CN113832725B - 一种多次亲水无纺布及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种多次亲水无纺布及其制备方法,所述多次亲水无纺布包括以下重量份的原料:200‑300份聚丙烯无纺布,80‑100份丙烯酸树脂,20‑30份亲水单体PEG(400)DA和5‑8份氧化铝纳米颗粒。本发明的多次亲水无纺布的制备方法工艺过程环保简单可靠,制得的多次亲水无纺布具有良好的力学和亲水吸湿性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及无纺布技术领域,具体涉及一种多次亲水无纺布及其制备方法。
背景技术
织造布又称无纺布,是由定向的或随机的纤维而构成。因具有布的外观和某些性能而称其为布。无纺布具有透气、柔软、质轻、无毒无刺激性、色彩丰富、价格低廉等特点。热舒适是夏季面料最主要的参考指标,而热舒适性主要取决与人体本身产生的热量和向环境散发热量之间能量交换的平衡,人体通过自身的体温调节机制维持身体的热平衡,这是维持正常生命活动的必要条件。人体皮肤表面水分散失分为气态汗和液态汗,气态汗指人体每时每刻从皮肤表面蒸发的水分,气态汗的传导主要通过织物的孔隙,与织物的透气性关系密切,液态汗是当外界温度等于或超过皮肤温度,尤其是在剧烈运动时,皮肤和人体之间舒适性的热平衡被打破,人体汗腺分泌的液态汗,此时液态汗与气态汗同时存在,需要织物能迅速将人体散发的液态汗和气态汗尽快吸收,就要求织物具有良好的亲水吸湿性能。因此,亟待提供一种具有亲水性能良好的无纺布。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种多次亲水无纺布及其制作方法,工艺过程环保简单可靠,具有良好的力学和亲水吸湿性能。
为了达到上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种多次亲水无纺布,包括以下重量份的原料:200-300份聚丙烯无纺布,80-100份丙烯酸树脂,20-30份亲水单体 PEG(400)DA和5-8份氧化铝纳米颗粒。
优选地,包括以下重量份的原料:300份聚丙烯无纺布,100份丙烯酸树脂,20份亲水单体 PEG(400)DA和6份氧化铝纳米颗粒。
本发明还提供一种多次亲水无纺布的制备方法,包括下列步骤:
S1、聚丙烯无纺布预处理、制备亲水整理剂;
S2、将预处理后的聚丙烯无纺布进行二次亲水整理,再进行热烘处理,得亲水无纺布。
优选地,所述聚丙烯无纺布预处理的具体步骤为:将聚丙烯无纺布反复用乙醇浸泡5次,每次浸泡5h,再反复用去离子水洗涤5次,洗净后将无纺布放到烘箱中,温度60-80℃,烘干。
优选地,所述制备亲水整理剂包括制备嵌插亲水整理剂和固化交联亲水整理剂。
优选地,所述步骤S2具体为:将预处理后的聚丙烯无纺布先通过嵌插亲水整理剂进行亲水整理,60℃温度下干燥3min,再通过固化交联亲水整理剂进行再次亲水处理,然后再进行热烘处理,得亲水无纺布。
优选地,所述嵌插亲水整理剂的制备方法具体为:将重量份50份的聚乙烯醇在搅拌下完全溶解于 80℃去离子水中,冷却至室温,然后加入体积分数为90%的乙酸溶液、戊二醛、氧化铝纳米颗粒与聚乙烯醇溶液混合,搅拌均匀得纳米混合溶液,其中乙酸溶液:戊二醛:聚乙烯醇的重量份比为(2~1):1:1;
将重量份为5-7份的十二烷基硫酸钠、重量份20份的粉碎后的聚丙烯纤维、重量份为10-20 份的体积分数为20%的H2SO4溶液搅拌加入到纳米混合溶液中,搅拌3-5min,得嵌插亲水整理剂。
优选地,所述固化交联亲水整理剂的制备方法具体为:将丙烯酸树脂、亲水单体PEG(400)DA、重量份2-4份的光引发剂和重量份10份的乙酸乙酯混合,搅拌2min,得固化交联亲水整理剂。
优选地,所述热烘处理包括先热处理,再UV固化处理。
优选地,所述热处理具体为40℃下在干燥 20min;所述UV固化处理具体为在 UV灯下固化交联25s,其中波长为 256nm,功率为4kw。
