CN114027133A - Coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure and improvement method - Google Patents
Coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure and improvement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114027133A CN114027133A CN202111313795.8A CN202111313795A CN114027133A CN 114027133 A CN114027133 A CN 114027133A CN 202111313795 A CN202111313795 A CN 202111313795A CN 114027133 A CN114027133 A CN 114027133A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
- A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/06—Watering arrangements making use of perforated pipe-lines located in the soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure and an improvement method, belonging to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, and comprising the following components in sequence from bottom to top: the straw-stalk planting device comprises a compact layer, a straw layer, a first gauze layer, a cavernous body layer, a second gauze layer and a planting layer, wherein pipelines are distributed in the cavernous body layer, and water-soluble calcium salt solution or water can be conveyed into the cavernous body layer through the pipelines; through setting up compact layer, straw layer in soil below, can prevent salt in the groundwater from upwards soaking upper soil, set up pipeline and cavernosum on the straw layer, can make to be full of water-soluble calcium salt solution in the cavernosum, even groundwater shifts up, also can get into the cavernosum, replaces out the sodium salt through the calcium salt to through water discharge soil, thereby delay the emergence of "returning salt" phenomenon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, and particularly relates to a coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure and an improvement method.
Background
The saline-alkali soil is characterized in that due to the fact that salt content in the soil is abnormal, physicochemical properties of the soil are changed, growth of vegetation is affected, and large-area land resources cannot be utilized. At present, the land resources are more and more tense, and how to effectively treat and efficiently utilize saline-alkali soil is an urgent problem to be solved.
Coastal saline-alkali soil is one of the types, and the formation reason is generally that the groundwater level is shallow, and the ground surface evaporation is strong and the capillary action of soil is added, so that the groundwater continuously reaches the ground surface through the capillary action and then evaporates.
At present, the following methods are generally adopted for improving the coastal saline-alkali soil: engineering method, namely burying a hidden pipe, and draining salt through precipitation; biological control, namely adding organic fertilizer in soil, planting salt-tolerant plants and the like; chemical treatment, namely adding soil conditioners and the like into soil; in actual use, the method is combined to reduce the salt content of the soil. However, the saline-alkali soil treated by the method can reduce the salt content in a short time and is suitable for cultivation, but the salt in the underground water can continuously move to the surface layer of the soil due to climate, geology and other reasons, namely, the method can not effectively relieve the phenomenon of salt return, and the problem of coastal saline-alkali soil can not be effectively solved for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure and an improvement method aiming at the problem of salt return easily occurring in the current coastal saline-alkali soil treatment.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention aims to provide a coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure, which comprises the following components in sequence from bottom to top:
the straw-stalk planting net comprises a compact layer, a straw layer, a first gauze layer, a cavernous body layer, a second gauze layer and a planting layer, wherein pipelines are distributed in the cavernous body layer, and water-soluble calcium salt solution or water can be conveyed into the cavernous body layer through the pipelines.
Preferably, the distance between the dense layer and the ground surface is 40-60 cm.
Preferably, the straw layer is made of crushed straws, the length of the straws is 1-3 cm, and the laying thickness is 5-10 cm.
Preferably, the pipelines form a criss-cross and communicated grid structure, and the area of any grid is 1-2 m2And the pipe wall of the pipeline is provided with a plurality of water through ports.
Preferably, the thickness of the sponge layer is 7-12 cm.
Preferably, the water-soluble calcium salt is one or more of calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, calcium bicarbonate, calcium bisulfate, calcium hypochlorite or calcium permanganate.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a coastal saline-alkali soil improvement method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, deeply ploughing the saline-alkali soil to be treated, transferring the deeply ploughed soil, exposing an underground soil layer, and compacting the underground soil layer to form a compact layer;
s2, crushing the straws, paving the crushed straws above the compact layer, and paving a first gauze layer above the straw layer;
s3, paving a first sponge layer on the first gauze layer, paving a pipeline on the first sponge layer, filling a second sponge layer between the surface of the pipeline and the pipeline, and paving a second gauze layer above the second sponge layer;
s4, filling soil transferred after deep ploughing of S1 above the second gauze layer, and after filling, performing flood irrigation on the filled soil to drain salt;
s5, conveying water-soluble calcium salt solution into the first cavernous body layer and the second cavernous body through pipelines to replace salt in the soil, replacing the water-soluble calcium salt solution with water, and discharging the replaced salt out of the soil through the water;
and S6, applying organic fertilizer to the filled soil, planting vegetation, and regularly repeating the S5 salt elimination process in the vegetation growth process to complete the improvement of the coastal saline-alkali soil.
