CN114133286A

CN114133286A - Composition for preventing and treating rhubarb bran cores and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114133286A
Application number: CN202111460646.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨艳; 阚凤玲; 马倩; 陈日远; 李新博; 刘鹏
Original assignee: Beijing Golden Way Biotechnology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Golden Way Biotechnology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-01
Filing date: 2021-12-01
Publication date: 2022-03-04
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-01
Also published as: CN114133286B

Abstract

The application relates to the field of planting improvement of medicinal plants, and particularly discloses a composition for preventing and treating rhubarb pith and a preparation method thereof. The composition for preventing and treating the rhubarb bran cores comprises a nutritional agent and a conditioning agent; the nutrient comprises 80-100 parts of kitchen waste, 5-15 parts of shell waste, 10-20 parts of straw waste and 2-5 parts of composite bacteria; the conditioner comprises 12-28 parts of calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder, 15-25 parts of nitrogen type anion exchange resin, 1-2 parts of 3-methoxy catechol, 1-2.5 parts of ferrocene and 1-3 parts of sodium alginate. The composition for preventing and treating the rhubarb furfur cores comprises the following preparation steps: step 1, preparing a nutritional agent; step 2, preparing a conditioner; and 3, mixing and homogenizing the nutrient and the conditioner, and reacting for 5-10min at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ to obtain the composition. The conditioner and the nutritional agent are compounded, so that the bran core of rhubarb crops in the cultivation process is effectively reduced.

Description

Composition for preventing and treating rhubarb bran cores and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of planting improvement of medicinal plants, in particular to a composition for preventing and treating rhubarb pityriasis and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The medicinal plant is a plant for preventing and treating diseases in medicine. All or a part of the plants thereof are used for medicine or as raw materials in the pharmaceutical industry. Such as motherwort, gastrodia tuber, rhubarb, etc. The medicinal plants such as rhubarb have higher content of active ingredients for a longer cultivation period, but have a bran phenomenon in the later cultivation period, and researches show that the environment is a main factor influencing components of rhubarb and is a provenance. The environment mainly comprises climate and soil factors, and the soil has great influence on the growth and development of the medicinal plants and the synthesis and accumulation of active ingredients. At present, a '3414' nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium proportion fertilization scheme is mostly adopted for fertilization, and long-term use of fertilizers can cause soil hardening, decrease of medicinal active ingredients of medicinal plants and chaff phenomenon of crops.

According to statistics, kitchen wastes generated in Chinese cities are not less than 6000 million tons every year, the large amount of kitchen wastes not only solves the problem of headache of society, but also forms great potential hazards to ecological safety, food safety and human health by the traditional treatment modes of direct landfill, incineration and the like. The kitchen waste is rich in organic components such as starch, cellulose, protein, lipid and the like, and simultaneously contains a certain amount of elements such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron and the like, so that the resource conversion of the kitchen waste also becomes a current research hotspot.

For example, Chinese patent with publication number CN111320497A discloses a soil remediation fertilizer prepared by kitchen waste, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the soil remediation fertilizer comprises kitchen waste subjected to anaerobic heat treatment, a composite microbial inoculum and synergistic components; the soil remediation fertilizer comprises, by mass, 90-99% of kitchen waste subjected to anaerobic heat treatment, 0.5-5% of a compound microbial inoculum and 0.1-5% of a synergistic component.

The soil restoration fertilizer is used for planting rhubarb medicinal plants, and the rhubarb is subjected to bran center due to rapid loss of effective nutrients and insufficient nutrients after being cultivated for a period of time, so that the research and development of the composition for preventing and treating the rhubarb bran center and the preparation method thereof are particularly important.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a composition for preventing and treating rhubarb furfuryl cores and a preparation method thereof, and the kitchen waste is effectively recycled, so that the rhubarb medicinal plants are effectively prevented and treated from generating the furfuryl cores in the cultivation process.

In a first aspect, the application provides a composition for preventing and treating rhubarb pityriasis, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a composition for preventing and treating rhubarb bran comprises a nutritional agent and a conditioning agent; the nutrient comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of kitchen waste, 5-15 parts of shell waste, 10-20 parts of straw waste and 2-5 parts of composite bacteria;

the conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-28 parts of calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder, 15-25 parts of nitrogen type anion exchange resin, 1-2 parts of 3-methoxycatechol, 1-2.5 parts of ferrocene and 1-3 parts of sodium alginate.

