CN113875508A - Application of sedum sarmentosum as weed prevention and control crop in traditional Chinese medicinal material planting - Google Patents

Application of sedum sarmentosum as weed prevention and control crop in traditional Chinese medicinal material planting Download PDF

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CN113875508A
CN113875508A CN202010628386.6A CN202010628386A CN113875508A CN 113875508 A CN113875508 A CN 113875508A CN 202010628386 A CN202010628386 A CN 202010628386A CN 113875508 A CN113875508 A CN 113875508A
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sedum sarmentosum
chinese medicinal
planting
medicinal materials
traditional chinese
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CN113875508B (en
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张朋
朱伟
李琦
薛启
钱文博
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Hunan Shangyao Traditional Chinese Medicine Development Co ltd
Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi

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Abstract

The invention discloses application of sedum sarmentosum as a weed prevention and control crop in traditional Chinese medicine planting. Which comprises the following steps: (1) planting the traditional Chinese medicinal materials; (2) planting stringy stonecrop; the planting relation of the step (1) and the step (2) is interplanting. The method for ecologically preventing and controlling weeds relieves the shortage of field weeding labor force in the process of building a medicinal material base, and solves the problem of high weeding cost; the utilization efficiency of environmental factors such as water, fertilizer, light and heat of the medicinal material base is improved; the method is adopted to interplant the harvested stringy stonecrop herb, thereby ensuring the purity of stringy stonecrop herb medicinal materials and avoiding the mixing of counterfeit products; the operability is extremely strong, and the popularization is easy.

Description

Application of sedum sarmentosum as weed prevention and control crop in traditional Chinese medicinal material planting
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for controlling weed growth, in particular to application of sedum sarmentosum as a weed prevention and control crop in traditional Chinese medicine planting.
Background
Weeds are a group of plants that interfere with and interfere with human agricultural production, and not only affect the growth, yield and quality of crops, but also waste the available land resources of crops. Especially in the field of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, the traditional Chinese medicine has low agricultural mechanization degree and overhigh artificial weeding cost: the artificial weeding labor is deficient (at present, the labor in medicinal material bases is mostly old people over 60 years old, young people are hardly willing to continue to engage in pure labor agricultural production, and the labor in Chinese medicinal material production is deficient along with the lapse of time), 5-6 times of grass removal is needed in the growth period, the weeding cost is high, and the annual weeding cost is about 1200 yuan. Although the chemical herbicide can effectively control weeds, on one hand, the herbicide special for the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is deficient; on the other hand, the universal herbicide has short field effective period for preventing and controlling weeds, is used for multiple times in a growth period, is easy to cause phytotoxicity and resistance, and is easy to cause the overproof pesticide residue, heavy metal and the like.
The ecological control of weeds has been widely popularized in recent years, and the control modes thereof are increasingly diversified.
Chinese patent document CN107466659A discloses a method for inhibiting weed growth in Chinese medicinal material planting, wherein fallen pine needles collected in advance are uniformly covered on the surface of a Chinese medicinal material planting land, the ventilation and light transmission of normal seedling are ensured, and water fertilizer and field management are carried out according to a conventional seedling growing method; in the process of raising seedlings and growing traditional Chinese medicinal materials, the growth of weeds around the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is inhibited by covering the larch needles. In the method, the seeds of the medicinal materials can normally emerge, and weeds can also normally grow, so that the growth of most of the weeds cannot be effectively controlled.
Chinese patent CN102498836B discloses a method for preventing and controlling exotic weed ageratum conyzoides by using local plants, wherein the local plants which can tolerate the allelopathy stress of ageratum conyzoides, are easy to reproduce and grow fast are selected to prevent and control the growth of exotic weeds, but the method mainly aims at the prevention and control of ageratum conyzoides and does not relate to the prevention and control of other weeds.