Preferably, in S5, the time for replacing the salt in the soil with the water-soluble calcium salt solution is 2-4 days.
Preferably, in S5, the time period for discharging the replaced salt out of the soil with water is 1 to 3 days.
Preferably, in the S6, the salt elimination process of S5 is repeated every 20-30 days in the vegetation growth process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the compact layer and the straw layer are arranged below the soil, so that salt in underground water can be prevented from upwards immersing into the upper soil, the pipeline and the sponge layer are arranged above the straw layer, the sponge layer can be filled with water-soluble calcium salt solution through the pipeline, even if the underground water moves upwards, the underground water can enter the sponge, sodium salt is replaced by the calcium salt and is discharged out of the soil through water, and in the treatment process, the calcium salt and the water can be introduced into the pipeline at any time according to needs, and the sodium salt is periodically discharged, so that the occurrence of a salt return phenomenon is delayed;
(2) through the structure, even if the upper soil is filled with the original saline-alkali soil to be treated, the salt in the soil is discharged through the salt discharge method through flood irrigation after the filling, in the process of flood irrigation, the water on the upper layer can also downwards permeate into the sponge body and is discharged through the pipeline instead of directly entering underground water, and after the flood irrigation is finished, water-soluble calcium salt can be introduced into the sponge body, sodium salt in the sponge is replaced, the water is introduced again, the sodium salt is discharged, the risk of rising of the salt content of the underground water is reduced, and the salt return phenomenon is indirectly delayed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a soil improvement structure for coastal saline-alkali soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a detailed structure of the pipe and the sponge layer in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the pipe laying of FIG. 2;
description of reference numerals:
1. dense layer, 2, straw layer, 3, first gauze layer, 4, pipeline, 5, cavernosum layer, 51, first cavernosum layer, 52, second cavernosum layer, 6, second gauze layer, 7, planting layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood and implemented by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the following specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments are not meant to limit the present invention. The experimental methods and the detection methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials are commercially available, unless otherwise specified.
The invention provides a coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure, which comprises the following components in sequence from bottom to top as shown in figures 1-3:
the straw-stalk-type cultivation device comprises a compact layer 1, a straw layer 2, a first gauze layer 3, a cavernous body layer 5, a second gauze layer 6 and a planting layer 7, wherein pipelines 4 are distributed in the cavernous body layer 5, and water-soluble calcium salt solution or water can be conveyed into the cavernous body layer 5 through the pipelines 4.
The invention arranges the compact layer and the straw layer below the soil, which can prevent the salt in the underground water from upwards immersing into the upper soil, arranges the pipeline and the cavernous body layer above the straw layer, and the cavernous body layer can be filled with water-soluble calcium salt solution through the pipeline, even if the underground water moves upwards, the underground water can enter the cavernous body, the sodium salt is replaced by the calcium salt and is discharged out of the soil through the water, and in the treatment process, the calcium salt and the water can be introduced into the pipeline at any time according to the requirement, and the sodium salt is discharged periodically, thereby delaying the occurrence of the phenomenon of 'salt return'.
Wherein, compact layer 1 is 40 ~ 60cm apart from the earth's surface, and straw layer 2 is kibbling straw, and the length of straw is 1 ~ 3cm, lays thickness and is 5 ~ 10cm, and pipeline 4 has constituted vertically and horizontally staggered and the latticed structure that communicates, and the area of arbitrary check is 1 ~ 2m2The pipe wall of the pipeline 4 is provided with a plurality of water through openings, the sponge layer 5 comprises a first sponge layer 51, a second sponge layer and the like 52, the thickness of the first sponge layer and the thickness of the second sponge layer are 7-12 cm in total, and the water-soluble calcium salt is one or more of calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, calcium bicarbonate, calcium bisulfate, calcium hypochlorite or calcium permanganate.
