CN114111479B - Tunnel blasting auxiliary hole arrangement method - Google Patents
Tunnel blasting auxiliary hole arrangement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114111479B CN114111479B CN202010882805.9A CN202010882805A CN114111479B CN 114111479 B CN114111479 B CN 114111479B CN 202010882805 A CN202010882805 A CN 202010882805A CN 114111479 B CN114111479 B CN 114111479B
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- hole
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- tunnel
- auxiliary hole
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009430 construction management Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel blasting auxiliary hole arrangement method, which comprises the following steps: ① Designing hole network parameters of auxiliary holes according to the grade and the cross-sectional area of surrounding rocks of the tunnel; ② Arranging a horizontal line according to the positions of the cut holes and the peripheral holes; ③ Shifting the contour line of the tunnel face inwards layer by layer until the contour line intersects with the upper row of undercut holes; ④ Arranging auxiliary holes at the positions where the horizontal lines intersect with the inward-moving contour lines; ⑤ And (5) fine-tuning the position of the auxiliary hole according to the setting requirement of the detonating circuit and the uniform explosive energy distribution principle. The method disclosed by the invention can fully exert the energy of explosive explosion, and the auxiliary holes are distributed in a straight line, so that a constructor can conveniently determine the detonator section required by the blast hole, and the blasting effect is ensured; the method is simple and convenient to operate in practical application, is beneficial to on-site construction management, and has obvious economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering blasting, in particular to a tunnel blasting auxiliary hole arrangement method.
Background
Along with the development of science and technology, engineering construction mechanization and automation gradually become trend. Wherein, the drilling is started to change with the drill jumbo to some tunnels in fields such as railway, highway, water conservancy, metallurgy, and its drilling speed is fast, is favorable to improving blasting tunneling speed. In addition, the rock drilling trolley adopts a scanner to realize the accurate positioning of the rock drilling trolley in the tunnel, then the blasting design diagram is led into a computer, automatic drilling can be realized without the need of the palm face to trace points, and parameters such as drilling angle, position, depth and the like are controlled by the computer. Thus, the design of the blasting parameters is particularly important. However, in the current situation, the factor of manual charging and connection of an initiating circuit cannot be considered in the blasting parameter design, and auxiliary holes in the upper half part of the face are arranged in an arc shape, so that the blasting circuit is affected due to the fact that the mine pipe is easily mixed during charging of workers, and then the blasting effect is not ideal, and the tunneling progress is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a tunnel blasting auxiliary hole arrangement method, which can ensure that the auxiliary hole blasting parameters designed by a designer are convenient for a field worker to correctly use detonator sections, thereby ensuring the accuracy of detonating network connection, further ensuring the blasting effect, and has simple and convenient operation in practical application, is beneficial to field construction management and has obvious economic and social benefits.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
A tunnel blasting auxiliary hole arrangement method, characterized by comprising: ① Designing hole network parameters of auxiliary holes according to the grade and the cross-sectional area of surrounding rocks of the tunnel; ② Arranging a horizontal line according to the positions of the cut holes and the peripheral holes; ③ Shifting the contour line of the tunnel face inwards layer by layer until the contour line intersects with the upper row of undercut holes; ④ Arranging auxiliary holes at the positions where the horizontal lines intersect with the inward-moving contour lines; ⑤ Fine tuning the position of the auxiliary hole according to the setting requirement of the detonating circuit and the explosive energy uniform distribution principle;
The first inward offset distance of the profile line is the thickness of the photo-explosion layer, and the later inward offset distance is set according to the explosion resistance line calculated by 0.8-1.1 times;
The horizontal lines are arranged according to the explosion resistance lines calculated by 0.6-1.0 times of the intervals;
The auxiliary hole position fine adjustment requires adding a hole in the center position, and the adjacent blast holes are adjusted towards two sides.
The invention is characterized in that the blasting resistance line of the auxiliary hole is determined by the surrounding rock grade of the tunnel and the diameter of the blast hole, and the range of the resistance line is generally 0.9 m-1.5 m for the blast hole with the diameter of 40 mm.
The invention is characterized in that detonator segments in the detonating circuit gradually decrease towards the center according to the sequence of the peripheral hole and the auxiliary hole.
A preferred embodiment of the invention is characterised in that the principle of uniform distribution of the explosive energy generally requires that the auxiliary aperture locations be distributed approximately triangularly.
The invention is characterized in that the pore network parameters and the initiating circuit of the auxiliary pores can be determined by drawing design through software, such as AutoCAD software, self-contained software of a drilling trolley and hopeful CAD.
The auxiliary hole arrangement method of the invention has the working principle that: by arranging the auxiliary holes at the intersecting positions of the horizontal line and the inward-moving contour line, the auxiliary holes are arranged in a straight line under the condition of meeting the principle of uniform distribution of explosive energy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. The blasting parameters obtained by the design method provided by the invention are convenient for field workers to connect the priming circuit, so that the accuracy of the connection of the priming circuit is ensured, the blasting effect is further ensured, the construction progress is improved, and the field construction management is facilitated;
2. The design method provided by the invention is simple and convenient to operate in practical application, and the designed blast hole position and the detonating circuit can fully exert the explosive energy of the explosive, so that the specific charge of the explosive is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a tunnel blasting auxiliary hole arrangement method provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
For III-level surrounding rock, the overall stability is good, so that the blasting circulation footage is taken to be 3.2m, the utilization rate of blast holes is taken to be 91%, and the depth of the blast holes is taken to be 3.5m. The full area is 90m2.
The consumption of the unit explosive can be calculated according to a modified Prussian formula:
Wherein f is a rock firmness coefficient, and f=8-10 for class iii surrounding rocks; k 0 is a correction factor considering explosive force, k 0 =525/P, p=260 ml; s is the cross-sectional area, and q=0.65-0.75 kg/m 3 is calculated.
