CN114342729A - Organic planting method for pecans - Google Patents

Organic planting method for pecans Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN114342729A
CN114342729A CN202210150380.1A CN202210150380A CN114342729A CN 114342729 A CN114342729 A CN 114342729A CN 202210150380 A CN202210150380 A CN 202210150380A CN 114342729 A CN114342729 A CN 114342729A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
parts
organic
soil
mass
planting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202210150380.1A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN114342729B (en
Inventor
戴诗银
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hunan Sprout Vegetable Industry Co ltd
Original Assignee
Hunan Sprout Vegetable Industry Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hunan Sprout Vegetable Industry Co ltd filed Critical Hunan Sprout Vegetable Industry Co ltd
Priority to CN202210150380.1A priority Critical patent/CN114342729B/en
Publication of CN114342729A publication Critical patent/CN114342729A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN114342729B publication Critical patent/CN114342729B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
    • A01G24/48—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure containing foam or presenting a foam structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02—Superphosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic planting method of pecan.organic biological compound fertilizer and organic planting soil are mixed for cultivating the pecan, the organic planting soil is obtained by mixing, fermenting and foaming pretreated sludge, pine needle soil and functional struvite, the soil is ventilated, loosened and fertile, and a good supply-demand balance relation of organic soil nutrient components which are fully absorbed by plants is formed; the organic planting soil has a granular structure capable of wrapping capillary roots, and meanwhile contains a microbial agent, so that certain microorganisms are contained in the organic planting soil, hardening of the organic planting soil is avoided, soil activity is guaranteed, nutrients required by the pecans can be provided in the early growth stage of the pecans, organic matters and mineral substances can be decomposed through the life activities of the microorganisms in the growth process of crops to release nutrients, growth of the pecans is promoted, the fruiting rate is improved, and the years are avoided.

Description

Organic planting method for pecans
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation and planting, and particularly relates to an organic pecan planting method.
Background
Pecan, generally hickory nut, belongs to the family juglandaceae. The pecan is mainly produced in Australia, North America and other countries, and currently, Tianmu mountain area of Jiangsu and Zhejiang and Uygur autonomous region of Xinjiang are also planted in China, so that the pecan is suitable for cultivation in rivers and lakes. The pecan likes warm and humid climate, has large adaptation range to soil pH value, can well grow on subacid and subalkaline soil, but is not drought-resistant and barren, and can grow fast on alluvial plains or valley zones with deep and loose soil layers and rich humus, and has strong tillering power, general growth speed and long service life.
Organic agriculture refers to an agricultural production mode which complies with specific agricultural production principles, does not adopt organisms and products thereof obtained by genetic engineering in production, does not use chemically synthesized pesticides, fertilizers, growth regulators, feed additives and other substances, accords with natural laws and ecological principles, coordinates the balance of planting industry and breeding industry, and adopts a series of sustainable agricultural technologies to maintain a continuous and stable agricultural production system.
However, an imbalance in soil nutrient supply prior to organic planting, not matching crop demand, results in significantly lower yield of crops prior to the shift from conventional planting systems to organic planting systems. Therefore, in organic planting, the nutrient supply of soil is balanced according to the nutrient demand characteristics of plants, and nutrients, especially some nutrient elements with special effects, are supplemented timely, so that the coordination of the nutrient supply and the plant growth demand is realized.
CN 108064662B discloses organic magnetic planting soil and a preparation method thereof, wherein the organic magnetic planting soil is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 100-130 parts of sludge: 30-40% of magnetic activated carbon: 45-55% of dealkalized red mud: the turfy soil is 10-15, so that the sludge is recycled and reduced, however, the water storage, ventilation and nutrient component retention capacity of soil are not considered, and the phenomenon of plant growth due to insufficient soil nutrient substances can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an organic planting method of pecans.
An organic planting method of pecans comprises the following steps:
(1) fixing the value in 11 months, selecting a land block with a deep and loose soil layer, sufficient water source and leeward and exposed to the sun for planting, wherein the planting row spacing is (3-4) × (5-6) meters, the diameter of a planting hole is 1.0-1.2 meters, the depth of the planting hole is 1.1-1.3 meters, firstly paving 10-20 cm-thick corncob powder at the bottom of the hole, and covering organic planting soil until the total thickness is 30-50 cm;
(2) respectively placing young pecan plants and pollinated pecan trees, uniformly mixing 2-5 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer and 8-10 kg of organic planting soil, uniformly paving the mixture in a planting hole, and filling the mixture with the organic planting soil, wherein the planting number ratio of the young pecan trees to the young pecan plants is 1 (8-10);
(3) after planting, 5-8 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer is applied to each plant in the last 3 months and 7 months every year, and the water content of the soil is kept at 40-45 wt%.