The method for improving the coastal saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
s1, deeply ploughing the saline-alkali soil to be treated, transferring the deeply ploughed soil, exposing an underground soil layer, and compacting the underground soil layer to form a compact layer 1;
s2, crushing the straws, paving the crushed straws above the compact layer 1, and paving a first gauze layer 3 above the straw layer 2, wherein the first gauze layer 3 plays a role in fixing the straws;
s3, laying a first sponge layer 51 on the first gauze layer 3, then laying a pipeline 4 on the first sponge layer 51, filling a second sponge layer 52 between the surface of the pipeline 4 and the pipeline 4, laying a second gauze layer 6 above the second sponge layer 52, wherein the second gauze layer 6 plays a role of fixing the sponge;
s4, filling soil transferred after deep ploughing of S1 above the second gauze element layer 6, and after filling, performing flood irrigation on the filled soil to drain salt; 3, arranging a salt drainage ditch in soil, laying a salt drainage pipe in the salt drainage ditch, leveling the ground surface, performing flood irrigation and salt drainage after water is supplied, and taking water from a water drainage pipe opening to detect the salt content;
s5, conveying water-soluble calcium salt solution into the first sponge body layer 51 and the second sponge body 52 through the pipeline 4, replacing salt in the soil for 2-4 days, then replacing the water-soluble calcium salt solution with water for 1-3 days, and discharging the replaced salt out of the soil through the water;
s6, applying an organic fertilizer (any component in the prior art, 40 parts of dried chicken manure, 30 parts of furnace ash, 21 parts of bean pulp, 12 parts of straw, 5 parts of potassium mineral powder, 3 parts of vitamin additive, 0.8 part of sweet clover, 0.1 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 part of barium carbonate and 0.2 part of potassium sulfate) to the filled soil, planting vegetation, and repeating the S5 salt elimination process every 20-30 days in the growth process of the vegetation, thereby completing the improvement of the coastal saline-alkali soil.
The above-described matters will be specifically explained by the following specific examples.
Example 1
A coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure comprises from bottom to top:
the straw-stalk-type calcium chloride planting device comprises a compact layer 1, a straw layer 2, a first gauze layer 3, a cavernous body layer 5, a second gauze layer 6 and a planting layer 7, wherein pipelines 4 are distributed in the cavernous body layer 5, and calcium chloride aqueous solution or water can be conveyed into the cavernous body layer 5 through the pipelines 4.
A coastal saline-alkali soil improvement method comprises the following steps:
s1, deeply ploughing the saline-alkali soil to be treated, transferring the deeply ploughed soil, exposing an underground soil layer, and tamping the underground soil layer to form a compact layer 1, wherein the compact layer 1 is 40cm away from the ground surface;
s2, crushing the straws, wherein the length of the straws is 1-3 cm, the straws are laid above the compact layer 1, the laying thickness is 5cm, and then the first gauze layer 3 is laid above the straw layer 2;
s3, laying a first sponge layer 51 on the first gauze layer 3, and laying the pipelines 4 on the first sponge layer 51, wherein the pipelines 4 form a criss-cross and communicated grid structure, and the area of any grid is 1m2A plurality of water through holes are formed in the pipe wall of the pipeline 4, a second sponge layer 52 is filled between the surface of the pipeline 4 and the pipeline 4, the thickness of a sponge layer 5 formed by a first sponge layer 51 and the second sponge layer 52 is 7cm, and a second gauze layer 6 is laid above the second sponge layer 52;
s4, filling soil transferred after deep ploughing of S1 above the second gauze element layer 6, and after filling, performing flood irrigation on the filled soil to drain salt;
s5, conveying a calcium chloride aqueous solution into the first sponge body layer 51 and the second sponge body 52 through the pipeline 4, replacing salt in the soil for 2 days, replacing the calcium chloride aqueous solution with water, treating the water for 1 day, and discharging the replaced salt out of the soil through the water;
s6, applying organic fertilizer to the filled soil, planting apple trees, and repeating the S5 salt elimination process every 20 days in the growth process of the apple trees to finish the improvement of the coastal saline-alkali soil.
Example 2
A coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure comprises from bottom to top:
the straw-stalk planting net comprises a compact layer 1, a straw layer 2, a first gauze layer 3, a cavernous body layer 5, a second gauze layer 6 and a planting layer 7, wherein pipelines 4 are distributed in the cavernous body layer 5, and calcium nitrate water solution or water can be conveyed into the cavernous body layer 5 through the pipelines 4.
