CN111196746A - Soil conditioner for vineyard - Google Patents
Soil conditioner for vineyard Download PDFInfo
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- CN111196746A CN111196746A CN201811362153.5A CN201811362153A CN111196746A CN 111196746 A CN111196746 A CN 111196746A CN 201811362153 A CN201811362153 A CN 201811362153A CN 111196746 A CN111196746 A CN 111196746A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil conditioner for a vineyard, which is prepared by uniformly mixing a plurality of microbial agents, desulfurization waste, attapulgite, vesuvianite, biomass slag, humic acid, polyacrylamide, a biological organic fertilizer and the like. The modifier can effectively improve the soil microenvironment, promote the balanced distribution of nutrients and realize the balanced absorption of the nutrients of the grapes, thereby realizing the increase of the yield and the improvement of the quality of the grapes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production, in particular to a vineyard soil conditioner.
Background
Along with the increase of the planting age, the health condition of the soil in the vineyard is increasingly reduced, the physical structure, the chemical property and the microbial diversity of the soil are continuously deteriorated, and if the problems of the soil are not timely repaired, the continuous production capacity of grapes is weakened and the quality of the grapes is reduced.
The grape is used as perennial deep root crops, the root system of the grape is developed, the amount of nutrients taken away from soil along with the harvest of grape berries is large every year, and in addition, the properties of the soil are worsened due to a large amount of secretion and toxin generated in the growth and development process of the root system, while the traditional planting mode focuses on applying chemical fertilizers, and the conditioning effect of organic matters and microorganisms on the soil is ignored.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a soil conditioner for a grapery capable of improving the microenvironment of the soil.
The vineyard soil conditioner provided by the invention is prepared by the following method:
photosynthetic bacteria culture: inoculating an indigenous photosynthetic bacteria strain screened from the soil of the grapery to a liquid culture medium of photosynthetic bacteria, performing light anaerobic culture, and culturing until the bacterial liquid grows to be deep red and is in a turbid state to obtain a photosynthetic bacteria bacterial liquid;
and (3) culturing phosphate solubilizing bacteria: selecting at least 2 strains with strong phosphorus dissolving capacity from indigenous phosphate solubilizing bacteria screened from the soil of the vineyard, respectively inoculating the strains into a liquid culture medium, and culturing to obtain at least 2 phosphate solubilizing bacteria liquid;
and (3) potassium bacteria culture: selecting at least 2 strains with strong phosphorus dissolving capacity from indigenous potassium-decomposing bacteria screened from the soil of the grapery, respectively inoculating the strains into a liquid culture medium, and culturing to obtain at least 2 potassium-decomposing bacteria liquid;
preparing raw materials: preparing desulfurization waste, attapulgite, volcanic rock, biomass furnace slag, humic acid and polyacrylamide to obtain part of raw materials to be used;
preparing a biological organic fertilizer: carrying out high-temperature composting aerobic fermentation on various animal and plant residues or metabolites, composting until the animal and plant residues or metabolites are completely decomposed, and drying until the water content is lower than 30% to obtain a bio-organic fertilizer;
preparing powder from bacterial liquid: respectively carrying out adsorption and air drying on photosynthetic bacteria liquid, at least 2 phosphate solubilizing bacteria liquid and at least 2 potassium solubilizing bacteria liquid to prepare photosynthetic bacteria powder, at least 2 phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder and at least 2 potassium solubilizing bacteria powder, wherein the at least 2 phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder are mixed into total phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder according to equal proportion, the at least 2 potassium solubilizing bacteria powder are mixed into total potassium solubilizing bacteria powder according to equal proportion, and the total phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder and the total potassium solubilizing bacteria powder are mixed according to the proportion of 1 part by mass of the irradiated photosynthetic bacteria powder, 1 part by mass of the total phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder and 1 part by mass of the total potassium solubilizing bacteria powder to prepare composite microorganism bacteria;
proportioning and mixing: uniformly mixing 12 wt% of desulfurization waste, 15 wt% of attapulgite, 11 wt% of volcanic rock, 13 wt% of biomass slag, 11 wt% of humic acid, 3 wt% of polyacrylamide, 33 wt% of bio-organic fertilizer and 2 wt% of compound microorganism bacteria to obtain the vineyard soil conditioner, and enabling the water content of the vineyard soil conditioner to be less than or equal to 30% by an air drying or shade drying method.
Preferably, the vineyard soil conditioner has a water content of less than 30%.
Preferably, the desulfurization waste is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the attapulgite is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the vesuvianite is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the biomass slag is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the humic acid is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the polyacrylamide is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the bio-organic fertilizer is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, and the composite microbial bacteria are larger than or equal to 6 meshes.