The preparation method of the corncob powder comprises the following steps: and crushing the corncobs, and sieving the crushed corncobs by a sieve of 40-60 meshes to obtain corncob powder.
The organic biological compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing cow dung, pig dung, urea and monopotassium phosphate according to the mass ratio of (8-10) to (5-8) to (1-3) to (0.5-2).
The invention discloses an organic planting method of pecan, which is characterized in that an organic biological compound fertilizer and organic planting soil (containing microbial agents) are mixed to be used for cultivating the pecan, so that nutrients required by the pecan can be provided in the early growth stage of the pecan, and organic matters and mineral substances are decomposed through the life activities of microorganisms to release nutrients in the growth process of crops, so that the soil fertility effect is fundamentally improved, the growth of the pecan is promoted, the fruiting rate is improved, and the years are avoided.
The preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 350-500 parts by mass of sludge with water content of 70-90 wt% and 1-3 parts by mass of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system at 300L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to directionally stir every 4-6 hours for 15-20 minutes, performing fermentation treatment, and performing dynamic aerobic fermentation for 8-10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing the pretreated sludge, pine needle soil and functional struvite according to a mass ratio of (80-90) to (15-20) to (8-13) to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100-120 parts of coarse mixed soil, 5-8 parts of bean pulp, 4-7 parts of coconut residues, 2-4 parts of trace elements, 3-6 parts of plant ash, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 1-3 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and carrying out aerobic fermentation at 35-38 ℃ for 30-48 hours to obtain a fermented material; and (3) crushing 100-120 parts of the fermentation material, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, adding 0.5-2.5 parts of a microbial agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the organic planting soil.
The main components of the organic planting soil are pretreated sludge and pine needle soil, and the organic planting soil is prepared by adding functional struvite through mixed fermentation, wherein clay components in the sludge are favorable for the growth of pecans, and in addition, the sludge contains rich nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutritional ingredients, and the fertilizer efficiency of the organic planting soil is even better than that of farm manure such as cow dung and the like. However, 90% of nitrogen element in the sludge exists in organic matters and is difficult to be directly utilized by plants, and the organic matters can be promoted to decompose and transform after mixed fermentation, so that various nutrient substances are directly or indirectly provided for crops, and the growth of the crops is promoted and regulated; the pine needle soil is added into the co-fermentation, so that the permeability and the penetrability of the soil can be greatly improved, soil ponding can be prevented, various trace elements such as potassium, magnesium, phosphorus and the like can be given to the organic planting soil, in addition, the pine needle soil can resist pests, and no extra pesticide is needed to be applied.
Preferably, the preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 350-500 parts by mass of sludge with water content of 70-90 wt% and 1-3 parts by mass of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system at 300L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to directionally stir every 4-6 hours for 15-20 minutes, performing fermentation treatment, and performing dynamic aerobic fermentation for 8-10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing the pretreated sludge, pine needle soil and functional struvite according to a mass ratio of (80-90) to (15-20) to (8-13) to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100-120 parts of coarse mixed soil, 5-8 parts of bean pulp, 4-7 parts of coconut residues, 2-4 parts of trace elements, 3-6 parts of plant ash, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 1-3 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and carrying out aerobic fermentation at 35-38 ℃ for 30-48 hours to obtain a fermented material;
s3, adding 100-120 parts by mass of the fermentation material obtained in the step S2, 6-9 parts by mass of a foaming agent and 4-7 parts by mass of a curing agent into a foaming machine, reacting at 30-40 ℃ for 1-2 hours at a speed of 100-200 r/min to obtain a foaming matrix, crushing the foaming matrix, sieving with a 20-40-mesh sieve, adding 0.5-2.5 parts by mass of a microbial agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the organic planting soil.
The trace elements are formed by mixing (1-3) of citric acid chelated copper, (1-3) of EDTA chelated manganese, (1-2) of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate and (0.8-2) of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate according to a mass ratio.
The microbial agent is formed by mixing bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid and nitrobacter winogradskyi bacterial liquid according to the mass ratio of (1-3) to (1-2). Wherein the bacterial liquid is obtained by conventional culture fermentation; the bacillus megaterium liquid is 108～1010cfu/g, the bacterial liquid of the nitrobacter winogradskyi is 107～109cfu/g。
The foaming agent is at least one of calcium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate; preferably, the foaming agent is calcium bicarbonate.
