CN109235036A - 一种汽蒸加热原位生成-浸渍涂覆制备抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料的方法 - Google Patents
一种汽蒸加热原位生成-浸渍涂覆制备抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种汽蒸加热原位生成‑浸渍涂覆制备抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料的方法,将聚丙烯无纺布裁切后在无水乙醇中浸泡,用蒸馏水反复清洗,干燥后,置于酸性氧化腐蚀液中浸泡,在水浴中反应,干燥后,在蒸馏水中浸泡,再干燥制得表面亲水改性的聚丙烯无纺布;将所得表面亲水改性的聚丙烯无纺布浸入到混合溶液中,振荡处理后,取出用去离子水清洗,置于饱和蒸汽条件下汽蒸,在无纺布上原位生成纳米银颗粒;向壳聚糖中加入乙酸溶液,机械分散制得壳聚糖溶液,加入茶多酚,低速分散搅拌,制得壳聚糖‑茶多酚混合液;将所得原位生成纳米银颗粒的无纺布浸入其中,在恒温恒湿箱内浸渍,制得抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于无纺布材料领域,具体涉及一种汽蒸加热原位生成-浸渍涂覆制备抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料的方法。
背景技术
随着生活质量的提高和食品在生产、流通、贮存和消费方式等环节的多元化,消费者对食品本身的质量、包装的安全保鲜、风味和方便食用等要素有了更高的要求。因此各国都在加快节奏进行食品包装新材料、新技术的研究和开发,而活性包装正因为它特有的优势(不仅是产品与外界环境的屏障,而且结合了先进的食品包装和材料科学技术,最大限度地保持了包装食品的质量。)成为国内外研究的一大趋势。目前,国内外学者在以塑料薄膜为基材开发活性包装材料方面做了大量的研究,其中主要以抑菌活性包装材料为主,而对抗氧化活性包装材料的研究相对较少,并且活性包装新材料在我国商品包装中的应用尚未普及。而且在研究活性包装材料时通常选择的基材是塑料薄膜、可食性材料、纸等,而选择价格低廉、性能优异、绿化环保适应性广的无纺布鲜有报道,因此对纳米银-壳聚糖-茶多酚涂覆无纺布这一新型活性包装材料(综合考虑抑菌、抗氧化、机械强度等性能指标,研制具有抗氧化、抑菌等复合化活性功能的包装材料,全面抑制食品腐败,延长食品货架期,增强材料的机械性能,使其更广泛的被应用到实际生活中)的制备和性能研究也依旧是崭新的研究课题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题,提供了一种汽蒸加热原位生成-浸渍涂覆制备抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料的方法,依照该方法制作的无纺布包装材料保鲜效果明显,抑菌性较好,具有优异的耐洗性能。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种汽蒸加热原位生成-浸渍涂覆制备抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)聚丙烯无纺布表面亲水改性:
将聚丙烯无纺布裁切后在无水乙醇中浸泡20-25h,用蒸馏水反复清洗,在63-67℃下干燥后,置于酸性氧化腐蚀液中浸泡,于33-37℃水浴中反应3-4h,在60-63℃下干燥1-2h后,在蒸馏水中浸泡7-8h,再于60-63℃下干燥1-2h,制得表面亲水改性的聚丙烯无纺布;
(2)枇杷叶提取液和银离子在无纺布上的吸附:
将(1)中所得表面亲水改性的聚丙烯无纺布按浴比1:70浸入到混合溶液中,振荡处理55-65min后,取出用去离子水清洗,置于饱和蒸汽条件下汽蒸25-35min,在无纺布上原位生成纳米银颗粒;
(3)制备抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料:
向5-10份壳聚糖中加入1%的乙酸溶液,机械分散制得壳聚糖溶液,加入5-10份茶多酚,低速分散搅拌,制得壳聚糖-茶多酚混合液;将(2)中所得原位生成纳米银颗粒的无纺布浸入其中,在恒温恒湿箱内浸渍23-25h,制得抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料。
进一步的,步骤(1)中向50-60份浓度为15%的硫酸溶液中加入13-14份六水合三氯化铁,溶解制得酸性氧化腐蚀液。
