CN114161784B - 一种不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供的一种不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构及制备方法,包括有蜂窝夹层结构,蜂窝夹层结构的上表面、下表面均设置有面板结构,面板结构包括有多个单层瓦楞板,上、下两个相邻的所述单层瓦楞板内瓦楞凹槽层的排布方向相互垂直;该多向缓冲吸能结构在各个方向均有承载结构,能够抵抗来自不同方向的冲击、压缩、弯曲等载荷作用;同时采用不锈钢极薄带作为结构的主要组分材料,相较于芳纶纸蜂窝和铝蜂窝结构,力学性能和服役温度大幅提升;另外通过对蜂窝夹层结构和瓦楞凹槽层中凹槽尺寸的调控以及瓦楞凹槽层里填充材料的选取,可满足不同防护结构的实际需求,可设计性强;最后选用的不锈钢极薄带具有良好的加工性,制造成本低。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及轻质防护结构设计与制备领域,尤其涉及一种不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构及制备方法。
背景技术
蜂窝夹芯复合材料通常是利用胶接工艺在蜂窝芯上下表层粘接纤维或金属面板所形成的一种复合结构的轻质材料。这类蜂窝夹芯复合材料因具有重量轻、结构性能好、弯曲强度与刚度大、隔音隔热以及高的比吸能等优点而被广泛应用于机翼、机身、尾翼、飞机地板、雷达罩、液氢储箱等航空航天飞行器结构部件上。
在蜂窝夹芯复合材料的面板制造方面,通常利用不同类型纤维或金属薄板作为面板的组分材料,使用相应的树脂胶进行粘接叠压形成薄板用来和蜂窝芯材进行胶接。选取不同的组分材料制备出的面板具有的性能也因材而异。但在实际服役环境中,结构部件所受各类载荷尤其是冲击载荷,可能来源于各个方向,这就要求缓冲吸能结构能够具备抵抗多向冲击载荷作用的能力。
传统蜂窝夹芯复合材料在面外方向上,由于有面板和蜂窝芯共同抵抗压缩载荷,承载能力较强;但在面内方向上蜂窝芯无法承载、面板承载非常有限,导致夹芯板无法进行缓冲吸能。这就导致传统蜂窝夹芯复合材料存在不能对面内方向的载荷进行有效承载、蜂窝芯制备材料力学性能不足的问题。
发明内容
为解决现有技术的缺点和不足,提供一种不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构及制备方法,从而可解决传统蜂窝夹芯复合材料抵抗面内方向冲击载荷能力弱及蜂窝芯制备材料力学性能不足的问题。
为实现本发明目的而提供的一种不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构,包括有蜂窝夹层结构,所述蜂窝夹层结构的上表面、下表面均设置有面板结构,所述面板结构包括有多个单层瓦楞板,上、下两个相邻的所述单层瓦楞板内瓦楞凹槽层的排布方向相互垂直。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述单层瓦楞板自上而下包括有上表层、瓦楞凹槽层及下表层,所述瓦楞凹槽层内填充有粉煤灰漂珠。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述瓦楞凹槽层的截面形状为梯形。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述蜂窝夹层结构、上表层、瓦楞凹槽层及下表层均由不锈钢极薄带制成。
一种不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
一、蜂窝夹层结构的制备:
步骤1.将不锈钢极薄带裁切为多块一定长度、宽度的不锈钢带;
步骤2.使用丙酮清洁不锈钢带的表面;
步骤3.利用自动涂胶机在不锈钢带的表面上涂抹有机硅结构胶,涂抹有机硅结构胶的位置在奇数层和偶数层的不锈钢带上应错开一定距离;
步骤4.逐层叠放步骤3得到的不锈钢带,等待有机硅结构胶完全干燥固化,即得到多层不锈钢带;
步骤5.将步骤4得到的多层不锈钢带的顶部利用卡具固定,利用牵引设备对多层不锈钢带的底部施加一定力缓慢拉开,即完成不锈钢极薄带蜂窝芯的制备;
二、单层瓦楞板的制备:
步骤6.将不锈钢极薄带裁切为多块一定长度、宽度的不锈钢带;
步骤7.将步骤6得到的不锈钢带置于瓦楞模压模具之间,压制成瓦楞结构,即得到瓦楞凹槽层;
步骤8.使用丙酮清洁瓦楞凹槽层的表面;
步骤9.将瓦楞凹槽层置于同尺寸的模具中,在瓦楞凹槽层的凹槽中填充粉煤灰漂珠后注入热塑性树脂胶,去除溢出的胶水并刮平表面;
步骤10.将PO热熔胶膜置于粉煤灰漂珠上表面后,再覆盖一层不锈钢带,放置在热压机下升温至150℃加压固化,即完成瓦楞凹槽层上表面的封闭,得到单层瓦楞板半成品;
步骤11.将步骤10得到的单层瓦楞板半成品翻转,再重复步骤9、10的操作,即完成瓦楞凹槽层下表层的封闭,得到单层瓦楞板;
