CN114271166A - Method for planting Chinese herbal medicine for rooting for many years on severe saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Method for planting Chinese herbal medicine for rooting for many years on severe saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN114271166A CN114271166A CN202210029689.5A CN202210029689A CN114271166A CN 114271166 A CN114271166 A CN 114271166A CN 202210029689 A CN202210029689 A CN 202210029689A CN 114271166 A CN114271166 A CN 114271166A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 235000006200 Glycyrrhiza glabra Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000001453 Glycyrrhiza echinata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000017382 Glycyrrhiza lepidota Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940010454 licorice Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000004534 Scutellaria baicalensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017089 Scutellaria baicalensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001061264 Astragalus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006533 astragalus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004233 talus Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000004670 Glycyrrhiza echinata Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000229182 Ledebouriella seseloides Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 10
- 244000303040 Glycyrrhiza glabra Species 0.000 description 9
- LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N glycyrrhizinic acid Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1C([C@H]2[C@]([C@@H]3[C@@]([C@@]4(CC[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@](C)(C[C@H]5C4=CC3=O)C(O)=O)C)(C)CC2)(C)CC1)(C)C)C(O)=O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000011477 liquorice Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 241000202807 Glycyrrhiza Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000202726 Bupleurum Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000229179 Ledebouriella Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001180876 Saposhnikovia Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000207929 Scutellaria Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000510654 Bupleurum chinense Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000213015 Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000008917 Glycyrrhiza uralensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000554 Glycyrrhiza uralensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017443 Hedysarum boreale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007858 Hedysarum occidentale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000009636 Huang Qi Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001180873 Saposhnikovia divaricata Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001947 glycyrrhiza glabra rhizome/root Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 salt ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A method for planting Chinese herbal medicine for rooting for many years in severe saline-alkali soil relates to a method for planting Chinese herbal medicine in saline-alkali soil. The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the traditional Chinese herbal medicine for rooting for many years is stressed by severe salt and alkali on severe saline-alkali land, so that seeds are not easy to germinate, seedlings grow slowly, and the activity of root systems is reduced. According to the characteristic of vertical growth of lateral roots of the Chinese herbal medicines, the severe saline-alkali soil is improved by using the aeolian sandy soil through the characteristic of vegetative propagation, so that the method is suitable for large-area popularization and planting of the Chinese herbal medicines; effectively reduced the requirement to covering husky thickness on the one hand, on the other hand solved the problem that the root is pricked too deeply at saline and alkaline soil layer can't survive to the chinese herbal medicine main root, through being convenient for acquire the chinese herbal medicine root system of utilizing with main root horizontal planting, reduce the disturbance to soil depth, avoid a large amount of saline and alkaline ion problems that rise. The invention utilizes the biological principle, avoids the migration of saline-alkali ions to surface soil, has low cost, is easy to popularize and has later economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for planting Chinese herbal medicines in saline-alkali soil.
Background
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis), ledebouriella root (Saposhnikovia divaricata), Bupleurum root (Bupleurum scorzonerifolium), Scutellaria baicalensis (Scutellaria basilica), Astragalus root (Astragalus propinquus) and the like belong to perennial plants, are distributed in northeast, northwest China and the like, and roots or rhizomes of the plants can be used as medicines, so that the medicine has the curative effects of clearing heat and removing toxicity, moistening lung and relieving cough and the like. There have been many studies on the nutritional components and medicinal mechanisms of these perennial Chinese herbal medicines. Because the market demand for Chinese herbal medicines such as liquorice and the like taking roots as harvest objects is increased, the resources of the wild Chinese herbal medicines are seriously exhausted, but with the coming of the national management policy for the resources of the wild Chinese herbal medicines and the gradual maturity of the artificial planting technology, the resources of the wild Chinese herbal medicines are protected in recent years, the industries of artificially planting the Chinese herbal medicines and the like gradually tend to be standardized and industrialized, and the planting technologies such as direct seeding, rhizome vegetative propagation, tissue culture and rapid propagation are formed. The liquorice, the radix sileris and other plants have strong stress resistance and strong saline-alkali tolerance, can grow on a mild saline-alkali soil, but can be stressed by strong saline-alkali on a severe saline-alkali soil, so that seeds are not easy to germinate, seedlings grow slowly, and the root activity is reduced, so how to plant the Chinese herbal medicines under the condition of the saline-alkali soil is an application problem to be solved urgently.
