CN114176029A - Grouper marking technical process method - Google Patents
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- CN114176029A CN114176029A CN202111482665.7A CN202111482665A CN114176029A CN 114176029 A CN114176029 A CN 114176029A CN 202111482665 A CN202111482665 A CN 202111482665A CN 114176029 A CN114176029 A CN 114176029A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a grouper marking thickness technical process method, which relates to the field of fry marking thickness and comprises the steps of establishing marking thickness conditions, bait feeding, daily management and disease prevention and control. The method realizes the thickening of the grouper by constructing the thickening condition, bait feeding, daily management and disease prevention and control, ensures that small-sized grouper fries are put into a pond or a fish pond with relatively good environment and are cultivated to a certain specification, improves the survival rate of the fries and shortens the cultivation time; meanwhile, the integral survival rate of the fry is relatively stable, the management and scientific bait casting of the fry are convenient, and the fry can be smoothly sold.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fry marking, in particular to a grouper marking technical process method.
Background
The step of marking the fry thick means that the fry with small size is put into a pond or a fish pond with relatively good environment to be cultivated to a certain size, so as to improve the survival rate of the fry and shorten the cultivation time; meanwhile, the survival rate of the big seedlings (cultivated in the middle) is relatively stable, the management and scientific bait casting are convenient, the grouper belongs to carnivorous fierce fishes, mutual cannibalism is the nature of the grouper, the same kind of cannibalism can be caused by insufficient bait, large individual difference and overlarge stocking density, and therefore the grouper seedlings need to be subjected to thickening, and a grouper thickening technical process is designed for the purpose.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a grouper marking technical process method which can solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a grouper marking technology process method comprises the steps of establishing marking conditions, bait feeding, daily management and disease prevention and control, and comprises the following steps:
step one, constructing a coarse condition:
1. the method comprises the following steps: can be directly marked coarsely in a seedling raising pond, can also be marked coarsely in a built-in standard coarse pond of an aquaculture pond, is a rectangular cement pond with the volume of 10-25 m3The water depth is 1-1.8 m;
2. illumination: the indoor cultivation pool adopts natural light, direct sunlight is avoided in the daytime of the outdoor cultivation pool, and the illumination intensity can be controlled by using foam;
3. water temperature: the water temperature is suitably 22-29 ℃, and the sudden change of the water temperature in day and night is prevented;
4. salinity: wide salinity, can grow in water with salinity of more than 10 per mill. The optimal salinity is 25-29%;
5. water environment: keeping the water quality fresh, preferably feeding in continuous flowing water, balancing and normalizing the water inflow and drainage quantity, keeping the pH value between 7.8 and 8.4 and keeping the dissolved oxygen above 5 mg/L;
6. seedling setting density: according to the size of the fry, the large fry can be released and loosened, and the small fry can be increased in stocking density;
step two, bait feeding: the fry with the length of more than 2.4cm can be fed with minced fish and shrimp, the eating condition is observed every day, and a small amount of adult artemia can be added to supplement the feed when the feed is found to be insufficient; when the fish fry grows to be more than 3.6cm in length, the fish fry can be fed with fresh broken fish, small miscellaneous shrimps or smaller live fish fries, and artificial compound feed which helps digestion can be added for supplement, wherein 10mL of active garlic and 10g of zymolytic polysaccharide (or golden peptide kang) are added into each kilogram of fish, minced shrimp and fresh broken fish, small miscellaneous shrimps or smaller live fish fries, and the fish fry, minced shrimp and fresh broken fish, small miscellaneous shrimps or smaller live fish fries are uniformly stirred and placed for 1 hour for feeding, so that the liver, intestine and stomach can be protected, food attraction and growth are promoted, ova can be enzymolytically decomposed, and breeding of parasites is prevented and controlled;
step three, daily management: the method is characterized in that the stable and good water quality and substrate environment are kept, attention must be paid constantly in management, medicines for improving water quality or substrates are thrown in 3-5 days every time, the substrates and the water quality are kept fresh, new and old water exchange is required to be carried out during each dosing, the ingestion condition and the satiety rate of the fry are observed, the amount of residual baits in the water body is mastered at any time so as to be adjusted in time, the bottom cleaning work is very important, the pollution absorption is carried out regularly every day, the pond is changed in time when the residual substances are found, the physiological and ecological reactions of the fry are closely watched, the fry generate individual differences due to different growth speeds, the obvious group differentiation can cause serious mutual cannibalism, and the screening cultivation is carried out as early as possible;
step four, disease prevention and control: the grouper fries are thick under the condition of high water temperature, water quality is easy to pollute along with secretion of metabolites, so diseases are easy to occur in the thick marking process, vibriosis and ichthyophthiriasis are the most frequently encountered, most of the vibriosis is caused by mildew and the like of pond residual substances and generally appears as ventral fin rot, the ichthyophthiriasis is probably occurred under any condition and mostly appears seasonally, and symptoms of the ichthyophthiriasis are shown as rot and ichthyophthiriasis of the head or all parts of the body, so that the work of fry disease prevention needs to be paid attention in the thick marking process of the grouper fries.
