CN113940319A - Line-driven open-close type deep-sea multi-cell biological sampling device - Google Patents
Line-driven open-close type deep-sea multi-cell biological sampling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113940319A CN113940319A CN202111208104.8A CN202111208104A CN113940319A CN 113940319 A CN113940319 A CN 113940319A CN 202111208104 A CN202111208104 A CN 202111208104A CN 113940319 A CN113940319 A CN 113940319A
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K80/00—Harvesting oysters, mussels, sponges or the like
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a line-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological sampling device which mainly comprises a pressure maintaining cylinder, a pressure maintaining module, an open-close type sampling module and a sampling module open-close driving module. The pressure maintaining module can limit the end cover to move towards the direction of opening the pressure maintaining cylinder when the end cover closes the opening end of the pressure maintaining cylinder; the open-close type sampling module can capture organisms inside the pressure maintaining cylinder in an open state of the end cover, so that the trapping success rate is higher; the open-close claws arranged on the mounting disc of the open-close type sampling module are similar to petals, the open-close driving module of the sampling module adopts a driving line to be connected with the open-close claws to form a stay wire type petal (also called as a paw) biological capture mechanism, baits are arranged on the mounting disc to introduce organisms, and then the drive line is used for controlling the gathering of the open-close claws to form a closed space, so that the organisms are captured in the pull wire type petal (also called as the paw) biological capture mechanism, the organisms entering the capture range can be rapidly captured, and the control is simple.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of deep sea biological sampling, relates to deep sea multicellular biological sampling, and particularly relates to a line-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological sampling device.
Background
In the field of deep-sea biological sampling, as for sampling methods, such as deep-sea multicellular biological sampling, there are mainly pumping, trawl and entrapment sampling methods, among which:
the pumping type sampling method utilizes a mechanism rotating at high speed to generate negative pressure in water so as to suck surrounding organisms into a container. However, the pump-suction type sampling method has the disadvantages that the required equipment structure is complex, the weight is heavy, the hydraulic motor needs to be equipped with a corresponding hydraulic station, and the large high-rotating-speed motor is difficult to apply in deep sea due to the rotary sealing problem caused by high rotating speed.
The trawl type sampling method is to use a mother ship to drag a trawl to capture organisms in deep sea, and has the disadvantages of no purposiveness in capture and serious damage to the habitat of the seabed organisms.
The third trap-type sampling method is to attract living things to the vicinity of a trap by using light, bait, or the like, and then to trap the living things. The trapping type sampling device is generally small in size and light in weight, can effectively capture organisms in a target area, and is suitable for sampling multi-cellular organisms in deep sea.
However, in any of the above-mentioned sampling methods, pressure-holding sampling is not performed, and the environmental pressure of the organisms in the deep sea after being recovered to the sea surface is greatly changed, which causes considerable damage to the organisms due to pressure loss, which makes it difficult for biologists to study their physiological properties. Therefore, maintaining pressure, maintaining its in situ environment to capture organisms is a significant challenge.
At present, the working principle of the existing deep sea multicellular biological pressure maintaining sampling equipment is basically as follows: after the bait or other equipment for trapping is placed in the sample cylinder, the biological inlet is closed, and the biological inlet has a high-pressure sealing function and can bear huge pressure. The disadvantage is that the sampling device uses the inner part of the pressure maintaining cylinder as a trapping space, the trapping space is extremely limited, few organisms can reach the inner part of the narrow pressure maintaining cylinder, and therefore the sampling success rate is low. Moreover, due to the huge pressure of the deep sea, a pressure maintaining cylinder with high strength and large wall thickness is required to be used as a sample trapping space, and the wall thickness of the sample cylinder needs to be increased to a greater extent along with the increase of the diameter of the sample cylinder; in addition, the existing deep sea multicellular biological pressure maintaining sampling equipment is mostly sealed by adopting a ball valve or a flap valve, and the weight is large, so that the whole weight of the deep sea equipment is greatly increased, and the distribution of the deep sea equipment is not facilitated.
