CN114014715A - Saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent, preparation method, fertilizer and seed dressing agent - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent, preparation method, fertilizer and seed dressing agent Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a salinized soil improvement and restoration agent, a preparation method, a fertilizer and a seed dressing agent, wherein the salinized soil improvement and restoration agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of diatomite, 5-10 parts of bentonite, 10-18 parts of charcoal, 5-10 parts of zeolite powder, 10-20 parts of a composite functional microbial inoculum, 20-40 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 12-15 parts of chitin and 3-5 parts of fulvic acid. The invention can reduce the salt content in the saline-alkali soil, improve the reproductive capacity of microbial strains and solve the problem that the saline-alkali soil is easy to harden.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soil treatment, in particular to a saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent, a preparation method, a fertilizer and a seed dressing agent.
Background
Saline-alkali soil is a kind of soil formed by salinization or alkalization, including saline soil, alkaline earth and various saline-alkali soil, the formation of the saline-alkali soil is mostly related to the accumulation of carbonate in the soil, and plants in serious saline-alkali soil regions can hardly survive. China is a country with widely distributed salinized soil, and the salt content in the salinized soil exceeds 0.3 percent, which causes soil hardening and fertility reduction, is not beneficial to crops to absorb nutrients and hinders the growth of the crops. As soil salinization is more and more serious, the saline-alkali soil is also under urgent repair and improvement, and at present, three types of saline-alkali soil repair and improvement measures are mainly adopted, including a physical improvement method, a chemical improvement method and a biological improvement method. The physical improvement method generally adopts an irrigation drainage system, methods such as flushing desalination, loosening cultivation, sand pressing and the like to achieve the purpose of improvement, but the physical improvement method has the problems of large engineering quantity, high cost, limited maintaining time, lack of fresh water resources and incapability of fundamentally improving soil salinization. The chemical improvement method generally adopts some acidic salt substances to improve the property of saline-alkali soil, can reduce the alkalinity of the soil, increase the cation replacement capacity of the soil and reduce the salt content of the soil, but has the problems of high cost and difficult operation. In the conventional biological improvement method, the soil salinization is improved by using plants, but the effect is slow, so microorganisms are increasingly applied to the improvement of the salinization soil in recent years.
N110606790A (application No. 201910865368.7) discloses a soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof, compared with the traditional soil conditioner, the soil conditioner adopts solid alkali or solid acid catalyst with a porous structure and wood dust, can lock a large amount of water and avoid water loss, and adopts organic matters such as straw, vinasse, animal waste and the like, so that the soil hardening condition is greatly relieved, the soil quality is looser, the air permeability is higher, but whether the technology has a promoting effect on the reduction of the soil salinity or not cannot be determined. CN104230600A (application No. 201410463730.5) discloses a saline-alkali soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof, the saline-alkali soil conditioner changes the physical and chemical environment of soil, improves the biochemical activity of the soil and reduces the salt content and alkalinity of the soil by selecting proper raw materials and proportion, but the microbial strains in the saline-alkali soil conditioner have the problems of poor reproductive capacity and incapability of effectively improving the hardening of saline-alkali soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a salinized soil improvement and restoration agent, a preparation method, a fertilizer and a seed dressing agent, which can solve the problems of poor reproductive capacity of microbial strains, high salt content in salinized soil and easiness in hardening of saline-alkali soil and achieve the purpose of improving and restoring the salinized soil. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of diatomite, 5-10 parts of bentonite, 10-18 parts of charcoal, 5-10 parts of zeolite powder, 10-20 parts of a composite functional microbial inoculum, 20-40 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 12-15 parts of chitin and 3-5 parts of fulvic acid.
Preferably, the composite functional microbial inoculum consists of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus, wherein the effective spore number of the bacillus subtilis is not less than 2 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, effective number of spores of Bacillus megaterium is not less than 1 × 1010cfu/g, effective number of spores of Bacillus mucilaginosus is not less than 1 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
Preferably, the biochar is obtained by carbonizing fruit tree branches; the fermented silkworm excrement is obtained by adopting static fermentation and turning over.