The curing agent is at least one of bentonite, metakaolin, activated calcium oxide and attapulgite; preferably, the curing agent is bentonite.
The fermented material is subjected to foaming treatment to obtain organic planting soil, and uniformly distributed and mutually communicated holes can be formed in the organic planting soil, so that on one hand, the organic planting soil obtained through foaming can endow the fertilizer with a large specific surface area, enlarge a gas-liquid exchange channel, and have good air permeability and water retention; on the other hand, the organic planting soil can provide possibility for the plant root system to fully absorb the fermented organic fertilizer on the larger specific surface area, and the fermented fertilizer is fully utilized.
The functional struvite plays a role of a reinforcing agent in the fermentation material foaming treatment process, the stability of an organic planting soil structure can be ensured, and meanwhile, the struvite is a good nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer and a good slow-release fertilizer.
The preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of crushing struvite, sieving the crushed struvite with a sieve of 150-200 meshes to obtain struvite powder, adding 10-13 parts by mass of the struvite powder and 3-5 parts by mass of organic acid into 50-60 parts by mass of water, stirring the mixture for 4-6 hours at the rotating speed of 100-200 r/min at the temperature of 35-45 ℃, filtering the mixture to obtain a filter cake, and performing vacuum drying on the filter cake for 8-10 hours at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ to obtain the functional struvite.
The organic acid is at least one of fulvic acid, bamboo vinegar, humic acid, succinic acid, citric acid and oxalic acid; preferably, the organic acid is prepared by mixing fulvic acid and bamboo vinegar according to the mass ratio of 1 (2-3.5).
The activated struvite is obtained by treating the struvite with organic acid, the surface of the activated struvite is provided with rich active groups, and the active groups can complex or chelate various trace elements such as calcium, magnesium and the like in soil to form the functional struvite which is taken as a carrier and simultaneously coordinates and promotes the absorption and conversion of plant root systems to the trace elements and phosphorus, so that the inactivation of chemical action of the trace elements and the effective phosphorus in the soil is avoided, and the active balancing effect is achieved, thereby improving the utilization rate of the trace elements and the effective phosphorus in the soil.
The fulvic acid in the organic acid is an organic substance with colloid property, has an agglutination effect, can promote the soil to be granulated for a long time, improves the permeability of the soil and enhances the water retention property of the organic planting soil; the bamboo vinegar in the organic acid has a disinfecting effect on soil, meanwhile, the microbial propagation in the soil is promoted, the fermentation is further promoted, organic nitrogen in the organic planting soil is converted into nitrate or nitrite in the microbial fermentation process and can be quickly absorbed by plants, in addition, insoluble mineral substances in struvite can be converted into mineral elements which can be absorbed by the plants through microbial fermentation, and the large specific surface area and the rich cross-linking pore size of the organic planting soil provide sufficient activity space for the activity of microorganisms. The functional struvite is uniformly distributed in the organic planting soil, so that the function of regulating the growth of plants can be continuously and effectively exerted, and the phenomenon of big and small years caused by uneven nutrition is avoided.
The preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the steps of crushing struvite, sieving the crushed struvite with a sieve of 150-200 meshes to obtain struvite powder, adding 100-120 parts by mass of the struvite powder and 8-15 parts by mass of organic acid into 50-60 parts by mass of water, stirring the mixture for 4-6 hours at the rotating speed of 100-200 r/min at the temperature of 35-45 ℃, filtering the mixture to obtain a filter cake, and performing vacuum drying on the filter cake for 8-10 hours at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ to obtain the activated struvite.
2) Adding 80-100 parts by mass of the activated struvite obtained in the step 1) and 5-8 parts by mass of a functional agent into 150-200 parts by mass of water, carrying out ultrasonic reaction for 1-2 hours at the frequency of 20-25 kHz and 200-300W, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and carrying out vacuum drying on the filter cake for 8-10 hours at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ to obtain the functional struvite.
The functional agent is at least one of moringa extract, straw polysaccharide, algal polysaccharide and enteromorpha polysaccharide; preferably, the functional agent is formed by mixing a moringa extract and enteromorpha polysaccharide according to the mass ratio of 1 (1.8-2.5).