三、面板结构的制备
步骤12.将多块单层瓦楞板按照纵向和横向方向交替叠放,单层瓦楞板之间铺放PO热熔胶后置于热压机上升温加压进行固化,即完成面板结构的制备;
四、蜂窝夹层结构、面板结构的复合
步骤13.在蜂窝夹层结构的上、下表层均放置面板结构,并在蜂窝夹层结构与面板结构之间放置PO热熔胶,使用热压机进行固化,即得到多向缓冲吸能结构。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述步骤1中不锈钢极薄带为厚度20μm的半硬态。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述步骤3中有机硅结构胶的宽度为5mm,相邻的有机硅结构胶之间间隔20mm,涂抹有机硅结构胶的位置在奇数层和偶数层的不锈钢带上应错开的距离为10mm。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述步骤10中的PO热熔胶厚度为40μm。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述步骤13中的PO热熔胶厚度为250μm。本发明的有益效果是:
与现有技术相比,本发明提供的一种不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构及制备方法,具有如下优势:
(1)该多向缓冲吸能结构在各个方向均有承载结构,因此能够有效地抵抗来自不同方向的冲击、压缩、弯曲等载荷作用;
(2)该多向缓冲吸能结构采用不锈钢极薄带作为结构的主要组分材料,相较于芳纶纸蜂窝和铝蜂窝结构,力学性能和服役温度大幅提升;
(3)该多向缓冲吸能结构通过对蜂窝夹层结构和瓦楞凹槽层中凹槽尺寸的调控以及瓦楞凹槽层里填充材料的选取,可满足不同防护结构的实际需求,具有极强的可设计性;
(4)不锈钢极薄带具有良好的加工性,制造成本低。
附图说明
图1为本发明所提出多向缓冲吸能结构示意图;
图2为本发明中蜂窝夹层结构的工艺流程图;
图3为本发明中单层瓦楞板的工艺流程图;
图4为本发明中面板结构的工艺流程图。
其中:1-不锈钢极薄带;2-有机硅结构胶;3-瓦楞凹槽层;4-蜂窝夹层结构;5-瓦楞模压模具;6-PO热熔胶;7-粉煤灰漂珠;8-单层瓦楞板;9-面板结构。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明:
如图1-图4所示,一种不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构,包括有蜂窝夹层结构4,所述蜂窝夹层结构4的上表面、下表面均设置有面板结构9,所述面板结构9包括有多个单层瓦楞板8,上、下两个相邻的所述单层瓦楞板8内瓦楞凹槽层3的排布方向相互垂直;其中所述单层瓦楞板8自上而下包括有上表层、瓦楞凹槽层3及下表层,所述瓦楞凹槽层3内填充有粉煤灰漂珠7;所述瓦楞凹槽层3的截面形状为梯形;所述上表层、瓦楞凹槽层3及下表层的材质均为不锈钢极薄带1。
一种不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
一、蜂窝夹层结构4的制备:
步骤1.将厚度20μm半硬态的不锈钢极薄带11裁切为25块宽度为20mm,长度为160mm的不锈钢带;
步骤2.使用丙酮清洁不锈钢带的表面;
步骤3.利用自动涂胶机在不锈钢带的表面上涂抹有机硅结构胶2,有机硅结构胶2的宽度为5mm,相邻的有机硅结构胶2之间间隔20mm,涂抹有机硅结构胶2的位置在奇数层和偶数层的不锈钢带上应错开的距离为10mm;
步骤4.逐层叠放步骤3得到的不锈钢带,等待有机硅结构胶2完全干燥固化;
步骤5.将步骤4得到的多层不锈钢带的顶部利用卡具固定,利用牵引设备对多层不锈钢带的底部施加一定力缓慢拉开,即完成不锈钢极薄带1蜂窝芯的制备;
二、单层瓦楞板8制备:
步骤6.将不锈钢极薄带1裁切为多块一定长度、宽度的不锈钢带;
步骤7.将步骤6得到的不锈钢带置于瓦楞模压模具5之间,压制成瓦楞结构,即得到瓦楞凹槽层3;
步骤8.使用丙酮清洁瓦楞凹槽层3的表面;
步骤9.将瓦楞凹槽层3置于同尺寸的模具中,在瓦楞凹槽层3的凹槽中填充粉煤灰漂珠7后注入热塑性树脂胶,去除溢出的胶水并刮平表面;
步骤10.将PO热熔胶6膜置于粉煤灰漂珠7上表面,PO热熔胶6厚度为40μm,再覆盖一层不锈钢带,放置在热压机下升温至150℃加压固化,即完成瓦楞凹槽层3上表面的封闭,得到单层瓦楞板8半成品;
步骤11.将步骤10得到的单层瓦楞板半成品翻转,再重复步骤9、10的操作,即完成瓦楞凹槽层3下表层的封闭,得到单层瓦楞板8;
三、面板结构9的制备
步骤12.将多块单层瓦楞板8按照纵向和横向方向交替叠放,单层瓦楞板8之间铺放PO热熔胶6膜后置于热压机上升温加压进行固化,即完成面板结构9的制备;
