CN114027125A - Sweet potato early standardized planting method based on early planting and harvesting - Google Patents
Sweet potato early standardized planting method based on early planting and harvesting Download PDFInfo
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- CN114027125A CN114027125A CN202111312723.1A CN202111312723A CN114027125A CN 114027125 A CN114027125 A CN 114027125A CN 202111312723 A CN202111312723 A CN 202111312723A CN 114027125 A CN114027125 A CN 114027125A
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an early standardized sweet potato planting method based on early planting and harvesting, and relates to the field of standardized sweet potato planting. The sweet potato early standardized planting method based on early planting and harvesting comprises the following steps: planting the sweet potato seedlings after selection on a preset ridge; carrying out primary drip irrigation treatment on the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges according to a set drip irrigation mode; fertilizing the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges; carrying out weeding treatment and deinsectization treatment on the ground where the sweet potato seedlings are planted; carrying out secondary drip irrigation treatment on the sweet potato seedlings subjected to weeding treatment and deinsectization treatment according to a set drip irrigation mode; and after the sweet potato seedlings grow into mature sweet potatoes, breaking ridges and harvesting the mature sweet potatoes. The sweet potato early standardized planting method based on early planting and harvesting can improve the planting efficiency and is beneficial to the early planting and harvesting of the sweet potatoes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of standardized planting of sweet potatoes, in particular to an early standardized planting method of sweet potatoes based on early field planting and harvesting.
Background
The sweet potato has high nutritive value and wide application, is a raw material for manufacturing starch, alcohol and sugar and is an important feed crop, deep ploughing and ridging are generally adopted for sweet potato cultivation, the conventional single-ridge and single-row technology is widely applied to the field of plant cultivation, but the traditional single-ridge and single-row land utilization efficiency is low, and the yield of the sweet potatoes is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an early standardized planting method of sweet potatoes based on early planting and harvesting, which can improve the planting efficiency and is beneficial to the early planting and harvesting of the sweet potatoes.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides an early standardized planting method of sweet potatoes based on early planting and harvesting, which is used for early planting and harvesting the sweet potatoes and comprises the following steps:
planting the sweet potato seedlings after selection on a preset ridge;
carrying out primary drip irrigation treatment on the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges according to a set drip irrigation mode;
fertilizing the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges;
carrying out weeding treatment and deinsectization treatment on the ground where the sweet potato seedlings are planted;
carrying out secondary drip irrigation treatment on the sweet potato seedlings subjected to weeding treatment and deinsectization treatment according to a set drip irrigation mode;
and after the sweet potato seedlings grow into mature sweet potatoes, breaking ridges and harvesting the mature sweet potatoes.
Further, in an optional embodiment, the step of planting the sweet potato seedlings after selection on the preset ridges comprises:
ridging according to a preset ridge distance to form the preset ridge;
and planting the sweet potato seedlings after selection on the preset ridges to form a double-row planting form of the sweet potato seedlings.
Further, in an optional embodiment, in the step of forming the preset ridges according to the preset ridge distance, the preset ridge distance ranges from 95cm to 110cm, and the top ridge width ranges from 40cm to 50 cm.
Further, in an optional embodiment, the step of cultivating the sweet potato seedlings after selection on a preset ridge further comprises a sweet potato seedling selection step;
the sweet potato seedling selection method comprises the following steps:
selecting seed potato blocks which are premature, high-yield and disease-resistant sweet potato varieties, are fat and full, have bright skin color and fresh meat quality;
carrying out seedling breeding on the selected seed potato blocks;
and (4) sun-drying the bred sweet potato seedlings for a preset time to obtain the sweet potato seedlings.
Further, in an optional embodiment, the step of performing a first drip irrigation treatment on the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges according to a set drip irrigation mode comprises:
installing a drip irrigation device on the preset ridge;
after the first preset number of days after planting, carrying out drip irrigation watering on the sweet potato seedlings through the drip irrigation device;
and after the sweet potato seedlings are planted for the second preset number of days, fertilizing the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges, wherein the second preset number of days is more than or equal to the first preset number of days.
Further, in an optional embodiment, in the step of installing the drip irrigation device on the preset ridge, the drip irrigation device is erected above the preset ridge on which the sweet potato seedlings are planted, and a nozzle of the drip irrigation device corresponds to the sweet potato seedlings.