本发明中的氧化铝纳米颗粒通过聚乙烯醇改性后,避免亲水性氧化铝纳米颗粒以小的团簇聚集体形式存在,提高了亲水性氧化铝纳米颗粒的分散性,界面相容性得到了明显改善,并增加了颗粒之间的结合力,同时改善嵌插亲水整理剂组分材料之间的阻尼和相容性,提高储能模量,同时亲水性氧化铝纳米颗粒负载于聚丙烯纤维表面,增加了聚丙烯纤维的表面粗糙度,使负载有亲水性氧化铝纳米颗粒的丙烯纤维与聚丙烯无纺布的界面粘结强度得到一定程度的增强,从而能够实现界面之间的交联嵌插,形成层间韧性更强且亲水性更好的聚丙烯无纺布;另一方面,聚丙烯纤维与聚丙烯无纺布的界面相互作用,增加了裂纹偏转能力,进一步提高了复合板的层间断裂韧性,使得无纺布的断裂强度和冲击韧性均大幅增加。
本发明中的嵌插亲水整理剂亲水处理后,再通过固化交联亲水整理剂亲水处理,通过嵌插有嵌插亲水整理剂的聚丙烯无纺布形成的交联嵌插粗糙三维网络结构,增加了界面结合力,将固化交联亲水整理剂中的亲水单体和树脂连接在一起,提高了亲水性,同时使得裂纹的扩展路径发生偏折,从而提高复合材料的层间断裂韧性。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。另,特别说明,本发明原料和设备均可从市售所得,不再一一列举。
实施例一:
一种多次亲水无纺布,包括以下重量份的原料:300份聚丙烯无纺布,100份丙烯酸树脂,20份亲水单体 PEG(400)DA和6份氧化铝纳米颗粒。
一种多次亲水无纺布的制备方法,包括下列步骤:
S1、聚丙烯无纺布预处理:将聚丙烯无纺布反复用乙醇浸泡5次,每次浸泡5h,再反复用去离子水洗涤5次,洗净后将无纺布放到烘箱中,温度60-80℃,烘干,备用;
S2、将预处理后的聚丙烯无纺布浸入到嵌插亲水整理剂内进行亲水整理,60℃温度下干燥3min,然后在遮光情况下浸入到固化交联亲水整理剂内进行再次亲水处理,待亲水处理完成后,于40℃下在干燥 20min;干燥结束后,在UV灯下固化交联25s,其中UV波长为256nm,功率为4kw,固化交联处理后,即得亲水无纺布。
其中,嵌插亲水整理剂的制备方法具体为:将重量份50份的聚乙烯醇在搅拌下完全溶解于 80℃去离子水中,冷却至室温,然后加入体积分数为90%的乙酸溶液、戊二醛、氧化铝纳米颗粒与聚乙烯醇溶液混合,搅拌均匀得纳米混合溶液,其中乙酸溶液:戊二醛:聚乙烯醇的重量份比为2:1:1;将重量份为6份的十二烷基硫酸钠、重量份20份的粉碎后的聚丙烯纤维、重量份为20份的体积分数为20%的H2SO4溶液搅拌加入到纳米混合溶液中,搅拌3min,得嵌插亲水整理剂。
其中,固化交联亲水整理剂的制备方法具体为:将上述重量份的丙烯酸树脂、亲水单体PEG(400)DA、重量份4份的光引发剂Irgacure184 和重量份10份的乙酸乙酯混合,搅拌2min,得固化交联亲水整理剂。
实施例二:
一种多次亲水无纺布,包括以下重量份的原料:200份聚丙烯无纺布,80份丙烯酸树脂,25份亲水单体 PEG(400)DA和5份氧化铝纳米颗粒。
一种多次亲水无纺布的制备方法,包括下列步骤:
S1、聚丙烯无纺布预处理:将聚丙烯无纺布反复用乙醇浸泡5次,每次浸泡5h,再反复用去离子水洗涤5次,洗净后将无纺布放到烘箱中,温度60-80℃,烘干,备用;
S2、将预处理后的聚丙烯无纺布浸入到嵌插亲水整理剂内进行亲水整理,60℃温度下干燥3min,然后再遮光情况下浸入到固化交联亲水整理剂内进行再次亲水处理,待亲水处理完成后,于40℃下在干燥 20min;干燥结束后,在UV灯下固化交联25s,其中UV波长为256nm,功率为4kw,固化交联处理后,即得亲水无纺布。
其中,嵌插亲水整理剂的制备方法具体为:将重量份50份的聚乙烯醇在搅拌下完全溶解于 80℃去离子水中,冷却至室温,然后加入体积分数为90%的乙酸溶液、戊二醛、氧化铝纳米颗粒与聚乙烯醇溶液混合,搅拌均匀得纳米混合溶液,其中乙酸溶液:戊二醛:聚乙烯醇的重量份比为1:1:1;将重量份为5份的十二烷基硫酸钠、重量份20份的粉碎后的聚丙烯纤维、重量份为10份的体积分数为20%的H2SO4溶液搅拌加入到纳米混合溶液中,搅拌5min,得嵌插亲水整理剂。
