CN114207019A - 具有改进的机械性能的基于pmma的铸塑聚合物 - Google Patents
具有改进的机械性能的基于pmma的铸塑聚合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114207019A CN114207019A CN202080056466.7A CN202080056466A CN114207019A CN 114207019 A CN114207019 A CN 114207019A CN 202080056466 A CN202080056466 A CN 202080056466A CN 114207019 A CN114207019 A CN 114207019A
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- pmma
- urea
- composition according
- mma
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- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
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- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- -1 MMA urea derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C=CCOC1=NC(OCC=C)=NC(OCC=C)=N1 BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCBr DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC=C FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JTPZTKBRUCILQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylimidazolidin-2-one Chemical class CN1CCNC1=O JTPZTKBRUCILQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008625 2-imidazolidinones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002433 hydrophilic molecules Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052914 metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BOQSSGDQNWEFSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C(C)=C BOQSSGDQNWEFSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LYBIZMNPXTXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C=C LYBIZMNPXTXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002688 maleic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- YQIGLEFUZMIVHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-n-propan-2-ylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(C)NC(=O)C(C)=C YQIGLEFUZMIVHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 2
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XGEGHDBEHXKFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl urea Chemical compound CNC(N)=O XGEGHDBEHXKFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYGWHHGCAGTUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-cyano-4-methylpentan-2-yl)diazenyl]-2,4-dimethylpentanenitrile Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C#N)N=NC(C)(C#N)CC(C)C WYGWHHGCAGTUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C(C)=C WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWHSTLLOZWTNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-sulfanylacetate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CS OWHSTLLOZWTNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- QOXOZONBQWIKDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl Chemical group [CH2]CCO QOXOZONBQWIKDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMGMDXCADSRNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-dihydroxy-1,3-diazepan-2-one Chemical class OC1CNC(=O)NCC1O ZMGMDXCADSRNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXFIFTYQCGZRGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-hydroxy-2-methylhex-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(O)CC=C(C)C(N)=O WXFIFTYQCGZRGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGJKQDOBUOMPEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N'-dimethylurea Chemical compound CNC(=O)NC MGJKQDOBUOMPEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003926 acrylamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethane Chemical compound COCOC NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000003 human carcinogen Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YAMHXTCMCPHKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1NCCN1 YAMHXTCMCPHKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)NCO DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012966 redox initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M thioglycolate(1-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/02—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by the reacting monomers or modifying agents during the preparation or modification of macromolecules
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/04—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
- C08F220/06—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08F220/10—Esters
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- C08F220/1804—C4-(meth)acrylate, e.g. butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate or tert-butyl (meth)acrylate
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0028—Use of organic additives containing nitrogen
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08J9/0095—Mixtures of at least two compounding ingredients belonging to different one-dot groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
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- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
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- C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于生产具有低的苯乙烯含量的基于PMMA的铸塑聚合物的组合物,其使用脲(衍生物)作为制剂成分,和亲水无机化合物作为填料。由根据本发明的组合物可以生产具有令人惊讶的高机械稳定性的基于PMMA的铸塑聚合物和模制件。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于生产具有低的苯乙烯含量的基于PMMA的铸塑聚合物(castpolymer)的组合物,其使用脲(衍生物)作为制剂成分,和亲水无机化合物作为填料。由根据本发明的组合物可以生产具有令人惊讶的高机械稳定性的基于PMMA的铸塑聚合物和模制件。
背景技术
聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)(PMMA)泡沫体在文献中进行了广泛描述,但是迄今实现了很少(如果有的话)工业意义。导致其的一个原因是经常描述的,但是非常复杂的经由高压釜方法的生产,在其中在高压釜中和高压下向PMMA中负载气态发泡剂例如CO2或者N2,然后通过释放压力而膨胀。
PMMA塑料可以通过不同的方法生产。这些方法之一是腔室聚合,也称作浇铸聚合(cast polymerization)。这包括在通过密封绳彼此隔开的两个玻璃板之间的可倾倒的单体溶液的热或者光化学聚合。这种单体溶液至少包含单体(MMA)和聚合引发剂。一旦聚合完成,则从所形成的聚合物中除去玻璃板,并且获得聚合物片。
由PMMA制造的这些铸塑聚合物的弹性模量是大约3000-3300MPa。
浇铸聚合也允许使用共聚单体和添加剂。在此可用的原则上是可溶于各自的单体溶液中,并且与MMA可共聚的全部共聚单体。
因此获得的基于PMMA的聚合物的机械性能可以在某些窄限度内通过选择共聚单体来调节。但是,不知道的是:以这种方式,例如弹性模量会增加超过例如4000MPa的值。
US 4816492描述了生产基于(甲基)丙烯酸酯的泡沫体,其中单体混合物是在发泡剂存在下聚合的。所用的发泡剂是卤代烃。但是,卤代烃是有问题的,这在于它们对于臭氧层具有严重的不利影响,和因此受到了重大的环境限制。此外,所述的仅仅由(甲基)丙烯酸酯,乙酸乙烯酯和含氯单体所生产的泡沫体不具有足够的压缩强度。
EP 0068439公开了通过在发泡剂存在下聚合MMA和随后发泡来生产基于PMMA的泡沫体。使用5wt%-40wt%的增塑剂例如甲基丙烯酸烷基酯(所述烷基具有至少三个碳原子)来获得泡沫体。报道了使用烃和/或氢氟烃作为发泡剂。
JP 2006045256公开了使用包含50%-70%重量的MMA,14%-30%重量的(甲基)丙烯酸,10%-20%重量的苯乙烯的单体混合物和作为发泡剂的脲来生产热塑性丙烯酸类泡沫体。
同样,JP 2002003635描述了使用包含50%-75%重量的MMA,14%-27%重量的(甲基)丙烯酸,10%-20%重量的苯乙烯的单体混合物和作为发泡剂的脲或者脲衍生物来生产热塑性丙烯酸类泡沫体。
JP 2013203954公开了一种生产丙烯酸类树脂泡沫体的方法,其包括步骤:(a)制备可聚合溶液,其含有包括马来酸酐和甲基丙烯酰胺的可聚合单体,包括脲的发泡剂,和聚合引发剂;(b)聚合所述可聚合单体混合物;和然后(c)发泡步骤(b)所获得的可发泡的聚合物。所述发泡剂进一步包括沸点为70℃-180℃的醇。具体地,它建议使用包含35%-60%重量的MMA,14%-35%重量的(甲基)丙烯酸,10%-20%重量的苯乙烯和1%-10%重量的马来酸酐和甲基丙烯酰胺的可聚合单体混合物。
专利申请JP 2006045256,JP 2002003635和JP 2013203954全部描述了可聚合组合物中至少10%重量含量的苯乙烯。苯乙烯被认为是“相当程度上的人类致癌物”。所以,如果可能的话,将聚合物组合物中的苯乙烯单体用量降到最小。
已经发现如果将苯乙烯用作单体混合物的基本组分之一,则脲或者脲衍生物(其用作发泡剂)的溶解性显著下降。此外,聚合速率也下降。此外,苯乙烯引起了所获得的泡沫体的耐候性的劣化。
