CN113884764B - Early warning method of monitoring system for harmonic fluctuation of distribution cable - Google Patents
Early warning method of monitoring system for harmonic fluctuation of distribution cable Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a monitoring system for harmonic fluctuation of a distribution cable, which comprises a high-precision current transformer, a distribution cable distributed monitoring device and a background analysis server, wherein the high-precision current transformer is connected with the distribution cable distributed monitoring device; the distribution cable distributed monitoring device comprises an analog sensing and conditioning module; the high-precision current transformer is connected with an analog quantity sensing and conditioning module; the analog sensing and conditioning module is connected with the high-frequency sampling module; the high-frequency sampling module is connected with the core processing unit; the core processing unit is communicated with the background analysis server through the communication module. The invention also discloses an early warning method of the monitoring system for harmonic fluctuation of the distribution cable. According to the invention, the harmonic signals formed by the discharge phenomenon of the insulation defects of the cable line are collected, the electric quantity harmonic characteristics of the distribution cable are captured and analyzed, and the cable state is evaluated and early-warned by comparing the typical data of the previous or historical record of the line, so that the latent faults can be found early, and the power failure loss caused by the faults is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring of the running state of a distribution cable, in particular to an early warning method of a monitoring system for harmonic fluctuation of the distribution cable.
Background
With the acceleration of the urban process in China, the coverage rate and the asset scale of the power cable are increasing at unprecedented speeds. In order to meet the power supply demand, the proportion of power cables in the urban power grid is increasing. Although the power cable operates more reliably than overhead lines, the power cable may fail during operation due to various factors. For example, in power plants and transformer substations, cable bridges, cable tunnels, cable interlayers, cable trenches, cable shafts, switchgears, transformers, resistor banks and other power equipment are heated in long-term high voltage to cause fire, and through fire investigation and research for many years, most of fire accidents are caused by overhigh temperature, and particularly, the loss caused by the fire of the cable tunnels is the largest.
The main causes of the failure can be roughly summarized as follows: mechanical damage, insulation wetting, insulation aging deterioration, overvoltage, poor design and manufacturing processes, material defects, corrosion of the protective layer, loss of insulation of the cable and the like. Because the power cable has thick insulating layers and is buried underground, once the power cable fails, the power cable is difficult to find, a large amount of manpower and material resources are often required to be spent, and extra power failure loss can be caused due to overlong repair time, so that the workload of operation management, detection maintenance and the like of the power cable is increased.
The current monitoring system is mainly aimed at single-core power transmission cables of 110kV and above, and the medium-low voltage distribution cables currently lack effective real-time on-line monitoring means and methods.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an early warning method of a power distribution cable harmonic fluctuation monitoring system, which is used for evaluating and early warning the cable state by monitoring the electric quantity harmonic characteristics of a power distribution cable in real time and comparing typical data of a front or historical record of a line.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an early warning method of a monitoring system for harmonic fluctuation of a distribution cable, the method comprises the following sequential steps:
(1) Sampling 4 voltages and 4 currents at high frequency and storing the sampled 4 voltages and the 4 currents as standard com format data;
(2) Calculating effective value phase voltage, phase current and zero sequence voltage zero sequence current, and setting a starting threshold;
(3) Calculating and recording the content of each harmonic wave and the total harmonic distortion rate by taking 5 cycles as a time window;
(4) After the voltage and current or the total harmonic distortion rate or the content of each subharmonic reach the starting threshold, storing 100 cycles before starting, recovering the data in 5 cycles after recovering, and calling the recording data at the last starting time to enter the step (5);
(5) The method comprises the steps of calling wave recording data during faults and harmonic distortion rate change conditions during two faults, comparing, and evaluating and early warning cable states;
(6) After all data are stored, harmonic information showing close correlation is uploaded, and early warning information is provided;
The monitoring system comprises a high-precision current transformer, a distribution cable distributed monitoring device and a background analysis server; the distributed monitoring device for the distribution cable comprises an analog sensing conditioning module, a high-frequency sampling module, a communication module, a core processing unit, a power module and a shell; the output end of the high-precision current transformer is connected with the input end of the analog quantity sensing conditioning module; the output end of the analog sensing conditioning module is connected with the input end of the high-frequency sampling module; the output end of the high-frequency sampling module is connected with the input end of the core processing unit; the core processing unit is communicated with the background analysis server through the communication module; the core processing unit is integrated with a microprocessor chip with a distribution cable harmonic fluctuation early warning algorithm;
the step (2) specifically refers to: in a power frequency period, the calculation formula of the true effective value U T of the phase voltage is as follows:
Comparing the voltage amplitude of each cycle with a fault starting threshold by taking the cycle as a unit;
The fault starting threshold of the phase voltage and the phase current is 2 times of the true effective value; calculating zero sequence current and zero sequence voltage by using 3 half waves or 30ms sampling point data;
after the fault is started, determining a fault starting point: from the previous cycle of the fault starting, comparing voltage instantaneous values in turn, and determining a point that the amplitude value of the first instantaneous value, namely the absolute value of the instantaneous value, is 1.4 times greater than the fault starting threshold as a fault starting point; when the voltage of 2 or more continuous cycles exceeds the fault starting threshold, confirming the earth fault, otherwise, considering disturbance; the end of the disturbance is the second cycle after the fault is started; that is, if the voltage exceeds the fail-over threshold from the third cycle, a new fault is considered.