According to engineering analogy, the consumption of similar engineering unit explosives is 0.80kg/m < 3 >.
Comprehensive analysis is carried out, and the consumption of the unit explosive per cycle rock mass is selected to be 0.80kg/m < 3 >.
The density coefficient m is taken to be 1.2, i.e. m=a/b=1.2, and the hole charge coefficient is taken to be 0.6, i.e. each hole charge length is 2.1m. For Φ32 emulsion explosive, the linear density is 1kg/m, namely the average loading per blast hole is q 1 =2.1 kg. Therefore, the row pitch b is calculated as:
wherein q 1 is the average loading of a single hole, and 2.1kg is taken; m is a dense coefficient, and 1.2 is taken; q is the specific explosive consumption, and 0.80kg/m 3 is taken; l is the cyclic footage, taking 3.2m. The average pitch b=0.85 m and the average pitch a=1m were calculated. Therefore, the auxiliary hole pitch is 1.0m, and the auxiliary hole pitch is 1.1-1.3 m.
Referring to fig. 1, the tunnel blasting auxiliary hole arrangement method of the present invention is characterized in that the method comprises: ① Designing hole network parameters of the auxiliary holes 1 according to the grade and the cross-sectional area of the surrounding rock of the tunnel; ② A horizontal line 4 is arranged according to the positions of the cut holes 2 and the peripheral holes 3; ③ Shifting the contour line 5 of the face inwards layer by layer until the contour line intersects with the upper row of undercut holes; ④ An auxiliary hole 1 is arranged at a position where the horizontal line 4 intersects with the inward movement contour line 6; ⑤ The position of the auxiliary hole 1 is finely adjusted according to the setting requirements of the detonating circuit 7 and the principle of uniform distribution of explosive energy.
Referring to fig. 1, the first inward offset distance of the contour line 5 is the thickness of the photo-explosive layer, and the subsequent inward offset distance is set by 1.0 times the calculated explosion resistance line.
Referring to fig. 1, the horizontal lines 4 are arranged at a pitch of 0.8 times the calculated blast resistance lines.
Referring to fig. 1, the fine adjustment of the position of the auxiliary hole requires that a hole is added at the center position, and the adjacent blast holes are adjusted towards two sides.
Referring to fig. 1, the blast resistance line of the auxiliary hole 1 is determined by the tunnel surrounding rock grade and the blast hole diameter, and the resistance line range is taken to be 1.0m for a blast hole with a diameter of 40 mm.
Referring to fig. 1, the detonator segments in the priming circuit 7 gradually decrease from the peripheral hole 3 to the auxiliary hole 1 to the center, namely, MS15 to MS13 to MS11 to MS9 to MS7 to MS5.
Referring to fig. 1, the principle of uniform distribution of explosive energy generally requires that the auxiliary holes 1 be distributed as triangularly as possible.
Referring to fig. 1, the network parameters of the auxiliary holes 1 and the priming circuit 7 can be determined by software for drawing design, such as AutoCAD software, self-contained software of a drilling jumbo, hopefully CAD.
Referring to fig. 1, the working principle of the tunnel blasting auxiliary hole arrangement method of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: by arranging the auxiliary holes 1 at the positions where the horizontal line 4 intersects the inward movement contour line 6, the auxiliary holes 1 are arranged in a straight line under the principle of satisfying the uniform distribution of the explosive energy.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, but rather as various changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which may be made therein without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A tunnel blasting auxiliary hole arrangement method, characterized by comprising: ① Designing hole network parameters of auxiliary holes according to the grade and the cross-sectional area of surrounding rocks of the tunnel; ② Arranging a horizontal line according to the positions of the cut holes and the peripheral holes; ③ Shifting the contour line of the tunnel face inwards layer by layer until the contour line intersects with the upper row of undercut holes; ④ Arranging auxiliary holes at the positions where the horizontal lines intersect with the inward-moving contour lines; ⑤ Fine tuning the position of the auxiliary hole according to the setting requirement of the detonating circuit and the explosive energy uniform distribution principle;
the first inward offset distance of the profile line is the thickness of the photo-explosion layer, and the later inward offset distance is set according to the explosion resistance line calculated by 0.8-1.1 times;
the horizontal lines are arranged according to the explosion resistance lines calculated by 0.6-1.0 times of the intervals;
The auxiliary hole position fine adjustment requires adding a hole in the center position, and the adjacent blast holes are adjusted towards two sides.
2. The tunnel blasting auxiliary hole arrangement method according to claim 1, wherein the blasting resistance line of the auxiliary hole is determined by the tunnel surrounding rock grade and the hole diameter, and the blasting resistance line ranges from 0.9m to 1.5m for a hole having a diameter of 40 mm.
3. A tunnel blasting auxiliary hole arrangement method according to claim 1, wherein the detonator sections in the priming circuit are stepped down towards the centre in a peripheral hole to auxiliary hole sequence, respectively.
4. The tunnel blasting auxiliary hole arrangement method according to claim 1, wherein the explosive energy uniform distribution principle requires the auxiliary hole positions to be distributed in a triangle shape.
5. The tunnel blasting auxiliary hole arrangement method according to claim 1, wherein the hole network parameters and the initiating circuit of the auxiliary hole are determined by drawing design through AutoCAD software, or drilling jumbo self-contained software, or hopefully CAD software.
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CN115077315B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2024-06-25 | 山东多邦汇德信息技术有限公司 | Tunnel blast hole distribution scheme acquisition method based on rock drilling rack structure |
CN117592317B (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-05-10 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Tunnel wedge-shaped cut blasting design method based on multiple geological information |
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