Preferably, the saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of bentonite, 18 parts of charcoal, 10 parts of zeolite powder, 10 parts of a composite functional microbial inoculum, 25 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 12 parts of chitin and 3 parts of fulvic acid; or 15 parts of diatomite, 10 parts of bentonite, 15 parts of charcoal, 10 parts of zeolite powder, 10 parts of a composite functional microbial inoculum, 20 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 15 parts of chitin and 5 parts of fulvic acid; or 15 parts of diatomite, 15 parts of bentonite, 15 parts of charcoal, 10 parts of zeolite powder, 10 parts of a composite functional microbial inoculum, 30 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 13 parts of chitin and 3 parts of fulvic acid; or, 20 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of charcoal, 5 parts of zeolite powder, 10 parts of a composite functional microbial inoculum, 35 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 12 parts of chitin and 3 parts of fulvic acid. Or 10 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of charcoal, 7 parts of zeolite powder, 10 parts of a composite functional microbial inoculum, 40 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 15 parts of chitin and 5 parts of fulvic acid.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the salinization soil improvement repairing agent, which comprises the following steps:
silkworm excrement fermentation;
charring fruit and wood branches;
grinding the silkworm excrement after fermentation and the carbonized fruit wood branches into fine powder;
adding diatomite, bentonite, zeolite powder, chitin, fulvic acid and a composite functional microbial inoculum into the fine powder according to a proportion;
and stirring uniformly to obtain the powdery salinization soil improvement repairing agent.
Preferably, the silkworm excrement fermentation comprises the following specific steps: and (3) fermenting the silkworm excrement for two months by adopting a static fermentation method, and turning over and stacking for 1 time every 6-7 days.
Preferably, the carbonization of the fruit wood branches comprises the following specific steps: carbonizing fruit tree branch at 400 deg.C.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps after the powdery saline-alkali soil improvement repairing agent is obtained: adjusting the water content of the powdery salinization soil improvement repairing agent to 30% -40%; spraying distilled water and 4% polyvinyl alcohol; the powdery saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent can be granulated by adopting a manual or mechanical method; and screening to obtain the granular saline-alkali soil improvement repairing agent.
The invention also provides a seed dressing agent, which comprises the salinization soil improvement repairing agent.
The invention also provides a seed dressing agent, which comprises the salinization soil improvement repairing agent.
When the salinized soil is repaired, if single beneficial bacteria are used, the repairing effect is easy to be unstable, and the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus megaterium and the bacillus mucilaginosus are used in combination, so that the diversity of microorganisms in the soil is improved, and the stability of the repairing effect is improved; the chitin and the fulvic acid can be used as the exciting factors of the microorganisms, so that the stable propagation of the microorganisms is facilitated; the silkworm excrement can provide a carbon source for the three microorganisms; the porous structures of the diatomite and the biochar can provide a hotbed for microbial growth and can also relieve the problem that saline-alkali soil is easy to harden; and the preparation process of the salinization soil improvement repairing agent is simple, the cost of the raw materials is low, the raw materials are only needed to be crushed and uniformly mixed, and the salinization soil improvement repairing agent is convenient to store, transport and apply after granulation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a repairing agent for improving salinized soil;
FIG. 2 is a bar graph of salt content after application of various components of a salinized soil improvement remediation agent;
FIG. 3 is a bar graph showing the variation of nitrogen content after application of various components of the saline soil amendment restoration agent;
FIG. 4 is a bar graph showing the variation of azotobacter abundance after different components of the saline soil improvement remediation agent are applied;
FIG. 5 is a bar graph of the change in bacterial abundance after application of various components of the salinated soil improvement remediation agent;
FIG. 6 is a bar graph of the change in fungal abundance applied to various compositions of a saline soil amendment remediation agent;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the ratio of raw materials in examples and comparative examples.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the biochar is obtained by carbonizing fruit tree branches at 400 ℃ under an anaerobic condition. The porous structures of the diatomite and the biochar can be used as space carriers for the propagation of microbial strains, and the natural porous structure nano minerals are used as the carriers to coat the microbial strains, so that the stability and the durability of the microbial strains in soil can be improved.