进一步的,步骤(2)中枇杷叶提取物的制备:将枇杷叶清洗干净,烘干后研磨成粉末,向4-6份枇杷叶粉末中按料液比1:20-30加入去离子水,在80-85℃下加热浸取70-90min后,抽滤、以4000rpm的速度离心分离15-25min,得到枇杷叶提取物滤液;
混合溶液由0.5mol/L的硝酸银溶液和枇杷叶提取物滤液组成;
饱和蒸汽条件为温度98℃,相对湿度98%。
进一步的,步骤(3)中茶多酚和壳聚糖的含量均为1.5%,恒温恒湿箱的温度为25℃、相对湿度为50%。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点:
(1)用硫酸和三氯化铁形成的酸性氧化腐蚀液对包装基材疏水的聚丙烯无纺布进行表面亲水改性,提高基材的亲水性能使其方便与纳米银、壳聚糖和茶多酚更牢固的结合;改性后的基材吸水率变大、接触角变小即基材的亲水性有明显提高;改性前的聚丙烯无纺布的表面相对光滑,而改性后的表面出现明显的刻蚀和凹状沉积物,更适应壳聚糖和茶多酚的附着;腐蚀液对基材作用后引入了亲水基团羟基,进一步解释了基材亲水改善的原因。
(2)采用汽蒸加热的方式能够使无纺布吸附的枇杷叶提取物将其所吸附的银离子直接在位还原成纳米银,无纺布的银含量随提取物用量的增加而逐渐提高,相应地其对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌性能也逐渐增强,利用原位生成法制备的含银无纺布具有优异的耐洗性能。
(3)再利用浸渍涂覆法在恒温恒湿条件下制备壳聚糖-茶多酚-纳米银无纺布抑菌保鲜包装材料,随着茶多酚含量增加抗氧化性提高显著,当茶多酚含量到 1.5%后自由基清除率趋于平缓;材料的透气率和孔径都变小,阻隔性提高;壳聚糖的添加引入新的亲水基团-OH、-NH2,茶多酚的加入提高了壳聚糖与基材的相容性;材料保鲜效果明显,抑菌性较好。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种汽蒸加热原位生成-浸渍涂覆制备抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)聚丙烯无纺布表面亲水改性:
将聚丙烯无纺布裁切后在无水乙醇中浸泡20h,用蒸馏水反复清洗,在63-67℃下干燥后,置于酸性氧化腐蚀液中浸泡,于33-37℃水浴中反应3h,在60-63℃下干燥1h后,在蒸馏水中浸泡7h,再于60-63℃下干燥1h,制得表面亲水改性的聚丙烯无纺布;
(2)枇杷叶提取液和银离子在无纺布上的吸附:
将(1)中所得表面亲水改性的聚丙烯无纺布按浴比1:70浸入到混合溶液中,振荡处理55min后,取出用去离子水清洗,置于饱和蒸汽条件下汽蒸25min,在无纺布上原位生成纳米银颗粒;
(3)制备抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料:
向5份壳聚糖中加入1%的乙酸溶液,机械分散制得壳聚糖溶液,加入5份茶多酚,低速分散搅拌,制得壳聚糖-茶多酚混合液;将(2)中所得原位生成纳米银颗粒的无纺布浸入其中,在恒温恒湿箱内浸渍23h,制得抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料。
进一步的,步骤(1)中向50份浓度为15%的硫酸溶液中加入13份六水合三氯化铁,溶解制得酸性氧化腐蚀液。
进一步的,步骤(2)中枇杷叶提取物的制备:将枇杷叶清洗干净,烘干后研磨成粉末,向4份枇杷叶粉末中按料液比1:20加入去离子水,在80-85℃下加热浸取70min后,抽滤、以4000rpm的速度离心分离15min,得到枇杷叶提取物滤液;
混合溶液由0.5mol/L的硝酸银溶液和枇杷叶提取物滤液组成;
饱和蒸汽条件为温度98℃,相对湿度98%。
进一步的,步骤(3)中茶多酚和壳聚糖的含量均为1.5%,恒温恒湿箱的温度为25℃、相对湿度为50%。
实施例2
一种汽蒸加热原位生成-浸渍涂覆制备抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)聚丙烯无纺布表面亲水改性:
将聚丙烯无纺布裁切后在无水乙醇中浸泡25h,用蒸馏水反复清洗,在63-67℃下干燥后,置于酸性氧化腐蚀液中浸泡,于33-37℃水浴中反应4h,在60-63℃下干燥2h后,在蒸馏水中浸泡8h,再于60-63℃下干燥2h,制得表面亲水改性的聚丙烯无纺布;
(2)枇杷叶提取液和银离子在无纺布上的吸附:
将(1)中所得表面亲水改性的聚丙烯无纺布按浴比1:70浸入到混合溶液中,振荡处理65min后,取出用去离子水清洗,置于饱和蒸汽条件下汽蒸35min,在无纺布上原位生成纳米银颗粒;