Compared with the prior art, the scheme has the following advantages and technical effects:
the phenomenon of high sodium salt content in the saline-alkali soil can be effectively improved under the action of the desulfurization waste, the surface accumulation of salt is inhibited through calcium ion exchange, the microenvironment of a root zone is improved, and the absorption of the grape to nutrients is promoted. The attapulgite clay is a clay mineral, and has the effects of effectively improving the granular structure and nutrient status of soil, promoting the growth and the downward binding of grape root systems, enhancing the porosity of the soil and increasing the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil.
The biological organic fertilizer and humic acid in the organic matters can increase the content of the organic matters in the soil, improve the growth environment of the root system of the grape, and promote the mineralization of nutrients and the absorption of the root system of the grape on the nutrients.
Besides being rich in organic matters and mineral potassium, the biomass slag has a porous structure and a large specific surface area, and can effectively promote the formation of a soil aggregate structure.
The polyacrylamide can effectively control the water content in the soil, ensure the balance of a large amount of trace nutrients, promote the balanced distribution of the nutrients and realize the balanced absorption of the nutrients of the grapes, thereby realizing the increase of the yield and the improvement of the quality of the grapes.
The grape nutrient solution contains a large amount of mineral substances, and can improve the ground temperature in early spring and promote the nutrient accumulation of the grapes and the process of the nutrient in plants flowing back to the root system at the end of autumn; the grape berry quality can be improved in the mature period of grape berries.
The composite microbial strain inoculated with the photosynthetic bacteria and the phosphate and potassium-solubilizing bacteria with high activity can improve the activity and diversity of microorganisms in soil, improve the effectiveness of phosphorus and potassium in the soil of the vineyard, promote nutrient absorption, especially enhance the absorption of medium and trace elements in the soil by a grape root system, thereby achieving the purpose of producing high-quality grape raw materials.
Detailed Description
The present invention is explained and illustrated in detail below with reference to specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the concept of the present invention and can carry out the present invention.
Example 1
The grape garden soil conditioner comprises 12 wt% of desulfurized waste, 15 wt% of attapulgite, 11 wt% of volcanic rock, 13 wt% of biomass slag, 33 wt% of bio-organic fertilizer, 11 wt% of humic acid, 3 wt% of polyacrylamide and 2 wt% of compound microorganism bacteria. The desulfurization waste is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the attapulgite is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the volcanic rock is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the biomass slag is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the humic acid is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the polyacrylamide is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the bio-organic fertilizer is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, and the composite microbial bacteria is larger than or equal to 6 meshes. The composite microbial bacteria are at least one of phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder, potassium solubilizing bacteria powder or photosynthetic bacteria powder, the number of effective bacteria in the phosphate solubilizing bacteria is not less than 5 hundred million/gram, the number of effective bacteria in the potassium solubilizing bacteria is not less than 5 hundred million/gram, and the number of effective bacteria in the photosynthetic bacteria is not less than 5 hundred million/gram. The water content of the vineyard soil conditioner for wine production is lower than 30%.
The preparation method of the vineyard soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
s101, photosynthetic bacterium culture: inoculating an indigenous photosynthetic bacteria strain screened from the soil of the grapery to a liquid culture medium of photosynthetic bacteria, performing light anaerobic culture, and culturing until the bacterial liquid grows to be deep red and is in a turbid state to obtain the photosynthetic bacteria bacterial liquid.
S102, culturing phosphate solubilizing bacteria: selecting at least 2 strains with strong phosphorus dissolving capacity from the indigenous phosphate solubilizing bacteria screened from the soil of the vineyard, respectively inoculating the strains into a liquid culture medium, and culturing to obtain at least 2 phosphate solubilizing bacteria liquid.
S103, culturing potassium bacteria: selecting at least 2 strains with strong phosphorus dissolving capacity from indigenous potassium-decomposing bacteria screened from the soil of the grapery, respectively inoculating the strains into a liquid culture medium, and culturing to obtain at least 2 potassium-decomposing bacteria solutions.
S104, preparing raw materials: preparing desulfurization waste with the grain size of more than or equal to 6 meshes, attapulgite with the grain size of more than or equal to 6 meshes, volcanic rock with the grain size of more than or equal to 6 meshes, biomass slag with the grain size of more than or equal to 6 meshes, humic acid with the grain size of more than or equal to 6 meshes and polyacrylamide with the grain size of more than or equal to 6 meshes to obtain part of raw materials to be used; preferably, the desulfurization waste is 8 meshes, the attapulgite is 16 meshes in pore size, the volcanic rock is 7 meshes, the biomass slag is 8 meshes, the humic acid is 7 meshes, and the polyacrylamide is 20 meshes.
S105, carrying out high-temperature composting aerobic fermentation on various animal and plant residues or metabolites, composting until the residues or the metabolites are completely decomposed, and drying until the water content is lower than 30% to obtain the bio-organic fertilizer.