The surface of the activated struvite has rich active groups, provides a grafting site grafting functional agent to obtain the functional struvite, the functional struvite is uniformly distributed in the organic planting soil, and the mineral substances and effective functional components are slowly released, so that the contents of the nutrient components and the functional substances of the organic planting soil are maintained. The functional agent and the activated struvite are subjected to grafting reaction to obtain the functional struvite, so that the growth of the pecans can be regulated, the supply and demand balance relation of organic soil for supplying nutrient components and fully absorbing plants is formed, and the growth of the roots of the pecans, the photosynthesis of the plants and the effective utilization of the fertilizer absorbed by trace elements are promoted.
The moringa polysaccharide in the moringa extract in the functional agent has the effect of biological enrichment, can increase the content of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like in soil organic matters, can ensure the requirement on soil nutrient components in the prophase of the pecan value, enhances the stress resistance of crops and promotes the premature of the crops; the enteromorpha polysaccharide contains various natural plant growth regulators, various mineral substances and rich nutrient substances, has higher biological activity, can stimulate the generation of specific active factors in the pecans and promote the absorption and growth of the plants on the nutrient substances, and the moringa extract and the enteromorpha polysaccharide act together, can continuously promote the growth of the pecans and obviously improve the average yield of each plant.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses an organic planting method of pecan.organic biological compound fertilizer and organic planting soil are mixed for cultivating the pecan, the organic planting soil is obtained by mixing, fermenting and foaming pretreated sludge, pine needle soil and functional struvite, the soil is ventilated, loosened and fertile, and a good supply-demand balance relation of organic soil nutrient components which are fully absorbed by plants is formed; the organic planting soil has a granular structure capable of wrapping capillary roots, and meanwhile contains a microbial agent, so that certain microorganisms are contained in the organic planting soil, hardening of the organic planting soil is avoided, soil activity is guaranteed, nutrients required by the pecans can be provided in the early growth stage of the pecans, organic matters and mineral substances can be decomposed through the life activities of the microorganisms to release nutrients in the growth process of crops, growth of the pecans is promoted, the fruiting rate is improved, and the years are avoided.
Detailed Description
The raw materials used in the examples were as follows:
polyacrylamide, cat # s: LCXA-80, purchased from Hebei Union environmental technologies, Inc.
The sludge is taken from local rivers of Anhui Hefei Zheng.
Pine needle soil, brand: ly, purchased from the manufacturer of thundercloud mineral products in the Lingshou county.
Struvite, cargo number: 01, purchased from Zhengzhou prosperous chemical products Co.
Bacillus subtilis, numbering: ACCC 60429, purchased from China agricultural microbial culture Collection management center.
Fulvic acid, cat # s: SXMN-LZ002, available from Shanxi Mubai Biotech Co.
Bamboo vinegar, organic matter component acetic acid content: not less than 10% and is purchased from Ji nan Xin national chemical industry Co.
EDTA chelated manganese, no: 902231, Wuhan Borun science and technology, Inc.
Moringa extract, cat # s: BJN802730 with content not less than 98%, SiAnbei Beijino Biotech Co.
Enteromorpha polysaccharide with the content of more than or equal to 30 percent, Ningxia vanilla biotechnology limited company.
Bacillus megaterium, No.: CICC 10024, purchased from China center for Industrial culture Collection of microorganisms.
Nitrobacter winogrsslow et al, accession number: ATCC-25391, purchased from China center for Industrial culture Collection of microorganisms.
Young pecan plants, variety: bonni, purchased from Dong Lin Miao GmbH, Luonin county.
Pecan pollinated tree, variety: bosch, purchased from eastern forest nursery limited, lorningin county.
Comparative example 1
An organic planting method of pecans comprises the following steps:
(1) setting the value in 11 months, selecting a land which is deep and loose in soil layer, sufficient in water source, leeward and exposed to the sun for planting, wherein the plant row spacing is 4 meters multiplied by 5 meters, the diameter of a planting hole is required to be 1.0 meter, the depth of the planting hole is 1.2 meters, firstly paving 10 cm-thick corncob powder at the bottom of a pit, and covering with organic planting soil until the total thickness is 40 cm;
(2) respectively placing the pecan young plants and the pecan pollinated trees, uniformly stirring 3 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer and 10 kg of organic planting soil, uniformly paving the mixture in a planting hole, and filling the mixture with organic planting soil, wherein the planting number ratio of the pecan pollinated trees to the pecan young plants is 1: 10;
(3) after planting, 5kg of organic biological compound fertilizer is applied to each plant in March and late July each year, and the water content of the soil is kept to be 40 wt%.
The preparation method of the corncob powder comprises the following steps: pulverizing corn cob, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corn cob powder.
The organic biological compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing cow dung, pig dung, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to a mass ratio of 8:5:1: 0.5.
The preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 500 parts by mass of sludge with the water content of 80 wt% and 1 part by mass of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system at 200L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to directionally stir every 6 hours for 20 minutes, performing fermentation treatment, and performing dynamic aerobic fermentation for 10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing the pretreated sludge, pine needle soil and struvite according to a mass ratio of 90:20:8 to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100 parts of coarse mixed soil, 8 parts of bean pulp, 4 parts of coconut husk, 3 parts of trace elements, 6 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and carrying out aerobic fermentation at 36 ℃ for 40 hours to obtain a fermented material; and (3) crushing 100 parts of the fermented materials, sieving the crushed materials with a 20-mesh sieve, adding 1.5 parts of microbial agents, and uniformly mixing to obtain the organic planting soil.
The trace elements are formed by mixing citric acid chelated copper, EDTA chelated manganese, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1: 0.8.
The microbial agent is formed by mixing bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid and nitrobacter winogradskyi bacterial liquid according to the mass ratio of 2: 1. Wherein the bacterial liquid is obtained by conventional culture fermentation; the bacillus megaterium liquid is 1010cfu/g, the bacterial liquid of the nitrobacter winogradskyi is 109cfu/g。
Example 1
An organic planting method of pecans comprises the following steps:
(1) setting the value in 11 months, selecting a land which is deep and loose in soil layer, sufficient in water source, leeward and exposed to the sun for planting, wherein the plant row spacing is 4 meters multiplied by 5 meters, the diameter of a planting hole is required to be 1.0 meter, the depth of the planting hole is 1.2 meters, firstly paving 10 cm-thick corncob powder at the bottom of a pit, and covering with organic planting soil until the total thickness is 40 cm;
(2) respectively placing the pecan young plants and the pecan pollinated trees, uniformly stirring 3 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer and 10 kg of organic planting soil, uniformly paving the mixture in a planting hole, and filling the mixture with organic planting soil, wherein the planting number ratio of the pecan pollinated trees to the pecan young plants is 1: 10;
(3) after planting, 5kg of organic biological compound fertilizer is applied to each plant in March and late July each year, and the water content of the soil is kept to be 40 wt%.
The preparation method of the corncob powder comprises the following steps: pulverizing corn cob, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corn cob powder.
The organic biological compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing cow dung, pig dung, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to a mass ratio of 8:5:1: 0.5.
The preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 500 parts by mass of sludge with the water content of 80 wt% and 1 part by mass of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system at 200L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to directionally stir every 6 hours for 20 minutes, performing fermentation treatment, and performing dynamic aerobic fermentation for 10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing the pretreated sludge, pine needle soil and functional struvite according to a mass ratio of 90:20:8 to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100 parts of coarse mixed soil, 8 parts of bean pulp, 4 parts of coconut husk, 3 parts of trace elements, 6 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and carrying out aerobic fermentation at 36 ℃ for 40 hours to obtain a fermented material; and (3) crushing 100 parts of the fermented materials, sieving the crushed materials with a 20-mesh sieve, adding 1.5 parts of microbial agents, and uniformly mixing to obtain the organic planting soil.
The trace elements are formed by mixing citric acid chelated copper, EDTA chelated manganese, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1: 0.8.
The microbial agent is formed by mixing bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid and nitrobacter winogradskyi bacterial liquid according to the mass ratio of 2: 1. Wherein the bacterial liquid is obtained by conventional culture fermentation; the bacillus megaterium liquid is 1010cfu/g, the bacterial liquid of the nitrobacter winogradskyi is 109cfu/g。
The preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
the functional struvite is prepared by the steps of crushing struvite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain struvite powder, adding 100 parts of struvite powder and 8 parts of organic acid into 60 parts of water by mass, stirring at 45 ℃ and at a rotating speed of 200r/min for 4 hours, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and vacuum-drying the filter cake at 80 ℃ for 10 hours.
The organic acid is prepared by mixing fulvic acid and bamboo vinegar liquid according to the mass ratio of 1: 3.
Example 2
An organic planting method of pecans comprises the following steps:
(1) setting the value in 11 months, selecting a land which is deep and loose in soil layer, sufficient in water source, leeward and exposed to the sun for planting, wherein the plant row spacing is 4 meters multiplied by 5 meters, the diameter of a planting hole is required to be 1.0 meter, the depth of the planting hole is 1.2 meters, firstly paving 10 cm-thick corncob powder at the bottom of a pit, and covering with organic planting soil until the total thickness is 40 cm;
(2) respectively placing the pecan young plants and the pecan pollinated trees, uniformly stirring 3 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer and 10 kg of organic planting soil, uniformly paving the mixture in a planting hole, and filling the mixture with organic planting soil, wherein the planting number ratio of the pecan pollinated trees to the pecan young plants is 1: 10;
(3) after planting, 5kg of organic biological compound fertilizer is applied to each plant in March and late July each year, and the water content of the soil is kept to be 40 wt%.