Preferably, the screening and cultivation in the third step is seedling separation: dividing seedlings once within 10-15 days; screening of the fry can be performed manually; the specification is distinguished by visual inspection, and then various sieves with different sizes are selected; after being screened, the seeds are respectively placed in each cultivation pool; care should be taken in handling to avoid damaging the body surface of the fish; a certain amount of medicine can be put into the newly replaced culture pond, so that the infection caused by injury due to improper operation can be prevented.
Preferably, in the course of marking coarse, under the influence of external factors, the disease of infecting virus also sometimes happens, the feeding can be stopped properly, and simultaneously, the medicine is sprinkled in a full pool after being diluted by 3 Baianwei with the concentration of 0.5mL/m, and the medicine is combined with related effective medicines for treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the grouper is marked thick by constructing a thick marking condition, feeding baits, daily management and disease prevention and control, small-sized grouper fries are ensured to be put into a pond or a fish pond with relatively good environment and cultivated to a certain specification, the fry survival rate is improved, and the cultivation time is shortened; meanwhile, the overall survival rate of the fry is relatively stable, the management and scientific bait casting of the fry are facilitated, the fry is guaranteed to be sold smoothly, and the fry breeding device has a certain use prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the flow process of the grouper marking technique of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a grouper marking technology process method comprises the steps of establishing marking conditions, bait feeding, daily management and disease prevention and control, and comprises the following steps:
step one, constructing a coarse condition:
1. the method comprises the following steps: the method can be used for directly marking the interior of a seedling raising pond with coarse marks, or marking the interior of an aquaculture pond with coarse marks, wherein the coarse marks are rectangular cement ponds, the volume of the cement ponds is 10-25 m3, and the water depth is 1-1.8 m;
2. illumination: the indoor cultivation pool adopts natural light, direct sunlight is avoided in the daytime of the outdoor cultivation pool, and the illumination intensity can be controlled by using foam;
3. water temperature: the water temperature is suitably 22-29 ℃, and the sudden change of the water temperature in day and night is prevented;
4. salinity: wide salinity, can grow in water with salinity of more than 10 per mill. The optimal salinity is 25-29%;
5. water environment: keeping the water quality fresh, preferably feeding in continuous flowing water, balancing and normalizing the water inflow and drainage quantity, keeping the pH value between 7.8 and 8.4 and keeping the dissolved oxygen above 5 mg/L;
6. seedling setting density: according to the size of the fry, the large fry can be released and loosened, and the small fry can be increased in stocking density;
step two, bait feeding: the fry with the length of more than 2.4cm can be fed with minced fish and shrimp, the eating condition is observed every day, and a small amount of adult artemia can be added to supplement the feed when the feed is found to be insufficient; when the fish fry grows to be more than 3.6cm in length, the fish fry can be fed with fresh broken fish, small miscellaneous shrimps or smaller live fish fries, and artificial compound feed which helps digestion can be added for supplement, wherein 10mL of active garlic and 10g of zymolytic polysaccharide (or golden peptide kang) are added into each kilogram of fish, minced shrimp and fresh broken fish, small miscellaneous shrimps or smaller live fish fries, and the fish fry, minced shrimp and fresh broken fish, small miscellaneous shrimps or smaller live fish fries are uniformly stirred and placed for 1 hour for feeding, so that the liver, intestine and stomach can be protected, food attraction and growth are promoted, ova can be enzymolytically decomposed, and breeding of parasites is prevented and controlled;
step three, daily management: the method is characterized in that the stable and good water quality and substrate environment are kept, attention must be paid constantly in management, medicines for improving water quality or substrates are thrown in 3-5 days every time, the substrates and the water quality are kept fresh, new and old water exchange is required to be carried out during each dosing, the ingestion condition and the satiety rate of the fry are observed, the amount of residual baits in the water body is mastered at any time so as to be adjusted in time, the bottom cleaning work is very important, the pollution absorption is carried out regularly every day, the pond is changed in time when the residual substances are found, the physiological and ecological reactions of the fry are closely watched, the fry generate individual differences due to different growth speeds, the obvious group differentiation can cause serious mutual cannibalism, and the screening cultivation is carried out as early as possible;
step four, disease prevention and control: the grouper fries are thick under the condition of high water temperature, water quality is easy to pollute along with secretion of metabolites, so diseases are easy to occur in the thick marking process, vibriosis and ichthyophthiriasis are the most frequently encountered, most of the vibriosis is caused by mildew and the like of pond residual substances and generally appears as ventral fin rot, the ichthyophthiriasis is probably occurred under any condition and mostly appears seasonally, and symptoms of the ichthyophthiriasis are shown as rot and ichthyophthiriasis of the head or all parts of the body, so that the work of fry disease prevention needs to be paid attention in the thick marking process of the grouper fries.