In the embodiment, the bentonite is a phyllosilicate clay mineral taking montmorillonite as a main mineral component, the water holding capacity of the cotton field can be improved by applying the bentonite, and if the bentonite and the organic matter are applied simultaneously, the effects of the bentonite and the organic matter can be improved simultaneously, so that the water and fertilizer holding capacity of the soil can be enhanced, and the utilization rate of water and nutrients of the soil can be improved.
In this example, the zeolite is a crystalline hydrated aluminosilicate composed of alkaline earth and alkaline earth cations and having an open three-dimensional structure, and the high adsorption and exchange properties of the zeolite are determined by its lattice structure. After the zeolite is added into the soil, the retention capacity of the soil on ammonium ions, phosphate ions and potassium ions can be improved, and the nutrient effectiveness is improved. It is shown by research that the application of zeolite can make the salt content in the soil tend to decrease, the alkalization degree decrease and the pH value of the soil play a buffering role.
In the embodiment, the silkworm excrement is a general term of solid excrement and urine discharged by silkworm in the silkworm breeding process, residual mulberry and padding in a silkworm seat, the organic matter content is 30-75%, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content is high, static fermentation is adopted for two months, pile turning is carried out for 1 time every 6-7 days, the pH of the silkworm excrement after complete fermentation is stable, the organic matter content and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content are both improved, and the silkworm excrement fertilizer has high fertilizer value.
In this embodiment, the chitin and fulvic acid are added as plant growth regulators, and can also be used as microbial stimulators to promote the colonization ability of microorganisms in soil.
In the embodiment, 3 microorganisms with nitrogen fixing, phosphorus dissolving and potassium dissolving functions are selected, the functions of the bacillus subtilis are comprehensive, a single bacillus subtilis has the functions of nitrogen fixing, phosphorus dissolving and potassium dissolving, the phosphorus dissolving function of the bacillus megaterium is strong, the silicon dissolving and potassium dissolving functions of a single bacillus mucilaginosus are strong, and the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements in soil is increased through the functions of the three microorganisms.
The embodiment provides a saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of bentonite, 15 parts of charcoal, 7 parts of zeolite powder and 10 parts of a composite functional microbial agent, wherein the composite functional microbial agent comprises 6 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of bacillus megatherium, 2 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 30 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 13 parts of chitin and 3 parts of fulvic acid.
In this embodiment, the complex functional microbial inoculum specifically includes: the effective number of spores of Bacillus subtilis is 2 × 1010cfu/g, effective number of spores of Bacillus megaterium is 1X 1010cfu/g, effective number of spores of Bacillus mucilaginosus is 1 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
Comparative example 1
The difference between the repairing agent and the example 1 is that the composite functional microbial inoculum does not contain bacillus subtilis, and the rest is the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 2
The difference between the repairing agent and the example 1 is that the composite functional microbial inoculum does not contain bacillus megaterium, and the rest is the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 3
The difference between the repairing agent and the example 1 is that the composite functional microbial inoculum does not contain bacillus mucilaginosus, and the rest is the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 4
The difference between the repairing agent and the example 1 is that the composite functional microbial inoculum only contains bacillus subtilis, and the rest is the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 5
The difference between the saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent provided by the comparative example and the example 1 is that the composite functional microbial inoculum only contains bacillus megaterium, and the rest is the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 6
The difference between the repairing agent and the example 1 is that the composite functional microbial inoculum only contains bacillus mucilaginosus, and the rest is the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 7
The present comparative example provides a saline-alkali soil improvement and remediation agent, which is different from example 1 in that the saline-alkali soil improvement and remediation agent does not contain fermented silkworm excrement, and the other steps are the same as those of example 1.