四、蜂窝夹层结构4、面板结构9的复合
步骤13.在蜂窝夹层结构4的上、下表层均放置面板结构9,并在蜂窝夹层结构4与面板结构9之间放置PO热熔胶6膜,PO热熔胶6厚度为250μm,使用热压机进行固化,即得到多向缓冲吸能结构。
以上实施例不局限于该实施例自身的技术方案,实施例之间可以相互结合成新的实施例。以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而并非对其进行限制,凡未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换,其均应涵盖在本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种基于不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构,其特征在于:包括有蜂窝夹层结构(4),所述蜂窝夹层结构(4)的上表面、下表面均设置有面板结构(9),所述面板结构(9)包括有多个单层瓦楞板(8),上、下两个相邻的所述单层瓦楞板(8)内瓦楞凹槽层(3)的排布方向相互垂直,所述单层瓦楞板(8)自上而下包括有上表层、瓦楞凹槽层(3)及下表层,所述瓦楞凹槽层(3)内填充有粉煤灰漂珠(7),所述蜂窝夹层结构(4)、上表层、瓦楞凹槽层(3)及下表层均由不锈钢极薄带(1)制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构,其特征在于:所述瓦楞凹槽层(3)的截面形状为梯形。
3.一种基于不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
一、蜂窝夹层结构(4)的制备:
步骤1. 将不锈钢极薄带(1)裁切为多块一定长度、宽度的不锈钢带;
步骤2. 使用丙酮清洁不锈钢带的表面;
步骤3. 利用自动涂胶机在不锈钢带的表面上涂抹有机硅结构胶(2),涂抹有机硅结构胶(2)的位置在奇数层和偶数层的不锈钢带上应错开一定距离;
步骤4. 逐层叠放步骤3得到的不锈钢带,等待有机硅结构胶(2)完全干燥固化,即得到多层不锈钢带;
步骤5. 将步骤4得到的多层不锈钢带的顶部利用卡具固定,利用牵引设备对多层不锈钢带的底部施加一定力缓慢拉开,即完成不锈钢极薄带(1)蜂窝芯的制备;
二、单层瓦楞板(8)的制备:
步骤6. 将不锈钢极薄带(1)裁切为多块一定长度、宽度的不锈钢带;
步骤7. 将步骤6得到的不锈钢带置于瓦楞模压模具(5)之间,压制成瓦楞结构,即得到瓦楞凹槽层(3);
步骤8. 使用丙酮清洁瓦楞凹槽层(3)的表面;
步骤9. 将瓦楞凹槽层(3)置于同尺寸的模具中,在瓦楞凹槽层(3)的凹槽中填充粉煤灰漂珠(7)后注入热塑性树脂胶,去除溢出的胶水并刮平表面;
步骤10. 将PO热熔胶(6)膜置于粉煤灰漂珠(7)上表面后,再覆盖一层不锈钢带,放置在热压机下升温至150℃加压固化,即完成瓦楞凹槽层(3)上表面的封闭,得到单层瓦楞板(8)半成品;
步骤11. 将步骤10得到的单层瓦楞板(8)半成品翻转,再重复步骤9、10的操作,即完成瓦楞凹槽层(3)下表层的封闭,得到单层瓦楞板(8);
三、面板结构(9)的制备
步骤12. 将多块单层瓦楞板(8)按照纵向和横向方向交替叠放,单层瓦楞板(8)之间铺放PO热熔胶(6)后置于热压机上升温加压进行固化,即完成面板结构(9)的制备;
四、蜂窝夹层结构(4)、面板结构(9)的复合
步骤13. 在蜂窝夹层结构(4)的上、下表层均放置面板结构(9),并在蜂窝夹层结构(4)与面板结构(9)之间放置PO热熔胶(6),使用热压机进行固化,即得到多向缓冲吸能结构。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1中不锈钢极薄带(1)为厚度20μm的半硬态。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤3中有机硅结构胶(2)的宽度为5mm,相邻的有机硅结构胶(2)之间间隔20mm,涂抹有机硅结构胶(2)的位置在奇数层和偶数层的不锈钢带上应错开的距离为10mm。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种基于不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤10中的PO热熔胶(6)厚度为40μm。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种基于不锈钢极薄带的轻质多向缓冲吸能结构的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤13中的PO热熔胶(6)厚度为250μm。
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