Therefore, there is a need for a new pressure-maintaining deep-sea multicellular organism capturing device, which achieves the purposes of high capturing success rate, small weight, easy deployment, etc.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a line-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular organism sampling device, which solves the problem of low sampling (capturing) success rate of the conventional deep sea multicellular organism pressure-maintaining sampling equipment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a line-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological sampling device, which comprises:
a pressure maintaining cylinder;
the pressure maintaining module comprises an end cover, an end cover opening and closing assembly and an end cover clamping assembly; the end cover is positioned at the opening end of the pressure maintaining cylinder; the end cover opening and closing assembly is connected with the end cover and can drive the end cover to slide along the axial direction of the pressure maintaining cylinder, so that the pressure maintaining cylinder is closed or opened by the end cover; the end cover clamping assembly is arranged on the pressure maintaining cylinder and can limit the end cover to move towards the direction of opening the pressure maintaining cylinder when the end cover closes the opening end of the pressure maintaining cylinder;
the open-close type sampling module is connected with the end cover and comprises an installation disc and open-close claws, a plurality of open-close claws are arranged on the periphery of the installation disc, and one end of any one open-close claw is hinged with the installation disc; when the end cover is in an open state, the open-close type sampling module is positioned outside the pressure maintaining cylinder, the open-close claws are gathered to form a closed space which takes the mounting disc as a closed bottom plate, and organisms can be captured in the closed space;
the sampling module opening and closing driving module comprises a driving wire and a driving wire winding and unwinding assembly, one end of the driving wire is connected with the other end of the opening and closing claw, and the other end of the driving wire is connected with the driving wire winding and unwinding assembly; the other end of any one of the claws that opens and shuts all is connected with the drive wire, the drive wire receive and releases the subassembly through receiving and releasing the drive wire is in order to realize gathering together and scattering of the claw that opens and shuts.
Optionally, the outer side surface of the end cover is fixedly connected with the end cover opening and closing assembly, and the inner side surface of the end cover is fixedly connected with the mounting plate of the opening and closing sampling module through a mounting plate; the drive line winding and unwinding assembly is arranged on the mounting plate.
Optionally, the end cover, the mounting panel with the mounting disc welds in proper order.
Optionally, the end cover opening and closing assembly comprises an underwater electric cylinder, the underwater electric cylinder is parallel to the axial direction of the pressure maintaining cylinder, and a telescopic rod of the underwater electric cylinder is connected with the end cover.
Optionally, the outer ring of the end cover is provided with a sealing ring.
Optionally, the end cover clamping assembly comprises a plurality of stoppers; an annular mounting groove is formed in the inner wall of the opening end of the pressure maintaining cylinder, one end of any one stop block is connected with the bottom of the annular mounting groove through an elastic piece, and the other end of any one stop block is provided with a cambered surface extending along the direction of the end cover for closing the pressure maintaining cylinder; the end cover jacks any one stop block outwards along the radial direction of the pressure maintaining cylinder through the cambered surface so as to penetrate through the stop block and close the pressure maintaining cylinder; after the end cover passes through the stop block, the stop block is reset inwards along the radial direction of the pressure maintaining cylinder under the action of the elastic piece so as to limit the end cover to move towards the direction of opening the pressure maintaining cylinder.
Optionally, the elastic member is a spring.
Optionally, the mounting disc is a mounting disc, and the opening and closing claw is a conical arc-shaped claw; the big end of any conical arc-shaped claw is hinged with the mounting disc, and the small end of any conical arc-shaped claw is connected with the driving wire.
Optionally, the drive line winding and unwinding assembly comprises a winder and a motor, and the motor is connected with the winder through a coupler; the winder is wound with a driving wire.
Optionally, the motor is a deep water oil-filled motor, and the deep water oil-filled motor is configured with an oil-filled motor compensator.
Optionally, the sampling module opening and closing device further comprises a control cabin, wherein the control cabin is in communication connection with the end cover opening and closing assembly and the sampling module opening and closing driving module;
the battery cabin is electrically connected with the control cabin, the end cover opening and closing assembly and the sampling module opening and closing driving module.