JP 55139433描述了一种生产丙烯酸类泡沫体的方法,其含有50%-96%重量的MMA,4%-35%重量的作为共聚单体的丙烯酸和/或甲基丙烯酸,脲发泡剂和0.05%-4%重量的水。所述单体混合物中苯乙烯单体优选的量小于5%重量。这个专利申请没有提及或者建议用于另外增加丙烯酸类泡沫体或者用于生产其的铸塑聚合物的机械强度的任何手段。
对于现有技术公开的全部基于PMMA的泡沫体来说,通常它们具有以下压缩强度:其对于用于复合材料,例如特别是用于夹层结构来说是过低的。为了用作夹层复合材料的芯材,机械性能,特别是压缩强度是非常重要的,因为它们对于夹层元件的制造方法和夹层元件的机械性能具有一定影响。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明要解决的问题是提供一种生产基于PMMA的泡沫体的新方法,其不表现出所述的现有技术的缺点。具体地,所生产的基于PMMA的发泡材料应当是非常耐受机械应力的。所述泡沫体应当特别具有非常高的压缩强度。此外,这样的基于PMMA的泡沫体应当具有低密度,优选是30kg/m3-350kg/m3。
本发明要解决的另一问题是提供一种基于PMMA的铸塑聚合物,其是容易发泡的,同时在建立泡孔尺寸、泡孔分布和泡沫体密度方面具有高的自由度。这样的未发泡的铸塑聚合物应当表现出优异的机械性能。具体地,所述基于PMMA的铸塑聚合物在室温测量的弹性模量应当是至少4500MPa。
本发明要解决的另一问题是提供合适的基于PMMA的聚合物那些,其作为泡沫体,可以借助粘结剂结合、熔融或者通过表面上的树脂固化而容易地和简单地接合到第二材料上,例如处于外层的形式。还重要的是这样的目的,即,所获得的PMMA泡沫体是与用于生产夹层元件的树脂体系或者粘结剂相容的。
解决方案
上述技术问题是通过一种新型组合物解决的,其可用于生产基于PMMA的铸塑聚合物和非必要地,其基于PMMA的泡沫体。
在整个实验过程中,令人惊讶地发现不溶于单体混合物中的亲水无机化合物的存在能够明显增加基于PMMA的铸塑聚合物的机械强度等。为了实现这样的亲水无机化合物与聚合物基质良好的相容性,以及这样的化合物足够的分布,必需将苯乙烯或者它的衍生物的量降低到小于4%重量。
本发明的目标是一种用于生产基于PMMA的铸塑聚合物的组合物,特征在于所述组合物包含1%-10%重量的脲和/或脲衍生物,0.001%-2.0%重量的引发剂,0%-20%重量的另外的不可聚合的发泡剂,0%-5%重量的链转移剂,0.5%-10%重量的基本上不溶于所述组合物中的亲水无机化合物,和53%-98.498%重量的单体混合物,所述单体混合物由以下组成:60%-95%重量的MMA,5%-40%重量的丙烯酸,甲基丙烯酸和/或衣康酸,小于4%重量的苯乙烯,α-甲基苯乙烯和/或氯苯乙烯,和0%-35%重量的不同于脲衍生物的另外的MMA-可共聚的单体,其中所述无机亲水化合物具有在甲醇/水混合物中小于30体积%的甲醇的甲醇润湿度。
术语“甲醇润湿度”在本发明上下文中表示为了测定EP 2515829 B1中所述的甲醇润湿度,在每种情况中将0.2g(±0.005g)疏水性或者疏水化粒子称重到透明的离心机管中。将具有10,20,30,40,50,60,70或者80vol%甲醇的8.0ml甲醇/水混合物部分加入到每个样品。将所述管摇动30秒,然后在2500min-1离心分离5分钟。甲醇润湿度定义为甲醇的体积百分比,对于其来说沉淀物体积是100%。所述数值越高,疏水性越高。
本发明组合物的一种基本成分是基本上不溶于所述组合物中的亲水无机化合物。所述亲水无机化合物选自二氧化硅,金属氧化物,金属氢氧化物,金属硅酸盐,滑石及其混合物。所述亲水无机化合物的平均直径d50是5-1000nm。
粒度d50是根据ASTM 690-1992测定的。
术语“无机化合物”在本发明上下文中表示最多一个碳原子存在于所述化合物的每个分子中。因此,SiC是在本发明上下文中是无机化合物,而Na2C2O4不是。
术语“基本上不溶”在本发明上下文中表示在其中存在至少1h后,所述组合物中所用的这样的亲水无机化合物的全量的至少90%,优选至少95%,更优选至少99%保持在粒子状态,不溶于所述组合物。所述无机化合物(其与本发明组合物的一种或多种组分反应)不是“基本上不溶的”。因此,氧化锂将与所存在的(甲基)丙烯酸或者衣康酸反应,和因此不是“基本上不溶的”。使用脲和/或脲衍生物作为所述组合物的成分是本发明的一个基础部分,其与其它特征相组合,带来了因此获得的铸塑聚合物和由其生产的泡沫体的机械性能的显著改进。
作为根据本发明的脲的替代选项而存在于所述组合物中的脲衍生物优选是N-烷基脲,例如N-甲基脲,或者N,N’-二烷基脲,例如N,N’-二甲基脲,未取代的或者取代的2-咪唑烷酮,例如2-咪唑烷酮或者N,N-二甲基2-咪唑烷酮,非必要地另外取代的1-甲基-2-咪唑啉酮和另外的环脲衍生物。
在另一实施方案中,所述脲衍生物是与MMA脲衍生物,特别是与N-(2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基)亚乙基脲至少部分可共聚的。其后,为了避免整个组合物方面的混淆,这样的与MMA脲衍生物可共聚不被认为是所述单体混合物的一部分。