The method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps of (1) selling a fry of the marine eel in No. 8 and No. 4, selling a fry in No. 9 and No. 16, and starting the preparation work from the bottom of 7 months after 50 days from the preparation work to the time when the fry is sold out:
1. the pond is cleaned, water starts to enter, a mesh bag for water inlet is 100 meshes, 4 mu and half of the pond takes 3 days for water inlet, and a bag of bleaching powder in 50 jin is used for water disinfection after water is added.
2. After the water body is disinfected for two days, sodium thiosulfate is used for water body detoxification, the bacteria and algae are supplemented the next day after detoxification, and after water culture, roe binding is started.
3. After the roes are determined, an incubation and spawning room is well prepared, water is pumped into an incubation bag of the spawning room in the morning of No. 8 month and No. 4, the water pumped into the incubation bag is filtered by a filter bag, the air pump is used for inflating and oxygenating after the water is pumped, oxygen is adjusted to the maximum, the water temperature in the incubation bag is measured in the first hour before the roes are prepared in the afternoon, ice is added for cooling when the water temperature is high, ice blocks are packed by the bag for cooling when the ice blocks are added, and the ice blocks are prevented from polluting incubation water after the ice blocks are melted.
4. When the fish eggs arrive, the fish egg bag is firstly placed in hatching water for several minutes to adapt to the temperature difference of the water once, then the fish eggs are placed in a hatching water body, the patrol is needed during the fish egg hatching period, the fish egg hatching progress is observed, and the oxygen is adjusted to be small after the fry flowers are hatched from the eggs.
5. Opening bait is cultured on the next day when roes are placed, the fish fries are placed into an outer pond from an incubation bag after opening the fish fries for three days, detoxification and stress medicine splashing are carried out on the water of the outer pond one hour before the incubation bag is opened, and the fish fries are fed with opening rotifers after the bag is opened, so that the fish fries are convenient to pass through the bait.
6. After seedlings are successfully fed, attention is paid to observing the number of rotifers in the pond, proper topdressing is carried out to keep the balance of the rotifers and algae, and the water color is kept. Feeding rotifers every day after opening the bag for one week, wherein the feeding amount is determined according to the rotifers in the pond, feeding frozen copepods after opening the bag for two weeks, and adding a little slow sinking feed (Tianma's Bao No. 0 feed) for domestication and feeding when feeding the frozen insects.
7. After one week of domestication, the feed is basically eaten, the floating water feed (No. Tianma ODA0 feed) needs to be fed, because the fry grows fast after the feed is fed, the feed is too fat after the fry is fed, the water quality and the pond bottom deteriorate, the fry needs to pass through the pond in time, the water in a new pond needs to be disinfected for the next day for detoxification before passing through the pond, the stomach opening of the fry is large after passing through the pond, the fry is different in size for a few days, and one pond of water needs to be prepared for use according to the size.
8. After the size is divided, the feeding can not be carried out immediately, the feeding can be carried out only in the next day, after the size is divided, the feeding is carried out according to three meals a day for the big, the feeding is carried out according to four meals a day for the small, and the small food is sold together.
9. Due to the fact that oxygen consumption of the seedlings of the sea eels is high, water needs to be added every day after the feeds are fed, water is added in the afternoon in the daytime, water is added all the time till the next morning in the evening, the pond is required to be on duty to observe the situation of dissolved oxygen in the evening, the water inflow needs to be increased when the dissolved oxygen is low, an oxygen increasing machine is added, and oxygen increasing preparation medicines are splashed.
10. Feeding is stopped one day before fry selling, oxygen consumption of the fry is low at night, the fry is convenient to drain at night and pull the net on the second day, preparation work of a net air pump is needed before the fry pulls the net, and due to the fact that oxygen consumption of the fry of the marine fishes is high, 8 and 9 points of water body dissolved oxygen rise, the fry is pulled down to be sold smoothly.