Further, in optional embodiment, the drip irrigation device includes support body, water container and drip irrigation pipe, the support body erects on the ridge, water container installs on the support body for the water that the storage is used for driping irrigation, the quantity of drip irrigation pipe is a plurality of, and each drip irrigation pipe's one end all with water container connects, the other end corresponds treats the sweet potato seedling of driping irrigation.
Further, in an optional embodiment, in the step of performing the first drip irrigation treatment on the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges according to the set drip irrigation mode and the step of performing the fertilization treatment on the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges, fertilizer is dissolved in tap water according to a set proportion; in the first drip irrigation treatment, tap water containing a fertilizer dissolved therein is stored in the water storage container, and the drip irrigation water is water to which a fertilizer is applied.
The sweet potato early standardized planting method based on early planting and harvesting provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the sweet potato early standardized planting method based on early planting and harvesting provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps: firstly, planting sweet potato seedlings after selection on a preset ridge, and then carrying out primary drip irrigation treatment, fertilization treatment, weeding treatment and deinsectization treatment on the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridge according to a set drip irrigation mode; then, carrying out secondary drip irrigation treatment on the sweet potato seedlings subjected to weeding treatment and deinsectization treatment according to a set drip irrigation mode; and after the sweet potato seedlings grow into mature sweet potatoes, breaking ridges and harvesting the mature sweet potatoes. The embodiment of the invention selects the sweet potato seedlings with high quality for planting, which is beneficial to improving the survival rate of the sweet potato seedlings. Meanwhile, in the planting process, the requirements of sweet potato crops on moisture and nutrition can be met by performing primary drip irrigation treatment and secondary drip irrigation treatment, so that the planting efficiency is further improved. The sweet potato early-stage standardized planting method based on early planting and harvesting can improve the planting efficiency and is beneficial to early planting and harvesting of sweet potatoes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is appreciated that the following drawings depict only certain embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. For a person skilled in the art, it is possible to derive other relevant figures from these figures without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a process of an early standardized sweet potato planting method based on early planting and harvesting according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a flow chart of the sub-step of step S110 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a flow chart of the sub-steps of step S200 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a drip irrigation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment provides a sweet potato early standardized planting method based on early field planting and harvesting, which is used for early field planting and harvesting of sweet potatoes, can improve the planting efficiency and is beneficial to the early field planting and harvesting of the sweet potatoes.
It should be noted that the standardized planting method provided in the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for the advanced setting and harvesting of sweet potatoes, and the standardized planting method is preferably suitable for sweet potatoes, and the applicability to standardized planting of other crops is unknown. That is, the standardized planting method proposed in the embodiment of the present invention may be applicable only to the advanced setting and harvesting of sweet potatoes.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for early standardized planting of sweet potatoes based on early planting and harvesting comprises the following steps.
Step S100: and planting the sweet potato seedlings after selection on a preset ridge.
First, in step S100, the substep S110 is included: selecting sweet potato seedlings, namely selecting the sweet potato seedlings with higher survival rate;
referring to fig. 2, the sub-step S110 includes: substep S111: selecting seed potato blocks which are premature, high-yield and disease-resistant sweet potato varieties, are fat and full, have bright skin color and fresh meat quality; substep S112: carrying out seedling breeding on the selected seed potato blocks; and, substep S113: and (4) sun-drying the bred sweet potato seedlings for a preset time to obtain the sweet potato seedlings. The size of the seed potato blocks is generally 20cm, but other sizes are also possible, and the embodiment of the invention does not require or limit the size. According to the embodiment of the invention, the bred potato seedlings can be sun-cured for a preset time, so that the healthy potato seedlings which are free of plant diseases and insect pests and 20cm long can be obtained.
It should be noted that, in other embodiments of the present invention, after substep S113, soaking the sweet potato seedlings in the sterilization slurry for sterilization, and sun-drying for 2-3 days, and then stacking the sweet potato seedlings in a cool and humid place, after the seed potato pieces germinate, obtaining the sweet potato seedlings, so that the survival rate of the sweet potato seedlings planted in step S100 is higher, the quality of the sweet potato seedlings is higher, and the improvement of the planting efficiency is facilitated.
For the preset ridge, in an alternative embodiment, the step S100 of planting the sweet potato seedlings after selection on the preset ridge further comprises a substep S120 and a substep S130.
Substep S120: ridging according to a preset ridge distance to form a preset ridge;
in step S120, the parameters of ridging are substantially: the preset ridge distance range of the ridges is between 95cm and 110cm, and the ridge width range at the top is between 40cm and 50 cm.