The step (3) specifically refers to: the content ratio HR of each harmonic and the total harmonic distortion ratio THD are set to 2 to 63 harmonics; if the total harmonic distortion is more than 4%, the odd order is more than 3.2%, the even order is more than 1.6%, and one of the three is satisfied, then the method is started, and recording and data storage are carried out.
The step (5) specifically comprises the following steps:
(5a) And calling current data to perform similarity calculation, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein ρ is a value between-1 and +1;
(5b) If the voltage and current reach the recording data of the fault starting threshold for 2 times before and after, if the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.7, the fault of the two times before and after is considered to be the same type of fault, and if the absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.7, the fault of the two times before and after is considered to be different types of faults;
When the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.7, the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is more than or equal to 20%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
The absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.7, and the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is greater than or equal to 50%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
(5c) If the front and back 2 times are recorded data with the harmonic distortion rate reaching a fault starting threshold, if the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.3, the front and back two faults are considered to be the same type of faults, and if the absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.3, the front and back two faults are considered to be different types of faults;
When the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.3, the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is more than or equal to 20%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
The absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.3, and the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is greater than or equal to 50%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
(5d) If the front and back 2 times are not the same type of fault starting threshold, if the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.5, the front and back two times of faults are considered to be the same type of faults, and if the absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.5, the front and back two times of faults are considered to be different types of faults;
When the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.5, the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is more than or equal to 20%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
The absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.3, and the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is greater than or equal to 50%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
(5e) The frequency of the correlation of each subharmonic is 1 is accumulated, and if the correlation of a subharmonic exceeds 10% of the total accumulated frequency of each subharmonic, the subharmonic is considered to have close correlation with the cable fault.
According to the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, the harmonic signals formed by the discharge phenomenon of the insulation defects of the cable line are collected, the electric quantity harmonic characteristics of the distribution cable are captured and analyzed, and the cable state is evaluated and early-warned by comparing the typical data of the previous or historical record of the line, so that the latent faults can be found early, and the power failure loss caused by the faults is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for early warning of harmonic fluctuation of a distribution cable;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a harmonic fluctuation correlation determination method according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of the system architecture of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 3, a monitoring system for harmonic fluctuation of a distribution cable comprises a high-precision current transformer, a distribution cable distributed monitoring device and a background analysis server; the distributed monitoring device for the distribution cable comprises an analog sensing conditioning module, a high-frequency sampling module, a communication module, a core processing unit, a power module and a shell; the output end of the high-precision current transformer is connected with the input end of the analog quantity sensing conditioning module; the output end of the analog sensing conditioning module is connected with the input end of the high-frequency sampling module; the output end of the high-frequency sampling module is connected with the input end of the core processing unit; the core processing unit is communicated with the background analysis server through the communication module; and the core processing unit is integrated with a microprocessor chip with a distribution cable harmonic fluctuation early warning algorithm.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the method comprises the following steps in sequence:
(1) Sampling 4 voltages and 4 currents at high frequency and storing the sampled 4 voltages and the 4 currents as standard com format data;
(2) Calculating effective value phase voltage, phase current and zero sequence voltage zero sequence current, and setting a starting threshold;
(3) Calculating and recording the content of each harmonic wave and the total harmonic distortion rate by taking 5 cycles as a time window;
(4) After the voltage and current or the total harmonic distortion rate or the content of each subharmonic reach the starting threshold, storing 100 cycles before starting, recovering the data in 5 cycles after recovering, and calling the recording data at the last starting time to enter the step (5);
(5) The method comprises the steps of calling wave recording data during faults and harmonic distortion rate change conditions during two faults, comparing, and evaluating and early warning cable states;
(6) After all the data are stored, the harmonic information showing close correlation is uploaded, and early warning information is provided.