Optionally, the sampling device further comprises a supporting component, and the supporting component is used for loading the pressure maintaining cylinder, the pressure maintaining module, the opening-closing type sampling module and/or the sampling module opening-closing driving module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the line-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular organism sampling device provided by the invention has a novel and reasonable structure, takes the external space of the pressure maintaining cylinder as the trapping space, has higher trapping success rate compared with other designs, and solves the problem of low sampling (capturing) success rate of the existing deep sea multicellular organism pressure maintaining sampling equipment. Meanwhile, the opening and closing claws arranged on the mounting disc of the opening and closing type sampling module are similar to petals and are connected with the driving wire to form a stay wire type petal (also called as a paw) biological capture mechanism, the bait is distributed on the mounting disc to introduce organisms, the gathering of the opening and closing claws is controlled by the driving wire to form a closed space, so that the organisms are captured, the stay wire type petal (also called as the paw) biological capture mechanism can rapidly capture the organisms entering a capture range, and the control is simple.
In addition, the traditional sealing mode of the pressure maintaining cylinder is a ball valve or a flap valve. Ball valves have high reliability, but their weight is sensitive to pressure and diameter, and in addition, sampling success rate is low due to their large weight and narrow passage. The flap valve has low sealing reliability and light weight. Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a scheme of sealing the pressure-maintaining cylinder by adopting the stop block and the elastic piece to be matched with the end cover, and then assisting the sealing ring, so that the structure of a sealing assembly is effectively simplified on the premise of good sealing of the pressure-maintaining cylinder, the integral quality of the device is lightened, the inlet caliber and the internal space of the pressure-maintaining cylinder are not influenced, the practicability is strong, and the pressure-maintaining cylinder is suitable for deep sea operation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a wire-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological sampling device disclosed in the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an open-close type sampling module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an installation plate of the retractable sampling module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an opening-closing pawl mounting block disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the opening/closing pawl according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an opening/closing driving module of a sampling module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an open-close type sampling module in a closed state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap clamping assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are: 100. a wire-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological sampling device;
1. a pressure maintaining cylinder; 2. an end cap; 3. an end cover opening and closing component; 4. an open-close type sampling module; 41. mounting a disc; 42. opening and closing the claw; 43. an opening and closing claw mounting block; 44. hooking a ring; 45. a guide pulley; 46. threading holes; 5. driving a wire; 6. a reel; 7. a motor; 8. a seal ring; 9. a stopper; 10. an annular mounting groove; 11. an elastic member; 12. a cambered surface; 13. an oil-filled motor compensator; 14. a control cabin; 15. a battery compartment; 16. a support member; 161. a pressure maintaining cylinder support; 162. an end cap support; 163. a vertical plate; 164. a base plate; 17. a coupling; 18. and (7) mounting the plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a line-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological sampling device, so as to solve the problems of low success rate of sampling (capturing) and the like of the existing deep sea multicellular biological pressure-maintaining sampling equipment.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present embodiment provides a line-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological sampling device 100, which mainly comprises a pressure maintaining cylinder 1, a pressure maintaining module, an open-close type sampling module 4 and a sampling module open-close driving module. Wherein: the pressure maintaining module comprises an end cover 2, an end cover opening and closing assembly 3 and an end cover clamping assembly; the end cover 2 is positioned at the opening end of the pressure maintaining cylinder 1; the end cover opening and closing assembly 3 is connected with the end cover 2 and can drive the end cover 2 to slide along the axial direction of the pressure maintaining cylinder 1, so that the pressure maintaining cylinder 1 is closed or opened by the end cover 2; the end cover clamping assembly is arranged on the pressure maintaining cylinder 1, and can limit the end cover 2 to move towards the direction of opening the pressure maintaining cylinder 1 when the end cover 2 closes the opening end of the pressure maintaining cylinder 1, so as to maintain the pressure in the pressure maintaining cylinder 1. The open-close type sampling module 4 is connected with the end cover 2 and comprises an installation disc 41 and open-close claws 42, a plurality of open-close claws 42 are arranged on the periphery of the installation disc 41, and one end of any open-close claw 42 is hinged with the installation disc 41; when the end cover 2 is in an open state, the open-close type sampling module 4 is positioned outside the pressure maintaining cylinder 1, the open-close claws 42 are gathered to form a closed space which takes the mounting disc 41 as a closed bottom plate, and organisms can be captured in the closed space; the closed space is not an absolutely closed space, and it allows a gap to exist between the gathered open/close claws 42, and the gap does not allow the captured living things to leak out. The sampling module opening and closing driving module comprises a driving wire 5 and a driving wire retracting and releasing assembly, one end of the driving wire 5 is connected with the other end of the opening and closing claw 42, and the other end of the driving wire 5 is connected with the driving wire retracting and releasing assembly; the other end of any one of the opening and closing claws 42 is connected with a driving wire 5, and the driving wire collecting and releasing assembly collects and disperses the opening and closing claws 42 by collecting and releasing the driving wire 5.