Chinese patent CN202085634U discloses a new technology for controlling grass by covering a film on a forest-growing land, which utilizes a black plastic film to cover the soil around the planted sapling, so that a space without growing grass is formed around the sapling, thereby creating a favorable condition for the growth of the sapling. However, this method requires the use of a large amount of plastic film, which is not easily decomposed, and thus increases the environmental stress. In addition, the cost of the mulching film is high, the mulching film needs to be paved in advance in the planting season, the mulching film needs to be removed in advance in the harvesting season, a large amount of labor needs to be consumed, the problem that the mulching film cannot be completely removed is avoided, and the quality of medicinal materials is affected; the disease is easily caused in high-temperature and high-humidity seasons in south by pure couch grass covering. With the advance of the planting field to the pollution-free, the development of a long-acting environment-friendly weeding mode which reduces the manual weeding operation as much as possible and reduces the production cost is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems of lack of labor force and high weeding cost in the traditional Chinese medicine base construction; the invention provides the application of the sedum sarmentosum as the weed prevention and control crop in the planting of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, realizes the weed prevention and control by adopting the sedum sarmentosum interplanting mode, improves the land utilization rate, increases the economic benefit of unit area and reasonably configures ecological niches.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the invention provides application of sedum sarmentosum as a weed prevention and control crop in traditional Chinese medicine planting.
In the present invention, the application may comprise the steps of: (1) planting the traditional Chinese medicinal materials; (2) planting stringy stonecrop; the planting relation of the step (1) and the step (2) is interplanting.
Wherein, preferably, the step of weeding can be carried out before the planting of the Chinese medicinal materials.
The means of weed removal may be conventional in the art, preferably by spraying with a herbicide. The herbicide may be a herbicide conventional in the art, such as quizalofop-p-ethyl or a herbicidal vinegar, preferably a herbicidal vinegar.
The weeding vinegar can be conventional weeding vinegar in the field, and is preferably diluted by 25-30 times. Generally, the weeds are sprayed thoroughly by spraying a herbicide, and after 3 to 7 days, the weeds can be completely removed after the weeds wither.
In the step (1), before planting the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, a land selection step and a land preparation step are generally further included.
The land selection step can be a conventional land selection step in the field, and preferably a base with a deep soil layer, rich and loose soil, high organic matter content, sufficient sunlight, good ventilation and sufficient water source is selected.
Wherein, the soil preparation step can be a soil preparation step conventional in the field, and preferably comprises the following steps: deeply turning over the selected base land once, and applying 1800-2000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer to each mu of land; then, a ridge is raised, the width of the ridge bottom is 110-120 cm, the ridge interval is 25-35cm, and the ridge body is full and is in a turtle-back shape. The deep-turning thickness is preferably 25-30 cm.
In the step (1), the operation of planting the traditional Chinese medicinal materials can be a conventional planting means in the field, for example, seedlings of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are placed in plant holes, and soil is covered and compacted. The skilled person knows that the plant seedling of the traditional Chinese medicinal material can be a seedling or a stem segment. The length of the stem section of the traditional Chinese medicinal material can be 8-11 cm, such as 10 cm.
Before the seedlings of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are planted, preferably, the seedlings of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are dipped by a bactericide. The bactericide may be conventional in the art, for example carbendazim. The dipping time can be 8-15 min, for example 10 min.
The seedlings dipped by the bactericide are preferably rooted by using rooting powder. The rooting powder may be conventional in the art. The concentration of the rooting powder is preferably 10-20mg/kg, and the root soaking time can be 2-5 min.
Wherein the plant-row spacing of the Chinese medicinal materials can be the conventional plant-row spacing in the field, and is preferably 20-30 cm. The depth of the plant hole is preferably 8-10 cm. The thickness of the soil layer of the covering soil is preferably 2-3 cm.
In the step (1), the Chinese medicinal materials can be conventional in the field, and preferably the Chinese medicinal materials have a plant height of 20-70 cm, such as rhizoma polygonati or polygonatum odoratum. The plant height of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials refers to the plant height of the corresponding traditional Chinese medicinal materials when the sedum sarmentosum is planted, and does not refer to the final height of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials.