The normal growth of plants is greatly limited by the salinization of soil, and the method has a profound significance for meeting the development of the artificial Chinese herbal medicine industry in China and improving the saline-alkali soil. The existing saline-alkali soil improvement method has the means of physics, chemistry, biology, engineering and the like, chemical modifiers such as phosphogypsum, humic acid, peat and the like are applied to the saline-alkali soil, the physicochemical property of the soil can be effectively improved, the alkalization degree of the soil is reduced, but the yield of the chemical modifiers cannot meet the saline-alkali improvement requirement of a large area. The biological improvement comprises planting saline-alkali tolerant plants and crops and applying a green biological fertilizer to improve the soil fertility; the engineering measures comprise improvement modes such as irrigation desalination, underground salt discharge, change of discharge into storage and the like. The method has the advantages that the aeolian sandy soil is covered on the saline-alkali soil by utilizing the natural aeolian sandy soil resources of the regions to form low-saline-alkali cultivated layer planting crops, so that the phenomenon that a large amount of salt ions directly cause damage to plant root systems along with the rise of soil evapotranspiration is prevented, and the saline-alkali stress is reduced. However, liquorice, divaricate saposhnikovia root and the like are deep-rooted plants, the root systems of the plants are developed, particularly, the vertical growth of the main root of the liquorice can reach below 3.5m underground, and therefore the problems of sand covering cost and the like need to be considered when the sand pressing alkali is applied to improve the saline-alkali soil for planting the Chinese herbal medicines in the actual agricultural production. The root and stem of licorice has terminal bud and side bud, and can be extended horizontally to form network root system structure, and the vertical growth length of its side root is not more than 30 cm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for planting Chinese herbal medicine for rooting for many years in severe saline-alkali soil, aiming at solving the technical problems that seeds are not easy to germinate, seedlings grow slowly and the root activity is reduced because the Chinese herbal medicine for rooting for many years is stressed by severe saline-alkali in severe saline-alkali soil at present.
The method for planting the Chinese herbal medicine for rooting for many years on the severe saline-alkali soil is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, applying aeolian sandy soil within 1000 meters near the severe saline-alkali soil to the surface of the saline-alkali soil, wherein the sand covering thickness is 30-40 cm;
secondly, a plurality of ditches are parallelly dug in the heavily saline-alkali soil covered with sand by using a plough, the horizontal surface width of each ditch is 25cm, and the depth of each ditch is 10 cm-15 cm;
thirdly, cutting the main root of the Chinese herbal medicine seedling to 20-40 cm to be used as a transplanted root, horizontally placing the cut main root in the trench opened in the second step (the main root is completely in the aeolian sandy soil and does not enter the saline-alkali soil), and exposing the overground part of the seedling on the surface of the aeolian sandy soil;
fourthly, folding the aeolian sandy soil at the ditch edge to enable the root system to be covered by the aeolian sandy soil, exposing the overground part of the seedling above the aeolian sandy soil, surrounding the root system by the aeolian sandy soil, and compacting the soil at the ditch edge;
fifthly, digging out soil in the ditch after planting for 1 to 2 years to obtain a root system.