所述用于生产基于PMMA的铸塑聚合物的组合物由以下组成:1%-10%重量,优选2%-8%重量,特别优选3%-7%重量的脲和/或脲衍生物,0.001%-2.0%重量,优选0.002%-1.0%重量,特别优选0.003%-0.5%重量的一种或多种引发剂,0%-20%重量的另外的不可聚合的发泡剂,0%-5%重量的链转移剂,0.5%-10%重量,优选1%-8%重量,特别优选2%-6%重量的亲水无机化合物和53%-98.498%重量,优选57%-96.999%重量,更优选64.5%-95.997%重量的单体混合物。
上述单体混合物又由以下组成:60%-95%重量,优选70%-90%重量,特别优选75%-85%重量的MMA,5%-40%重量,优选10%-30%重量,特别优选15%-25%重量的丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸和/或衣康酸,小于4%重量,优选小于2%重量,特别优选小于1%重量的苯乙烯,α-甲基苯乙烯和/或氯苯乙烯和0%-35%重量,优选0%-20%重量,特别优选0%-10%重量,非常特别优选至少0.1%重量的不同于脲衍生物的另外的MMA-可共聚的单体。
特别优选根据本发明的组合物包含2%-8%重量的脲和/或脲衍生物,0.002%-2.0%重量的引发剂,0%-20%重量的另外的不可聚合的发泡剂,0%-5%重量的链转移剂,1%-8%重量的亲水无机化合物,和57%-96.998%重量的单体混合物,所述单体组合物由以下组成:70%-90%重量的MMA,10%-30%重量的丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸和/或衣康酸,小于4%重量的苯乙烯,α-甲基苯乙烯和/或氯苯乙烯,和0%-35%重量的不同于脲衍生物的另外的MMA-可共聚的单体。
特别优选所述单体混合物基本上不包含苯乙烯,α-甲基苯乙烯和/或氯苯乙烯,即,苯乙烯,α-甲基苯乙烯和/或氯苯乙烯的量小于单体混合物的0.1%重量,甚至更优选小于0.01%重量。
虽然已经证明了含有苯乙烯和非必要的马来酸衍生物的基于PMMA的泡沫体是机械上非常稳定的,但是已经发现苯乙烯比例导致了泡沫体与某些树脂的不相容性。由根据本发明的组合物所生产的泡沫体因此优选没有苯乙烯和马来酸衍生物。
所述单体混合物中非必要的另外的MMA-可共聚的单体可以是交联剂。这样的交联剂可以特别是乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯,氰尿酸三烯丙基酯,异氰尿酸三烯丙基酯和/或甲基丙烯酸烯丙基酯。另外的选项是二-,三-或者四(甲基)丙烯酸酯。所存在的任何交联剂也可以是含有这些交联剂的至少两种的混合物。但是,高的共价交联度优选是不期望的。
存在于本发明组合物中的单体混合物优选包含至少0.1%重量的另外的MMA-可共聚的单体,并且其是交联剂,特别是乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯,氰尿酸三烯丙基酯,异氰尿酸三烯丙基酯,甲基丙烯酸烯丙基酯或者其混合物。
另外非必要的MMA-可共聚的单体可以是丙烯酸烷基酯。这些丙烯酸烷基酯优选是这样的丙烯酸烷基酯,所述烷基具有1-8个碳原子,特别优选丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸正丙酯或者丙烯酸正丁酯。作为所述聚合物的重复单元的丙烯酸酯特别是增加了所述聚合物的热稳定性。
除了MMA之外非必要存在的单体也可以或者另外包括非MMA的甲基丙烯酸烷基酯。这样的甲基丙烯酸烷基酯特别是烷基具有2-8个碳原子的那些。特别优选给出的是甲基丙烯酸乙酯,甲基丙烯酸正丙酯,甲基丙烯酸正丁酯或者甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯。
另一有利的可用的这类单体特别是(甲基)丙烯酸羟基官能化烷基酯。它们优选是(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟基乙基酯或者(甲基)丙烯酸3-羟基丙基酯。
所述单体混合物优选包含5%-10%重量的甲基丙烯酸叔丁基酯、甲基丙烯酸异丙基酯、丙烯酸叔丁基酯和/或丙烯酸异丙基酯。
所述单体混合物可以非必要地包含N-烷基(甲基)丙烯酰胺,所述烷基具有1-12个碳原子,并且没有作为MMA-可共聚的单体的甲基丙烯酰胺或者N,N-二烷基甲基丙烯酰胺。所述N-烷基(甲基)丙烯酰胺特别优选是N-羟甲基甲基丙烯酰胺,2-羟丙基甲基丙烯酰胺或者N-异丙基甲基丙烯酰胺,特别优选N-异丙基甲基丙烯酰胺。
这样的N-烷基(甲基)丙烯酰胺在随后与例如外层接合来提供夹层部件或者其它复合材料方面具有大的优势和在粘结剂结合、焊接或者表面树脂固化方面提供整体上更好的进一步加工性。当本发明的泡沫体既不包含苯乙烯,也不包含马来酸衍生物时更是如此。
所述链转移剂(其非必要存在于本发明的组合物中)优选是具有1-5个硫醇基团的化合物,γ-萜烯或者至少两种的这些链转移剂的混合物。所述链转移剂特别优选是季戊四醇四巯基乙酸酯,2-巯基乙醇,具有2-12个碳原子的烷基硫醇,巯基乙酸,巯基乙酸酯,γ-萜烯或者至少两种的这些链转移剂的混合物。
特别合适的不同于脲或者脲衍生物的不可共聚的发泡剂优选是正庚烷,MTBE,甲乙酮,具有1-4个碳原子的醇例如叔丁醇,水,甲缩醛和/或叔丁基甲基醚。
