size larger than 5mm are removed, coarse-grained soil with the particle size of 2-5 mm is screened out through a vibrating screen machine, and 0.5-5% of conditioner such as natural minerals (vermiculite, perlite and the like) is added into the coarse-grained soil to obtain the required biological flocculant. The bioflocculant can be used as a soil additive to improve the porosity of sludge, promote the sludge to be in soil and provide fertility for planting slope protection vegetation in the next step.
S3, when no obvious water is accumulated in the mud-water separation ditch and the sewage treatment ditch, two ditches are filled with soil, the slope protection body is covered by 5-10 cm, slope protection plants are planted simultaneously, the relation and the matched construction between the covering soil and the sowing are specifically known, a grass seed mixed sowing scheme of mixed sowing of bermuda grass and ryegrass is preliminarily selected, the sowing interval is 2-3 cm, the scheme can play the environmental adaptability of different grass seeds, the runoff interception effect is obvious, the two grass seed mixed sowing schemes are pure plant slope protection measures, the environmental adaptability is strong, the slope protection greening effect is good, and the survival rate is high. The pollutants, sediments and the like remained in the ditch and the added soil additive can be used as fertilizers of the vegetation, water permeating into the soil can provide water for slope protection plants, the growth of the plants is promoted, and finally the ecological and resource treatment of filter pressing and dewatering of the bottom mud is realized.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a slope protection for filter-pressing dehydration purification and reclamation of bottom sludge, and the structure is the same as that of embodiment 1 except for the following differences.
Each horizontal separation trench of the muddy water separation trench 1 had a length of 390m, a depth of 25cm and a width of 35 cm. The cross section of the mud dam 2 in the mud-water separation ditch 1 is trapezoidal, and the included angle between the inclined edge of the trapezoid and the bottom of the mud-water separation ditch 1 is 60 degrees.
Each horizontal treatment channel of the sewage treatment channel 3 has a length of 360m, a depth of 25cm and a width of 40 cm. The diameter of the sedimentation hole 4 at the bottom of the horizontal treatment groove is 8cm, and the depth is 30 cm. The soil additive 5 laid in the horizontal treatment ditch adopts organic fertilizer.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for purifying and recycling a slope protection by performing filter pressing and dehydration on bottom mud by adopting the slope protection of the embodiment 3, which comprises the following steps:
s1, discharging the bottom mud into a mud-water separation ditch through a dewatering device in a filter pressing and dewatering manner, wherein the water inlet flow rate is 0.042m3And h, the mud blocking dam blocks the sediment in the sewage in the ditch, a part of the sewage enters the soil along with the infiltration effect, and the sewage which is not infiltrated flows into the sewage treatment ditch.
S2, further separating pollutants and water by utilizing the permeation and adsorption of soil in the sewage treatment ditch and the adsorption and flocculation of organic fertilizers, wherein the sewage treatment ditch and a precipitation hole arranged in the ditch form a parallel plate precipitation device, so that the pollutants in the sewage can be stopped on the surface of the ditch, and the sewage is finally absorbed by the soil in the ditch in a permeation manner.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: collecting litter (such as dead leaves, dead branches, bark, etc.) around the river, and crushing to particle size of 10 mm; mixing the leavening agent and fresh rice bran or straw powder according to the proportion of 1: fully mixing the mixture according to the proportion of 10 to obtain fermentation powder, adding urea to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture to the collected withered and fallen objects around the river channel, and adjusting the C/N ratio to 20: 1-25: 1, adjusting the water content of the materials to 60-65% by water, uniformly stirring, piling into a cone, arranging a ventilating duct in the middle of a pile body, decomposing soluble organic matters and some complex organic matters by thermophilic bacteria such as bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus and the like at the initial stage of composting, namely a temperature rise stage, decomposing simple substances by mesophilic bacteria such as bacillus, saccharomycetes and the like, releasing heat to raise the temperature, entering a high temperature stage, decomposing soluble organic matters and some complex organic matters by thermophilic bacteria such as bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus and the like, entering a temperature reduction stage after decomposition, gradually forming humic acid by remaining refractory substances such as lignin and the like, killing a plurality of mixed bacteria at high temperature, adding flocculogenic bacteria (rhizobia F2, spherical bacillus F6) and culture solution (glucose, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride and yeast extract) into a material A (uniformly mixed fermentation powder and fertilizer are added into dried sediment around a river course, after the materials are uniformly stirred, the materials A) are obtained through a composting low-temperature stage and a composting high-temperature stage, the materials A) are fully mixed, the flocculent bacteria are rapidly propagated and secrete metabolites with flocculation functions, and after a period of time, the mesophilic bacteria begin to be activated to form a large amount of humic acid and organic salt, so that the required organic fertilizer is obtained. The organic fertilizer has a flocculation function and fertility and provides fertilizer for planting slope protection vegetation in the next step.