S106, preparing bacterial liquid: respectively carrying out adsorption and air drying on photosynthetic bacteria liquid, at least 2 phosphate solubilizing bacteria liquid and at least 2 potassium solubilizing bacteria liquid to prepare photosynthetic bacteria powder, at least 2 phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder and at least 2 potassium solubilizing bacteria powder, wherein the at least 2 phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder are mixed into total phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder according to equal proportion, the at least 2 potassium solubilizing bacteria powder are mixed into total potassium solubilizing bacteria powder according to equal proportion, and the total phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder is mixed into the composite microorganism bacterium according to the proportion of 1 part by mass of the irradiated photosynthetic bacteria powder, 1 part by mass of the total phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder and 1 part by mass of the total potassium solubilizing bacteria powder.
S107, proportioning and mixing: uniformly mixing 12 wt% of desulfurization waste, 15 wt% of attapulgite, 11 wt% of volcanic rock, 13 wt% of biomass slag, 11 wt% of humic acid, 3 wt% of polyacrylamide, 33 wt% of bio-organic fertilizer and 2 wt% of compound microorganism bacteria to obtain the vineyard soil conditioner, and enabling the water content of the vineyard soil conditioner to be less than or equal to 30% by an air drying or shade drying method.
The mixing sequence is that firstly, the biological organic fertilizer, the attapulgite powder and the polyacrylamide are uniformly mixed, then the compound microorganism bacteria are added and fully mixed, finally, the desulfurization waste, the volcanic rock, the biomass slag and the humic acid are added and fully mixed, and finally the soil conditioner for the vineyard is obtained.
The concrete process of preparing the powder by the bacterial liquid in the step S106 is as follows:
firstly, preparing a substrate: the above raw materials were mixed in a proportion of 12 parts by mass of desulfurization waste, 15 parts by mass of attapulgite, 11 parts by mass of vesuvianite, and 11 parts by mass of humic acid to obtain a matrix. 8 meshes of desulfurization waste, 8 meshes of attapulgite, 8 meshes of vesuvianite and 8 meshes of humic acid; the polyacrylamide in the preparation step of the polyacrylamide suspension is 160 meshes. Drying the matrix: drying the substrate to a moisture content of less than or equal to 10% to obtain a dried substrate.
Secondly, preparing a polyacrylamide suspension: adding 1 part by mass of polyacrylamide into 1000 parts by mass of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain polyacrylamide diluent; 1 part by mass of the polyacrylamide diluent was added to 10 parts by mass of water to obtain a polyacrylamide suspension.
Step three, adsorbing photosynthetic bacteria: adding 3 parts by mass of dry matrix into 10 parts by mass of photosynthetic bacteria liquid, uniformly stirring, adding 2-4 parts by mass of polyacrylamide suspension, stirring for 1 hour, standing for 10-24 hours, and removing supernatant to obtain a solid-liquid mixture of photosynthetic bacteria. Preparing photosynthetic bacteria powder: and (3) air-drying the solid-liquid mixture of the photosynthetic bacteria at the temperature of not higher than 40 ℃ until the water content is less than 8%, thus obtaining the photosynthetic bacteria powder.
Fourthly, adsorbing phosphate solubilizing bacteria: adding 3 parts by mass of dry matrix into 10 parts by mass of phosphate solubilizing bacteria liquid, uniformly stirring, adding 2-4 parts by mass of polyacrylamide suspension, stirring for 1 hour, standing for 10-24 hours, and removing supernatant to obtain a solid-liquid mixture of phosphate solubilizing bacteria. Preparing phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder: and (3) air-drying the solid-liquid mixture of the phosphate solubilizing bacteria at the temperature of not higher than 40 ℃ until the water content is less than 8%, thus obtaining the phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder.
Fifthly, adsorbing potassium bacteria: adding 3 parts by mass of dry matrix into 10 parts by mass of potassium bacteria solution, uniformly stirring, adding 2-4 parts by mass of polyacrylamide suspension, stirring for 1 hour, standing for 10-24 hours, and removing supernatant to obtain a solid-liquid mixture of potassium bacteria. Preparing potassium bacteria powder: and (3) air-drying the solid-liquid mixture of the potassium bacteria at the temperature of not higher than 40 ℃ until the water content is less than 8%, thus obtaining the potassium bacteria powder.
And sixthly, mixing at least 2 kinds of phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder into total phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder in equal proportion, mixing at least 2 kinds of potassium solubilizing bacteria powder into total potassium solubilizing bacteria powder in equal proportion, and mixing the total phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder in 1 part by mass, the total potassium solubilizing bacteria powder in 1 part by mass and the total potassium solubilizing bacteria powder in 1 part by mass to prepare the composite microbial bacteria.