Through the operation, the grouper marking technology realizes the marking of the groupers through the establishment of marking conditions, bait feeding, daily management and disease prevention and control, ensures that small-sized grouper fries are placed in a pond or a fish pond with relatively good environment and are cultivated to a certain specification, improves the fry survival rate and shortens the cultivation time; meanwhile, the integral survival rate of the fry is relatively stable, the management and scientific bait casting of the fry are convenient, and the fry can be smoothly sold.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A grouper marking technical process method comprises the steps of establishing marking conditions, bait feeding, daily management and disease prevention and control, and is characterized in that the grouper marking technical process method comprises the following steps:
step one, constructing a coarse condition:
1. the method comprises the following steps: can be directly marked coarsely in a seedling raising pond, can also be marked coarsely in a built-in standard coarse pond of an aquaculture pond, is a rectangular cement pond with the volume of 10-25 m3The water depth is 1-1.8 m;
2. illumination: the indoor cultivation pool adopts natural light, direct sunlight is avoided in the daytime of the outdoor cultivation pool, and the illumination intensity can be controlled by using foam;
3. water temperature: the water temperature is suitably 22-29 ℃, and the sudden change of the water temperature in day and night is prevented;
4. salinity: wide salinity, can grow in water with salinity of more than 10 per mill. The optimal salinity is 25-29%;
5. water environment: keeping the water quality fresh, preferably feeding in continuous flowing water, balancing and normalizing the water inflow and drainage quantity, keeping the pH value between 7.8 and 8.4 and keeping the dissolved oxygen above 5 mg/L;
6. seedling setting density: according to the size of the fry, the large fry can be released and loosened, and the small fry can be increased in stocking density;
step two, bait feeding: the fry with the length of more than 2.4cm can be fed with minced fish and shrimp, the eating condition is observed every day, and a small amount of adult artemia can be added to supplement the feed when the feed is found to be insufficient; when the fish fry grows to be more than 3.6cm in length, the fish fry can be fed with fresh broken fish, small miscellaneous shrimps or smaller live fish fries, and artificial compound feed which helps digestion can be added for supplement, wherein 10mL of active garlic and 10g of zymolytic polysaccharide (or golden peptide kang) are added into each kilogram of fish, minced shrimp and fresh broken fish, small miscellaneous shrimps or smaller live fish fries, and the fish fry, minced shrimp and fresh broken fish, small miscellaneous shrimps or smaller live fish fries are uniformly stirred and placed for 1 hour for feeding, so that the liver, intestine and stomach can be protected, food attraction and growth are promoted, ova can be enzymolytically decomposed, and breeding of parasites is prevented and controlled;
step three, daily management: the method is characterized in that the stable and good water quality and substrate environment are kept, attention must be paid constantly in management, medicines for improving water quality or substrates are thrown in 3-5 days every time, the substrates and the water quality are kept fresh, new and old water exchange is required to be carried out during each dosing, the ingestion condition and the satiety rate of the fry are observed, the amount of residual baits in the water body is mastered at any time so as to be adjusted in time, the bottom cleaning work is very important, the pollution absorption is carried out regularly every day, the pond is changed in time when the residual substances are found, the physiological and ecological reactions of the fry are closely watched, the fry generate individual differences due to different growth speeds, the obvious group differentiation can cause serious mutual cannibalism, and the screening cultivation is carried out as early as possible;
step four, disease prevention and control: the grouper fries are thick under the condition of high water temperature, water quality is easy to pollute along with secretion of metabolites, so diseases are easy to occur in the thick marking process, vibriosis and ichthyophthiriasis are the most frequently encountered, most of the vibriosis is caused by mildew and the like of pond residual substances and generally appears as ventral fin rot, the ichthyophthiriasis is probably occurred under any condition and mostly appears seasonally, and symptoms of the ichthyophthiriasis are shown as rot and ichthyophthiriasis of the head or all parts of the body, so that the work of fry disease prevention needs to be paid attention in the thick marking process of the grouper fries.
2. The grouper marking technique flow method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the screening cultivation in the third step is seedling separation: dividing seedlings once within 10-15 days; screening of the fry can be performed manually; the specification is distinguished by visual inspection, and then various sieves with different sizes are selected; after being screened, the seeds are respectively placed in each cultivation pool; care should be taken in handling to avoid damaging the body surface of the fish; a certain amount of medicine can be put into the newly replaced culture pond, so that the infection caused by injury due to improper operation can be prevented.
3. The grouper marking technique flow method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the course of marking coarse, under the influence of external factors, the disease of infecting virus also sometimes occurs, the feeding can be properly stopped, meanwhile, the whole pool is sprinkled after diluted by 3-bendiocarb with the concentration of 0.5mL/m, and the relevant effective medicine is combined for treatment.
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CN109122414A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2019-01-04 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | A kind of cultural method that Huang tail Yellowtail seed mark is slightly cultivated |
CN113133424A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-07-20 | 广东海元农业科技有限公司 | Sectional type rapid thickening method for grouper fries |
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