Preferably, the preset ridge distance of the ridges is 100cm, 105cm and the like; the width range of the top ridge is 40cm, 50cm and the like. The embodiment of the invention does not make specific requirements and limitations on the preset ridge distance and the preset top ridge width of the ridge, namely, the ridge can be flexibly set according to the actual situation.
Substep S130: and planting the sweet potato seedlings after selection on the preset ridges to form a double-row planting form of the sweet potato seedlings.
It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, sweet potato seedlings are planted near the top of the ridge, i.e. two rows of sweet potato seedlings are planted on each ridge. The distance between the two rows of sweet potato seedlings is generally between 20cm and 30 cm. The two rows of sweet potato seedlings are planted on the same ridge, so that the utilization rate of the land can be improved, and the yield per mu is improved.
In the embodiment of the invention, the standardized planting method comprises the following steps of S200: carrying out primary drip irrigation treatment on the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges according to a set drip irrigation mode.
Referring to fig. 3, further, step S200 includes the following sub-steps: substep S210: installing a drip irrigation device on the preset ridge; substep S220: after the first preset number of days after planting, carrying out drip irrigation watering on the sweet potato seedlings through a drip irrigation device; substep S230: and after the sweet potato seedlings are planted for the second preset number of days, fertilizing the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges, wherein the second preset number of days is more than or equal to the first preset number of days.
It should be noted that the second preset number of days being greater than or equal to the first preset number of days refers to two cases: firstly, after the sweet potato seedlings are subjected to drip irrigation and watering by a drip irrigation device, fertilizing the sweet potato seedlings, wherein the second preset days are more than the first preset days; secondly, the sweet potato seedlings are subjected to fertilization treatment while the sweet potato seedlings are subjected to drip irrigation and watering by the drip irrigation device. For the second case, can dissolve fertilizer in the running water, again with the data who has dissolved fertilizer who the running water drips irrigation to sweet potato seedling, so both can save the step, can also improve planting efficiency.
In an alternative embodiment, in the step of installing the drip irrigation device on the preset ridge, the drip irrigation device is erected above the preset ridge on which the sweet potato seedlings are planted, and a nozzle of the drip irrigation device corresponds to the sweet potato seedlings.
Referring to fig. 4, the drip irrigation device may include a frame body, water storage containers and drip irrigation pipes, the frame body is erected on the ridges, the water storage containers are installed on the frame body for storing water for drip irrigation, the number of the drip irrigation pipes is plural, one end of each drip irrigation pipe is connected to the water storage container, and the other end of each drip irrigation pipe corresponds to a sweet potato seedling to be drip-irrigated.
The drip irrigation pipe can be provided with the plug, and the plug is only opened by the drip irrigation pipe needing drip irrigation, so that the waste of water is avoided, and the drip irrigation water quantity is favorably controlled.
In the embodiment of the invention, the standardized planting method comprises the following steps of S300: fertilizing sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges;
further, in an optional embodiment, in the step of performing the first drip irrigation treatment on the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges according to the set drip irrigation mode and the step of performing the fertilization treatment on the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges, the fertilizer is dissolved in tap water according to the set proportion; tap water in which a fertilizer is dissolved is stored in the water storage container, and in the first drip irrigation treatment step, the drip irrigation water is water to which the fertilizer is applied.
In the embodiment of the invention, the standardized planting method comprises the following steps of S400: and (4) carrying out weeding treatment and deinsectization treatment on the ground where the sweet potato seedlings are planted.
In the embodiment of the invention, the standardized planting method comprises the following steps of S500: and carrying out secondary drip irrigation treatment on the sweet potato seedlings subjected to weeding treatment and deinsectization treatment according to a set drip irrigation mode.
It should be noted that, during the second drip irrigation treatment, the drip irrigation water may be clear water or a fertilizer solution containing common fertilizer elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., and may be specifically determined according to the growth vigor of the crops, and the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited.