And finally, in the step of proportioning and mixing, uniformly mixing the finest bio-organic fertilizer with the attapulgite powder and the polyacrylamide, then adding the compound microorganism bacteria, wherein the compound microorganism bacteria and the bio-organic fertilizer are better contacted due to the adhesion and adsorption effects of the attapulgite powder and the polyacrylamide, so that more sufficient nutrition is provided for the propagation of the microorganisms, and then adding the desulfurization waste, the vesuvianite, the biomass slag and the humic acid for sufficiently and uniformly mixing, so that the compound microorganism bacteria and the bio-organic fertilizer adsorbed by the adhesion of the attapulgite powder and the polyacrylamide are scattered and separated, and are slowly released when being buried into soil in the later period, so that the maximum effect is exerted.
The desulfurization waste can effectively improve the phenomenon of high sodium salt content in the saline-alkali soil, inhibit the surface accumulation of salt content in the saline-alkali soil, improve the microenvironment of a root zone and promote the absorption of the grapes on nutrients.
The above embodiments are only for the purpose of promoting an understanding of the core concepts of the invention, and any obvious modifications, equivalents or other improvements made without departing from the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A soil conditioner for a vineyard is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
photosynthetic bacteria culture: inoculating an indigenous photosynthetic bacteria strain screened from the soil of the grapery to a liquid culture medium of photosynthetic bacteria, performing light anaerobic culture, and culturing until the bacterial liquid grows to be deep red and is in a turbid state to obtain a photosynthetic bacteria bacterial liquid;
and (3) culturing phosphate solubilizing bacteria: selecting at least 2 strains with strong phosphorus dissolving capacity from indigenous phosphate solubilizing bacteria screened from the soil of the vineyard, respectively inoculating the strains into a liquid culture medium, and culturing to obtain at least 2 phosphate solubilizing bacteria liquid;
and (3) potassium bacteria culture: selecting at least 2 strains with strong phosphorus dissolving capacity from indigenous potassium-decomposing bacteria screened from the soil of the grapery, respectively inoculating the strains into a liquid culture medium, and culturing to obtain at least 2 potassium-decomposing bacteria liquid;
preparing raw materials: preparing desulfurization waste, attapulgite, volcanic rock, biomass furnace slag, humic acid and polyacrylamide to obtain part of raw materials to be used;
preparing a biological organic fertilizer: carrying out high-temperature composting aerobic fermentation on various animal and plant residues or metabolites, composting until the animal and plant residues or metabolites are completely decomposed, and drying until the water content is lower than 30% to obtain a bio-organic fertilizer;
preparing powder from bacterial liquid: respectively carrying out adsorption and air drying on photosynthetic bacteria liquid, at least 2 phosphate solubilizing bacteria liquid and at least 2 potassium solubilizing bacteria liquid to prepare photosynthetic bacteria powder, at least 2 phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder and at least 2 potassium solubilizing bacteria powder, wherein the at least 2 phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder are mixed into total phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder according to equal proportion, the at least 2 potassium solubilizing bacteria powder are mixed into total potassium solubilizing bacteria powder according to equal proportion, and the total phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder and the total potassium solubilizing bacteria powder are mixed according to the proportion of 1 part by mass of the irradiated photosynthetic bacteria powder, 1 part by mass of the total phosphate solubilizing bacteria powder and 1 part by mass of the total potassium solubilizing bacteria powder to prepare composite microorganism bacteria;
proportioning and mixing: uniformly mixing 12 wt% of desulfurization waste, 15 wt% of attapulgite, 11 wt% of volcanic rock, 13 wt% of biomass slag, 11 wt% of humic acid, 3 wt% of polyacrylamide, 33 wt% of bio-organic fertilizer and 2 wt% of compound microorganism bacteria to obtain the vineyard soil conditioner, and enabling the water content of the vineyard soil conditioner to be less than or equal to 30% by an air drying or shade drying method.
2. A vineyard soil amendment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water content of the vineyard soil conditioner is lower than 30%.
3. A vineyard soil amendment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the desulfurization waste is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the attapulgite is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the vesuvianite is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the biomass slag is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the humic acid is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the polyacrylamide is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, the bio-organic fertilizer is larger than or equal to 6 meshes, and the composite microbial bacteria are larger than or equal to 6 meshes.
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| CN201811362153.5A CN111196746A (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2018-11-16 | Soil conditioner for vineyard |
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| CN201811362153.5A CN111196746A (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2018-11-16 | Soil conditioner for vineyard |
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| CN111196746A true CN111196746A (en) | 2020-05-26 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114158457A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-11 | 光合生物科技(深圳)有限公司 | Gardening formula soil with bacterial house and preparation method thereof |
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- 2018-11-16 CN CN201811362153.5A patent/CN111196746A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114158457A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-11 | 光合生物科技(深圳)有限公司 | Gardening formula soil with bacterial house and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200526 |