CN113773852A - Plant stress-resistant phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil conditioner and application thereof - Google Patents
Plant stress-resistant phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil conditioner and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113773852A CN113773852A CN202110916110.2A CN202110916110A CN113773852A CN 113773852 A CN113773852 A CN 113773852A CN 202110916110 A CN202110916110 A CN 202110916110A CN 113773852 A CN113773852 A CN 113773852A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
- C09K17/48—Organic compounds mixed with inorganic active ingredients, e.g. polymerisation catalysts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N55/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur
- A01N55/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur containing metal atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a plant stress-resistant phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil improver and application thereof, wherein the saline-alkali soil improver consists of phosphogypsum, molar salt, a pseudo-enzyme chelate combination and a solvent, the pseudo-enzyme chelate combination comprises a pseudo-enzyme chelate and a solvent, and the central metal ions of the pseudo-enzyme chelate are Fe, Cu, Mn and/or Zn; the ligand is a compound of N, N, N ', N' -tetra (methylbenzimidazole) ethylenediamine. The invention not only has the characteristics of adjusting the pH value of the soil, reducing the volume weight of the soil and reducing the alkalization degree of the soil, but also can endogenously induce the stress resistance mechanism of the plants in severe environments such as salt stress, drought, large evaporation capacity, large temperature difference and the like, thereby improving the survival rate and the planting efficiency and reducing the planting labor intensity after the improvement of the sandy saline alkali. The raw materials of the invention are not limited by regional conditions, and simultaneously deepens and widens the application way and range of the phosphogypsum as the soil conditioner, thereby having good social and economic benefits and outstanding ecological benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a plant stress-resistant phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil conditioner and application thereof, in particular to a plant growth stress-resistant enzyme chelate combination, a saline-alkali soil conditioner and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of soil conditioners.
Background
The discharge amount of phosphogypsum in China is up to 5000 ten thousand tons per year. The gypsum is applied to the saline-alkali soil, so that calcium ions in the gypsum replace positive ions such as sodium ions and the like in soil colloid, and the low-cost and low-salinity alkaline-earth modifier is proved. However, saline-alkali soil is mainly distributed in underdeveloped areas in China, is influenced by drought, cold and large temperature difference of natural environment, and has long plant growth period, low survival rate and poor planting economy. Therefore, the stress resistance of the crops planted in the modified soil is improved, and the improvement of the planting efficiency can be realized. It has been reported that the phosphogypsum soil conditioner is added with some biological fermentation wastes, such as vinasse, straws, humic acid, fertilizers, organic matters and the like, so as to obtain good effects. However, the biological fermentation method is limited by transportation and standards, has a narrow range, and cannot solve the contradiction between scale and easy availability of raw materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a plant stress-resistant phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil conditioner and application thereof, in particular to a plant growth stress-resistant enzyme chelate combination, a saline-alkali soil conditioner and application thereof, aiming at solving the technical and application problems of the phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil conditioner prepared by a biological fermentation method. The invention not only has the characteristics of adjusting the pH value of the soil, lightening the volume weight of the soil and reducing the degree of alkalization of the soil of the conventional phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil conditioner, but also endogenously induces the stress resistance mechanism of plants in severe environments such as salt stress, drought, large evaporation capacity, large temperature difference and the like, thereby improving the survival rate and the planting efficiency and reducing the planting labor intensity after the improvement of sand type saline-alkali. The raw materials of the product are not limited by regional conditions, the application way and range of the phosphogypsum as the soil conditioner are deepened and widened, and the technical popularization has good economic benefit, social benefit and outstanding ecological benefit.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a plant stress-resistant phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil improver contains phosphogypsum, molar salt, more than one kind of enzyme-like chelate and solvent, and the formula is as follows according to the mass ratio: 10-50 parts of pseudo-enzyme chelate, 50-200 parts of solvent, 50-100 parts of molar salt and 910 parts of phosphogypsum; mixing thoroughly and uniformly.
The central metal ion of the pseudoenzyme chelate is as follows: fe. Cu, Mn and/or Zn; the ligand is as follows: compounds of N, N' -tetrakis (methylbenzimidazole) ethylenediamine; the mimic enzyme chelate also comprises a solvent A, wherein the solvent A comprises glycol, DMF and/or DMSO which has the dissolving effect and the binding effect simultaneously.