The preparation method of the corncob powder comprises the following steps: pulverizing corn cob, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corn cob powder.
The organic biological compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing cow dung, pig dung, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to a mass ratio of 8:5:1: 0.5.
The preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 500 parts by mass of sludge with the water content of 80 wt% and 1 part by mass of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system at 200L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to directionally stir every 6 hours for 20 minutes, performing fermentation treatment, and performing dynamic aerobic fermentation for 10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing the pretreated sludge, pine needle soil and functional struvite according to a mass ratio of 90:20:8 to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100 parts of coarse mixed soil, 8 parts of bean pulp, 4 parts of coconut husk, 3 parts of trace elements, 6 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and carrying out aerobic fermentation at 36 ℃ for 40 hours to obtain a fermented material;
s3: adding 100 parts by mass of the fermentation material obtained in the step S2, 6 parts by mass of a foaming agent and 4 parts by mass of a curing agent into a foaming machine, reacting for 2 hours at 40 ℃ and 200r/min to obtain a foaming matrix, crushing the foaming matrix, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, adding 1.5 parts by mass of a microbial agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the organic planting soil.
The foaming agent is calcium bicarbonate.
The curing agent is bentonite.
The trace elements are formed by mixing citric acid chelated copper, EDTA chelated manganese, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1: 0.8.
The microbial agent is formed by mixing bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid and nitrobacter winogradskyi bacterial liquid according to the mass ratio of 2: 1. Wherein the bacterial liquid is obtained by conventional culture fermentation; the bacillus megaterium liquid is 1010cfu/g, the bacterial liquid of the nitrobacter winogradskyi is 109cfu/g。
The preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
the functional struvite is prepared by the steps of crushing struvite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain struvite powder, adding 100 parts of struvite powder and 8 parts of organic acid into 60 parts of water by mass, stirring at 45 ℃ and at a rotating speed of 200r/min for 4 hours, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and vacuum-drying the filter cake at 80 ℃ for 10 hours.
The organic acid is prepared by mixing fulvic acid and bamboo vinegar liquid according to the mass ratio of 1: 3.
Example 3
An organic planting method of pecans comprises the following steps:
(1) setting the value in 11 months, selecting a land which is deep and loose in soil layer, sufficient in water source, leeward and exposed to the sun for planting, wherein the plant row spacing is 4 meters multiplied by 5 meters, the diameter of a planting hole is required to be 1.0 meter, the depth of the planting hole is 1.2 meters, firstly paving 10 cm-thick corncob powder at the bottom of a pit, and covering with organic planting soil until the total thickness is 40 cm;
(2) respectively placing the pecan young plants and the pecan pollinated trees, uniformly stirring 3 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer and 10 kg of organic planting soil, uniformly paving the mixture in a planting hole, and filling the mixture with organic planting soil, wherein the planting number ratio of the pecan pollinated trees to the pecan young plants is 1: 10;
(3) after planting, 5kg of organic biological compound fertilizer is applied to each plant in March and late July each year, and the water content of the soil is kept to be 40 wt%.
The preparation method of the corncob powder comprises the following steps: pulverizing corn cob, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corn cob powder.
The organic biological compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing cow dung, pig dung, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to a mass ratio of 8:5:1: 0.5.
The preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 500 parts by mass of sludge with the water content of 80 wt% and 1 part by mass of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system at 200L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to directionally stir every 6 hours for 20 minutes, performing fermentation treatment, and performing dynamic aerobic fermentation for 10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing the pretreated sludge, pine needle soil and functional struvite according to a mass ratio of 90:20:8 to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100 parts of coarse mixed soil, 8 parts of bean pulp, 4 parts of coconut husk, 3 parts of trace elements, 6 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and carrying out aerobic fermentation at 36 ℃ for 40 hours to obtain a fermented material;
s3: adding 100 parts by mass of the fermentation material obtained in the step S2, 6 parts by mass of a foaming agent and 4 parts by mass of a curing agent into a foaming machine, reacting for 2 hours at 40 ℃ and 200r/min to obtain a foaming matrix, crushing the foaming matrix, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, adding 1.5 parts by mass of a microbial agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the organic planting soil.
