CN114346518A - Application of flux-cored solder and brazing method - Google Patents
Application of flux-cored solder and brazing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114346518A CN114346518A CN202111467075.7A CN202111467075A CN114346518A CN 114346518 A CN114346518 A CN 114346518A CN 202111467075 A CN202111467075 A CN 202111467075A CN 114346518 A CN114346518 A CN 114346518A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of brazing of motor aluminum coils, in particular to application and a brazing method of a flux-cored brazing filler metal. The flux-cored soldering lug body is pre-arranged between the faying surfaces of the objects to be brazed, the objects to be brazed with the flux-cored soldering lug body are clamped and fixed by resistance soldering tongs of a resistance soldering machine, heating is started, the heating is stopped after the brazing filler metal is melted and climbs, the pressure is kept, and then the resistance soldering tongs are released. The invention adjusts the brazing standard, realizes the connection of resistance brazing aluminum coils in the atmosphere, reduces the dislocation, overburning and melting of joints, ensures the consistency of brazing quality, improves the aluminum brazing efficiency and achieves the purposes of reducing cost and improving efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of motor aluminum coil brazing, in particular to application of a flux-cored brazing filler metal and a brazing method.
Background
The copper coil of the motor stator generally adopts a hard winding, and is one of the most promising winding development directions. The stator copper hard winding is simple in wiring mode and low in manufacturing cost, and is widely applied to the field of motor stators of high-speed rails, motor cars, locomotives, city-scale subways, wind power and the like. The hard winding copper coil connecting line generally adopts a self-soldering agent copper-based copper-phosphorus solder BCu80AgP (strip or sheet), the solder has good flowing spreadability, the solidus is 645 ℃, the liquidus is 800 ℃, a larger temperature step is separated from the melting point of pure copper of 1083 ℃, the risk of overburning and melting of a copper base metal cannot occur, the soldering method adopts safe and reliable resistance soldering with controllable temperature and soldering in an atmospheric environment, and the phenomena of sparking, splashing and the like cannot occur in the soldering process because soldering flux does not need to be additionally added, so that the efficiency is high, and the quality consistency is good.
With the coming of the trend of cost reduction and efficiency improvement in the wind power industry, pure aluminum coils are adopted for coil design, 300-500 hard winding aluminum coils are unequal for each direct-drive motor stator winding, and if the aluminum coils are brazed by adopting Al-Si flux-cored welding rods 1 or preset brazing flux 2 for the household appliance industry or vacuum brazing. The specific steps of the two schemes are as follows: (1) an Al-Si flux-cored welding rod 1 (shown in a figure 1 (A)) is bent into a V shape, two V-shaped brazing filler metals are inserted together (shown in a figure 1 (B)), and are placed between two aluminum wires 3 (or aluminum conducting bars) to be brazed (shown in a figure 1 (C)), and flame brazing or medium-frequency induction brazing is carried out; (2) adding brazing flux 2 between two aluminum wires 3 (or aluminum conducting bars) to be brazed (as shown in figure 1 (D)), performing flame brazing or medium-frequency induction brazing, heating to the brazing temperature, and adding Al-Si solid brazing strips on line for brazing.
Because the solidus line of the Al-Si welding rod is 575 ℃, the liquidus line is 630 ℃, the melting point of the pure aluminum is very close to 660 ℃, the aluminum is easy to oxidize, a soldering flux 2 is needed for soldering in the atmosphere, and if the soldering method adopts flame soldering or medium-frequency induction soldering, the splashing is large, operators are easy to scald, the coil insulation is burnt, and the temperature is uncontrollable. In addition, flame brazing or intermediate frequency induction soldered joint can't fix a position, and the back of welding connects dislocation, welds the yellow-colored many, the brazing flux remains many, and the work load of polishing is big. In particular, the occurrence of individual coil dislocation, over-error, local over-burning or melting brings huge rework amount, which is not allowed in field production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides application of a flux-cored solder and a soldering method, aiming at solving various problems of the existing pure aluminum coil soldering.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the flux-cored brazing filler metal comprises a flaky flux-cored welding piece body, wherein the flux-cored welding piece body comprises a flaky flux core and an alloy metal skin coated outside the flux core.
As a further improvement of the application technical scheme of the invention, the alloy metal sheet is made of Zn-Al alloy.
As a further improvement of the application technical scheme of the invention, the flux core is made of cesium fluoroaluminate.