其中,固化交联亲水整理剂的制备方法具体为:将上述重量份的丙烯酸树脂、亲水单体PEG(400)DA、重量份2份的光引发剂Irgacure184 和重量份10份的乙酸乙酯混合,搅拌2min,得固化交联亲水整理剂。
实施例三:
一种多次亲水无纺布,包括以下重量份的原料:250份聚丙烯无纺布,90份丙烯酸树脂,30份亲水单体 PEG(400)DA和8份氧化铝纳米颗粒。
一种多次亲水无纺布的制备方法,包括下列步骤:
S1、聚丙烯无纺布预处理:将聚丙烯无纺布反复用乙醇浸泡5次,每次浸泡5h,再反复用去离子水洗涤5次,洗净后将无纺布放到烘箱中,温度60-80℃,烘干,备用;
S2、将预处理后的聚丙烯无纺布浸入到嵌插亲水整理剂内进行亲水整理,60℃温度下干燥3min,然后再遮光情况下浸入到固化交联亲水整理剂内进行再次亲水处理,待亲水处理完成后,于40℃下在干燥 20min;干燥结束后,在UV灯下固化交联25s,其中UV波长为256nm,功率为4kw,固化交联处理后,即得亲水无纺布。
其中,嵌插亲水整理剂的制备方法具体为:将重量份50份的聚乙烯醇在搅拌下完全溶解于 80℃去离子水中,冷却至室温,然后加入体积分数为90%的乙酸溶液、戊二醛、氧化铝纳米颗粒与聚乙烯醇溶液混合,搅拌均匀得纳米混合溶液,其中乙酸溶液:戊二醛:聚乙烯醇的重量份比为1.5:1:1;将重量份为7份的十二烷基硫酸钠、重量份20份的粉碎后的聚丙烯纤维、重量份为15份的体积分数为20%的H2SO4溶液搅拌加入到纳米混合溶液中,搅拌4min,得嵌插亲水整理剂。
其中,固化交联亲水整理剂的制备方法具体为:将上述重量份的丙烯酸树脂、亲水单体PEG(400)DA、重量份3份的光引发剂Irgacure184 和重量份10份的乙酸乙酯混合,搅拌2min,得固化交联亲水整理剂。
对比例1:
对比例1与实施例1的组分重量份和制备方法基本相同,不同的是,不用嵌插亲水整理剂内进行亲水整理,具体为:
一种多次亲水无纺布,包括以下重量份的原料:300份聚丙烯无纺布,100份丙烯酸树脂和20份亲水单体 PEG(400)DA。
一种多次亲水无纺布的制备方法,包括下列步骤:
S1、聚丙烯无纺布预处理:将聚丙烯无纺布反复用乙醇浸泡5次,每次浸泡5h,再反复用去离子水洗涤5次,洗净后将无纺布放到烘箱中,温度60-80℃,烘干,备用;
S2、将预处理后的聚丙烯无纺布在遮光情况下浸入到固化交联亲水整理剂内进行亲水处理,待亲水处理完成后,于40℃下在干燥 20min;干燥结束后,在UV灯下固化交联25s,其中UV波长为 256nm,功率为4kw,固化交联处理后,即得亲水无纺布。
其中,固化交联亲水整理剂的制备方法具体为:将上述重量份的丙烯酸树脂、亲水单体PEG(400)DA、重量份4份的光引发剂Irgacure184 和重量份10份的乙酸乙酯混合,搅拌2min,得固化交联亲水整理剂。
对比例2:
对比例2与实施例1的组分重量份和制备方法基本相同,不同的是,嵌插亲水整理剂不使用聚丙烯纤维,具体为:
一种多次亲水无纺布,包括以下重量份的原料:300份聚丙烯无纺布,100份丙烯酸树脂,20份亲水单体 PEG(400)DA和6份氧化铝纳米颗粒。
一种多次亲水无纺布的制备方法,包括下列步骤:
S1、聚丙烯无纺布预处理:将聚丙烯无纺布反复用乙醇浸泡5次,每次浸泡5h,再反复用去离子水洗涤5次,洗净后将无纺布放到烘箱中,温度60-80℃,烘干,备用;
S2、将预处理后的聚丙烯无纺布浸入到嵌插亲水整理剂内进行亲水整理,60℃温度下干燥3min,然后在遮光情况下浸入到固化交联亲水整理剂内进行再次亲水处理,待亲水处理完成后,于40℃下在干燥 20min;干燥结束后,在UV灯下固化交联25s,其中UV波长为256nm,功率为4kw,固化交联处理后,即得亲水无纺布。