By adopting the technical scheme, the kitchen waste, the shell waste and the straw waste are matched with the composite bacteria, and the composite bacteria are subjected to macromolecular carbon structure degradation and conversion reaction, so that the composite bacteria have rich humic acid and organic matter contents, and can be used as a nutrient of medicinal plants, so that the fertility of the composition is improved, bran cores of rhubarb crops due to insufficient nutrition are reduced, organic matters with a cementing effect are generated in the fermentation reaction process, the internal structure of the composition is improved to a certain extent, and the nutrient loss is reduced.

Ferrocene in the conditioner contains cyclopentadiene groups and iron ions, the 3-methoxycatechol molecule contains a plurality of phenolic hydroxyl groups, and the phenolic hydroxyl groups can be complexed with the iron ions to form a net structure, so that soil particle agglomeration is promoted, the nutrient storage capacity of the composition can be effectively improved, the internal structure stability of the composition is improved, and bran cores caused by nutrient loss in rhubarb crop planting are reduced.

The conditioner adopts calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder and nitrogen type anion exchange resin, certain content of calcium ions are stored in the calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder, when water in soil is excessive, the concentration of water molecules in the soil is increased, the water molecules enter molecular sieve pore channels, the calcium ions are dissociated from the molecular sieve pore channels, sodium alginate rapidly undergoes ion exchange under the action of the calcium ions to generate gel, so that a macromolecular granular structure is formed in the soil, the soil can better retain nutrients and has good buffering performance, the loss of the nutrients is effectively reduced, and the chaff core caused by the loss of the nutrients in the soil of rhubarb crops is reduced.

After water molecules enter the molecular sieve pore channels, the concentration of OH < - > at the periphery of the anion exchange resin is increased, nitrate ions are promoted to be separated from the anion exchange resin and fixed by generated gel, and the loss of the nitrate ions along with water is effectively reduced, so that the long-acting nitrogen source supplement of plants is facilitated, and the growth of crops is promoted.

Through compounding the conditioner and the nutritional agent, the conditioner has excellent dispersing performance, can uniformly assist the nutritional agent in dispersing, promotes long-acting absorption of crops, and can effectively reduce nutrient loss and reduce bran cores of rhubarb crops in the cultivation process.

Preferably, the calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-6 parts of calcium gluconate and 10-22 parts of microporous molecular sieve powder.

By adopting the technical scheme, the dosage ratio of the calcium gluconate to the microporous molecular sieve powder is optimized, and the calcium gluconate with the surface activity function is selected, so that effective calcium ions can be provided and stored in the microporous molecular sieve, the surface activity of the microporous molecular sieve can be improved, and meanwhile, a corresponding carbon source can be provided for crops at a later stage to promote the growth of the crops.

Preferably, the calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder is prepared by the following steps: weighing calcium gluconate and microporous molecular sieve powder according to a ratio, adding into water with the mass of 2-4 times that of the calcium gluconate, uniformly stirring, reacting at 50-80 ℃ for 60-80 min, and roasting at 220-260 ℃ for 50-100 min to obtain the calcium microporous molecular sieve powder.

By adopting the technical scheme, the calcium gluconate is prepared into an aqueous solution, then the aqueous solution is reacted with the microporous molecular sieve powder, and then the calcium-type microporous molecular sieve powder is roasted, so that the calcium-type microporous molecular sieve has excellent surface activity and good dispersibility, can well load a certain amount of calcium ions, is beneficial to performing a crosslinking reaction with sodium alginate subsequently, adjusts the moisture condition in the rhubarb cultivation process, and effectively reduces the phenomenon of rapid nutrient loss caused by excessive external moisture.

Preferably, the nitrogen type anion exchange resin comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of nitric acid with the mass concentration of 10-20% and 10-17 parts of anion exchange resin.

By adopting the technical scheme, the dosage ratio of the nitric acid to the anion exchange resin is optimized, so that the anion exchange resin contains a proper amount of nitrate ions, and a certain amount of nitrogen source is provided for crops.

Preferably, the nitrogen-type anion exchange resin is prepared by the following steps: weighing anion exchange resin according to the proportion, and crushing to obtain resin powder; adding the resin powder into nitric acid, and reacting at 40-60 ℃ to obtain the nitrogen type anion exchange resin.