Comparative example 8
The present comparative example provides a saline-alkali soil improvement and remediation agent, which is different from example 1 in that the saline-alkali soil improvement and remediation agent does not contain fermented silkworm excrement, and the other steps are the same as those of example 1.
Comparative example 9
The difference between the saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent provided by the comparative example and the example 1 is that 20 parts of composite functional microbial inoculum comprises 12 parts of bacillus subtilis, 4 parts of bacillus megaterium and 4 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, and the rest is the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 10
The difference between the saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent provided by the comparative example and the example 1 is that 20 parts of composite functional microbial inoculum comprises 0 part of bacillus subtilis, 0 part of bacillus megaterium and 0 part of bacillus mucilaginosus, and the rest is the same as the example 1.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of diatomite, 10 parts of bentonite, 15 parts of charcoal, 10 parts of zeolite powder and 10 parts of a composite functional microbial agent, wherein the composite functional microbial agent comprises 4 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of bacillus megatherium, 3 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 20 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 15 parts of chitin and 5 parts of fulvic acid.
The rest is the same as the example 1, and the preparation of the raw materials and the preparation of the repairing agent are included.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of bentonite, 18 parts of charcoal, 10 parts of zeolite powder and 1 part of a composite functional microbial agent, wherein the composite functional microbial agent comprises 5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of bacillus megatherium, 2 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 25 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 12 parts of chitin and 3 parts of fulvic acid.
The rest is the same as the example 1, and the preparation of the raw materials and the preparation of the repairing agent are included.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of charcoal, 5 parts of zeolite powder and 1 part of a composite functional microbial agent, wherein the composite functional microbial agent comprises 5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of bacillus megatherium, 3 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 35 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 12 parts of chitin and 3 parts of fulvic acid.
The rest is the same as the example 1, and the preparation of the raw materials and the preparation of the repairing agent are included.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of charcoal, 7 parts of zeolite powder and 1 part of a composite functional microbial agent, wherein the composite functional microbial agent comprises 4 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of bacillus megatherium, 3 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 40 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 15 parts of chitin and 5 parts of fulvic acid.
The rest is the same as the example 1, and the preparation of the raw materials and the preparation of the repairing agent are included.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent, which comprises the following steps:
s10, fermenting silkworm excrement;
s20, carbonizing fruit trees;
s30, grinding the fermented silkworm excrement and the carbonized fruit wood branches into fine powder;
s40, adding diatomite, bentonite, zeolite powder, chitin, fulvic acid and a compound functional microbial inoculum into the fine powder according to a proportion;
and S50, uniformly stirring to obtain the powdery saline-alkali soil improvement repairing agent.
In this embodiment, the silkworm excrement fermentation S10 includes the following steps: and (3) fermenting the silkworm excrement for two months by adopting a static fermentation method, and turning over and stacking for 1 time every 6-7 days. The silkworm excrement is a general term for solid excrement and urine discharged by silkworm in the silkworm breeding process, residual mulberry and padding in a silkworm seat, the organic matter content is between 30 and 75 percent, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content is high, after complete fermentation, the pH is stable, the organic matter content and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content are both improved, and the fertilizer has high fertilizer value.
In this embodiment, the fruit tree branch carbonization S20 includes the specific steps of: carbonizing fruit tree branch at 400 deg.C. The fruit tree branches are carbonized at low temperature to obtain the biochar, and the porous structures of the biochar and the diatomite can be used as space carriers for the propagation of microbial strains. The natural porous structure nano mineral is used as a carrier to coat the microbial strains, so that the stability and the durability of the microorganisms in the soil can be improved.