The foaming agent is calcium bicarbonate.
The curing agent is bentonite.
The trace elements are formed by mixing citric acid chelated copper, EDTA chelated manganese, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1: 0.8.
The microbial agent is formed by mixing bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid and nitrobacter winogradskyi bacterial liquid according to the mass ratio of 2: 1. Wherein the bacterial liquid is obtained by conventional culture fermentation; the bacillus megaterium liquid is 1010cfu/g, the bacterial liquid of the nitrobacter winogradskyi is 109cfu/g。
The preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
1) the preparation method comprises the steps of crushing struvite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain struvite powder, adding 100 parts of struvite powder and 8 parts of organic acid into 60 parts of water by mass, stirring at 45 ℃ and at a rotating speed of 200r/min for 4 hours, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and vacuum-drying the filter cake at 80 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the activated struvite.
2) Adding 80 parts by mass of the activated struvite obtained in the step 1) and 5 parts by mass of a functional agent into 200 parts by mass of water, carrying out ultrasonic reaction for 1h at the frequency of 200W and 25kHz, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and carrying out vacuum drying on the filter cake for 10h at 80 ℃ to obtain the functional struvite.
The organic acid is prepared by mixing fulvic acid and bamboo vinegar liquid according to the mass ratio of 1: 3.
The functional agent is moringa extract.
Example 4
An organic planting method of pecans comprises the following steps:
(1) setting the value in 11 months, selecting a land which is deep and loose in soil layer, sufficient in water source, leeward and exposed to the sun for planting, wherein the plant row spacing is 4 meters multiplied by 5 meters, the diameter of a planting hole is required to be 1.0 meter, the depth of the planting hole is 1.2 meters, firstly paving 10 cm-thick corncob powder at the bottom of a pit, and covering with organic planting soil until the total thickness is 40 cm;
(2) respectively placing the pecan young plants and the pecan pollinated trees, uniformly stirring 3 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer and 10 kg of organic planting soil, uniformly paving the mixture in a planting hole, and filling the mixture with organic planting soil, wherein the planting number ratio of the pecan pollinated trees to the pecan young plants is 1: 10;
(3) after planting, 5kg of organic biological compound fertilizer is applied to each plant in March and late July each year, and the water content of the soil is kept to be 40 wt%.
The preparation method of the corncob powder comprises the following steps: pulverizing corn cob, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corn cob powder.
The organic biological compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing cow dung, pig dung, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to a mass ratio of 8:5:1: 0.5.
The preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 500 parts by mass of sludge with the water content of 80 wt% and 1 part by mass of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system at 200L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to directionally stir every 6 hours for 20 minutes, performing fermentation treatment, and performing dynamic aerobic fermentation for 10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing the pretreated sludge, pine needle soil and functional struvite according to a mass ratio of 90:20:8 to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100 parts of coarse mixed soil, 8 parts of bean pulp, 4 parts of coconut husk, 3 parts of trace elements, 6 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and carrying out aerobic fermentation at 36 ℃ for 40 hours to obtain a fermented material;
s3: adding 100 parts by mass of the fermentation material obtained in the step S2, 6 parts by mass of a foaming agent and 4 parts by mass of a curing agent into a foaming machine, reacting for 2 hours at 40 ℃ and 200r/min to obtain a foaming matrix, crushing the foaming matrix, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, adding 1.5 parts by mass of a microbial agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the organic planting soil.
The foaming agent is calcium bicarbonate.
The curing agent is bentonite.
The trace elements are formed by mixing citric acid chelated copper, EDTA chelated manganese, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1: 0.8.
The microbial agent is formed by mixing bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid and nitrobacter winogradskyi bacterial liquid according to the mass ratio of 2: 1. Wherein the bacterial liquid is obtained by conventional culture fermentation; the bacillus megaterium liquid is 1010cfu/g, the bacterial liquid of the nitrobacter winogradskyi is 109cfu/g。
The preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
1) the preparation method comprises the steps of crushing struvite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain struvite powder, adding 100 parts of struvite powder and 8 parts of organic acid into 60 parts of water by mass, stirring at 45 ℃ and at a rotating speed of 200r/min for 4 hours, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and vacuum-drying the filter cake at 80 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the activated struvite.
2) Adding 80 parts by mass of the activated struvite obtained in the step 1) and 5 parts by mass of a functional agent into 200 parts by mass of water, carrying out ultrasonic reaction for 1h at the frequency of 200W and 25kHz, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and carrying out vacuum drying on the filter cake for 10h at 80 ℃ to obtain the functional struvite.