As a further improvement of the application technical scheme of the invention, the content of cesium fluoroaluminate in the flux-cored soldering lug body is 10-20 wt%.
As a further improvement of the application technical scheme of the invention, the thickness of the flux-cored welding sheet body is smaller than 1/5 of the width.
As a further improvement of the application technical scheme of the invention, the target to be brazed of the resistance brazing is the motor aluminum coil.
The invention further provides a brazing method of the flux-cored brazing filler metal for resistance brazing, the flux-cored brazing filler metal adopted by the brazing method comprises a flaky flux-cored soldering lug body, and the flux-cored soldering lug body comprises a flaky flux core and an alloy metal skin coated outside the flux core;
the brazing method comprises the following steps:
adjusting the lap joint length between targets to be brazed, and cutting a flux-cored welding piece body according to the lap joint area to require that the flux-cored welding piece body is positioned in a lap joint surface;
and (II) pre-arranging the cut flux-cored soldering lug body between the faying surfaces of the objects to be brazed, clamping and fixing the objects to be brazed with the flux-cored soldering lug body by using resistance soldering tongs of a resistance soldering machine, starting heating, stopping heating after the brazing filler metal melts and climbs, keeping pressure, and loosening the resistance soldering tongs.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the brazing method, the alloy metal sheet is made of Zn-Al alloy, and the flux core is made of cesium fluoroaluminate.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the brazing method, the target motor aluminum coil to be brazed is adopted.
The technical scheme of the brazing method is further improved, in the brazing method, the welding current of a resistance brazing machine is 25-55A, the welding period is 30ms, and the rest period is 2 ms.
Compared with the prior art, the application and the brazing method of the flux-cored brazing filler metal have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the medium-temperature Zn-Al flux-cored soldering lug is applied to soldering of the aluminum coil of the motor, the soldering temperature is reduced, the waste of overflowing and splashing of soldering solder, scalding of operators, burning loss of coil insulation, overburning or melting of base metal, soldering, polishing and the like are avoided, the solder is saved, the soldering safety is ensured, the control of heating and dislocation by the operators is facilitated, and the high-efficiency method is suitable for soldering in the atmosphere and has no need of importance.
(2) The invention adjusts the brazing standard, realizes the connection of resistance brazing aluminum coils in the atmosphere, reduces the dislocation, overburning and melting of joints, ensures the consistency of brazing quality, improves the aluminum brazing efficiency and achieves the purposes of reducing cost and improving efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of aluminum coil brazing using an Al-Si cored electrode or flux pre-placement.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the flux-cored welding piece body.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the flux cored soldering lug body and an aluminum wire to be soldered.
In the figure: 1-Al-Si flux-cored welding rod, 2-brazing flux, 3-aluminum wire to be brazed, 4-flux-cored welding lug body, 401-flux core, 402-alloy metal skin.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides application of a flux-cored brazing filler metal in resistance brazing, wherein the flux-cored brazing filler metal comprises a flaky flux-cored welding lug body 4, and the flux-cored welding lug body comprises a flaky flux core 401 and an alloy metal skin 402 coated outside the flux core 401.
When the target of resistance brazing is an aluminum coil of a motor, the alloy metal sheet 402 is made of Zn-Al alloy, and the flux core 401 is made of cesium fluoroaluminate. The flux-cored welding lug body provided by the embodiment belongs to a medium-temperature Zn-Al flux-cored welding lug, is applied to brazing of an aluminum coil of a motor, can realize resistance brazing in the atmosphere, is convenient for controlling brazing temperature, reduces splashing, avoids scalding of an operator, insulating burning loss of the coil and local melting of an aluminum base metal body, improves brazing efficiency and ensures the consistency of brazing quality.
In one embodiment of the present invention, cesium fluoroaluminate (AlCsF) is contained in the flux cored wire body 44) The content of (B) is 10-20 wt%.
In order to increase the effective contact area between the flux core lug body 4 and the object to be brazed during brazing and to increase heat transfer, the thickness a of the flux core lug body 4 is smaller than 1/5 of the width b.
