CN113828924A - K438 high-temperature alloy welding method - Google Patents
K438 high-temperature alloy welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113828924A CN113828924A CN202111321608.0A CN202111321608A CN113828924A CN 113828924 A CN113828924 A CN 113828924A CN 202111321608 A CN202111321608 A CN 202111321608A CN 113828924 A CN113828924 A CN 113828924A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003483 aging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature alloy connection forming, and discloses a K438 high-temperature alloy welding method, which comprises the following steps: carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment on the K438 high-temperature alloy plate to be welded, then carrying out acid washing to remove hydrogen, cleaning the welding position by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying; fixing the dried K438 high-temperature alloy plate to be welded on a laser welding working platform, drawing a motion track graph required by welding by adjusting the process parameters such as laser power, welding speed, defocusing amount and the like and focusing laser at a welding seam, determining a welding starting point, and starting dotting and positioning welding; determining technological parameters by adjusting laser power, welding speed, defocusing amount and light emitting program, concentrating laser at a welding seam, drawing a motion track graph required by welding, determining a welding starting point, and carrying out continuous welding; after the laser welding is finished, low-temperature tempering treatment is carried out within 8h of welding. The K438 high-temperature alloy welding method provided by the invention can effectively inhibit the hot cracking tendency, and improve the product forming quality and the welding seam qualification rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-temperature alloy connection forming, in particular to a welding method of a K438 high-temperature alloy.
Background
The K438 alloy is an age hardening type nickel-based alloy which is most widely applied in the field of aerospace, and the alloy has good structure stability, high temperature strength and corrosion resistance, so that the K438 alloy can be widely used as long-life turbine blades and corrosion-resistant hot end part materials of combustion engines on ships and industrial grounds and aeroengines. The K438 alloy contains more Al and Ti elements, and has great hot cracking tendency during welding, so that the welding seam qualification rate is low, and the welding forming quality of parts is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a welding method of a K438 high-temperature alloy, which solves the technical problems of high hot cracking tendency of the K438 alloy, low welding seam qualification rate and poor part welding forming quality in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a welding method of a K438 high-temperature alloy, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment on the K438 high-temperature alloy plate to be welded, then carrying out acid washing to remove hydrogen, cleaning the welding position by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying;
fixing the dried K438 high-temperature alloy plate to be welded on a laser welding working platform, setting process parameters by adjusting laser power, welding speed and defocusing amount, concentrating laser at a welding seam, drawing a motion track graph required by welding, determining a welding starting point, and starting dotting and positioning welding;
determining technological parameters by adjusting laser power, welding speed, defocusing amount and light emitting process, concentrating laser at a welding seam, drawing a motion track graph required by welding, determining a welding starting point, and carrying out continuous welding;
after the laser processing is finished, low-temperature tempering treatment is carried out within 8h of welding.
Further, the process parameters of the hot isostatic pressing treatment comprise:
the thickness of the K438 alloy plate is 2-5 mm, the hot isostatic pressing temperature is 1160-1180 ℃, the pressure is 140-150 MPa, and the heat preservation is usually carried out for 3-6 hours.
Further, the dotting and positioning welding process parameters include:
laser power: 500-1000W, welding speed: 1200 mm-2000 mm/min, defocusing amount: -5 to +5mm, shielding gas: and argon gas.
Further, the K438 high-temperature alloy welding method further comprises the following steps: before welding, the positioning welding points are polished, and welding spatters and surface welding smoke are removed.
Further, the laser welding process parameters of the continuous welding include:
laser power: 1500-2500W, welding speed: 1200 mm-2000 mm/min, defocusing amount: -5 to +5mm, shielding gas: and (5) attenuating the laser power to 400-600W at the arc-closing position of the welding by argon.
Further, the tempering treatment includes:
charging in a cold state, heating to 350 +/-10 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 30 min;
heating to 650 +/-10 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 4 hours, cooling to below 100 ℃ along with the furnace, discharging, air cooling, and carrying out vacuum pressure in the whole process: 10 to 0.1 Pa.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
according to the K438 high-temperature alloy welding method provided by the embodiment of the application, hot isostatic pressing and laser welding technologies are adopted, and hot isostatic pressing is utilized to effectively close micro-porosity of the K438 high-temperature alloy, so that a welding test plate is optimized; the characteristics of concentrated laser welding energy and low heat input amount are utilized to better control heat input, so that the hot cracking tendency of the K438 high-temperature alloy is reduced, and in the laser cladding process, because a molten pool is subjected to ultrahigh temperature gradient under near rapid solidification (the cooling speed is about 102-105K/s), the directional solidification growth of the material is facilitated, so that the material has the characteristics of obvious unbalanced solidification structure, and the characteristics of uniform and fine microstructure, high solid solubility of alloy elements, undeveloped dendritic crystal walls, no macro segregation and the like of the material are shown; the invention adopts the laser welding method to connect the K438 high-temperature alloy, and can effectively avoid the defect of overlarge heat input, thereby reducing the hot crack tendency of the high-temperature alloy, greatly improving the qualification rate of welding seams, saving the production cost and enabling the welding forming of K438 high-temperature alloy parts to be possible.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a K438 superalloy welding method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic operation diagram of a welding method for K438 superalloy provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that all the directional indications in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative position relationship, the motion situation, and the like between the components in a certain posture, and if the certain posture is changed, the directional indication is changed accordingly.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, specific example components and arrangements are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. Moreover, the present application may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, which have been repeated for purposes of simplicity and clarity and do not in themselves dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. In addition, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided herein, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize applications of other processes and/or use of other materials.