In this embodiment, the pressure-maintaining cylinder 1 is preferably a titanium alloy cylinder with a bottom and a thick wall.
In this embodiment, the outer side surface of the end cover 2 is fixedly connected with the end cover opening and closing assembly 3, and the inner side surface is fixedly connected with the mounting plate 41 of the opening and closing type sampling module 4 through the mounting plate 18; the drive line take-up and pay-off assembly is disposed on the mounting plate 18.
In this embodiment, the end cover opening and closing assembly 3 includes an underwater electric cylinder, the underwater electric cylinder is parallel to the axial direction of the pressure maintaining cylinder 1, and an expansion link of the underwater electric cylinder is connected with the end cover 2 and is used for providing a driving force of linear motion to drive the end cover 2 to move. The telescopic rod of the underwater electric cylinder is preferably connected with the end cover 2 through threads, for example, an internally threaded boss is processed on the end cover 2, and the end part of the telescopic rod is provided with external threads matched with the external threads. Adopt threaded connection's mode, the dismouting maintenance of being convenient for also can replace electric jar under water with other end cover driving piece as required, for example adopt gear rack subassembly, or lead screw nut subassembly replacement electric jar under water, also can reach the effect that drive end cover 2 removed.
In this embodiment, the outer ring of the end cap 2 is provided with the sealing ring 8 to ensure that no pressure leaks from the gap between the end cap 2 and the pressure-maintaining cylinder 1 after the pressure-maintaining cylinder 1 is sealed, thereby facilitating pressure maintaining in the cylinder.
In this embodiment, the end cap clamping assembly includes a plurality of stoppers 9; an annular mounting groove 10 has been seted up to the open end inner wall of a section of thick bamboo 1 of pressurize, and the one end of an arbitrary dog 9 is all connected with the tank bottom of annular mounting groove 10 through elastic component 11, and a plurality of dogs 9 along the circumference evenly distributed of annular mounting groove 10, and the other end of an arbitrary dog 9 all is provided with the cambered surface 12 that extends along the direction that end cover 2 closed a section of thick bamboo 1 of pressurize. The end cover 2 jacks any one stop block 9 outwards along the radial direction of the pressure maintaining cylinder 1 through the cambered surface 12, at the moment, the elastic part 11 is compressed, and the end cover 2 penetrates through the stop block 9 and closes the pressure maintaining cylinder 1; after the end cover 2 passes through the stop block 9, the stop block 9 is not stressed any more, the elastic element 11 is restored to the original state, and the stop block 9 is restored to the original position inwards along the radial direction of the pressure maintaining cylinder 1 under the action of the elastic element 11 so as to limit the end cover 2 to move towards the direction of opening the pressure maintaining cylinder 1.
In this embodiment, the elastic member 11 is preferably a spring, one end of which is welded to the inner wall of the annular mounting groove 10, and the other end of which is welded to the stopper 9.