In this embodiment, the method for obtaining the powdery saline-alkali soil improvement restoration agent further comprises the following steps: adjusting the water content of the powdery salinization soil improvement repairing agent to 30% -40%; spraying distilled water and 4% polyvinyl alcohol; granulating the powdery saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent by a manual or mechanical method; and screening to obtain the granular saline-alkali soil improvement repairing agent.
In this embodiment, water is added to the powdery salinization soil improvement repairing agent in batches until the water content is 30% -40%, and then distilled water and 4% polyvinyl alcohol dilute solution are sprayed by a spray can, six main granulation methods are currently adopted, namely stirring granulation, boiling granulation, spray drying granulation, pressure forming granulation, spraying and dispersion atomizing method and hot melting method, and a suitable method can be selected, for example, the powdery salinization soil improvement repairing agent is granulated by a stirring method or an extrusion method, and then is screened by a screen, so as to finally obtain the uniform granular salinization soil improvement repairing agent.
Example 7
In this example, a fertilizer is mentioned, and the saline-alkali soil improvement restoration agent described in any one of examples 1 to 5 is added in proportion.
The fertilizer in this example was prepared as described in any of examples 1-5 for preparing a material for a salinized soil amendment and formulated as a fertilizer for application to salinized soil for improvement according to the method of example 6.
Example 8
In this example, a seed dressing agent is provided, comprising the salinized soil improvement remediation agent of any one of examples 1-5.
The seed dressing agent in this example is the preparation material of the salinized soil improvement and remediation agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and is prepared as the seed dressing agent by the method of example 6, added to the seeds, and planted together with the seeds after being uniformly mixed.
Example 9
In this example, 1g of the saline-alkali soil improvement and remediation agent of examples 1 to 5 was weighed, sieved through a 2mm sieve, mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:25, and then measured with a pH meter to obtain a pH value shown in table 2:
| name (R) | pH |
| Example 1 | 5.47 |
| Example 2 | 5.56 |
| Example 3 | 5.45 |
| Example 4 | 5.54 |
| Example 5 | 6.22 |
| Comparative example 1 | 5.38 |
| Comparative example 2 | 5.11 |
| Comparative example 3 | 5.03 |
| Comparative example 4 | 4.8 |
| Comparative example 5 | 4.92 |
| Comparative example 6 | 7.48 |
| Comparative example 7 | 5.82 |
| Comparative example 8 | 6.24 |
| Comparative example 9 | 4.91 |
| Comparative example 10 | 7.45 |
TABLE 1 pH values of the saline soil improvement and restoration agents with different components
From table 1, it can be seen that the pH of the saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent added with the composite microbial component is acidic, which can reduce the pH value of the saline-alkali soil, while the pH of the formula of comparative example 6, in which only the colloid is added, and the formula of comparative example 6, in which no microbial component is added, is slightly alkaline, which cannot reduce the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil.
Example 10
In the embodiment, the air-dried soil is sieved by a 2mm sieve, 2.2kg of saline soil (the saline soil is taken from yellow river delta) is added into each pot, and soil improvement repairing agents with different formulas are added according to the proportion of 5% (w/w).
In this example, the seed was selected from grain 25, Ji, crop institute of agricultural sciences, Shandong province, and the seed was cultured in a climatic chamber under the following conditions: the day and night temperature was 28/25 deg.C, and the light and dark time was 12h, respectively, and each treatment was repeated 3 times. The method comprises the steps of selecting full millet seeds, planting the seeds in 0.5% saline soil, placing 20 seeds in each pot, adding equal amount of water into each pot, carrying out observation tests every day, watering once every three days, culturing for half a month, measuring the plant height index of the millet plants at the 15 th day, and measuring results are shown in table 3.