The planting time of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials can be conventional in the field, and can be, for example, from middle and last 3 months to middle and last 4 months in spring, or from 9 to 10 months in autumn.
In the step (2), the planting time of the sedum sarmentosum can be adjusted according to the planting time of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials. The planting density of the sedum sarmentosum can be adjusted according to the plant height of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials.
When the sedum sarmentosum is sown by adopting seeds and the plant height of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is less than 20cm, the seed sowing amount of the sedum sarmentosum is preferably 2-4 kg/mu, such as 3 kg/mu. The condition generally means that the planting amount of the sedum sarmentosum is relatively high when the plant height of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is small in spring or autumn or the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are not planted in advance.
When the sedum sarmentosum is sown by adopting seeds and the plant height of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is more than 20cm and less than 70cm, the seed sowing amount of the sedum sarmentosum is preferably 1.5-2.5 kg/mu, such as 2 kg/mu. The condition generally means that the planting amount of the sedum sarmentosum is relatively small when the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are planted and the plant height of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is high in spring or autumn. Generally, when sedum sarmentosum is interplanted, it is better to plant the medicinal materials within the first two years.
When the sedum sarmentosum is sown by stem sections and the plant height of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is less than 30cm, the sowing amount of the stem sections of the sedum sarmentosum is preferably 130-150 kg/mu, such as 150 kg/mu. The condition generally means that the planting amount of the sedum sarmentosum is relatively high when the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are not planted or the plant height of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is small in autumn.
Wherein, when the sedum sarmentosum is sown by stem sections and the plant height of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is more than 30cm and less than 70cm, the sowing amount of the stem sections of the sedum sarmentosum is preferably 50-100 kg/mu, such as 100 kg/mu. The condition generally means that the planting amount of the sedum sarmentosum is relatively small when the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are planted and the plant height of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is high in autumn. Generally, when sedum sarmentosum is interplanted, it is better to plant the medicinal materials within the first two years.
The length of the stem section of the sedum sarmentosum can be 8-11 cm, such as 10 cm.
Wherein, the seeds of the sedum sarmentosum are preferably soaked by the bactericide before sowing. The soaking time can be conventional in the art, and is preferably 20-40 min, for example 30 min. The bactericide is generally used after dilution, which may be 500-fold.
Generally, after the sedum sarmentosum is sown, plant ash or organic fertilizer is timely scattered for covering.
Wherein, preferably, step (2) is followed by a step (3): and (5) field management.
In the step (3), preferably, the sedum sarmentosum is subjected to first artificial weeding after being planted for one month. Preferably, 1% urea aqueous solution is sprayed (twice spraying) in the whole field every 15 days when the height of the sedum sarmentosum is 3-5 cm, for example 5cm, wherein "%" refers to the mass percentage of solute in the solution. Preferably, when the height of the sedum sarmentosum is 8-12 cm, for example 10cm, the urea is spread in the standard whole field of 12-15 kg/mu.
Generally, when the fruits of the sedum sarmentosum are ripe in 7 months, the seeds can fall off automatically according to the field closure and the actual requirements, the sedum sarmentosum coverage density is increased continuously, and the sedum sarmentosum can achieve a good effect on weed prevention and control. Preferably, the harvest is carried out within 10 months of the year or within 6 months of the next year according to the density and growth condition of the sedum sarmentosum.
Preferably, before overwintering, generally 11-12 months, uniformly spreading decomposed organic fertilizer according to the standard of 1500-2000 kg/mu, and covering 1-3 cm of dried couch grass, for example 2 cm. Generally, the method provides guarantee for the safe overwintering of the sedum sarmentosum, can suppress weeds and improve the ground temperature, and strives for time for the early germination of the sedum sarmentosum.