The uniformly mixed saline-alkali soil improver can be directly used as an independent product. The specific application method comprises the following steps: applying the fertilizer on a sowing row according to the mass of 10-100 kg/mu, and directly sowing or planting after covering soil.
The plant stress-resistant phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil improver disclosed by the invention is shown as follows after being applied:
(1) the pH value of the soil is reduced by 0.5-1.2 after the soil is improved;
(2) when the cotton is planted in the improved soil, the transpiration rate of plant leaves in the arid period is reduced by 5-35%, compared with the common phosphogypsum modified saline-alkali soil, the emergence rate is improved by 6.4%, and the cotton income is increased by 8-30%;
(3) after the improved soil is planted with the Chinese scholartree, the transpiration rate of the plant leaves in the arid period is reduced by 2-14%, compared with the common phosphogypsum modified saline-alkali soil, the transplanting survival rate is improved from 78.1% to 96.3%, and the time required for the growth of the diameter at breast height from 5cm to 15cm is reduced by 4-18 months.
(4) When the arborvitae is planted in the improved soil, the transpiration rate of plant leaves in the arid period is reduced by 3-17%, compared with the common phosphogypsum modified saline-alkali soil, the transplanting survival rate is improved to 93.2% from 74.4%, and the time required for the growth of the arborvitae with the diameter at breast height being 5cm to 15cm is reduced by 3-12 months.
(5) When the ulmus pumila is planted in the improved soil, the transpiration rate of plant leaves in the arid period is reduced by 2-18%, compared with the common phosphogypsum modified saline-alkali soil, the transplanting survival rate is improved to 97.3% from 82.6%, and the time required for the growth of the diameter at breast height from 5cm to 15cm is reduced by 4-15 months.
The phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil improver has the following advantages:
the phosphogypsum-containing artificial bionic synthetic enzyme chelate is compounded with phosphogypsum, an adhesive and an artificial bionic synthetic enzyme chelate with crop stress resistance activity to form a functional phosphogypsum soil conditioner with the stress resistance function, and induces the stress resistance mechanism of the improved soil crops for growing in severe environments such as salt stress, drought, large evaporation capacity, large temperature difference and the like, so that the survival rate and the efficiency of plants are improved, and the labor intensity is reduced. The method has not been reported. According to the invention, the active pseudo-enzyme is added into a large amount of waste phosphogypsum, and the binding is realized through the molal salt and the solvent, so that the soil conditioner with a standard product is obtained, the soil salinization degree can be obviously improved, the planting efficiency is improved, the purpose of resource utilization of the waste is achieved, and the environment is protected.
Detailed Description
In the embodiment, the plant growth anti-adversity enzyme chelate is produced by enterprises, and the chelate combination comprises the following components: the DMF content is 90 percent, and the total mass content of the anti-reverse enzyme chelate combination is 10 percent. Phosphogypsum in the modifier is produced by phosphate fertilizer manufacturers, and molars and other solvents are provided by markets.
Example 1
The combination of the anti-reverse enzyme chelate is as follows: the copper chelating ligand N, N, N ', N' -tetra (methylbenzimidazole) ethylenediamine accounts for 1-9% of the total mass of the copper chelating ligand; the zinc chelate N, N, N ', N' -tetra (methylbenzimidazole) ethylenediamine accounts for 9-1% of the total weight of the zinc chelate N, N, N ', N' -tetra (methylbenzimidazole) ethylenediamine.
A field test of Xinluohan cotton planting was carried out in 2019 on sandy saline-alkali soil in spring village in the Xinjiang stone river child Shawan county, and the soil has the salt content of 0.13%, the pH value of 7.94, the organic matter of 0.96%, the available nitrogen of 51ppm, the available phosphorus of 7.8ppm and the available potassium of 337.4 ppm. The control conditions for each acre of plants were:
the soil conditioner is used for 25 kg, the fertilizer is used for 8 kg of potassium sulfate, 18 kg of urea and 8 kg of diammonium phosphate, the soil conditioner and the fertilizer are applied to a sowing row after being uniformly mixed, and the sowing is carried out after covering soil. The control conditions were:
and (2) compared with the method (1), the soil conditioner is not applied, 8 kg of potassium sulfate, 18 kg of urea and 8 kg of diammonium phosphate are used as fertilizers, the fertilizers are uniformly mixed and then applied to the sowing row, and the sowing is carried out after the soil is covered.