By adopting the technical scheme, the resin powder and the nitric acid react at a certain temperature, so that the storage efficiency of the anion exchange resin on nitrate ions is improved, and the nitrate capacity of the anion exchange resin is improved.

Preferably, the husk wastes are palm husks and/or bagasse.

By adopting the technical scheme, the components of the shell and skin waste are optimized, so that the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the nutrient is favorably adjusted, more organic matters which are easy to oxidize are generated through conversion, and the nutrient is promoted to be absorbed and utilized by crops.

Preferably, the straw waste is at least one of straw, corn stalk and cotton stalk.

By adopting the technical scheme, the components of the straw waste are optimized, so that the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the nutrient is favorably adjusted, more organic matters which are easy to oxidize are generated through conversion, and the nutrient is promoted to be absorbed and utilized by crops.

In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a composition for preventing and treating rhubarb furfur core, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of a composition for preventing and treating rhubarb furfur cores comprises the following preparation steps:

step 1, screening kitchen waste to remove impurities, performing dry-wet separation, and performing aerobic reaction on dry matter of the obtained kitchen waste, shell waste, straw waste and composite bacteria at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ for 8-12h to prepare a nutrient;

step 2, uniformly mixing calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder, nitrogen type anion exchange resin, 3-methoxycatechol, ferrocene and sodium alginate, and then carrying out ball milling to prepare a conditioner;

and 3, mixing and homogenizing the nutrient and the conditioner, and reacting for 5-10min at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ to obtain the composition.

By adopting the technical scheme, the kitchen waste, the shell waste, the straw waste and the composite bacteria are subjected to macromolecular carbon structure degradation and conversion reaction under a high-temperature aerobic condition, so that the nutrient is rich in humic acid and organic matter content, and the organic matter content is high. The nutrient and the conditioner are compounded and then react at a certain temperature to promote the synergistic effect of the nutrient and the conditioner, improve the fertility and the nutrients of the composition, reduce the loss of the nutrients and effectively prevent and control the bran cores of rhubarb crops in the cultivation process.

Preferably, in step 1, the kitchen waste is extruded under the pressure of 20-40MPa to realize dry-wet separation.

By adopting the technical scheme, the kitchen waste is subjected to dry-wet separation under a certain pressure condition so as to extrude grease and water in the kitchen waste, and the remained dry matter is beneficial to subsequent fermentation treatment.

In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

1. through compounding the conditioner and the nutritional agent, the conditioner has excellent dispersing performance, can uniformly assist the nutritional agent in dispersing, promotes long-acting absorption of crops, and can effectively reduce nutrient loss and reduce bran cores of rhubarb crops in the cultivation process.

2. Ferrocene in the conditioner contains cyclopentadiene groups and iron ions, the 3-methoxycatechol molecule contains a plurality of phenolic hydroxyl groups, and the phenolic hydroxyl groups can be complexed with the iron ions to form a net structure, so that soil particle agglomeration is promoted, the nutrient storage capacity of the composition can be effectively improved, the internal structure stability of the composition is improved, and bran cores caused by nutrient loss in rhubarb crop planting are reduced.

3. The conditioner adopts calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder and nitrogen type anion exchange resin, certain content of calcium ions are stored in the calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder, when water in soil is excessive, the concentration of water molecules in the soil is increased, the water molecules enter molecular sieve pore channels, the calcium ions are dissociated from the molecular sieve pore channels, sodium alginate rapidly undergoes ion exchange under the action of the calcium ions to generate gel, so that a macromolecular granular structure is formed in the soil, the soil has better nutrient preservation and good buffering performance, the loss of nutrients in the soil is effectively reduced, and the chaff center caused by the loss of the nutrients in the soil of rhubarb crops is reduced. After water molecules enter the molecular sieve pore channels, the concentration of OH < - > at the periphery of the anion exchange resin is increased, nitrate ions are promoted to be separated from the anion exchange resin and fixed by generated gel, and the loss of the nitrate ions along with water is effectively reduced, so that the long-acting nitrogen source supplement of plants is facilitated, and the growth of crops is promoted.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

1. The performance index of the kitchen waste adopted in the application is shown in table 1.

Table 1 performance index of kitchen waste

2. The raw materials adopted by the method are all common commercially available raw materials, wherein the composite bacteria adopted by the method are the composite bacteria disclosed in Chinese patent application with the application number of 200610083429.7 and the patent name of 'a method for performing resource recycling treatment on kitchen organic waste by adopting composite bacteria', and are purchased from Beijing Jia Bo Wen Biotechnology Limited company. The anion exchange resin is styrene type ion exchange resin containing tertiary amine groups, and the particle size of the microporous molecular sieve powder is 100 mu m.