The step (2) specifically refers to: in a power frequency period, the calculation formula of the true effective value U T of the phase voltage is as follows:
Comparing the voltage amplitude of each cycle with a fault starting threshold by taking the cycle as a unit;
The fault starting threshold of the phase voltage and the phase current is 2 times of the true effective value; calculating zero sequence current and zero sequence voltage by using 3 half waves or 30ms sampling point data;
after the fault is started, determining a fault starting point: from the previous cycle of the fault starting, comparing voltage instantaneous values in turn, and determining a point that the amplitude value of the first instantaneous value, namely the absolute value of the instantaneous value, is 1.4 times greater than the fault starting threshold as a fault starting point; when the voltage of 2 or more continuous cycles exceeds the fault starting threshold, confirming the earth fault, otherwise, considering disturbance; the end of the disturbance is the second cycle after the fault is started; that is, if the voltage exceeds the fail-over threshold from the third cycle, a new fault is considered.
The step (3) specifically refers to: the content ratio HR of each harmonic and the total harmonic distortion ratio THD are set to 2 to 63 harmonics; if the total harmonic distortion is more than 4%, the odd order is more than 3.2%, the even order is more than 1.6%, and one of the three is satisfied, then the method is started, and recording and data storage are carried out.
The step (5) specifically comprises the following steps:
(5a) And calling current data to perform similarity calculation, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein ρ is a value between-1 and +1;
(5b) If the voltage and current reach the recording data of the fault starting threshold for 2 times before and after, if the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.7, the fault of the two times before and after is considered to be the same type of fault, and if the absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.7, the fault of the two times before and after is considered to be different types of faults;
When the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.7, the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is more than or equal to 20%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
The absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.7, and the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is greater than or equal to 50%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
(5c) If the front and back 2 times are recorded data with the harmonic distortion rate reaching a fault starting threshold, if the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.3, the front and back two faults are considered to be the same type of faults, and if the absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.3, the front and back two faults are considered to be different types of faults;
When the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.3, the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is more than or equal to 20%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
The absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.3, and the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is greater than or equal to 50%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
(5d) If the front and back 2 times are not the same type of fault starting threshold, if the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.5, the front and back two times of faults are considered to be the same type of faults, and if the absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.5, the front and back two times of faults are considered to be different types of faults;
When the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.5, the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is more than or equal to 20%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
The absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.3, and the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is greater than or equal to 50%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
(5e) The frequency of the correlation of each subharmonic is 1 is accumulated, and if the correlation of a subharmonic exceeds 10% of the total accumulated frequency of each subharmonic, the subharmonic is considered to have close correlation with the cable fault.
In summary, the invention captures and analyzes the electrical harmonic characteristics of the distribution cable by collecting the harmonic signals formed by the discharge phenomenon of the insulation defect of the cable line, and evaluates and pre-warns the cable state by comparing the typical data of the prior or historical record of the line, thereby being capable of early finding the hidden fault and reducing the power failure loss caused by the fault.