In this embodiment, the mounting plate 41 is preferably a mounting disk, and the opening and closing claw 42 is preferably a conical arc-shaped claw, similar to a petal shape; the big head end of any conical arc-shaped claw is hinged with the edge of the installation disc through the opening and closing claw installation block 43, and the small head end of any conical arc-shaped claw is provided with a hook ring 44 for connecting the driving wire 5. The opening and closing claw mounting block 43 is fixed at the edge of the mounting disc, pin shafts are arranged at two ends of the opening and closing claw mounting block, shaft holes matched with the pin shafts are formed in the large end ends of the conical arc-shaped claws, and the shaft holes in the large end ends of the conical arc-shaped claws are sleeved on the pin shafts at two ends of the opening and closing claw mounting block during mounting, so that hinging is formed. Preferably, in the present embodiment, the "arc" of each tapered arc-shaped claw is projected outward (the "outward" orientation means the outside of the closed space after the opening and closing claws are gathered).
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the end cover clamping assembly is composed of 12 open/close claws 42, the 12 open/close claws 42 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the mounting plate 41 at intervals and are shaped like petals, each petal, that is, each open/close claw 42 has a structure as shown in fig. 5, a threaded hole is formed at the top (small end) for mounting a hook ring 44 to fasten one end of the driving wire 5, and the bottom (large end) of the open/close claw 42 is matched with the open/close claw mounting block 43 to form a revolute pair. The hook ring 44 of each opening and closing claw 42 is connected with a driving wire 5, the position of the mounting disc 41 corresponding to each opening and closing claw 42 is further provided with a guide pulley 45, and any driving wire 5 passes through the threading hole 46 after passing around the corresponding guide pulley 4 and is wound on the winder 6. Wherein, every drive wire 5 all disposes a guide pulley 4, can prevent the drive wire confusion, influences opening and shutting of the claw 42 that opens and shuts.
In the present embodiment, the drive wire 5 is a high-strength cord, such as an iron wire or a steel wire, and has a pulling force for gathering the opening/closing claws 42 and a pushing force for dispersing the opening/closing claws 42.
In this embodiment, the end cap 2, the mounting plate 18 and the mounting plate 41 of the opening and closing type sampling module 4 are welded together in sequence to ensure concentricity.
In the embodiment, the driving line winding and unwinding assembly comprises a winder 6 and a motor 7, wherein the motor 7 is connected with the winder 6 through a coupler; the driving wire 5 is wound on the reel 6. Preferably, the motor 7 is a deep water oil-filled motor, and the deep water oil-filled motor is provided with an oil-filled motor compensator 13.
In this embodiment, the sampling device further comprises a control cabin 14, and the control cabin 14 is in communication connection with the end cover opening and closing assembly 3 and the sampling module opening and closing driving module. The deepwater oil-filled motor and the oil-filled motor compensator 13 form a pressure balance structure, and the control cabin 14 is connected with the deepwater oil-filled motor (namely the motor 7) through a watertight cable to control the starting, stopping and forward and backward rotation of the motor.