所述组合物还可以包含另外的组分。这些另外的组分的例子包括脱模剂,蜡,颜料,稳定剂,特别是UV稳定剂,和/或附着力促进剂。
本发明另外的目标是基于PMMA的铸塑聚合物,其可以通过聚合根据本发明的组合物来获得。
本发明的另一目标是一种生产基于PMMA的铸塑聚合物的方法,其中上文所述的根据本发明的组合物是在20℃-100℃的温度聚合。
非必要地,在聚合开始时,所述组合物整体或者所述组合物的一部分可以处于聚合物和/或低聚物形式到高达80%重量的程度。这就是所谓的“糖浆方法(syrupprocess)”,并且在下文中进一步描述。
当使用低聚物或者聚合物时,所述聚合是所谓的糖浆聚合,其已经被证明特别可用于两个板之间的浇铸方法。在这样的糖浆聚合结束时,具有不同组成的两种类型的PMMA可以作为混合物同时存在于铸塑聚合物或者由其生产的模制件或者泡沫体中,而对于发泡没有任何相关的影响。
所述聚合方法,优选处于本体聚合形式,是在20℃-100℃,优选30℃-70℃的温度进行。
本发明的另一目标是一种基于PMMA的泡沫体,其可以通过发泡本发明的铸塑聚合物或者通过发泡至少部分聚合的根据本发明的组合物来获得。
所述基于PMMA的泡沫体优选的密度是30kg/m3-350kg/m3,特别优选50-300kg/m3,其是根据DIN EN ISO 1183(出版:2013-04)测定的。
本发明的另一目标是一种生产根据本发明的基于PMMA的泡沫体的方法,其中本发明的组合物是在20℃-100℃的温度聚合,和随后在130℃-250℃的温度发泡。
发泡优选在130℃-250℃,更优选150℃-230℃的温度进行,这取决于所用的发泡剂。
所述聚合和/或发泡优选在不同的温度分阶段进行。可选择地或者另外,可以至少部分的同时进行聚合和发泡。
在这样的同时运行模式中,所述方法可以非必要地使得聚合仅仅不完全进行来进行,在这种情况中优选进行到至少80%的转化率,并且最终的终点聚合是在发泡过程中进行的。这样的方法具有优点,即,在发泡程序开始时,剩余的单体具有塑化效应,而没有任何塑化化合物保留在最终的泡沫体中。在这样的实施方案中,所述聚合和发泡因此将在一个发泡温度部分地同时进行。
所述聚合优选在赋形容器中进行,特别是处于两个板例如玻璃板之间的腔室聚合的形式。在最简单的情况中,可以例如考虑矩形桶。在这样的桶中的聚合随后提供了片,它的厚度通过槽/板间距中的填充水平来测定。但是,也可以想到所述容器的更复杂的形状。聚合优选在30℃-70℃的温度进行。可用的引发剂不仅包括公知的自由基引发剂例如过氧化物或者偶氮引发剂,而且还包括氧化还原体系或者UV引发剂。低于40℃的聚合温度特别适于这些氧化还原体系和UV引发剂。UV引发剂是通过用适当的UV光照射来引发的,而氧化还原引发剂包含通过混合两种组分和单体而引发的双组分体系。
发泡可以随后在相同容器中进行,在这种情况中,体积增加被限制到一个方向,即,容器的开放侧。但是,聚合的材料也可以不包封来发泡或者以悬浮方式发泡。发泡优选在烘箱中进行。作为替代选项,还可以通过用IR辐射,特别是波长为0.78-2.20μm,优选1.20-1.40μm的辐射照射来发生发泡。微波发泡代表了另一选项。还可以想到不同方法的组合,例如IR辐射、微波和/或烘箱加热的组合。
发泡以及聚合可以每个在多个温度阶段进行,如前所述。所述温度可以随后在聚合中升高,来另外提高转化率和由此减少残留单体含量。在发泡过程中,发泡温度可以分阶段增加来影响泡孔分布、泡孔尺寸和泡孔数。
已经令人惊讶地发现使用根据本发明的组合物,可以获得在室温所测量的弹性模量大于4500MPa的基于PMMA的聚合物。通过比较,纯PMMA铸塑聚合物的弹性模量是2800-3300MPa。
根据本发明所生产的基于PMMA的泡沫体具有令人惊讶的高强度,和外加令人惊讶的低脆度,和因此可以例如在轻量构造中获得应用。此外,归因于良好的材料性能,无需使用增塑剂例如相对长链烷基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯或者邻苯二甲酸酯,其根据目前的知识对于流动性或者发泡性具有积极效果,但是同时对于PMMA泡沫体的机械性能,特别是强度具有不利影响。
已经发现对于现有技术所述的相同的泡孔结构来说,当X>Y时,由弹性模量为X的聚合物所生产的泡沫体表现出比由弹性模量为Y的聚合物所生产的泡沫体更好的机械性能。所以,聚合物的高弹性模量是获得泡沫体的良好的机械性能的先决条件。
根据本发明所生产的基于PMMA的铸塑聚合物可以用于多种不同的应用。这样的应用的例子包括填充的或者透明的模制件,窗玻璃,广告材料,膜生产,建筑上的建筑物构件,光照应用中的漫射体,家具结构,造船,车辆构造,航空工业或者模型构建。当所述的聚合物用于生产同样的本发明的PMMA泡沫体时是特别优选的。
根据本发明所生产的基于PMMA的泡沫体也可以获得非常广泛的多种应用。这样的应用的例子是耐候性绝缘材料,用于夹层复合材料的芯材,风力发电机的叶片,船舶建造以及海底应用,轻量构造,包装材料,碰撞元件中的吸能体,建筑上的建筑物构件,光照应用中的漫射体,家具结构,车辆构造,航空工业或者模型构建。
实施例