In 4 months of the next year, the thatch is generally removed in time, and weeds are removed. Preferably, the FeSO is sprayed on the leaf surface once every 15 days4.7H2O、KH2PO4And urea; wherein, FeSO4.7H2The concentration of O is 0.2 to 0.4 percent; KH (Perkin Elmer)2PO4The concentration is 0.3 to 0.5 percent; urea concentration 0.2% to 1.5%, where "%" refers to the mass percentage of solute in the solution, e.g. 0.2% FeSO4.7H2O, 0.3% KH2PO4And 0.5% urea. Preferably, the foliar spraying is continuously performed twice. Generally, the method is used for promoting the leaves of the sedum sarmentosum to turn green and become thick as soon as possible and enhancing photosynthesis. Preferably, when the height of the sedum sarmentosum is 3-6 cm, for example 5cm, the urea is spread in the standard whole field of 15 kg/mu. Generally to encourage the sedum to close as quickly as possible. Later, the medicinal materials are managed in the same way in autumn, winter and spring every year.
On the basis of the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined randomly to obtain the preferred embodiments of the invention.
The reagents and starting materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows:
1) the method for ecologically preventing and controlling weeds relieves the shortage of field weeding labor force in the process of building a medicinal material base, and solves the problem that the weeding cost is high: the initial planting cost per mu is about 300 yuan/mu, the field management is consistent with the medicinal material management, other additional investment is not needed, the ecological environment is protected, 2-3 times of weeding can be averagely reduced every year, the weeding effect is good, and the weeding cost is reduced to 500 yuan/mu/year;
2) the method of the invention also improves the utilization efficiency of environmental factors such as water, fertilizer, light and heat of the medicinal material base: compared with the single planting of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, the sedum sarmentosum interplanting realizes the three-dimensional layout of agricultural production, improves the utilization efficiency of environmental factors such as light, temperature, water, gas, fertilizer and the like, improves the ecological diversity and reduces the plant diseases and insect pests;
3) by adopting the method, 100-120 kg of sedum sarmentosum can be harvested every year, the yield per mu reaches 1200-1500 yuan, the yield per mu is increased while the normal growth of medicinal materials such as polygonatum sibiricum and the like is ensured, and good economic benefit is achieved; in addition, the conventional sedum sarmentosum medicinal materials are easy to have counterfeit products, and the method for interplanting the harvested sedum sarmentosum ensures the purity of the sedum sarmentosum medicinal materials and avoids the mixing of the counterfeit products.
4) The weed prevention and control method is simple, low in cost, extremely convenient to operate, long in weeding duration, extremely strong in operability and easy to popularize.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
Example 1 spring interplanting of non-planted plots
(1) Planting rhizoma polygonati: rhizoma Polygonati is planted in the middle and last ten days of 3 months to the middle and last ten days of 4 months. Selecting bases with deep soil layers, fertile, loose, high organic matter content, sufficient sunlight, good ventilation and sufficient water sources. Before planting, selecting weeding vinegar with the dilution ratio of 25-30 times in sunny weather, spraying weeds thoroughly, and after 5 days, planting rhizoma Polygonati after weeds wither and weeds are removed. The method is characterized in that the land is deeply turned by 30cm before planting, enough base fertilizer is applied by raking, leveling and finely, 2000kg of thoroughly decomposed organic fertilizer is uniformly spread per mu, a high ridge with the width of about 120cm is made, the ridge length is determined according to the terrain, the width of a ridge ditch is about 30cm, the ridge surface is in a turtle back shape, drainage is facilitated, and the ridge direction of the mountain sloping field is perpendicular to the sloping direction so as to avoid water and soil loss. The row spacing of the plants is about 30cm, the plant hole depth is about 10cm, fine soil is covered for about 2cm, the seed stems are placed horizontally, the bud eyes face upwards, 1 plant is arranged in each hole, and the soil is covered and compressed.
(2) Planting stringy stonecrop: and (3) interplanting sedum sarmentosum in time after the sealwort is planted, wherein the earlier the sedum sarmentosum is planted, the better the sedum sarmentosum is planted. After sealwort is planted in spring, sedum sarmentosum is interplanted and directly propagated by adopting seeds, the seeding amount is 3 kg/mu, 500 times of carbendazim liquid medicine is used for soaking for 30min before seeding, the air drying and the plant ash are uniformly mixed, and the uniform sowing is realized.