In the embodiment of the invention, the standardized planting method comprises the following steps of S600: after the sweet potato seedlings grow into mature sweet potatoes, breaking ridges and harvesting the mature sweet potatoes.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 4, the sweet potato early standardized planting method based on early planting and harvesting provided in this embodiment: firstly, planting sweet potato seedlings after selection on a preset ridge, and then carrying out primary drip irrigation treatment, fertilization treatment, weeding treatment and deinsectization treatment on the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridge according to a set drip irrigation mode; then, carrying out secondary drip irrigation treatment on the sweet potato seedlings subjected to weeding treatment and deinsectization treatment according to a set drip irrigation mode; and after the sweet potato seedlings grow into mature sweet potatoes, breaking ridges and harvesting the mature sweet potatoes. The embodiment of the invention selects the high-quality sweet potato seedlings for planting, which is beneficial to improving the sweet potato seedlings. The survival rate. Meanwhile, in the planting process, the requirements of sweet potato crops on moisture and nutrition can be met by performing primary drip irrigation treatment and secondary drip irrigation treatment, so that the planting efficiency is further improved. The sweet potato early-stage standardized planting method based on early planting and harvesting can improve the planting efficiency and is beneficial to early planting and harvesting of sweet potatoes.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description of the present invention are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It should also be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the connection may be direct or indirect via an intermediate medium, and may be a communication between the two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An early standardized sweet potato planting method based on early planting and harvesting is used for early planting and harvesting sweet potatoes and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
planting the sweet potato seedlings after selection on a preset ridge;
carrying out primary drip irrigation treatment on the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges according to a set drip irrigation mode;
fertilizing the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges;
carrying out weeding treatment and deinsectization treatment on the ground where the sweet potato seedlings are planted;
carrying out secondary drip irrigation treatment on the sweet potato seedlings subjected to weeding treatment and deinsectization treatment according to a set drip irrigation mode;
and after the sweet potato seedlings grow into mature sweet potatoes, breaking ridges and harvesting the mature sweet potatoes.
2. The early standardized planting method for sweet potatoes based on early planting and harvesting of claim 1, wherein the step of planting the sweet potato seedlings after selection on the preset ridges comprises the following steps:
ridging according to a preset ridge distance to form the preset ridge;
and planting the sweet potato seedlings after selection on the preset ridges to form a double-row planting form of the sweet potato seedlings.
3. The early standardized planting method of sweet potatoes based on early planting and harvesting as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step of ridging according to the preset ridge distance to form the preset ridge, the preset ridge distance ranges from 95cm to 110cm, and the top ridge width ranges from 40cm to 50 cm.
4. The early standardized planting method of sweet potatoes based on early planting and harvesting as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the step of planting the sweet potato seedlings after selection on the preset ridges further comprises the step of selecting the sweet potato seedlings;
the sweet potato seedling selection method comprises the following steps:
selecting seed potato blocks which are premature, high-yield and disease-resistant sweet potato varieties, are fat and full, have bright skin color and fresh meat quality; carrying out seedling breeding on the selected seed potato blocks;
and (4) sun-drying the bred sweet potato seedlings for a preset time to obtain the sweet potato seedlings.
5. The early standardized sweet potato planting method based on early planting and harvesting of claim 1, wherein the step of performing the first drip irrigation treatment on the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges according to the set drip irrigation mode comprises the following steps:
installing a drip irrigation device on the preset ridge;
after the first preset number of days after planting, carrying out drip irrigation watering on the sweet potato seedlings through the drip irrigation device;
and after the sweet potato seedlings are planted for the second preset number of days, fertilizing the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges, wherein the second preset number of days is more than or equal to the first preset number of days.
6. The early standardized sweet potato planting method based on early planting and harvesting of claim 5, wherein in the step of installing the drip irrigation device on the preset ridge, the drip irrigation device is erected above the preset ridge where the sweet potato seedlings are planted, and a nozzle of the drip irrigation device corresponds to the sweet potato seedlings.
7. The early standardized sweet potato planting method based on early planting and harvesting according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the drip irrigation device comprises a frame body, a water storage container and drip irrigation pipes, the frame body is erected on the ridge, the water storage container is installed on the frame body and used for storing water for drip irrigation, the number of the drip irrigation pipes is multiple, one end of each drip irrigation pipe is connected with the water storage container, and the other end of each drip irrigation pipe corresponds to the sweet potato seedling to be subjected to drip irrigation.
8. The early standardized planting method of sweet potatoes based on advanced planting and harvesting as claimed in claim 7, wherein fertilizer is dissolved in tap water in a set ratio in the steps of performing the first drip irrigation treatment of the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges in a set drip irrigation manner and performing the fertilization treatment of the sweet potato seedlings planted on the ridges; in the first drip irrigation treatment, tap water containing a fertilizer dissolved therein is stored in the water storage container, and the drip irrigation water is water to which a fertilizer is applied.
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