The application is described below with reference to specific embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings.
The embodiment of the application provides a welding method for K438 high-temperature alloy, and solves the technical problems that in the prior art, the hot cracking tendency of the K438 alloy is high, the qualified rate of welding seams is low, and the welding forming quality of parts is poor.
In order to better understand the technical solutions, the technical solutions will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments of the specification, and it should be understood that the embodiments and specific features of the embodiments of the present invention are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limitations of the technical solutions of the present application, and the technical features of the embodiments and examples of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a welding method for a K438 superalloy, including:
carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment on the K438 high-temperature alloy plate to be welded, then carrying out acid washing to remove hydrogen, cleaning the welding position by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying;
fixing the dried K438 high-temperature alloy plate to be welded on a laser welding working platform, setting process parameters by adjusting laser power, welding speed and defocusing amount, concentrating laser at a welding seam, drawing a motion track graph required by welding, determining a welding starting point, and starting dotting and positioning welding;
determining technological parameters by adjusting laser power, welding speed, defocusing amount and light emitting process, concentrating laser at a welding seam, drawing a motion track graph required by welding, determining a welding starting point, and carrying out continuous welding;
after the laser processing is finished, low-temperature tempering treatment is carried out within 8h of welding.
Wherein the process parameters of the hot isostatic pressing treatment comprise:
the thickness of the K438 alloy plate is 2-5 mm, the hot isostatic pressing temperature is 1160-1180 ℃, the pressure is 140-150 MPa, and the heat preservation is usually carried out for 3-6 hours.
The dotting and positioning welding process parameters comprise:
laser power: 500-1000W, welding speed: 1200 mm-2000 mm/min, defocusing amount: -5 to +5mm, shielding gas: and argon gas.
The K438 high-temperature alloy welding method further comprises the following steps: before welding, the positioning welding points are polished, and welding spatters and surface welding smoke are removed.
The laser welding technological parameters of the continuous welding comprise:
laser power: 1500-2500W, welding speed: 1200 mm-2000 mm/min, defocusing amount: -5 to +5mm, shielding gas: and (5) attenuating the laser power to 400-600W at the arc-closing position of the welding by argon.
The tempering treatment comprises the following steps:
charging in a cold state, heating to 350 +/-10 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 30 min;
heating to 650 +/-10 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 4 hours, cooling to below 100 ℃ along with the furnace, discharging, air cooling, and carrying out vacuum pressure in the whole process: 10 to 0.1 Pa.
Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment shown uses a K438 superalloy butt weld for example, with a selected test plate size of about 80 x 200 x 3mm, including the entire process of pre-weld post-weld heat treatment and laser welding.
The laser welding process comprises the following steps:
carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment on the K438 high-temperature alloy test plate;
the plate subjected to the hot isostatic pressing treatment is sent to the surface treatment to remove surface impurities and oil stains, namely after acid cleaning (ultrasonic cleaning can be added) to remove hydrogen for standby, the welding position is cleaned by absolute ethyl alcohol before welding, and the plate is dried by a blower;
the K438 first test plate 3 and the K438 second test plate 8 are fixed on a laser welding working platform according to the welding requirement that the gap of a butt welding seam is less than or equal to 0.1 and the misalignment is less than or equal to 0.1, the pressing plate 5 is controlled to be parallel to the platform by adjusting the sizing block 6, and the bolt 4 is adopted for pressing so as to fix the K438 test plate 3 and the test plate 8.