(3) Management of field
The sedum sarmentosum planted in the same year is generally subjected to first manual weeding one month after the sedum sarmentosum is planted, and 1% urea aqueous solution is sprayed every 10 days when the height of the sedum sarmentosum is about 5cm, so that the sedum sarmentosum is promoted to grow as soon as possible. When the height of the sedum sarmentosum is about 10cm, spreading urea in the standard whole field of 15 kg/mu to promote the sedum sarmentosum to close the row as soon as possible. After the fruits are ripe in 7 months, the seeds can fall off automatically according to the field closing and actual requirements, the covering density of the sedum sarmentosum is increased continuously, and the sedum sarmentosum is ensured to achieve a good effect on weed prevention and control. The sedum sarmentosum is a perennial plant, and part of sedum sarmentosum can be harvested in batches in summer and autumn according to the growth vigor of medicinal materials and the weed condition, so that the density of the sedum sarmentosum is reasonably regulated. Before overwintering, uniformly spreading decomposed organic fertilizer according to the standard of 1500 kg/mu, and covering about 2cm of dry thatch (providing guarantee for safe overwintering of sedum sarmentosum, simultaneously suppressing weeds and improving ground temperature, and gaining time for early germination of sedum sarmentosum and medicinal materials). In 3 months of the next year, removing the couch grass in time, removing big weeds, and spraying 0.2% FeSO once every 15d of leaf surface4.7H2O and 0.3% KH2PO4And 0.5 percent of urea are sprayed for two times (promoting the leaves of the sedum sarmentosum to return green and become thick as soon as possible, and enhancing the photosynthesis). When the height of the sedum sarmentosum is about 5cm, urea is spread in the standard whole field of 25 kg/mu to promote the sedum sarmentosum to close the row as soon as possible. And performing conventional management in autumn, winter and spring every year, and harvesting rhizoma polygonati one by one when harvesting.
Example 2 autumn interplanting of non-planted plots
(1) Planting rhizoma polygonati: planting rhizoma Polygonati in 9-10 months in the same manner as in example 1;
(2) planting stringy stonecrop: interplanting herba Sedi in time after planting rhizoma Polygonati, selecting stem section of herba Sedi with vigorous growth, dark green color and about 10cm, soaking in 500 times of carbendazim solution for 10min for sterilization, soaking root in rooting powder (10-20mg/kg) for 2min, uniformly broadcasting before raining in rows with a broadcasting density of 150kg (fresh stem section)/mu, and timely broadcasting plant ash or organic fertilizer for covering after broadcasting.
(3) Field management: the same as in example 1.
Example 3 spring interplanting of planted plots
(1) Planting stringy stonecrop: in spring, firstly, seeds are adopted for propagation, the seeding amount is 1.5 kg/mu, and the seeds are soaked in 500 times of carbendazim liquid medicine for 30min before seeding and are uniformly broadcast; and (5) timely reseeding according to the density of the sedum sarmentosum, wherein stem reseeding is adopted during reseeding.
(2) Management of field
The sedum sarmentosum planted in the same year is generally subjected to first manual weeding one month after the sedum sarmentosum is planted, and 1% urea aqueous solution is sprayed every 10 days when the height of the sedum sarmentosum is about 5cm, so that the sedum sarmentosum is promoted to grow as soon as possible. When the height of the sedum sarmentosum is about 10cm, spreading urea in the standard whole field of 15 kg/mu to promote the sedum sarmentosum to close the row as soon as possible. After the fruits are ripe in 7 months, the seeds can fall off automatically according to the field closing and actual requirements, the covering density of the sedum sarmentosum is increased continuously, and the sedum sarmentosum is ensured to achieve a good effect on weed prevention and control. The sedum sarmentosum is a perennial plant, and partial sedum sarmentosum can be harvested in batches in summer and autumn according to the growth vigor of medicinal materials and the weed condition, so that the density of the sedum sarmentosum is reasonably regulated. Before overwintering, uniformly spreading decomposed organic fertilizer according to the standard of 2000 kg/mu, and covering about 2cm of dry thatch (providing guarantee for safe overwintering of sedum sarmentosum, simultaneously suppressing weeds and improving ground temperature, and gaining time for early germination of sedum sarmentosum). In 3 days, removing the couch grass in time, removing the weeds, and spraying 0.2% FeSO on the leaf surface every 15 days4.7H2O and 0.3% KH2PO4And 0.5 percent of urea are sprayed for two times (promoting the leaves of the sedum sarmentosum to return green and become thick as soon as possible, and enhancing the photosynthesis). When the height of the sedum sarmentosum is about 5cm, spreading urea in the standard whole field of 15 kg/mu to promote the sedum sarmentosum to close the row as soon as possible. And performing conventional management in autumn, winter and spring every year, and harvesting rhizoma polygonati one by one when harvesting.