The root and stem of licorice has terminal bud and side bud, and can be extended horizontally to form network root system structure, and the vertical growth length of its side root is not more than 30cm, and according to the growth characteristics of licorice root system said invention can horizontally plant main root of licorice, and can prevent the overlength growth of main root from entering into saline-alkali soil layer, and utilize the growth characteristics of its side root to maintain plant growth, so that the sand-covering thickness of 30 cm-40 cm can meet the requirements for root growth of Chinese herbal medicine root system for said root, and at the same time the artificial planting of licorice, ledebouriella root and bupleurum root, etc. all use harvested root as main material, so that said invention can effectively solve the problem of that the vertical growth of main root is too long, and can greatly reduce disturbance of deep soil layer. The method effectively solves the problems that Chinese herbal medicines such as liquorice and the like cannot be directly planted in the saline-alkali soil, roots are difficult to obtain and utilize, and the like, and simultaneously reduces the problem that the requirement on the sand covering thickness is too high in saline-alkali soil sand covering improvement.
The invention utilizes the biological principle, avoids the migration of saline-alkali ions to surface soil, has low cost, is easy to popularize and has later economic benefit.
The invention is characterized in that: according to the characteristic of the vertical growth of lateral roots of the Chinese herbal medicines, the severe saline-alkali soil is improved by using the aeolian sandy soil through the characteristic of vegetative propagation, so that the method is suitable for large-area popularization and planting of the Chinese herbal medicines; effectively reduced the requirement to covering husky thickness on the one hand, on the other hand solved the problem that the root is pricked too deeply at saline and alkaline soil layer can't survive to the chinese herbal medicine main root, through being convenient for acquire the chinese herbal medicine root system of utilizing with main root horizontal planting, reduce the disturbance to soil depth, avoid a large amount of saline and alkaline ion problems that rise.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. by using the biological principle: licorice, ledebouriella root and the like are perennial deep root plants, the growth limit of lateral roots is about 30cm, and the lateral roots can grow vertically; according to the invention, the main roots of the roots are horizontally planted by utilizing the growth characteristics of the roots, so that the lateral roots can conveniently grow vertically, and therefore, the activity of the roots can be ensured through the sand covering depth of 30-40 cm, and the roots are prevented from being stressed by saline and alkaline. The artificial planting of the Chinese herbal medicine mainly takes root harvesting, so the method can effectively reduce the interference to the deep level of the soil and prevent the rising of saline alkali ions;
2. low cost, easy popularization: the invention utilizes large machinery to carry the sandy soil, does not need later maintenance and does not depend on rainfall, and can be applied in large area; the planting technology is simple, easy to learn and capable of being popularized and applied in a large range;
3. later-stage economic benefits: the invention has considerable economic benefits in the later period after construction, such as: the liquorice seeds can be harvested by 10 kg per mu, the medicinal materials (roots or rhizomes) can be harvested by 700 kg per mu, and the net profit per mu is about 3000 yuan; 25 kilograms of scutellaria seeds can be harvested per mu, 150 kilograms of medicinal materials can be harvested, and the net profit per mu is about 4000 yuan; 90 kilograms of bupleurum chinense medicinal materials can be harvested per mu, and the net profit per mu is about 4000 yuan.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cutting schematic diagram of the method for planting the Chinese herbal medicine for rooting for many years in the severe saline-alkali soil, wherein 1 is a main root, 2 is a lateral root, 3 is aeolian sandy soil and 4 is saline-alkali soil.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is a method for planting Chinese herbal medicine for rooting for many years in severe saline-alkali soil, which is specifically carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, applying aeolian sandy soil within 1000 meters near the severe saline-alkali soil to the surface of the saline-alkali soil, wherein the sand covering thickness is 30-40 cm;
secondly, a plurality of ditches are parallelly dug in the heavily saline-alkali soil covered with sand by using a plough, the horizontal surface width of each ditch is 25cm, and the depth of each ditch is 10 cm-15 cm;
thirdly, cutting the main root of the Chinese herbal medicine seedling to 20-40 cm to be used as a transplanted root, horizontally placing the cut main root in the trench opened in the second step (the main root is completely in the aeolian sandy soil and does not enter the saline-alkali soil), and exposing the overground part of the seedling on the surface of the aeolian sandy soil;
fourthly, folding the aeolian sandy soil at the ditch edge to enable the root system to be covered by the aeolian sandy soil, exposing the overground part of the seedling above the aeolian sandy soil, surrounding the root system by the aeolian sandy soil, and compacting the soil at the ditch edge;
fifthly, digging out soil in the ditch after planting for 1 to 2 years to obtain a root system.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the Chinese herbal medicine seedlings in the third step are liquorice seedlings. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: the Chinese herbal medicine seedlings in the third step are the divaricate saposhnikovia root seedlings. The others are the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment mode and one of the first to third embodiment modes is: the Chinese herbal medicine seedlings in the third step are bupleurum seedlings. The rest is the same as one of the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the fourth difference between this embodiment and the specific embodiment is that: the Chinese herbal medicine seedlings in the third step are scutellaria baicalensis seedlings. The rest is the same as the fourth embodiment.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the fourth difference between this embodiment and the specific embodiment is that: the Chinese herbal medicine seedlings in the third step are astragalus seedlings. The rest is the same as the fourth embodiment.