| Name (R) | Plant height (cm) |
| Example 1 | 27.48 |
| Example 2 | 26.92 |
| Example 3 | 28.43 |
| Example 4 | 26.4 |
| Example 5 | 25.92 |
| Comparative example 1 | 23.77 |
| Comparative example 2 | 26.74 |
| Comparative example 3 | 24.87 |
| Comparative example 4 | 26.73 |
| Comparative example 5 | 28.6 |
| Comparative example 6 | 23.02 |
| Comparative example 7 | 24.84 |
| Comparative example 8 | 28.68 |
| Comparative example 9 | 20.48 |
| Comparative example 10 | 22.84 |
TABLE 2 plant height of plants after application of various components of the saline soil improvement restoration agent
In this example, as can be seen from table 2, the effect of the saline-alkali soil improvement restoration agent added with the composite microbial component on plant height promotion is significantly higher than that of the saline-alkali soil improvement restoration agent without the microbial component,
in this example, biological indicators of nutrient components such as changes in soil salinity, pH, and soil nitrogen half month and one month after application of the soil improvement remediation agent, and changes in abundance of bacteria, fungi, and nitrogen-fixing functional microorganisms in soil 1 month after application were also examined, and the results are shown in table 3, table 4, table 5, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, and fig. 6.
| Name (R) | Abundance of nitrogen-fixing functional bacteria in per gram of dry soil (x 10)6) |
| Example 1 (silkworm excrement addition) | 174.35 |
| COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 7 (No additive) | 3.8 |
| Comparative example 8 (wormcast added) | 90.28 |
TABLE 3 abundance of nitrogen-fixing functional bacteria after application of different components of saline soil improvement remediation agent
| Name (R) | Abundance of total bacteria per gram of dry soil (× 10)10) |
| Example 1 (silkworm excrement addition) | 4.01 |
| COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 7 (No additive) | 2.43 |
| Comparative example 8 (wormcast added) | 3.3 |
TABLE 4 abundance of bacteria after application of various components of the saline soil improvement remediation Agents
| Name (R) | Abundance of fungi per gram of dry soil (x 10)8) |
| Example 1 (silkworm excrement addition) | 3.07 |
| COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 7 (No additive) | 2.37 |
| Comparative example 8 (wormcast added) | 2.79 |
TABLE 5 abundance of fungi after application of various components of the saline soil improvement remediation Agents
In the embodiment, the salt content of the soil is gradually reduced along with the application of the saline-alkali soil improvement remediation agent, and as can be seen from table 3 and fig. 4, the embodiment 2 remarkably improves the abundance of nitrogen-fixing functional bacteria in the soil; as can be seen from table 4 and fig. 5, the application of silkworm excrement significantly improved the abundance of bacteria in saline soil; as can be seen from table 5 and fig. 6, the application of silkworm excrement significantly increased the abundance of fungi in the soil.
In the embodiment, as can be seen from fig. 2, the salt content of the soil is gradually reduced along with the application of the saline-alkali soil improvement remediation agent, which proves that the saline-alkali soil improvement remediation agent in the embodiment can reduce the salinity of the soil; as can be seen from fig. 3, the content of inorganic nitrogen in the soil is significantly increased with the application of the salinized soil improvement repairing agent, which proves that the salinized soil improvement repairing agent in the embodiment can increase the nitrogen content in the soil.
Example 11
In the embodiment, yellow river delta is selected to be used as a field demonstration test, three soil improvement repairing agents of the embodiment 2, the embodiment 3 and the comparative example 7 are selected to be used for a seed dressing test, the seed dressing ratio is 5:1, the growth promotion effect on crops such as millet and sweet sorghum is researched, the main evaluation index is the crop yield, and the obtained results are shown in the table 7:
| name (R) | Millet single spike length (cm) | Weight of single ear of millet (g) |
| Blank control | 13.8 | 7.965 |
| Example 2 | 21.68 | 18.316 |
| Example 3 | 20.42 | 12.103 |
| Comparative example 7 | 14.58 | 7.605 |
| Sorghum Single spike length (cm) | Sorghum Single ear weight (g) | |
| Blank control | 23.736 | 66.482 |
| Example 2 | 22.245 | 44.064 |
| Example 3 | 23.755 | 70.186 |
| Comparative example 7 | 21.62 | 48.277 |
TABLE 6 influence on crops after application of different components of saline soil improvement remediation Agents
In this example, as can be seen from table 6, the soil improvement restoration agent in example 2 and the soil improvement restoration agent in example 3 were added to significantly increase the single ear length and the single ear weight of the crop compared to the blank control group to which the saline-alkali soil improvement restoration agent was not added, and it was confirmed that the saline-alkali soil improvement restoration agent in this example has a definite improvement effect on the restoration of saline soil.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of diatomite, 5-10 parts of bentonite, 10-18 parts of charcoal, 5-10 parts of zeolite powder, 10-20 parts of a composite functional microbial inoculum, 20-40 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 12-15 parts of chitin and 3-5 parts of fulvic acid.
