CN104441839A - 一种瓦楞夹层板吸能结构 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种瓦楞夹层板吸能结构,所述吸能结构由上面板、瓦楞芯、夹层面板和下面板组成,各部分依次堆叠并由环氧结构胶胶合或钎焊而成整体结构,所述瓦楞芯截面为梯形、三角形或正弦曲线,所述瓦楞芯可为若干层,当层数大于等于2时,所述瓦楞芯排列方式为规则排列、交错排列或0°/90°排列。本发明具有轻质、韧性能力强、抗冲击性能好等特点,整个吸能过程中冲击力平稳;且由于芯材结构的开放性,使该吸能结构在碰撞过程中能够有效地主动散去碰撞热量,使结构材料避免由于受高温影响而提早屈服。本发明不仅限于汽车缓冲吸能装置,它可应用于任何需要缓冲吸能结构的载荷和领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车被动安全性技术领域,具体涉及一种在汽车碰撞过程中能够有效缓冲吸能的瓦楞夹层板吸能结构。
背景技术
“安全、环保、节能”是当代汽车发展的三大主题,而汽车被动安全性是汽车安全性设计的重中之重。良好的缓冲吸能结构不仅要求将碰撞能尽可能多地转化为结构的变形,即内能;而且还要求结构单位质量具有较高的吸能量,即比吸能要大,从而提高结构和材料的利用率,满足轻量化的设计要求,已达到节能的目的。现阶段,广泛应用的吸能结构为金属薄壁管和铝蜂窝结构。其中,管状吸能结构利用轴向屈曲渐进叠缩变形来吸能,但是在冲击过程中载荷冲击波动较大,因此薄壁管的能量吸收不均匀;而铝蜂窝结构在吸能过程中,由于芯材结构的封闭性,不能有效主动地散去碰撞过程中产生的热量,致使材料提早屈服。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服上述传统缓冲吸能结构的缺陷与不足,提出采用一种新型、轻质、韧性能力强、抗撞击性好的瓦楞夹层板吸能结构,从而降低吸能结构的重量,提高比吸能,并保证碰撞过程中的冲击波平稳。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种瓦楞夹层板吸能结构,所述吸能结构由上面板、瓦楞芯、夹层面板和下面板组成,各部分依次堆叠并由环氧结构胶胶合或钎焊而成整体结构。
进一步,所述瓦楞芯截面为梯形、三角形或正弦曲线。
进一步,所述瓦楞芯为若干层,所述夹层面板的层数比瓦楞芯少一层。
进一步,当瓦楞芯的层数n≥2时,所述瓦楞芯的排列方式为规则排列、交错排列或0°/90°排列。
进一步,所述上面板采用金属合金、玻璃纤维复合材料、芳纶纤维复合材料或碳纤维复合材料制成。
进一步,所述瓦楞芯采用金属合金、玻璃纤维复合材料、芳纶纤维复合材料或碳纤维复合材料制成。
进一步,所述夹层面板采用金属合金、玻璃纤维复合材料、芳纶纤维复合材料或碳纤维复合材料制成。
进一步,所述下面板采用金属合金、玻璃纤维复合材料、芳纶纤维复合材料或碳纤维复合材料制成。
与现阶段广泛应用的缓冲吸能结构相比,本发明所采用的技术方案具有以下有益效果:
1)所述的瓦楞夹层缓冲吸能结构具有轻质、韧性能力强、抗冲击性能好等特点,整个吸能过程中冲击力平稳;且由于芯材结构的开放性,使该吸能结构在碰撞过程中能够有效地主动散去碰撞热量,使结构材料避免由于受高温影响而提早屈服。
2)所述的瓦楞夹层缓冲吸能结构的夹芯形式简单、美观且易于制备,制备所需耗材少。
3)所述的瓦楞夹层缓冲吸能结构由于结构的正交各向异性特性,在航空领域变体飞行器机翼(在起皱方向允许形状变化和增加表面积,在横向方向的刚度能够保证空气动力性和惯性载荷)上有着很重要的应用。
4)所述的瓦楞夹层缓冲吸能结构瓦楞芯的层数包括但不仅限于一层,可根据需要场所大小,来合理选择该缓冲吸能结构瓦楞芯的层数,同时相应增加夹层面板的层数,夹层面板层数比瓦楞芯少一层。