The invention also provides a brazing method of the flux-cored solder for resistance brazing, the flux-cored solder adopted by the brazing method comprises a flaky flux-cored soldering lug body 4, and the flux-cored soldering lug body comprises a flaky flux core 401 and an alloy metal skin 402 coated outside the flux core 401;
the brazing method comprises the following steps:
adjusting the lap joint length between the targets to be brazed, and cutting the flux-cored welding sheet body 4 according to the lap joint area, wherein the flux-cored welding sheet body 4 is required to be positioned in the lap joint surface;
and (II) pre-arranging the cut flux-cored soldering lug body 4 between the faying surfaces of the objects to be brazed, clamping and fixing the objects to be brazed with the flux-cored soldering lug body 4 by using resistance soldering tongs of a resistance soldering machine, starting heating, stopping heating after the brazing filler metal melts and climbs, keeping pressure, and loosening the resistance soldering tongs.
In the present invention, the flux cored welding lug body 4 is required to be positioned inside the faying surface, as shown in fig. 3, the flux cored welding lug body 4 is slightly smaller than the periphery of the faying surface, so as to prevent the brazing filler metal from overflowing and losing after heating, scalding operators or burning coil insulation, and reducing welding loss. Specifically, the cut flux-cored soldering lug body 4 is pre-arranged in the center of the lapping surface of the target to be brazed.
When the alloy metal skin 402 in the flux-cored soldering lug body 4 is made of Zn-Al alloy, the flux core 401 is made of cesium fluoroaluminate, and the target motor aluminum coil to be brazed is obtained, in the brazing method, the welding current of a resistance brazing machine is 25-55A, the welding period is 30ms, and the rest period is 2 ms.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail by the following specific examples.
Examples
The invention further provides a specific embodiment of the brazing method of the flux-cored solder for resistance brazing, which comprises the following steps:
1. preparing a preset Zn-Al flux-cored welding piece body 4:
1.1, the flux-cored wire is purchased and obtained according to the following technical requirements:
solder alloy type (alloy metal skin 402): S-Zn98 Al;
flux (core 401): cesium fluoroaluminate (AlCsF)4) The content is as follows: 10-20 wt%;
the specification of the flux-cored wire is as follows: phi 6.0-7.0 mm (specific specification, selected according to specific embodiment).
The specific cross-sectional shape of the traditional Chinese medicine cored wire in the embodiment is shown in fig. 1 (a).
1.2, preparing the flux-cored wire into a flaky flux-cored welding piece body 4 with the required specification:
firstly, rolling a flux-cored wire with the diameter of 6.0mm to a flux-cored welding piece with the thickness of 5mm and the width of 7mm in two passes by using a two-roll mill;
secondly, rolling the flux-cored soldering lug with the thickness of 5mm and the width of 7mm to the flux-cored soldering lug with the thickness of 3mm and the width of 8.5mm by four passes through a two-roll mill;
thirdly, the flux-cored soldering lug with the thickness of 3mm and the width of 8.5mm is rolled to the flux-cored soldering lug with the thickness of 1mm and the width of 9.7mm in four passes by a two-roll mill;
fourthly, rolling the flux-cored soldering lug with the thickness of 0.7mm and the width of 10mm by a four-roller mill from the flux-cored soldering lug with the thickness of 1mm and the width of 9.7mm, wherein the specific section shape of the flux-cored soldering lug is shown in figure 2.
2. Presetting of a Zn-Al flux-cored soldering lug body 4:
polishing a small parallel head of a certain type of direct-drive wind power stator wire gauge with the length of 6.24 multiplied by 12.5mm, wherein the polishing length is an overlap length L =25mm and a region around the overlap length L =25mm, cleaning oil stain and the like by using alcohol after polishing, and wiping the oil stain and the like by using white cloth. The adjustment is waited to braze aluminium wire 3, and overlap joint length L =25mm, according to aluminium wire overlap joint area (12.5 x 25 mm), cuts out 10 x 23 mm's that thickness is 0.7mm Zn-Al flux core soldering lug body 4, requires that the flux core soldering lug is slightly less all around than the faying surface to brazing filler metal overflow runs off after the heating, scalds operative employee or burns and decreases the coil insulation, reduces and welds the yellow-colored. And pre-placing the cut flux-cored soldering lug in the center of the faying surface to be brazed.
3. Resistance brazing:
and adjusting the resistance brazing machine to a hard standard mode A, wherein the welding current is 25-55A, the welding period is 30ms, and the rest period is 2 ms. And fixing the small parallel head of the aluminum conductor to be brazed by using the natural clamping force of the resistance soldering pliers, stepping on a pedal switch to start heating, stopping heating after the brazing filler metal is molten and climbs, and loosening the soldering pliers after the pressure is kept for 10 s.