Preparation of calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder

Preparation example 1

The calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder is prepared by the following steps: weighing 0.2kg of calcium gluconate and 1kg of microporous molecular sieve powder, adding into 0.8kg of water, stirring uniformly, reacting at 80 ℃ for 60min, and roasting at 220 ℃ for 50min to obtain the calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder.

Preparation example two

The calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder is prepared by the following steps: weighing 0.5kg of calcium gluconate and 2kg of microporous molecular sieve powder, adding into 1.5kg of water, stirring uniformly, reacting at 60 ℃ for 70min, and roasting at 220 ℃ for 60min to obtain the calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder.

Preparation example three

The calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder is prepared by the following steps: weighing 0.5kg of calcium gluconate and 0.5kg of microporous molecular sieve powder, adding into 3kg of water, stirring uniformly, reacting at 60 ℃ for 70min, and roasting at 220 ℃ for 60min to obtain the calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder.

Preparation example four

The calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder is prepared by the following steps: weighing 0.5kg of calcium gluconate and 2kg of microporous molecular sieve powder, adding into 1.5kg of water, stirring uniformly, and drying at 40 ℃ to obtain the calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder.

Preparation example five

The calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder is prepared by the following steps: weighing 0.5kg of calcium chloride and 2kg of microporous molecular sieve powder, adding into 1.5kg of water, stirring uniformly, reacting at 60 ℃ for 70min, and roasting at 220 ℃ for 60min to obtain the calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder.

Nitrogen type anion exchange resin

Preparation example 1

The nitrogen type anion exchange resin is prepared by the following steps: 1.7kg of anion exchange resin is crushed to obtain resin powder of 100-150 meshes; adding the resin powder into 0.8kg of nitric acid with the mass concentration of 10%, and reacting for 5min at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the nitrogen type anion exchange resin.

Preparation example 2

The nitrogen type anion exchange resin is prepared by the following steps: 1.5kg of anion exchange resin is crushed to obtain resin powder of 100-150 meshes; adding the resin powder into 0.6kg of nitric acid with the mass concentration of 15%, and reacting at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 10min to obtain the nitrogen type anion exchange resin.

Preparation example 3

The nitrogen type anion exchange resin is prepared by the following steps: 0.5kg of anion exchange resin is crushed to obtain resin powder with the particle size of 100-150 meshes; adding the resin powder into 1.6kg of nitric acid with the mass concentration of 10%, uniformly stirring, and drying at the temperature of 20 ℃ to obtain the nitrogen type anion exchange resin.

Examples

Example 1

The composition for preventing and treating the rhubarb furfur cores is prepared by the following preparation steps:

step 1, screening 8kg of kitchen waste to remove impurities, removing impurities such as plastics and metal fragments, performing dry-wet separation under the condition that the extrusion pressure is 10MPa, and performing aerobic reaction on the obtained dry matter of the kitchen waste, 0.5kg of palm skin, 0.8kg of straw, 0.2kg of cornstalk and 0.2kg of composite bacteria at 70 ℃ for 12 hours to prepare a nutrient;

step 2, uniformly mixing 1.2kg of the calcium microporous molecular sieve powder prepared in the first preparation example, 1.5kg of the nitrogen anion exchange resin prepared in the first preparation example, 0.1kg of 3-methoxycatechol, 0.1kg of ferrocene and 0.1kg of sodium alginate, and then carrying out ball milling to prepare a conditioner;

and 3, mixing the nutritional agent prepared in the step 1 and the conditioner prepared in the step 2, homogenizing, and reacting at 40 ℃ for 10min to prepare the composition.