A coastal saline-alkali soil improvement method comprises the following steps:
s1, deeply ploughing the saline-alkali soil to be treated, transferring the deeply ploughed soil, exposing an underground soil layer, and tamping the underground soil layer to form a compact layer 1, wherein the compact layer 1 is 60cm away from the ground surface;
s2, crushing the straws, wherein the length of the straws is 1-3 cm, the straws are laid above the compact layer 1, the laying thickness is 10cm, and then the first gauze layer 3 is laid above the straw layer 2;
s3, laying a first sponge layer 51 on the first gauze layer 3, and laying a pipeline 4 on the first sponge layer 51, wherein the pipeline 4 forms a criss-cross and communicated grid structure, and the area of any grid is 2m2A plurality of water through holes are formed in the wall of the pipeline 4, a second sponge layer 52 is filled between the surface of the pipeline 4 and the pipeline 4, the thickness of a sponge layer 5 formed by a first sponge layer 51 and the second sponge layer 52 is 12cm, and a second gauze layer 6 is laid above the second sponge layer 52;
s4, filling soil transferred after deep ploughing of S1 above the second gauze element layer 6, and after filling, performing flood irrigation on the filled soil to drain salt;
s5, conveying a calcium nitrate water solution into the first sponge body layer 51 and the second sponge body 52 through the pipeline 4, replacing the salt in the soil for 4 days, replacing the water-soluble calcium salt solution with water, treating the water for 3 days, and discharging the replaced salt out of the soil through the water;
s6, applying organic fertilizer to the filled soil, planting apple trees, and repeating the S5 salt elimination process every 30 days in the growth process of the apple trees to finish the improvement of the coastal saline-alkali soil.
Example 3
A coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure comprises from bottom to top:
the straw-stalk planting net comprises a compact layer 1, a straw layer 2, a first gauze layer 3, a cavernous body layer 5, a second gauze layer 6 and a planting layer 7, wherein pipelines 4 are distributed in the cavernous body layer 5, and calcium nitrate water solution or water can be conveyed into the cavernous body layer 5 through the pipelines 4.
A coastal saline-alkali soil improvement method comprises the following steps:
s1, deeply ploughing the saline-alkali soil to be treated, transferring the deeply ploughed soil, exposing an underground soil layer, and tamping the underground soil layer to form a compact layer 1, wherein the compact layer 1 is 50cm away from the ground surface;
s2, crushing the straws, wherein the length of the straws is 1-3 cm, the straws are laid above the compact layer 1, the laying thickness is 8cm, and then the first gauze layer 3 is laid above the straw layer 2;
s3, laying a first sponge layer 51 on the first gauze layer 3, and laying the pipelines 4 on the first sponge layer 51, wherein the pipelines 4 form a criss-cross and communicated grid structure, and the area of any grid is 1.5m2A plurality of water through holes are formed in the wall of the pipeline 4, a second sponge layer 52 is filled between the surface of the pipeline 4 and the pipeline 4, the thickness of a sponge layer 5 formed by a first sponge layer 51 and the second sponge layer 52 is 10cm, and a second gauze layer 6 is laid above the second sponge layer 52;
s4, filling soil transferred after deep ploughing of S1 above the second gauze element layer 6, and after filling, performing flood irrigation on the filled soil to drain salt;
s5, conveying a calcium nitrate aqueous solution into the first sponge body layer 51 and the second sponge body 52 through the pipeline 4, replacing the salt in the soil for 4 days, replacing the calcium nitrate aqueous solution with water, treating the water for 3 days, and discharging the replaced salt out of the soil through the water;
s6, applying organic fertilizer to the filled soil, planting apple trees, and repeating the S5 salt elimination process every 25 days in the growth process of the apple trees to finish the improvement of the coastal saline-alkali soil.
Example 4
A coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure comprises from bottom to top:
the straw-stalk-type hydrogen sulfate cultivation device comprises a compact layer 1, a straw layer 2, a first gauze layer 3, a cavernous body layer 5, a second gauze layer 6 and a planting layer 7, wherein pipelines 4 are distributed in the cavernous body layer 5, and calcium hydrogen sulfate aqueous solution or water can be conveyed into the cavernous body layer 5 through the pipelines 4.