2. The salinized soil improvement and restoration agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the complex functional microbial inoculum comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus, wherein the effective number of spores of the bacillus subtilis is not less than 2 x 1010cfu/g, effective number of spores of Bacillus megaterium is not less than 1 × 1010cfu/g, effective number of spores of Bacillus mucilaginosus is not less than 1 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
3. The salinized soil improvement and restoration agent according to claim 1, wherein the biochar is obtained after charring fruit tree branches, and the fermented silkworm excrement is obtained after static fermentation and pile turning.
4. The salinized soil improvement and restoration agent according to claim 1, wherein the salinized soil improvement and restoration agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
15 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of bentonite, 18 parts of charcoal, 10 parts of zeolite powder, 10 parts of a composite functional microbial inoculum, 25 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 12 parts of chitin and 3 parts of fulvic acid;
or 15 parts of diatomite, 10 parts of bentonite, 15 parts of charcoal, 10 parts of zeolite powder, 10 parts of a composite functional microbial inoculum, 20 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 15 parts of chitin and 5 parts of fulvic acid;
or 15 parts of diatomite, 15 parts of bentonite, 15 parts of charcoal, 10 parts of zeolite powder, 10 parts of a composite functional microbial inoculum, 30 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 13 parts of chitin and 3 parts of fulvic acid;
or, 20 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of charcoal, 5 parts of zeolite powder, 10 parts of a composite functional microbial inoculum, 35 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 12 parts of chitin and 3 parts of fulvic acid;
or 10 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of charcoal, 7 parts of zeolite powder, 10 parts of a composite functional microbial inoculum, 40 parts of fermented silkworm excrement, 15 parts of chitin and 5 parts of fulvic acid.
5. The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
silkworm excrement fermentation;
charring fruit and wood branches;
grinding the silkworm excrement after fermentation and the carbonized fruit wood branches into fine powder;
adding diatomite, bentonite, zeolite powder, chitin, fulvic acid and a composite functional microbial inoculum into the fine powder according to a proportion;
and stirring uniformly to obtain the powdery salinization soil improvement repairing agent.
6. The method for preparing the salinized soil improvement and restoration agent as claimed in claim 5, wherein the concrete steps of silkworm excrement fermentation are as follows: and (3) fermenting the silkworm excrement for two months by adopting a static fermentation method, and turning over and stacking for 1 time every 6-7 days.
7. The preparation method of the salinized soil improvement and restoration agent as claimed in claim 5, wherein the concrete steps of the carbonization of fruit wood branches are as follows: carbonizing fruit tree branch at 400 deg.C.
8. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent according to claim 5, wherein the method further comprises the following steps after obtaining the powdery saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent:
adjusting the water content of the powdery salinization soil improvement repairing agent to 30% -40%;
spraying distilled water and 4% polyvinyl alcohol;
the powdery saline-alkali soil improvement and restoration agent can be granulated by adopting a manual or mechanical method;
and screening to obtain the granular saline-alkali soil improvement repairing agent.
9. A fertilizer to which the salinized soil improvement and restoration agent as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is added in proportion.
10. A seed dressing agent comprising the salinized soil improvement remediation agent of any one of claims 1-4.
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