Example 2

step 1, screening 10kg of kitchen waste to remove impurities, removing impurities such as plastics and metal fragments, performing dry-wet separation under the condition that the extrusion pressure is 20MPa, and performing aerobic reaction on dry matter of the obtained kitchen waste, 1.5kg of bagasse, 1.2kg of straws, 0.8kg of cotton straws and 0.5kg of composite bacteria at 80 ℃ for 8 hours to prepare a nutrient;

step 2, mixing 2.8kg of the calcium microporous molecular sieve powder prepared in the first preparation example, 2.5kg of the nitrogen anion exchange resin prepared in the first preparation example, 0.2kg of 3-methoxycatechol, 0.25kg of ferrocene and 0.3kg of sodium alginate uniformly, and then carrying out ball milling to prepare a conditioner;

Example 3

step 1, screening 10kg of kitchen waste to remove impurities, removing impurities such as plastics and metal fragments, performing dry-wet separation under the condition that the extrusion pressure is 16MPa, and performing aerobic reaction on dry matter of the obtained kitchen waste, 0.1kg of palm skin, 1.2kg of bagasse, 1kg of corn stalk, 0.7kg of cotton stalk and 0.4kg of composite bacteria at 80 ℃ for 10 hours to prepare a nutrient;

step 2, mixing 2.8kg of the calcium microporous molecular sieve powder prepared in the first preparation example, 2.5kg of the nitrogen anion exchange resin prepared in the first preparation example, 0.2kg of 3-methoxycatechol, 0.25kg of ferrocene and 0.2kg of sodium alginate uniformly, and then carrying out ball milling to prepare a conditioner;

Example 4

The difference from example 3 is that the husk wastes are 0.5kg of palm husk and 1kg of bagasse, and the rest is the same as example 3.

Example 5

The difference from example 4 is that 0.8kg of straw, 0.5kg of corn stalk and 0.7kg of cotton stalk, which are the same as example 4, are used as the straw waste.

Example 6

The difference from example 5 is that the calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder obtained in preparation example two was used, and the rest was the same as example 5.

Example 7

The difference from example 5 is that the calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder obtained in preparation example three was used, and the rest was the same as example 5.

Example 8

The difference from example 5 is that the calcium-type microporous molecular sieve powder obtained in preparation example four was used, and the rest was the same as example 5.

Example 9

The difference from example 5 is that the calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder obtained in preparation example five was selected and the rest was the same as example 5.

Example 10

The difference from example 6 is that the nitrogen-type anion exchange resin obtained in preparation example 2 was used, and the rest was the same as example 6.

Example 11

The difference from example 6 is that the nitrogen-type anion exchange resin obtained in preparation example 3 was used, and the rest was the same as example 6.

Example 12

The difference from the example 10 is that the amount of each raw material component in the step 2 is different, and the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 2kg of the calcium microporous molecular sieve powder prepared in the second preparation example, 2kg of the nitrogen anion exchange resin prepared in the second preparation example, 0.15kg of 3-methoxycatechol, 0.15kg of ferrocene and 0.22kg of sodium alginate, and then carrying out ball milling to prepare a conditioner; the rest is the same as in example 10.

Comparative example

Comparative example 1

The difference from example 12 is that the calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder was replaced with the same amount of microporous molecular sieve powder, and the rest was the same as example 12.

Comparative example 2

The difference from example 12 is that 3-methoxycatechol was not added, and the same as example 12 was repeated.

Comparative example 3

step 1, screening 10kg of kitchen waste to remove impurities, removing impurities such as plastics and metal fragments, and then carrying out aerobic reaction with 0.1kg of palm peels, 1.2kg of bagasse, 1kg of corn stalks, 0.7kg of cotton stalks and 0.4kg of composite bacteria at 25 ℃ for 10 hours to prepare a nutrient;

step 2, mixing 2kg of the calcium microporous molecular sieve powder prepared in the second preparation example, 2kg of the nitrogen anion exchange resin prepared in the second preparation example, 0.15kg of 3-methoxycatechol, 0.15kg of ferrocene and 0.1kg of sodium alginate uniformly, and then carrying out ball milling to prepare a conditioner;

and 3, mixing and homogenizing the nutritional agent prepared in the step 1 and the conditioner prepared in the step 2 to prepare the composition.

Comparative example 4

The difference from example 12 is that no conditioning agent was added, and the rest is the same as example 12.

Performance test

The compositions prepared in examples 1-12 and comparative examples 1-4 were subjected to organic matter mass fraction (on a drying basis), total organic matter amount, and humic acid content in accordance with NY 525-2021 "organic fertilizer" series of standards, and the results are shown in Table 2.