The model of the resistance brazing machine adopted in the embodiment is QS-80TW, and a manufacturer is a research institute of Chengdu electric welding machines of mechanical departments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The flux-cored solder comprises a flux-cored welding lug body (4) in a sheet shape, wherein the flux-cored welding lug body comprises a flux core (401) in a sheet shape and an alloy metal skin (402) coated outside the flux core (401).
2. Use according to claim 1, wherein the alloy skin (402) is made of a Zn-Al alloy.
3. Use according to claim 2, wherein the core (401) is made of cesium fluoroaluminate.
4. The use according to claim 3, wherein the flux cored soldering lug body (4) has a cesium fluoroaluminate content of 10 to 20 wt%.
5. The use according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein the thickness (a) of the flux cored soldering lug body (4) is smaller than 1/5 of the width (b).
6. The use according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein the target to be brazed for resistance brazing is an electrical machine aluminum coil.
7. The brazing method of the flux-cored solder for resistance brazing is characterized in that the flux-cored solder adopted by the brazing method comprises a flaky flux-cored soldering lug body (4), wherein the flux-cored soldering lug body comprises a flaky flux core (401) and an alloy metal skin (402) coated outside the flux core (401);
the brazing method comprises the following steps:
adjusting the lap joint length between the targets to be brazed, and cutting the flux-cored welding sheet body (4) according to the lap joint area, wherein the flux-cored welding sheet body (4) is required to be positioned in the lap joint surface;
and (II) presetting the cut flux-cored soldering lug body (4) between the faying surfaces of the objects to be brazed, clamping and fixing the objects to be brazed with the flux-cored soldering lug body (4) by using resistance soldering tongs of a resistance soldering machine, starting heating, stopping heating after the brazing filler metal melts and climbs, keeping pressure, and loosening the resistance soldering tongs.
8. The method for brazing the flux core filler metal for resistance brazing according to claim 7, wherein the alloy metal sheath (402) is made of Zn-Al alloy, and the flux core (401) is made of cesium fluoroaluminate.
9. The method for brazing the flux cored solder for resistance brazing according to claim 7, wherein the target motor aluminum coil to be brazed is.
10. The method for brazing the flux cored solder for resistance brazing according to claim 7, wherein in the brazing method, the welding current of the resistance brazing machine is 25 to 55A, the welding period is 30ms, and the rest period is 2 ms.
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| CN202111467075.7A CN114346518A (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Application of flux-cored solder and brazing method |
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| CN202111467075.7A CN114346518A (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Application of flux-cored solder and brazing method |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000343275A (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2000-12-12 | Shinko Alcoa Yuso Kizai Kk | Brazing filler metal, and flux for brazing aluminum or aluminum alloy |
| CN101358311A (en) * | 2007-07-19 | 2009-02-04 | 古河Sky株式会社 | Aluminum alloy brazing sheet having high-strength and production method therefore |
| CN102581508A (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏科技大学 | Intermediate-temperature zinc-aluminum soldering wire |
| CN104972242A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-10-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Self soldering flux-cored wire for aluminum/steel melt-soldering |
| CN110539046A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-12-06 | 江苏中车电机有限公司 | Large-area lap joint resistance brazing method for copper or copper alloy thick plate |
| CN111843293A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-10-30 | 江苏大学 | Oxidized self-protection flux-cored wire and application |
| CN113579555A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-11-02 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Zinc-aluminum flux-cored brazing filler metal for copper-aluminum brazing and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-12-03 CN CN202111467075.7A patent/CN114346518A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000343275A (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2000-12-12 | Shinko Alcoa Yuso Kizai Kk | Brazing filler metal, and flux for brazing aluminum or aluminum alloy |
| CN101358311A (en) * | 2007-07-19 | 2009-02-04 | 古河Sky株式会社 | Aluminum alloy brazing sheet having high-strength and production method therefore |
| CN102581508A (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏科技大学 | Intermediate-temperature zinc-aluminum soldering wire |
| CN104972242A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-10-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Self soldering flux-cored wire for aluminum/steel melt-soldering |
| CN110539046A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-12-06 | 江苏中车电机有限公司 | Large-area lap joint resistance brazing method for copper or copper alloy thick plate |
| CN111843293A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-10-30 | 江苏大学 | Oxidized self-protection flux-cored wire and application |
| CN113579555A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-11-02 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Zinc-aluminum flux-cored brazing filler metal for copper-aluminum brazing and preparation method thereof |
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