Claims (6)
1. A method for planting Chinese herbal medicine for rooting for many years in severe saline-alkali soil is characterized in that the method for planting the Chinese herbal medicine for rooting for many years in severe saline-alkali soil is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, applying aeolian sandy soil within 1000 meters near the severe saline-alkali soil to the surface of the saline-alkali soil, wherein the sand covering thickness is 30-40 cm;
secondly, a plurality of ditches are parallelly dug in the heavily saline-alkali soil covered with sand by using a plough, the horizontal surface width of each ditch is 25cm, and the depth of each ditch is 10 cm-15 cm;
thirdly, cutting the main root of the Chinese herbal medicine seedling to 20-40 cm to be used as a transplanted root, horizontally placing the cut main root in the trench opened in the second step, and exposing the overground part of the seedling on the surface of the aeolian sandy soil;
fourthly, folding the aeolian sandy soil at the ditch edge to enable the root system to be covered by the aeolian sandy soil, exposing the overground part of the seedling above the aeolian sandy soil, surrounding the root system by the aeolian sandy soil, and compacting the soil at the ditch edge;
fifthly, digging out soil in the ditch after planting for 1 to 2 years to obtain a root system.
2. The method for planting Chinese herbal medicine for rooting for many years in severe saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine seedling in the third step is a licorice seedling.
3. The method for planting Chinese herbal medicine for rooting for many years in severe saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine seedling in the third step is a Ledebouriella seseloides seedling.
4. The method for planting Chinese herbal medicine for rooting for many years in severe saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine seedlings in the third step are radix bupleuri seedlings.
5. The method for planting Chinese herbal medicine for rooting for many years in severe saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine seedlings in the third step are scutellaria baicalensis seedlings.
6. The method for planting Chinese herbal medicine for rooting for many years in severe saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine seedlings in the third step are astragalus seedlings.
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| CN2022100075587 | 2022-01-06 | ||
| CN202210007558 | 2022-01-06 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115119692A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-09-30 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for planting medicinal plants and harvesting annual Chinese herbal medicines in medium-severe saline-alkali soil |
| CN116034823A (en) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-05-02 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for planting red knotweed in saline-alkali soil of pine and tender plain |
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2022
- 2022-01-12 CN CN202210029689.5A patent/CN114271166A/en active Pending
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| CN105746130A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-07-13 | 刘良贵 | Method of cultivating radix saposhnikoviae in salty land |
| CN108668814A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-19 | 梁秀芳 | Beautiful millettia root root system cross growth method |
| CN109197331A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-01-15 | 刘俊希 | A kind of implantation methods of the wild genuine Radix Glycyrrhizae of intercropping in garden |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115119692A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-09-30 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for planting medicinal plants and harvesting annual Chinese herbal medicines in medium-severe saline-alkali soil |
| CN116034823A (en) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-05-02 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for planting red knotweed in saline-alkali soil of pine and tender plain |
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Application publication date: 20220405 |