Example 4 autumn interplanting of planted plots
(1) Planting stringy stonecrop: in autumn, selecting stem section of Sedum sarmentosum growing vigorously and having dark green color and about 10cm, dipping with 500 times of carbendazim liquid medicine for 10min for disinfection, then soaking root with rooting powder (10-20mg/kg) for 1min, uniformly broadcasting according to rows before raining, wherein the broadcasting density is 50-100kg (weight of fresh stem section)/mu, ensuring that the surface of the Sedum sarmentosum is completely covered, and timely broadcasting plant ash or organic fertilizer for covering after broadcasting.
(2) The field management was the same as in example 3.
Effect example 1
Comparative examples 1 to 6: the weeding mode of the sedum sarmentosum in the example 1 is replaced by the mode of the comparative examples 1-6 in the following table 1, and the planting and other operating conditions of the polygonatum sibiricum are the same as those in the example 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002565611120000081
Figure BDA0002565611120000091
Wherein the weed density is determined in terms of the number of weeds per square meter. Less than 5 per square meter plus + +; 5-15 per square meter + + +; more than 15-30 plants per square meter + + + +; more than 30 plants per square meter + + + +.
Comparative examples 7 to 9: the weeding mode of the sedum sarmentosum in the embodiment 1 is replaced by the mode of the comparative examples 7-9 in the following table 2, the weed prevention and control crops in the following table are plants which are the same in type as the sedum sarmentosum and have shallow root systems and short plants, and the planting and other operation conditions of the polygonatum sibiricum are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002565611120000092
Effect example 2
Comparative examples 10 to 12: the planting density of the sedum sarmentosum in the example 1 is replaced by the mode of the comparative examples 10-12 in the following table 3, and the planting and other operating conditions of the polygonatum sibiricum are the same as those in the example 1.
TABLE 3
Figure BDA0002565611120000093
Figure BDA0002565611120000101
Wherein the weed density is determined in terms of the number of weeds per square meter. Less than 5 per square meter plus + +; 5-15 per square meter + + +; more than 15-30 plants per square meter + + + +; more than 30 plants per square meter + + + +.

Claims (10)

1. An application of sedum sarmentosum as weed prevention and control crop in Chinese herbal medicine planting.
2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (1) planting the traditional Chinese medicinal materials; (2) planting stringy stonecrop; the planting relation of the step (1) and the step (2) is interplanting.
3. The use of claim 2, wherein a weed removal step is further performed prior to planting of the herbal material;
the weed is removed preferably by spraying with a herbicide;
the herbicide is preferably quizalofop-p-ethyl or weeding vinegar, and is more preferably weeding vinegar;
the weeding vinegar is preferably diluted by 25-30 times.
4. The use of claim 2, wherein prior to planting said herb, it further comprises a step of selecting land and a step of preparing land;
the soil preparation step is preferably: deeply turning over the selected base land once, applying 1800-2000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer to each mu of land, and then raising a ridge with the ridge bottom width of 110-120 cm and the ridge interval of 25-35cm, wherein the ridge is in a turtle back shape; the depth of the deep-turning is more preferably 25-30 cm.