所述PMMA聚合物是在浇铸方法中生产的。为此目的,用单体溶液填充玻璃室,其由2个分开保持、并且用密封带(13mm厚度)密封的玻璃板(400x300mm)组成。
为了生产单体溶液,将根据下述配方(表1-4)的成分一起加入,并且搅拌直到全部成分溶解。
将因此生产和填充的玻璃室存储在40℃水浴中用于聚合。在大约27h后,所述玻璃室在115℃完成聚合。然后除去玻璃板和密封绳。在全部情况中获得了硬的和半透明的聚合物。
用于测定聚合物的弹性模量的拉伸测试是使用Zwick/Roell Z 030仪器进行的。测量是在23℃和50%湿度的标准条件进行的。测量前将样品在相同的条件(23℃-50%湿度)存储至少16小时。结果显示在表5中。
表1:实施例1
表2:对比例1
表3:对比例2
表4:对比例3
对比例3 | wt% |
甲基丙烯酸甲酯 | 74.45 |
甲基丙烯酸 | 20.00 |
丙烯酸丁酯 | 1.00 |
脲 | 4.00 |
2,2’-偶氮双(2,4-二甲基戊腈) | 0.05 |
巯基乙酸2-乙基己基酯 | 0.50 |
表5:弹性模量
弹性模量比较 | 弹性模量(MPa) |
实施例1(具有脲和SiO<sub>2</sub>) | 4900 |
对比例1(具有脲,SiO<sub>2</sub>和苯乙烯) | 4400 |
对比例2(没有脲,具有SiO<sub>2</sub>) | 3600 |
对比例3(具有脲,没有SiO<sub>2</sub>) | 4500 |
表5显示了在实施例1和对比例1-3中所制备的聚合物的弹性模量的测量结果。不使用发泡剂脲和使用二氧化硅作为填料所制备的聚合物(对比例2)表现出最低的弹性模量。使用脲和二氧化硅二者,但是没有苯乙烯(实施例1)表现出最佳的结果。使用脲、二氧化硅和苯乙烯(对比例1)导致了比实施例1,以及使用脲而没有二氧化硅(对比例3)更差的结果。
Claims (15)
1.用于生产基于PMMA的铸塑聚合物的组合物,特征在于所述组合物包含1%-10%重量的脲和/或脲衍生物,0.001-2.0%重量的引发剂,0%-20%重量的另外的不可聚合的发泡剂,0%-5%重量的链转移剂,0.5%-10%重量的基本上不溶于所述组合物的亲水无机化合物,和53%-98.498%重量的单体混合物,所述单体混合物由以下组成:60%-95%重量的MMA,5%-40%重量的丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸和/或衣康酸,小于4%重量的苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯和/或氯苯乙烯,和0%-35%重量的不同于脲衍生物的另外的MMA-可共聚的单体,其中所述无机亲水化合物具有在甲醇/水混合物中小于30体积%的甲醇的甲醇润湿度。
2.根据权利要求1的组合物,特征在于所述组合物包含2%-8%重量的脲和/或脲衍生物,0.002-1.0%重量的引发剂,0%-20%重量的另外的不可聚合的发泡剂,0%-5%重量的链转移剂,1%-8%重量的亲水无机化合物,和57%-96.999%重量的单体混合物,所述单体混合物由以下组成:70%-90%重量的MMA,10%-30%重量的丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸和/或衣康酸,小于2%重量的苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯和/或氯苯乙烯,和0%-35%重量的不同于脲衍生物的另外的MMA-可共聚的单体。
3.根据权利要求1或者2中至少一项的组合物,特征在于所述单体混合物基本上不包含苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯和/或氯苯乙烯。
4.根据权利要求1-3中至少一项的组合物,特征在于所述亲水无机化合物选自二氧化硅、金属氧化物、金属氢氧化物、金属硅酸盐、滑石及其混合物。
5.根据权利要求1-4中至少一项的组合物,特征在于所述亲水无机化合物的平均直径d50是5-1000nm,其是根据ASTM 690-1992测定的。
6.根据权利要求1-5中至少一项的组合物,特征在于所述单体混合物包含至少0.01%重量的所述另外的MMA-可共聚的单体,和这些单体是交联剂,特别是二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、氰尿酸三烯丙基酯、异氰尿酸三烯丙基酯、甲基丙烯酸烯丙基酯或者其混合物。
7.根据权利要求1-6中至少一项的组合物,特征在于所述脲衍生物选自N-烷基脲、N,N’-二烷基脲、2-咪唑烷酮、1-甲基-2-咪唑啉酮及其混合物。
8.根据权利要求1-7中至少一项的组合物,特征在于所述脲衍生物是与MMA脲衍生物,特别是N-(2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基)亚乙基脲至少部分地可共聚的。
9.根据权利要求1-8中至少一项的组合物,特征在于所述单体混合物包含5%-10%重量的甲基丙烯酸叔丁基酯、甲基丙烯酸异丙基酯、丙烯酸叔丁基酯和/或丙烯酸异丙基酯。
10.基于PMMA的铸塑聚合物,其可以通过聚合根据权利要求1-9中至少一项的组合物来获得。