5)本发明不仅限于汽车缓冲吸能装置,它可应用于任何需要缓冲吸能结构的载荷和领域,例如还可用于船舶、飞机等运载工具中,以便在发生碰撞事故时进行有效地吸能缓冲,达到保护驾乘人员的目的。
附图说明
图1为本发明的两层瓦楞夹层板吸能结构立体示意图;
图2为本发明的瓦楞夹层板吸能结构瓦楞芯的不同形式示意图;
图3为本发明的多层瓦楞夹层板吸能结构的不同排列方式示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述。然而可以理解的是,下述具体实施方式仅仅是本发明的优选技术方案,而不应该理解为对本发明的限制。
如图1所示,一种瓦楞夹层板吸能结构,所述吸能结构由上面板1、瓦楞芯2、夹层面板3和下面板4组成,各部分依次堆叠并由环氧结构胶胶合而成整体结构,所述瓦楞芯2截面为梯形,所述上面板1和下面板4厚度为0.5-1mm;所述夹层面板2厚度为0.2-0.5mm;所述瓦楞芯2厚度为0.1-0.2mm,直角边长度为0-7mm,斜边长度L1为3-15mm,瓦楞芯2与上面板1夹角ω为30°-90°;所述瓦楞芯2为2层,所述夹层面板3为1层,所述瓦楞芯2排列方式为交错排列,所述上面板1、瓦楞芯2、夹层面板3和下面板4采用金属铝合金材料制成。
如图2所示,所述瓦楞芯2截面为梯形、三角形或正弦曲线,所述瓦楞芯2截面结构包括但不仅限于上述3种结构。
如图3所示,多层瓦楞夹层板吸能结构的排列方式为规则排列或交错排列或0°/90°排列,所述吸能结构的排列方式包括但不仅限于上述3种方式。
本发明所述的瓦楞夹层缓冲吸能结构具有轻质、韧性能力强、抗冲击性能好等特点,整个吸能过程中冲击力平稳;且由于芯材结构的开放性,使该吸能结构在碰撞过程中能够有效地主动散去碰撞热量,使结构材料避免由于受高温影响而提早屈服。本发明不仅限于汽车缓冲吸能装置,它可应用于任何需要缓冲吸能结构的载荷和领域,例如还可用于船舶、飞机等运载工具中,以便在发生碰撞事故时进行有效地吸能缓冲,达到保护驾乘人员的目的。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (10)
1.一种瓦楞夹层板吸能结构,其特征在于:所述吸能结构由上面板(1)、瓦楞芯(2)、夹层面板(3)和下面板(4)组成,各部分依次堆叠并由环氧结构胶胶合或钎焊而成整体结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的瓦楞夹层板吸能结构,其特征在于:所述瓦楞芯(2)截面为梯形、三角形或正弦曲线。
3.根据权利要求2所述的瓦楞夹层板吸能结构,其特征在于:所述瓦楞芯(2)为若干层,所述夹层面板(3)的层数比瓦楞芯少一层。
4.根据权利要求3所述的瓦楞夹层板吸能结构,其特征在于:当瓦楞芯(2)的层数大于等于2层时,所述瓦楞芯(2)排列方式为规则排列。
5.根据权利要求3所述的瓦楞夹层板吸能结构,其特征在于:当瓦楞芯(2)的层数大于等于2层时,所述瓦楞芯(2)排列方式为交错排列。
6.根据权利要求3所述的瓦楞夹层板吸能结构,其特征在于:当瓦楞芯(2)的层数大于等于2层时,所述瓦楞芯(2)排列方式为0°/90°排列。
7.根据权利要求1所述的瓦楞夹层板吸能结构,其特征在于:所述上面板(1)采用金属合金、玻璃纤维复合材料、芳纶纤维复合材料或碳纤维复合材料制成。
8.根据权利要求1所述的瓦楞夹层板吸能结构,其特征在于:所述瓦楞芯(2)采用金属合金、玻璃纤维复合材料、芳纶纤维复合材料或碳纤维复合材料制成。
9.根据权利要求1所述的瓦楞夹层板吸能结构,其特征在于:所述夹层面板(3)采用金属合金、玻璃纤维复合材料、芳纶纤维复合材料或碳纤维复合材料制成。
10.根据权利要求1所述的瓦楞夹层板吸能结构,其特征在于:所述下面板(4)采用金属合金、玻璃纤维复合材料、芳纶纤维复合材料或碳纤维复合材料制成。
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