5. The use of claim 2, wherein in the step (1), the planting operation of the Chinese herbal medicine is as follows: placing the seedlings of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials in plant holes, covering soil and pressing tightly;
the Chinese medicinal material is preferably rhizoma Polygonati or rhizoma Polygonati Odorati;
the Chinese medicinal materials are preferably Chinese medicinal materials with plant heights of 20-70 cm;
the length of the stem section of the traditional Chinese medicinal material is preferably 8-11 cm, such as 10 cm;
preferably, before planting the seedlings of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, dipping the seedlings of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials in a bactericide; the bactericide is preferably carbendazim; the dipping time is preferably 8-15 min, for example 10 min.
6. The use according to claim 5, wherein the seedlings of said Chinese medicinal material after dipping with said bactericide are rooted with rooting powder; the concentration of the rooting powder is preferably 10-20mg/kg, and the root soaking time is preferably 2-5 min;
and/or the plant-row spacing of the Chinese medicinal materials is 20-30 cm;
and/or the depth of the plant hole is 8-10 cm;
and/or the thickness of the soil layer of the covering soil is 2-3 cm.
7. The use of claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the Chinese medicinal materials are planted in the middle and last 3-4 of spring, or in the middle and last 9-10 of autumn;
when the sedum sarmentosum is sown by adopting seeds and the plant height of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is less than 20cm, the seed sowing amount of the sedum sarmentosum is preferably 2-4 kg/mu, such as 3 kg/mu;
when the sedum sarmentosum is sown by adopting seeds and the plant height of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is more than 20cm and less than 70cm, the seed sowing amount of the sedum sarmentosum is preferably 1.5-2.5 kg/mu, such as 2 kg/mu;
when the sedum sarmentosum is sown by stem sections and the plant height of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is less than 30cm, the sowing amount of the stem sections of the sedum sarmentosum is preferably 130-150 kg/mu, such as 150 kg/mu; the length of the stem section of the sedum sarmentosum is preferably 8-11 cm, such as 10 cm;
when the sedum sarmentosum is sown by stem sections, and the plant height of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is more than 30cm and less than 70cm, the sowing amount of the stem sections of the sedum sarmentosum is preferably 50-100 kg/mu, such as 100 kg/mu; the length of the stem section of the sedum sarmentosum is preferably 8-11 cm, for example 10 cm.
8. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: the seeds of the sedum sarmentosum are soaked by the bactericide according to claim 5 before sowing; the soaking time is preferably 20-40 min, for example 30 min.
9. The use of claim 2, wherein step (2) is followed by a step (3): managing the field;
in the step (3), preferably, the sedum sarmentosum is subjected to first artificial weeding after being planted for one month;
preferably, when the height of the sedum sarmentosum is 3-5 cm, for example 5cm, spraying 1% urea aqueous solution every 15 days;
preferably, when the height of the sedum sarmentosum is 8-12 cm, for example 10cm, the urea is broadcast in a standard whole field of 12-15 kg/mu.
10. The use of claim 9, wherein a portion of the sedum sarmentosum is harvested at 10 months of the year or 6 months of the following year;
preferably, the decomposed organic fertilizer is uniformly spread according to the standard of 1500-2000 kg/mu for 11-12 months, and 1-3 cm of dry couch grass is covered on the decomposed organic fertilizer, for example 2cm of dry couch grass;
preferably, FeSO is sprayed on the leaf surface every 15d in the last 4 months of the next year4.7H2O、KH2PO4And urea, wherein, FeSO4.7H2The concentration of O is 0.2 to 0.4 percent, KH2PO4The concentration is 0.3 to 0.5% and FeSO with a urea concentration of 0.2% to 1.5%, e.g. 0.2%4.7H2O, 0.3% KH2PO4And 0.5% urea; more preferably, the foliar spray is continuously performed twice; preferably, when the height of the sedum sarmentosum is 3-6 cm, for example 5cm, the urea is spread in the standard whole field of 15 kg/mu.
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