Claims (3)
1. A warning method of a monitoring system for harmonic fluctuation of a distribution cable is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps in sequence:
(1) The high-precision current transformer and the voltage transformer sample three-phase voltage, three-phase current, zero-sequence voltage and zero-sequence current of the cable to be tested at high frequency;
(2) The core processing unit calculates effective value phase voltage, phase current, zero sequence voltage and zero sequence current, and sets a fault starting threshold;
(3) Taking 5 cycles as a time window, the core processing unit calculates and records the content of each harmonic and the total harmonic distortion rate;
(4) Storing 100 cycles before starting after one of the voltage and current, the total harmonic distortion rate and the content of each subharmonic reaches a fault starting threshold, recovering the data in 5 cycles after the starting, and calling the recording data at the time of the last starting to enter the step (5);
(5) The core processing unit is used for calling the fault time recording data and the harmonic distortion rate change condition during the two faults, comparing, and evaluating and early warning the cable state;
(6) After the core processing unit stores all data, harmonic information showing close correlation is uploaded to a background analysis server, and early warning is provided by the background analysis server;
the monitoring system comprises a high-precision current transformer, a voltage transformer, a distribution cable distributed monitoring device and a background analysis server; the distributed monitoring device for the distribution cable comprises an analog sensing conditioning module, a high-frequency sampling module, a communication module, a core processing unit, a power module and a shell; the output ends of the high-precision current transformer and the voltage transformer are connected to the input end of the analog sensing conditioning module; the output end of the analog sensing conditioning module is connected with the input end of the high-frequency sampling module; the output end of the high-frequency sampling module is connected with the input end of the core processing unit; the core processing unit is communicated with the background analysis server through the communication module; the core processing unit is integrated with a microprocessor chip with a distribution cable harmonic fluctuation early warning algorithm;
the step (2) specifically refers to: in a power frequency period, the calculation formula of the true effective value U T of the phase voltage is as follows:
Comparing the voltage amplitude of each cycle with a fault starting threshold by taking the cycle as a unit;
The fault starting threshold of the phase voltage and the phase current is 2 times of the true effective value; calculating zero sequence current and zero sequence voltage by using 3 half waves or 30ms sampling point data;
after the fault is started, determining a fault starting point: from the previous cycle of the fault starting, comparing voltage instantaneous values in turn, and determining a point that the amplitude value of the first instantaneous value, namely the absolute value of the instantaneous value, is 1.4 times greater than the fault starting threshold as a fault starting point; when the voltage of 2 or more continuous cycles exceeds the fault starting threshold, confirming the earth fault, otherwise, considering disturbance; the end of the disturbance is the second cycle after the fault is started; that is, if the voltage exceeds the fail-over threshold from the third cycle, a new fault is considered.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the step (3) specifically refers to: the content ratio HR of each harmonic and the total harmonic distortion ratio THD are set to 2 to 63 harmonics; if the total harmonic distortion is more than 4%, the odd order is more than 3.2%, the even order is more than 1.6%, and one of the three is satisfied, then the method is started, and recording and data storage are carried out.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the step (5) specifically comprises the following steps:
(5a) And calling current data to perform similarity calculation, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein ρ is a value between-1 and +1;
(5b) If the voltage and current reach the recording data of the fault starting threshold for 2 times before and after, if the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.7, the fault of the two times before and after is considered to be the same type of fault, and if the absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.7, the fault of the two times before and after is considered to be different types of faults;
When the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.7, the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is more than or equal to 20%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
The absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.7, and the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is greater than or equal to 50%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
(5c) If the front and back 2 times are recorded data with the harmonic distortion rate reaching a fault starting threshold, if the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.3, the front and back two faults are considered to be the same type of faults, and if the absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.3, the front and back two faults are considered to be different types of faults;
When the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.3, the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is more than or equal to 20%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
The absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.3, and the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is greater than or equal to 50%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
(5d) If the front and back 2 times are not the same type of fault starting threshold, if the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.5, the front and back two times of faults are considered to be the same type of faults, and if the absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.5, the front and back two times of faults are considered to be different types of faults;
When the absolute value of rho is larger than 0.5, the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is more than or equal to 20%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
The absolute value of rho is smaller than or equal to 0.3, and the content of each subharmonic is called and compared; if the content change rate of a certain harmonic is greater than or equal to 50%, the correlation between the certain harmonic and the fault is considered to be 1; otherwise, the correlation is considered to be 0;
(5e) The frequency of the correlation of each subharmonic is 1 is accumulated, and if the correlation of a subharmonic exceeds 10% of the total accumulated frequency of each subharmonic, the subharmonic is considered to have close correlation with the cable fault.
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