A coastal saline-alkali soil improvement method comprises the following steps:
s1, deeply ploughing the saline-alkali soil to be treated, transferring the deeply ploughed soil, exposing an underground soil layer, and tamping the underground soil layer to form a compact layer 1, wherein the compact layer 1 is 50cm away from the ground surface;
s2, crushing the straws, wherein the length of the straws is 1-3 cm, the straws are laid above the compact layer 1, the laying thickness is 5cm, and then the first gauze layer 3 is laid above the straw layer 2;
s3, laying a first sponge layer 51 on the first gauze layer 3, and laying the pipelines 4 on the first sponge layer 51, wherein the pipelines 4 form a criss-cross and communicated grid structure, and the area of any grid is 1m2A plurality of water through holes are formed in the wall of the pipeline 4, a second sponge layer 52 is filled between the surface of the pipeline 4 and the pipeline 4, the thickness of a sponge layer 5 formed by a first sponge layer 51 and the second sponge layer 52 is 12cm, and a second gauze layer 6 is laid above the second sponge layer 52;
s4, filling soil transferred after deep ploughing of S1 above the second gauze element layer 6, and after filling, performing flood irrigation on the filled soil to drain salt;
s5, conveying a calcium bisulfate aqueous solution into the first sponge body layer 51 and the second sponge body 52 through the pipeline 4, replacing the salt in the soil for 3 days, replacing the calcium bisulfate aqueous solution with water, treating the water for 2 days, and discharging the replaced salt out of the soil through the water;
s6, applying organic fertilizer to the filled soil, planting apple trees, and repeating the S5 salt elimination process every 25 days in the growth process of the apple trees to finish the improvement of the coastal saline-alkali soil.
Comparative example 1
Deeply ploughing the saline-alkali soil to be treated, performing flood irrigation and salt elimination on the deeply ploughed soil, adding an organic fertilizer, and planting the apple trees.
Comparative example 2
And (3) deeply ploughing the saline-alkali soil to be treated by adopting the method described in the embodiment 1, except that the neutral soil is filled above the second gauze element layer 6S 4, and then planting the apple trees.
Comparative example 3
Saline-alkali soil without any treatment.
In order to verify the treatment effect of the method of the present invention, the soil treated by the methods of the above examples to 4 (after 90 days of improvement) and comparative examples 1 to 3 was examined and analyzed, and the results are shown in table 1:
table 1 data of soil test results of each group
| pH value of soil | Sodium salt content (%) | Apple tree coverage (%) | |
| Example 1 | 7.8 | 0.25 | 52 |
| Example 2 | 7.6 | 0.21 | 55 |
| Example 3 | 7.7 | 0.27 | 50 |
| Example 4 | 7.9 | 0.31 | 57 |
| Comparative example 1 | 9.0 | 0.8 | 28 |
| Comparative example 2 | 8.5 | 0.6 | 35 |
| Comparative example 3 | 9.2 | 1.5 | 10 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the comparative example 1 adopts the conventional method, only the upper layer of the soil is subjected to salt flood irrigation and salt drainage, organic fertilizer is applied, and apple trees are planted, the structure provided by the invention is not adopted, compared with the comparative example 1, the pH value of the soil treated for 90 days is obviously reduced in the examples 1 to 4, compared with the comparative example 1 which is not subjected to any treatment, the pH value of the soil treated for 1 to 4 is slightly reduced, but is higher than that of the examples 1 to 4, compared with the comparative example 2, the comparative example 2 is directly replaced by the soil dressing, and the pH value is higher than that of the comparative example 2, so that the salt return phenomenon occurs in the comparative example 1, which shows that the compact layers, the straw layers, the pipelines and the sponge layers are arranged below the soil in the examples 1 to 4, the underground saline-alkali can be effectively reduced and returned to the upper layer of soil, because the arrangement can prevent the salt in the underground water from upwards immersing into the upper layer of soil, set up pipeline and cavernosum above the straw layer, can make to be full of water-soluble calcium salt solution in the cavernosum through the pipeline, even groundwater shifts up, also can get into the cavernosum, replaces out the sodium salt through the calcium salt to through water discharge soil, and at treatment in-process, can let in above-mentioned calcium salt and water to the pipeline as required at any time, regularly discharge the sodium salt, thereby delay the emergence of "returning salt" phenomenon.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that such changes and modifications be included within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a coastal saline and alkaline land soil improvement structure which comprises from bottom to top in proper order:
the straw-stalk-type artificial turf cultivation material comprises a compact layer (1), a straw layer (2), a first gauze screen layer (3), a cavernous body layer (5), a second gauze screen layer (6) and a planting layer (7), wherein pipelines (4) are distributed in the cavernous body layer (5), and water-soluble calcium salt solution or water can be conveyed into the cavernous body layer (5) through the pipelines (4).