(3)制备抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料:
向10份壳聚糖中加入1%的乙酸溶液,机械分散制得壳聚糖溶液,加入10份茶多酚,低速分散搅拌,制得壳聚糖-茶多酚混合液;将(2)中所得原位生成纳米银颗粒的无纺布浸入其中,在恒温恒湿箱内浸渍25h,制得抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料。
进一步的,步骤(1)中向60份浓度为15%的硫酸溶液中加入14份六水合三氯化铁,溶解制得酸性氧化腐蚀液。
进一步的,步骤(2)中枇杷叶提取物的制备:将枇杷叶清洗干净,烘干后研磨成粉末,向6份枇杷叶粉末中按料液比1:30加入去离子水,在80-85℃下加热浸取90min后,抽滤、以4000rpm的速度离心分离25min,得到枇杷叶提取物滤液;
混合溶液由0.5mol/L的硝酸银溶液和枇杷叶提取物滤液组成;
饱和蒸汽条件为温度98℃,相对湿度98%。
进一步的,步骤(3)中茶多酚和壳聚糖的含量均为1.5%,恒温恒湿箱的温度为25℃、相对湿度为50%。
按照本发明方法制作的无纺布包装材料保鲜效果明显,抑菌性较好,具有优异的耐洗性能;能延长水果的保鲜期、生鲜的货架期;对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率高达99.88%,即使经过20次洗涤后,抑菌率仍保持在98%以上。
Claims (4)
1.一种汽蒸加热原位生成-浸渍涂覆制备抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)聚丙烯无纺布表面亲水改性:
将聚丙烯无纺布裁切后在无水乙醇中浸泡20-25h,用蒸馏水反复清洗,在63-67℃下干燥后,置于酸性氧化腐蚀液中浸泡,于33-37℃水浴中反应3-4h,在60-63℃下干燥1-2h后,在蒸馏水中浸泡7-8h,再于60-63℃下干燥1-2h,制得表面亲水改性的聚丙烯无纺布;
(2)枇杷叶提取液和银离子在无纺布上的吸附:
将(1)中所得表面亲水改性的聚丙烯无纺布按浴比1:70浸入到混合溶液中,振荡处理55-65min后,取出用去离子水清洗,置于饱和蒸汽条件下汽蒸25-35min,在无纺布上原位生成纳米银颗粒;
(3)制备抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料:
向5-10份壳聚糖中加入1%的乙酸溶液,机械分散制得壳聚糖溶液,加入5-10份茶多酚,低速分散搅拌,制得壳聚糖-茶多酚混合液;将(2)中所得原位生成纳米银颗粒的无纺布浸入其中,在恒温恒湿箱内浸渍23-25h,制得抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽蒸加热原位生成-浸渍涂覆制备抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料的方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中向50-60份浓度为15%的硫酸溶液中加入13-14份六水合三氯化铁,溶解制得酸性氧化腐蚀液。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽蒸加热原位生成-浸渍涂覆制备抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料的方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中枇杷叶提取物的制备:
将枇杷叶清洗干净,烘干后研磨成粉末,向4-6份枇杷叶粉末中按料液比1:20-30加入去离子水,在80-85℃下加热浸取70-90min后,抽滤、以4000rpm的速度离心分离15-25min,得到枇杷叶提取物滤液;
混合溶液由0.5mol/L的硝酸银溶液和枇杷叶提取物滤液组成;
饱和蒸汽条件为温度98℃,相对湿度98%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽蒸加热原位生成-浸渍涂覆制备抑菌保鲜无纺布包装材料的方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中茶多酚和壳聚糖的含量均为1.5%,恒温恒湿箱的温度为25℃、相对湿度为50%。
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