The compositions prepared in examples 1 to 12 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were uniformly filled in soil tanks, and the volume weight of soil was maintained at 1.3g/cm³Opening a rainfall machine to start the preliminary adjustment of rainfall intensity, starting an artificial rainfall test after uniform rainfall and stable rainfall, continuously carrying out the artificial rainfall test once every day for 20 days, controlling the total rainfall amount to be 10 mm in 12 hours and the rainfall time to be 2 hours, utilizing the artificial rainfall test to research the organic matter loss condition in the compositions prepared in the examples 1-12 and the comparative examples 1-4, measuring the content of organic matters in the compositions after the artificial rainfall test, and measuring the content of the organic matters in the compositions after the artificial rainfall testThe organic matter loss rate was calculated and the results are reported in table 2.

TABLE 2

As can be seen from examples 1 to 5 in combination with table 2, in the preparation of the nutritional agent, the husk waste is selected from palm husk and bagasse, and the straw waste is selected from straw, corn stalk and cotton stalk for compounding, so that the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the fermentation process can be effectively adjusted, the full progress of the fermentation reaction can be better promoted, the organic matter content, the total organic matter content and the humic acid content in the composition can be improved, the nutritional nutrients are sufficient, and the bran cores of crops due to insufficient nutrition can be effectively reduced; after full fermentation reaction, the nutrient also contains a certain amount of organic matters with cementing action, and the nutrient and the conditioner synergistically improve the nutrient-retaining capacity of the composition.

It can be seen from examples 5 to 9 in combination with table 2 that, the calcium-type microporous molecular sieve powders prepared in different preparation examples are selected, the organic matter content, the total organic matter content and the humic acid content of the composition are not greatly different, and the calcium-type microporous molecular sieve powders prepared in preparation examples three and preparation example four are respectively used in examples 7 and 8, but because the calcium gluconate, the microporous molecular sieve powder and the water consumption in preparation example three are relatively unbalanced, the preparation example four only uniformly mixes the raw material components and then dries and forms, and does not react and calcine, so that the calcium ion loading in the calcium-type microporous molecular sieve powder is small and unstable, and therefore, when the external water is too much, the nutrient can not be well preserved, and the loss rate of the effective component is increased. In the fifth preparation example, calcium chloride is selected to replace calcium gluconate, and the system contains chloride ions, so that the fifth preparation example has certain influence on the absorption of nutrients by crops and the reduction of nutrient loss. As can be seen from Table 2, the calcium microporous molecular sieve powder prepared in preparation example II has better synergistic effect with other raw materials.

It can be seen from examples 6 and 10-12 in combination with Table 2 that the nitrogen-type anion exchange resins prepared in different preparation examples have certain influence on the nutrient storage capacity of the composition, and the nitrogen-type anion exchange resin prepared in preparation example 2 has better synergistic effect with other raw materials. Example 12 reasonable adjustment of the amounts of the raw material components in the conditioner also improves the nutrient storage capacity of the composition to a certain extent and reduces the nutrient loss rate.

By the embodiment 1, the comparative examples 1-2 and the comparative example 4 and the combination of the table 2, it can be seen that, no matter the calcium microporous molecular sieve powder is replaced by the same amount of microporous molecular sieve powder, 3-methoxycatechol is not added, or no conditioner is added, the influence on the initial nutrient content in the composition is small, but after the artificial rainfall test, the nutrient loss is serious, the nutrient loss rate of organic matters is high, the phenomenon of chaff core of rhubarb crops is easy to occur in the cultivation process, and the effective control on the chaff core of rhubarb crops cannot be achieved due to the lack or replacement of the substances. As can be seen from the example 1 and the comparative example 3 in combination with the table 2, in the comparative example 2, in the preparation process of the nutrient, the normal temperature fermentation is performed, the nutrient content in the composition is low, a certain amount of substances with a cementing effect cannot be generated, the prepared nutrient and the conditioner are directly mixed, the nutrient and the conditioner cannot have a better synergistic effect, and the nutrient loss rate is obviously increased.