And (3) using 25 kg of common phosphogypsum soil conditioner, 8 kg of potassium sulfate, 18 kg of urea and 8 kg of diammonium phosphate as fertilizer in comparison with the step (2), uniformly mixing, applying the soil conditioner and the fertilizer to a sowing row, covering soil and sowing.
The 25 kg soil conditioner applied in the step (1) contains 10 parts of pseudoenzyme, 50 parts of solvent, 50 parts of molal salt and 650 parts of phosphogypsum; 8 kg of potassium sulfate, 18 kg of urea and 8 kg of diammonium phosphate are used as fertilizers, the soil conditioner and the fertilizers are applied to a sowing row after being uniformly mixed, and the sowing is carried out after covering soil.
The 25 kg soil conditioner applied in the step (2) contains 100 parts of pseudoenzyme, 80 parts of solvent, 80 parts of molarity salt and 750 parts of phosphogypsum; 8 kg of potassium sulfate, 18 kg of urea and 8 kg of diammonium phosphate are used as fertilizers, the soil conditioner and the fertilizers are applied to a sowing row after being uniformly mixed, and the sowing is carried out after covering soil.
The 25 kg soil conditioner applied in the step (3) contains 200 parts of pseudoenzyme, 100 parts of solvent, 100 parts of molarity salt and 910 parts of phosphogypsum; 8 kg of potassium sulfate, 18 kg of urea and 8 kg of diammonium phosphate are used as fertilizers, the soil conditioner and the fertilizers are applied to a sowing row after being uniformly mixed, and the sowing is carried out after covering soil.
Sowing the seeds 4 months and 8 days, counting the emergence rate 4 months and 25 days, counting the seedling rate 6 months and 8 days, carrying out physiological tests on chlorophyll, leaf surface transpiration rate, photosynthetic rate and the like, wherein the planting density is 15000 plants/mu, other management measures are the same as those of a local conventional field, and the striving is consistent among the treatment intervals. After the novel soil conditioner is used, compared with the soil conditioner which is not used, the yield of the seed cotton is improved by 15.57 percent, and the pH value of the soil is reduced to 7.15; compared with the phosphogypsum soil conditioner without adding plant growth anti-reverse enzyme chelate, the yield of the seed cotton is improved by 6.39 percent, and the pH value of the soil is reduced to 7.19.
TABLE 1 novel soil amendment to improve the growth of cotton
Through experimental observation and record, the emergence rate and the seedling rate of cotton are greatly improved after the novel soil conditioner is used; through biochemical tests, the content of chlorophyll and the photosynthetic rate of cotton are improved by adding the mimic enzyme into the phosphogypsum soil conditioner, the transpiration rate of leaf surfaces is obviously reduced, and the final result is that the yield per mu is improved. The soil conditioner is proved to have better effect on cotton production and stress resistance.
Example 2
The combination of the anti-reverse enzyme chelate is as follows: the iron chelating ligand N, N, N ', N' -tetra (methylbenzimidazole) ethylenediamine accounts for 1-9% of the total weight of the iron chelating ligand; the manganese chelate N, N, N ', N' -tetra (methylbenzimidazole) ethylenediamine accounts for 9-1% of the total weight of the composition.
2017 and 2019, a soil improvement seedling transplanting test is carried out on sandy saline-alkali soil in Jinchang City in Gansu province, and 90 mu of adjacent land is selected, wherein the periphery of the land is free from shielding and rivers, the salt content of the soil is 0.11%, the pH value is 8.33, the organic matter is 1.06%, the effective nitrogen is 46ppm, the effective phosphorus is 12.4ppm, and the quick-acting potassium is 64 ppm. The planted saplings are Chinese scholartree, arborvitae and ulmus pumila respectively, the specifications are 5cm of breast height and are transplanted with soil balls, and the density is 80 plants/mu.