S3, when no obvious water is accumulated in the mud-water separation ditch and the sewage treatment ditch, two ditches are filled with soil, the slope protection body is covered by 5-10 cm, slope protection plants are planted simultaneously, the relation and the matched construction between the covering soil and the sowing are specifically known, a grass seed mixed sowing scheme of mixed sowing of bermuda grass and ryegrass is preliminarily selected, the sowing interval is 2-3 cm, the scheme can play the environmental adaptability of different grass seeds, the runoff interception effect is obvious, the two grass seed mixed sowing schemes are pure plant slope protection measures, the environmental adaptability is strong, the slope protection greening effect is good, and the survival rate is high. The pollutants, sediments and the like remained in the ditch and the added soil additive can be used as fertilizers of the vegetation, water permeating into the soil can provide water for slope protection plants, the growth of the plants is promoted, and finally the ecological and resource treatment of filter pressing and dewatering of the bottom mud is realized.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A revetment for filter-pressing dehydration purification and recycling of bottom sludge is characterized by comprising a revetment body and a plurality of bottom sludge filter-pressing dehydration treatment systems arranged on the revetment body, wherein each bottom sludge filter-pressing dehydration treatment system comprises a sludge-water separation ditch and a sewage treatment ditch which are sequentially arranged on the revetment body from top to bottom;
the mud-water separation ditch is S-shaped, and a plurality of mud blocking dams are distributed in the mud-water separation ditch;
the sewage treatment ditch comprises a plurality of horizontal treatment ditches, the horizontal treatment ditch at the highest position is communicated with the tail part of the mud-water separation ditch, a soil additive is paved in the horizontal treatment ditch, and a precipitation hole is formed in the bottom of the horizontal treatment ditch.
2. The slope protection for filter-pressing, dewatering, purifying and recycling of bottom sludge according to claim 1, wherein the slope of the slope protection body is 5-10 degrees, and a bottom sludge filter-pressing and dewatering treatment system is arranged on the slope protection body at intervals of 100-200 m.
3. The slope protection for filter-pressing, dewatering, purifying and recycling of bottom sludge according to claim 1, wherein the mud-water separation ditches comprise a plurality of horizontal separation ditches connected end to end, each horizontal separation ditch has a length of 370-400 m, a depth of 20-30 cm and a width of 25-35 cm.
4. The revetment for filter-pressing, dewatering, purifying and recycling of sediment according to claim 3, wherein a mud dam is arranged in the mud-water separation trench at an interval of 1.0-1.2 m, the height of the mud dam is 10cm, the width of the mud dam is 8cm, the cross section of the mud dam is trapezoidal, and an included angle between a trapezoidal inclined edge and the bottom of the mud-water separation trench is 60-90 °.
5. The slope protection for filter-pressing, dewatering, purifying and recycling of bottom sludge according to claim 1, wherein the length of the horizontal treatment trench is 350-360 m, the depth is 20-30 cm, and the width is 35-40 cm.
6. The slope protection for filter-pressing, dewatering, purifying and recycling of bottom sludge according to claim 5, wherein the settling hole is a circular vertical hole, the diameter is 3-15 cm, and the depth is 10-50 cm.
7. The slope protection for filter-pressing, dewatering, purifying and recycling of bottom sludge according to claim 1, wherein the soil additive is one or more of modified fine soil with adsorption and flocculation effects, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and biological flocculant.
8. A method for performing filter-pressing dehydration purification and recycling of bottom mud by using the revetment according to any of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps:
the filter pressing dehydration of the bottom mud is discharged into a mud-water separation ditch by a dehydration device, a mud blocking dam blocks sediment in the sewage into the ditch, a part of the sewage enters the soil along with the infiltration effect, and the sewage which is not infiltrated flows into a sewage treatment ditch;
further separating pollutants and water by utilizing the permeation and adsorption of soil in the sewage treatment ditch and the adsorption and flocculation of soil additives, wherein the precipitation holes play a role in assisting precipitation so as to precipitate solid pollutants in the ditch;
when no obvious water is accumulated in the mud-water separation ditch and the sewage treatment ditch, soil is used for burying the two ditches, the slope protection body is covered, slope protection plants are planted simultaneously, sediment and soil additives remained in the ditches are used as slope protection plant fertilizers, and water permeating into the soil provides water for the slope protection plants.
9. The method for filter-pressing, dewatering, purifying and recycling the sediment as claimed in claim 8, wherein the thickness of the soil covering the slope protection body is 5-10 cm.
10. The method for filter-pressing, dewatering, purifying and recycling the sediment according to claim 8, wherein the seeding interval is 2-3 cm when slope protection plants are planted; the slope protection plant is sowed in a mixed mode of bermuda grass and ryegrass or bermuda grass and tall fescue.
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