In this embodiment, the portable electronic device further comprises a battery compartment 15, and the battery compartment 15 is connected with the control compartment 14, the end cover opening and closing assembly 3, the motor 7 and the sampling module opening and closing driving module through watertight cables to supply power to each electric component. The battery compartment 15 preferably employs a rechargeable battery.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the sampling device further includes a supporting member 16, and the supporting member 16 is used for loading the pressure maintaining cylinder 1, the pressure maintaining module, the opening and closing type sampling module 4, and the sampling module opening and closing driving module. The support member 16 specifically includes a bottom plate 164, a pressure maintaining cylinder support 161, an end cover support 162, and a vertical plate 163, and the pressure maintaining cylinder support 161, the end cover support 162, and the vertical plate 163 are all disposed on the bottom plate 164, wherein the vertical plate 163 is disposed perpendicular to the bottom plate 164, and the pressure maintaining cylinder support 161 and the end cover support 162 are disposed parallel to the bottom plate 164. The pressure maintaining cylinder support 161 is provided with a cambered surface bracket which is matched with the diameter and the shape of the outer wall of the pressure maintaining cylinder 1 and is used for installing the pressure maintaining cylinder 1; the end cover support 162 and the pressure maintaining cylinder support 161 are arranged at intervals, and arc surface brackets matched with the diameter and the shape of the outer wall of the end cover 2 are arranged on the end cover support 162 and used for supporting the end cover 2, when the end cover 2 is positioned outside the pressure maintaining cylinder 1, the end cover support 162 is mainly used for loading the end cover 2, and when the end cover 2 is driven by the end cover opening and closing assembly 3, the end cover support 162 (the arc surface brackets thereof) also plays a role in guiding the end cover 2, and the end cover 2 slides on the end cover support 162 (the arc surface brackets thereof) for one end time under the driving effect of the end cover opening and closing assembly 3 and then enters the pressure maintaining cylinder 1, so that the open end of the pressure maintaining cylinder 1 is closed.
The method of using the biological sampling device of this embodiment will be described in detail below.
Before lowering to the seabed, some bait is placed on the mounting plate 41. After the device is lowered to the seabed, the preferred end cover 2 is in an open state, and the mounting plate 18 connected with the end cover 2 and the whole open-close type sampling module 4 are positioned outside the pressure maintaining cylinder 1, as shown in fig. 1; when a living being enters the capturing mechanism, namely the capturing range of the open-close type sampling module 4, the control cabin 14 controls the deep water oil-filled motor (the motor 7) to be started, the winder 6 is driven to rotate by the coupler 17, all the driving wires 5 are simultaneously wound on the winder 6 to pull up the open-close claws 42 to reach the closed state shown in the figure 7, and therefore a closed space similar to the petal contraction state is formed to capture the living being. After the organisms are captured, the control cabin 14 controls the underwater electric cylinder to start, the end cover 2 and the whole open-close type sampling module 4 are pushed towards the direction close to the cylinder bottom of the pressure maintaining cylinder 1 along the axial direction of the pressure maintaining cylinder 1, after the end cover 2 touches the cambered surface 12 of the stop dog 9 arranged on the pressure maintaining cylinder 1, the stop dog 9 contracts outwards along the radial direction of the pressure maintaining cylinder 1, and after the end cover 2 passes through the cambered surface, the stop dog 9 is restored to the original position. The sealing ring 8 on the end cover 2 is pressed and is attached to the inner wall of the pressure maintaining cylinder 1 to form sealing. The dog 9 has the auto-lock characteristic under the effect of elastic component 11, when equipment retrieves to the surface of water, because the existence sealed between end cover 2 and a pressurize section of thick bamboo 1, the inside pressure of a pressurize section of thick bamboo 1 is greater than outside pressure, and end cover 2 has the trend of outside motion (to the direction motion of opening a pressurize section of thick bamboo 1 promptly), and because the spacing of dog 9, can make end cover 2 keep original position, keeps sealed, reaches the purpose of pressurize sample.