其中,嵌插亲水整理剂的制备方法具体为:将重量份50份的聚乙烯醇在搅拌下完全溶解于 80℃去离子水中,冷却至室温,然后加入体积分数为90%的乙酸溶液、戊二醛、氧化铝纳米颗粒与聚乙烯醇溶液混合,搅拌均匀得嵌插亲水整理剂,其中乙酸溶液:戊二醛:聚乙烯醇的重量份比为(2~1):1:1。
其中,固化交联亲水整理剂的制备方法具体为:将上述重量份的丙烯酸树脂、亲水单体PEG(400)DA、重量份4份的光引发剂Irgacure184 和重量份10份的乙酸乙酯混合,搅拌2min,得固化交联亲水整理剂。
对实施例1-3和对比例1-2所得亲水无纺布,剪取5块90mm×90mm的方形试样,分别测试5次取平均值,进行断裂强度、冲击韧性和吸水性的测试,结果如表1所示。其中,断裂强度、冲击韧性采用GB/T 24218.3-2010标准,吸水性采用ASTM D 6651-01标准。
表1
从上表可以看出,实施例1-3的断裂强度、冲击韧性和吸水率较对比例1-2均有所提高,说明本发明进行两次亲水整理不仅可以提高无纺布的亲水性,还可以提高无纺布的力学性能;同时本发明通过亲水性纳米颗粒与纤维的改性结合,能够在一定程度上提高亲水性,并能更好地提高无纺布的力学性能。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种多次亲水无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于,包括下列步骤:
S1、聚丙烯无纺布预处理、制备亲水整理剂;
S2、将预处理后的聚丙烯无纺布进行二次亲水整理,再进行热烘处理,得亲水无纺布;
所述聚丙烯无纺布预处理的具体步骤为:将聚丙烯无纺布反复用乙醇浸泡5次,每次浸泡5h,再反复用去离子水洗涤5次,洗净后将无纺布放到烘箱中,温度60-80℃,烘干;
所述制备亲水整理剂包括制备嵌插亲水整理剂和固化交联亲水整理剂;
所述步骤S2具体为:将预处理后的聚丙烯无纺布先通过嵌插亲水整理剂进行亲水整理,60℃温度下干燥3min,再通过固化交联亲水整理剂进行再次亲水处理,然后再进行热烘处理,得亲水无纺布;
所述嵌插亲水整理剂的制备方法具体为:将重量份50份的聚乙烯醇在搅拌下完全溶解于 80℃去离子水中,冷却至室温,然后加入体积分数为90%的乙酸溶液、戊二醛、氧化铝纳米颗粒与聚乙烯醇溶液混合,搅拌均匀得纳米混合溶液,其中乙酸溶液:戊二醛:聚乙烯醇的重量份比为(2~1):1:1;
将重量份为5-7份的十二烷基硫酸钠、重量份20份的粉碎后的聚丙烯纤维、重量份为10-20 份的体积分数为20%的H2SO4溶液搅拌加入到纳米混合溶液中,搅拌3-5min,得嵌插亲水整理剂;
所述固化交联亲水整理剂的制备方法具体为:将丙烯酸树脂、亲水单体PEG400、重量份2-4份的光引发剂和重量份10份的乙酸乙酯混合,搅拌2min,得固化交联亲水整理剂;
多次亲水无纺布包括以下重量份的原料:200-300份聚丙烯无纺布,80-100份丙烯酸树脂,20-30份亲水单体 PEG400和5-8份氧化铝纳米颗粒。
2.如权利要求1所述的多次亲水无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于,多次亲水无纺布包括以下重量份的原料:300份聚丙烯无纺布,100份丙烯酸树脂,20份亲水单体 PEG400和6份氧化铝纳米颗粒。
3.如权利要求1所述的多次亲水无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于,所述热烘处理包括先热处理,再UV固化处理。
4.如权利要求3所述的多次亲水无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于,所述热处理具体为40℃下在干燥 20min;所述UV固化处理具体为在UV灯下固化交联25s,其中波长为 256nm,功率为4kw。
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