Planting test

The test field is Gansu province Longnan city Li county, the soil is mountain brown soil, the average content of organic matters in 0-20cm plough layer soil is 16.8g/kg, the total nitrogen content of the soil is 0.81g/kg, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen is 68.2mg/kg, the average content of quick-acting phosphorus in the soil is 10.29mg/kg, the average content of quick-acting potassium in the soil is 149.2mg/kg, and the average content of quick-acting iron, quick-acting manganese, quick-acting copper, quick-acting zinc and quick-acting boron in the soil is 8.301mg/kg, 6.974 mg/kg, 0.474mg/kg, 1.26mg/kg and 0.67mg/kg respectively.

The test field is a rhubarb seedling in the growth period of 1 year, which is divided into 18 equal parts on average, and the equal parts are numbered 1 to 18 respectively, and correspond to examples 1 to 12, comparative examples 1 to 4, conventional fertilizer and blank control in sequence. The blank control is not treated, and the conventional fertilizer application amount is as follows: 5 kg/mu of nitrogenous fertilizer, 3.6 kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer and 2.3 kg/mu of potash fertilizer; the fertilizer application amount is 300 kg/mu. Continuously applying for 2 years in a base fertilizer period, and harvesting after the accumulated growth of rhubarb is 3 years, wherein the rhubarb is a medicinal plant mainly comprising harvested rootstocks, and the reed head length, the main root thickness, and whether the bran center and the single root weight of the root of the rhubarb are important indexes for measuring the root development quality of the rhubarb; the root development indexes of 15 rhubarb plants randomly extracted from each test site include root length, main root diameter, chaff center diameter and single root weight, wherein the chaff center diameter is based on the cross section of the position with the largest main root diameter, and the results are recorded in table 3.

TABLE 3

As can be seen from Table 3, the bran of rhubarb was significantly reduced using the compositions prepared in examples 1 to 12, the average bran diameter did not exceed 0.3cm, and there was no bran phenomenon when rhubarb was planted using the compositions prepared in examples 10 and 12. As can also be seen from Table 3, the growth of rhubarb was superior to that of comparative examples 1 to 4 and the blank control as well as the conventional fertilizer group in each of examples 1 to 12. In addition, the average root length of the rhubarb can reach 35.1cm, the average main root thickness can reach 8cm, and the average single root weight can reach 1.7kg, so that the proposal of the application not only can effectively prevent and treat the pityriasis of the rhubarb, but also can promote the growth of the roots of rhubarb plants, and is favorable for the accumulation of medicinal active substances.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. The composition for preventing and treating the rhubarb bran cores is characterized by comprising a nutritional agent and a conditioning agent;

the nutrient comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of kitchen waste, 5-15 parts of shell waste, 10-20 parts of straw waste and 2-5 parts of composite bacteria;

2. The composition for preventing and treating the rhubarb furfuryl core as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-6 parts of calcium gluconate and 10-22 parts of microporous molecular sieve powder.

3. The composition for preventing and treating the rhubarb furfuryl core as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the calcium type microporous molecular sieve powder is prepared by the following steps: weighing calcium gluconate and microporous molecular sieve powder according to a ratio, adding into water with the mass of 2-4 times that of the calcium gluconate, uniformly stirring, reacting at 50-80 ℃ for 60-80 min, and roasting at 220-260 ℃ for 50-100 min to obtain the calcium microporous molecular sieve powder.

4. The composition for controlling the rhubarb furfuryl core as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the nitrogen type anion exchange resin comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of nitric acid with the mass concentration of 10-20% and 10-17 parts of anion exchange resin.

5. The composition for preventing and treating the rhubarb furfuryl core as claimed in claim 4, wherein the composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the nitrogen type anion exchange resin is prepared by the following steps: weighing anion exchange resin according to the proportion, and crushing to obtain resin powder; weighing nitric acid according to a ratio, adding the resin powder into the nitric acid, and reacting at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ to obtain the nitrogen type anion exchange resin.

6. The composition for preventing and treating the rhubarb furfuryl core as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the husk waste is palm husk and/or bagasse.

7. The composition for controlling the rhubarb furfuryl core as claimed in claim 1 or 6, which is characterized in that: the straw waste is at least one of straw, corn stalk and cotton stalk.

8. The preparation method of the composition for preventing and treating the rhubarb furfuryl core as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:

9. The preparation method of the composition for preventing and treating the rhubarb furfuryl core as claimed in claim 8, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: in the step 1, the kitchen waste is extruded under the pressure of 20-40MPa to realize dry-wet separation.