2. The coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure of claim 1, wherein the dense layer (1) is 40-60 cm away from the ground surface.
3. The coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure of claim 1, wherein the straw layer (2) is crushed straw, the length of the straw is 1-3 cm, and the laying thickness is 5-10 cm.
4. The coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure of claim 1, wherein the pipelines (4) form a criss-cross and communicated grid structure, and the area of any grid is 1-2 m2And the pipe wall of the pipeline (4) is provided with a plurality of water through ports.
5. The coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the sponge layer (5) is 7-12 cm.
6. The coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure of claim 1, wherein the water-soluble calcium salt is one or more of calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, calcium bicarbonate, calcium hydrogen sulfate, calcium hypochlorite or calcium permanganate.
7. A coastal saline-alkali soil improvement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, deeply ploughing the saline-alkali soil to be treated, transferring the deeply ploughed soil, exposing an underground soil layer, and tamping the underground soil layer to form a compact layer (1);
s2, crushing the straws, paving the crushed straws above the compact layer (1), and paving a first gauze layer (3) above the straw layer (2);
s3, paving a first sponge layer (51) on the first gauze layer (3), paving a pipeline (4) on the first sponge layer (51), filling a second sponge layer (52) between the surface of the pipeline (4) and the pipeline (4), and paving a second gauze layer (6) above the second sponge layer (52);
s4, filling soil transferred after deep ploughing of S1 above the second gauze element layer (6), and after filling, performing flood irrigation on the filled soil to drain salt;
s5, conveying water-soluble calcium salt solution into the first sponge body layer (51) and the second sponge body (52) through the pipeline (4), replacing salt in the soil, replacing the water-soluble calcium salt solution with water, and discharging the replaced salt out of the soil through the water;
and S6, applying organic fertilizer to the filled soil, planting vegetation, and regularly repeating the S5 salt elimination process in the vegetation growth process to complete the improvement of the coastal saline-alkali soil.
8. The method for improving the soil in the coastal saline-alkali soil of claim 7, wherein in S5, the time for replacing the salt in the soil with the water-soluble calcium salt solution is 2-4 days.
9. The method for improving a soil in a coastal saline-alkali soil according to claim 7, wherein the time for discharging the replaced salt out of the soil with water in S5 is 1 to 3 days.
10. The method for improving the coastal saline-alkali soil according to claim 7, wherein in the step S6, the step S5 of removing the salt is repeated every 20 to 30 days during the vegetation growth process.
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| CN202111313795.8A CN114027133B (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2021-11-08 | Coastal saline-alkali soil improvement structure and improvement method |
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| CN114027133B CN114027133B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN207083403U (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2018-03-13 | 天津绿茵景观生态建设股份有限公司 | A kind of salt-soda soil layering improvement desalting system |
| CN109168379A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-11 | 内蒙古农业大学 | One kind pressing salt desalting system for Saline-alkali Land In Hetao Irrigation Region |
| CN111567176A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-25 | 天津市方正园林建设监理中心 | Saline-alkali soil greening improvement method |
| AU2020102841A4 (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2020-12-17 | Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Binhai, Tianjin) | A soil improvement methods for saline-alkaline land |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN207083403U (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2018-03-13 | 天津绿茵景观生态建设股份有限公司 | A kind of salt-soda soil layering improvement desalting system |
| CN109168379A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-11 | 内蒙古农业大学 | One kind pressing salt desalting system for Saline-alkali Land In Hetao Irrigation Region |
| CN111567176A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-25 | 天津市方正园林建设监理中心 | Saline-alkali soil greening improvement method |
| AU2020102841A4 (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2020-12-17 | Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Binhai, Tianjin) | A soil improvement methods for saline-alkaline land |
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