Therefore, the proposed line-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological pressure-maintaining sampler 100 provided by the invention has a higher trapping success rate as a novel deep sea multicellular biological pressure-maintaining sampler using the external space of the pressure-maintaining cylinder as a trapping space compared with other designs. The open-close type sampling module 4 is integrally a pull-wire type petal (also called as paw) biological capture mechanism, can rapidly capture organisms entering a capture range, and has simple control and high capture efficiency. In addition, the invention provides a pressure maintaining and sealing mechanism formed by the underwater electric cylinder, the stop block, the elastic part, the end cover, the sealing ring and the pressure maintaining cylinder, which effectively simplifies the structure of a sealing assembly, lightens the integral quality of the device, does not influence the inlet caliber and the internal space of the pressure maintaining cylinder, has strong practicability and is suitable for deep sea operation.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A line-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological sampling device is characterized by comprising:
a pressure maintaining cylinder;
the pressure maintaining module comprises an end cover, an end cover opening and closing assembly and an end cover clamping assembly; the end cover is positioned at the opening end of the pressure maintaining cylinder; the end cover opening and closing assembly is connected with the end cover and can drive the end cover to slide along the axial direction of the pressure maintaining cylinder, so that the pressure maintaining cylinder is closed or opened by the end cover; the end cover clamping assembly is arranged on the pressure maintaining cylinder and can limit the end cover to move towards the direction of opening the pressure maintaining cylinder when the end cover closes the opening end of the pressure maintaining cylinder;
the open-close type sampling module is connected with the end cover and comprises an installation disc and open-close claws, a plurality of open-close claws are arranged on the periphery of the installation disc, and one end of any one open-close claw is hinged with the installation disc; when the end cover is in an open state, the open-close type sampling module is positioned outside the pressure maintaining cylinder, the open-close claws are gathered to form a closed space which takes the mounting disc as a closed bottom plate, and organisms can be captured in the closed space;
the sampling module opening and closing driving module comprises a driving wire and a driving wire winding and unwinding assembly, one end of the driving wire is connected with the other end of the opening and closing claw, and the other end of the driving wire is connected with the driving wire winding and unwinding assembly; the other end of any one of the claws that opens and shuts all is connected with the drive wire, the drive wire receive and releases the subassembly through receiving and releasing the drive wire is in order to realize gathering together and scattering of the claw that opens and shuts.
2. The line-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological sampling device of claim 1, wherein the outer side surface of the end cover is fixedly connected with the end cover opening-closing assembly, and the inner side surface is fixedly connected with the mounting plate of the open-close type sampling module through a mounting plate; the drive line winding and unwinding assembly is arranged on the mounting plate.
3. The line-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological sampling device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the end cap opening and closing assembly comprises an underwater electric cylinder, the underwater electric cylinder is arranged in parallel to the axial direction of the pressure-maintaining cylinder, and a telescopic rod of the underwater electric cylinder is connected with the end cap.
4. The line-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological sampling device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer ring of the end cover is provided with a sealing ring.
5. The line driven open-close deep sea multicellular biological sampling device of claim 1 or 2 wherein the end cap gripping assembly comprises a plurality of stops; an annular mounting groove is formed in the inner wall of the opening end of the pressure maintaining cylinder, one end of any one stop block is connected with the bottom of the annular mounting groove through an elastic piece, and the other end of any one stop block is provided with a cambered surface extending along the direction of the end cover for closing the pressure maintaining cylinder; the end cover jacks any one stop block outwards along the radial direction of the pressure maintaining cylinder through the cambered surface so as to penetrate through the stop block and close the pressure maintaining cylinder; after the end cover passes through the stop block, the stop block is reset inwards along the radial direction of the pressure maintaining cylinder under the action of the elastic piece so as to limit the end cover to move towards the direction of opening the pressure maintaining cylinder.
6. The line-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological sampling device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the mounting plate is a mounting disk, and the open-close claws are tapered circular arc claws; the big end of any conical arc-shaped claw is hinged with the mounting disc, and the small end of any conical arc-shaped claw is connected with the driving wire.
7. The line-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological sampling device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the drive line retracting assembly comprises a line winder and a motor, and the motor is connected with the line winder through a coupling; the winder is wound with a driving wire.
8. The line driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological sampling device of claim 7, wherein the motor is a deep water oil-filled motor equipped with an oil-filled motor compensator.
9. The line-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological sampling device of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a control cabin, wherein the control cabin is in communication connection with the end cover open-close assembly and the sampling module open-close driving module;
the battery cabin is electrically connected with the control cabin, the end cover opening and closing assembly and the sampling module opening and closing driving module.
10. The line-driven open-close type deep sea multicellular biological sampling device according to claim 1, further comprising a support member for loading the pressure holding cylinder, the pressure holding module, the open-close type sampling module and/or the sampling module opening-closing driving module.
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