11.生产基于PMMA的铸塑聚合物的方法,特征在于根据权利要求1-9中至少一项的组合物是在20℃-100℃的温度聚合的。
12.基于PMMA的泡沫体,其可以通过发泡根据权利要求10的铸塑聚合物或者通过发泡根据权利要求1-9中至少一项的至少部分聚合的组合物来获得。
13.根据权利要求12的基于PMMA的泡沫体,其中所述泡沫体的密度是30kg/m3-350 kg/m3,其是根据DIN ENISO 1183测定的。
14.生产根据权利要求12-13中至少一项的基于PMMA的泡沫体的方法,特征在于将根据权利要求1-9中至少一项的组合物在20℃-100℃的温度聚合,和随后在130℃-250℃的温度发泡。
15.根据权利要求14的方法,特征在于所述聚合和发泡是至少部分地同时进行的。
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- 2020-07-03 CA CA3146894A patent/CA3146894A1/en active Pending
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- 2020-07-03 CN CN202080056466.7A patent/CN114207019B/zh active Active
- 2020-07-03 EP EP20734988.7A patent/EP4010411B1/en active Active
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JPS55139433A (en) * | 1979-04-16 | 1980-10-31 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Production of acrylic foam |
US20180079882A1 (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2018-03-22 | Evonik Roehm Gmbh | Production of fine-pored pmma foams using nucleating agents |
CN109689710A (zh) * | 2016-09-12 | 2019-04-26 | 赢创罗姆有限公司 | 通过使用甲基丙烯酰胺改进pmma泡沫的性能 |
US20190211124A1 (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2019-07-11 | Evonik Roehm Gmbh | Improving the properties in pmma foams by using methacrylic amides |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114874382A (zh) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-09 | 佛山市嘉信盈科技有限公司 | 一种利用水浴微波法双引发双固化制备丙烯酸酯泡沫材料的方法 |
CN114874382B (zh) * | 2022-05-30 | 2023-10-03 | 佛山市嘉信盈科技有限公司 | 一种利用水浴微波法双引发双固化制备丙烯酸酯泡沫材料的方法 |
Also Published As
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PL4010411T3 (pl) | 2023-10-02 |
MX2022001512A (es) | 2022-03-11 |
FI4010411T3 (fi) | 2023-08-30 |
IL290372A (en) | 2022-04-01 |
CN114207019B (zh) | 2023-09-29 |
CA3146894A1 (en) | 2021-02-11 |
TW202120610A (zh) | 2021-06-01 |
PT4010411T (pt) | 2023-08-03 |
US20220275160A1 (en) | 2022-09-01 |
LT4010411T (lt) | 2023-08-10 |
WO2021023444A1 (en) | 2021-02-11 |
DK4010411T3 (da) | 2023-09-04 |
JP2022543301A (ja) | 2022-10-11 |
EP4010411A1 (en) | 2022-06-15 |
KR20220045176A (ko) | 2022-04-12 |
ES2955342T3 (es) | 2023-11-30 |
IL290372B1 (en) | 2024-07-01 |
EP4010411B1 (en) | 2023-06-14 |
SI4010411T1 (sl) | 2023-09-29 |
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