In 2017, after 3 months of early transplanting, 30 kilograms of the soil conditioner is used for planting per mu, wherein the contents of the soil conditioner are 10 percent of pseudo-enzyme, 8 percent of solvent, 8 percent of molal salt and 74 percent of phosphogypsum; the fertilizer usage amount is 100 kilograms of heavy calcium phosphate fertilizer and 300 kilograms of organic fertilizer, and the mixture is used as base fertilizer after being uniformly mixed; 50 kg of NPK compound fertilizer (N:15-P:10-K:20) is applied in 7 months in 2017.
In 2019, 50 kg of NPK compound fertilizer (N:20-P:10-K:15) is applied in the beginning of 3 months, and 50 kg of NPK compound fertilizer (N:15-P:10-K:20) is applied in the beginning of 9 months.
The control conditions were:
in contrast to (1), soil conditioner was not applied but equal amount of fertilizer was applied in all years;
and (3) in the control (2), the phosphogypsum soil conditioner and the chemical fertilizer which are equal in quantity and are not added with the plant growth anti-reverse enzyme chelate are applied in the first year, and the chemical fertilizer is applied in the other years.
The land is divided into nine equal parts, three parts are averagely arranged in each tree test, other management measures are the same as those of a local garden, and the treatment is consistent. After the novel soil conditioner is used, compared with the soil conditioner, the survival rate of various trees in different growth periods is improved by 13.1-19.4%, and the growth speed is obviously accelerated; compared with the phosphogypsum soil conditioner without adding plant growth anti-reverse enzyme chelate, the survival rate of various trees in different growth periods is improved by 4.7-11.5 percent, and the growth speed is obviously accelerated; the soil pH was lowered to 7.17.
TABLE 2 novel soil conditioner to improve the growth of trees
Through experimental observation and record, the tree growth rate and the survival rate of the saline-alkali soil are greatly improved after the novel soil conditioner disclosed by the invention is used, and the soil conditioner is proved to improve the saline-alkali soil and have a good effect on plant production.
The soil conditioner which is developed by utilizing industrial byproducts and has a good effect is particularly suitable for planting in desertification and stony desertification areas, and has good development and popularization application prospects.
Claims (8)
1. A plant growth stress-resistant enzyme chelate combination is characterized in that: comprises a solvent A and more than one kind of enzyme chelate; the content of the solvent A is 90%; the central metal ion of the pseudoenzyme chelate is Fe, Cu, Mn and/or Zn; the ligand is as follows: compounds of N, N' -tetrakis (methylbenzimidazole) ethylenediamine; the content of the anti-reverse enzyme chelate is 10 percent.
2. The plant growth anti-adversity enzyme chelate combination according to claim 1, wherein: the solvent A comprises ethylene glycol, DMF and/or DMSO.
3. The plant growth anti-adversity enzyme chelate combination according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said pseudoenzyme chelate is: the copper chelating ligand N, N, N ', N' -tetra (methylbenzimidazole) ethylenediamine accounts for 1-9% of the total mass of the copper chelating ligand; the zinc chelate N, N, N ', N' -tetra (methylbenzimidazole) ethylenediamine accounts for 9-1% of the total weight of the zinc chelate N, N, N ', N' -tetra (methylbenzimidazole) ethylenediamine.
4. The plant growth anti-adversity enzyme chelate composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said pseudoenzyme chelate is: the iron chelating ligand N, N, N ', N' -tetra (methylbenzimidazole) ethylenediamine accounts for 1-9% of the total weight of the iron chelating ligand; the manganese chelate N, N, N ', N' -tetra (methylbenzimidazole) ethylenediamine accounts for 9-1% of the total weight of the composition.
5. A plant stress-resistant phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil amendment of plant growth stress-resistant chelate combination according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: comprises phosphogypsum, molar salt, a mimic enzyme chelate and a solvent, wherein the chelate fully and uniformly mixes all the components.
6. The plant stress-resistant phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil improver according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-50 parts of pseudo-enzyme chelate composition, 50-200 parts of solvent, 50-100 parts of molar salt and 910 parts of phosphogypsum.
7. The application of the plant stress-resistant phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil improver as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein the using amount of the plant stress-resistant phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil improver per mu is 10-100 kg.
8. The use as claimed in claim 7 wherein the amendment material is applied to the sowing row, which is then covered with a layer of soil and planted directly.
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2021
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| CN106242883A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-21 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of salt-soda soil renovation agent being suitable to plant cotton and restorative procedure |
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Application publication date: 20211210 |