Adjusting the parameters of the laser 2 of the laser welding apparatus 1: laser power: 1000W, the welding speed is 1800mm/min, the defocusing amount is +3mm, argon protection is performed, a protection tool 7 is used for simultaneously ventilating the back of the test plate, a dotting positioning welding procedure is adopted, and the distance between single points is 2-3 mm and is more than 5 mm; focusing a laser focus at a welding seam, drawing a motion trail graph required by welding, determining a welding starting point, confirming that shielding gas is in a ventilation state, and starting welding;
polishing the positioning welding spot to remove smoke dust and splash on the welding surface; adjusting laser parameters: laser power: 1800W, the welding speed is 1800mm/min, the defocusing amount is +3, argon protection is performed, a protection tool is used for simultaneously ventilating the back of the test plate, a continuous welding procedure is adopted, and the laser power at the welding arc-closing position is attenuated to 400-600W; focusing a laser focus at a welding seam, drawing a motion trail graph required by welding, determining a welding starting point, confirming that shielding gas is in a ventilation state, and starting welding;
taking out the workpiece after the laser processing is finished;
postweld heat treatment, heat treatment system: charging in a cold state, heating to 350 +/-10 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, heating to 650 +/-10 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 4h, cooling to below 100 ℃ along with the furnace, discharging, air cooling, and keeping the vacuum pressure in the whole process: 10 to 0.1 Pa.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
according to the K438 high-temperature alloy welding method provided by the embodiment of the application, hot isostatic pressing and laser welding technologies are adopted, the hot isostatic pressing is utilized to effectively close the micro-porosity of the K438 high-temperature alloy, and welding parent metal is optimized; the characteristics of concentrated laser welding energy, low heat input amount and the like are utilized to better control heat input, so that the hot cracking tendency of the K438 high-temperature alloy is reduced, and in the laser cladding process, because a molten pool has ultrahigh temperature gradient under near rapid solidification (the cooling speed is about 102-105K/s), the directional solidification growth of the material is facilitated, so that the material has the characteristics of obvious unbalanced solidification structure, and the characteristics are represented as uniform and fine microstructure of the material, high solid solubility of alloy elements, undeveloped dendritic crystal walls, no macro segregation and the like; the invention adopts the laser welding method to connect the K438 high-temperature alloy, and can effectively avoid the defect of overlarge heat input, thereby reducing the hot crack tendency of the high-temperature alloy, greatly improving the qualification rate of welding seams, saving the production cost and enabling the welding forming of K438 high-temperature alloy parts to be possible.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
In addition, descriptions in this application as to "first", "second", etc. are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise the first and second features being in direct contact, or may comprise the first and second features being in contact, not directly, but via another feature in between. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (6)
1. A welding method for K438 high-temperature alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment on the K438 high-temperature alloy plate to be welded, then carrying out acid washing to remove hydrogen, cleaning the welding position by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying;
fixing the dried K438 high-temperature alloy plate to be welded on a laser welding working platform, setting process parameters by adjusting laser power, welding speed and defocusing amount, concentrating laser at a welding seam, drawing a motion track graph required by welding, determining a welding starting point, and starting dotting and positioning welding;
determining technological parameters by adjusting laser power, welding speed, defocusing amount and light emitting process, concentrating laser at a welding seam, drawing a motion track graph required by welding, determining a welding starting point, and carrying out continuous welding;
after the laser processing is finished, low-temperature tempering treatment is carried out within 8h of welding.
2. The method for welding K438 superalloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process parameters of the hot isostatic pressing process include:
the thickness of the K438 alloy plate is 2-5 mm, the hot isostatic pressing temperature is 1160-1180 ℃, the pressure is 140-150 MPa, and the heat preservation is usually carried out for 3-6 hours.
3. The method of welding K438 superalloy as in claim 1, wherein: the dotting and positioning welding process parameters comprise:
laser power: 500-1000W, welding speed: 1200 mm-2000 mm/min, defocusing amount: -5 to +5mm, shielding gas: and argon gas.
4. The K438 superalloy welding method of claim 1, further comprising: before welding, the positioning welding points are polished, and welding spatters and surface welding smoke are removed.
5. The K438 superalloy welding method of claim 4, wherein the laser welding process parameters of the continuous weld include:
laser power: 1500-2500W, welding speed: 1200 mm-2000 mm/min, defocusing amount: -5 to +5mm, shielding gas: and (5) attenuating the laser power to 400-600W at the arc-closing position of the welding by argon.
6. The method of welding K438 superalloy as in claim 1, wherein: the tempering treatment comprises the following steps:
charging in a cold state, heating to 350 +/-10 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 30 min;
heating to 650 +/-10 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 4 hours, cooling to below 100 ℃ along with the furnace, discharging, air cooling, and carrying out vacuum pressure in the whole process: 10 to 0.1 Pa.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115121811A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-30 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Welding method of powder-spreading 3D printer case and engine case |
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| CN112247355A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-01-22 | 河海大学常州校区 | High-strength beta titanium alloy laser welding method |
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