The organic acid is prepared by mixing fulvic acid and bamboo vinegar liquid according to the mass ratio of 1: 3.
The functional agent is enteromorpha polysaccharide.
Example 5
An organic planting method of pecans comprises the following steps:
(1) setting the value in 11 months, selecting a land which is deep and loose in soil layer, sufficient in water source, leeward and exposed to the sun for planting, wherein the plant row spacing is 4 meters multiplied by 5 meters, the diameter of a planting hole is required to be 1.0 meter, the depth of the planting hole is 1.2 meters, firstly paving 10 cm-thick corncob powder at the bottom of a pit, and covering with organic planting soil until the total thickness is 40 cm;
(2) respectively placing the pecan young plants and the pecan pollinated trees, uniformly stirring 3 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer and 10 kg of organic planting soil, uniformly paving the mixture in a planting hole, and filling the mixture with organic planting soil, wherein the ratio of the pecan pollinated trees to the pecan young plants to plant trees is 1: 10;
(3) after planting, 5kg of organic biological compound fertilizer is applied to each plant in March and late July each year, and the water content of the soil is kept to be 40 wt%.
The preparation method of the corncob powder comprises the following steps: pulverizing corn cob, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corn cob powder.
The organic biological compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing cow dung, pig dung, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to a mass ratio of 8:5:1: 0.5.
The preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 500 parts by mass of sludge with the water content of 80 wt% and 1 part by mass of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system at 200L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to directionally stir every 6 hours for 20 minutes, performing fermentation treatment, and performing dynamic aerobic fermentation for 10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing the pretreated sludge, pine needle soil and functional struvite according to a mass ratio of 90:20:8 to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100 parts of coarse mixed soil, 8 parts of bean pulp, 4 parts of coconut husk, 3 parts of trace elements, 6 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and carrying out aerobic fermentation at 36 ℃ for 40 hours to obtain a fermented material;
s3: adding 100 parts by mass of the fermentation material obtained in the step S2, 6 parts by mass of a foaming agent and 4 parts by mass of a curing agent into a foaming machine, reacting for 2 hours at 40 ℃ and 200r/min to obtain a foaming matrix, crushing the foaming matrix, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, adding 1.5 parts by mass of a microbial agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the organic planting soil.
The foaming agent is calcium bicarbonate.
The curing agent is bentonite.
The trace elements are formed by mixing citric acid chelated copper, EDTA chelated manganese, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1: 0.8.
The microorganismThe agent is prepared by mixing bacillus megaterium liquid and nitrobacter winogradskyi liquid according to the mass ratio of 2: 1. Wherein the bacterial liquid is obtained by conventional culture fermentation; the bacillus megaterium liquid is 1010cfu/g, the bacterial liquid of the nitrobacter winogradskyi is 109cfu/g。
The preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
1) the preparation method comprises the steps of crushing struvite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain struvite powder, adding 100 parts of struvite powder and 8 parts of organic acid into 60 parts of water by mass, stirring at 45 ℃ and at a rotating speed of 200r/min for 4 hours, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and vacuum-drying the filter cake at 80 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the activated struvite.
2) Adding 80 parts by mass of the activated struvite obtained in the step 1) and 5 parts by mass of a functional agent into 200 parts by mass of water, carrying out ultrasonic reaction for 1h at the frequency of 200W and 25kHz, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and carrying out vacuum drying on the filter cake for 10h at 80 ℃ to obtain the functional struvite.
The organic acid is prepared by mixing fulvic acid and bamboo vinegar liquid according to the mass ratio of 1: 3.
The functional agent is prepared by mixing a moringa extract and enteromorpha polysaccharide according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.
Test example 1
Sampling the initial soil after planting the pecan and the soil after planting for 1 year in the examples and the comparative examples, and testing available phosphorus, available potassium and nitrate nitrogen in the soil, wherein the testing method comprises the following steps:
and (3) measuring available phosphorus and available potassium of the soil: the soil available phosphorus is measured by adopting a molybdenum-antimony colorimetric-resistance method; the soil available potassium is measured by ammonium acetate extraction-flame photometry, and the measuring method refers to soil agriculture analysis (Boston, 2008).
The content of nitrate nitrogen in soil is tested by using an Shimadzu UV-2550 ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer according to DB 12/T512-2014 method for measuring nitrate nitrogen in soil samples.
Table 1: table for content of available phosphorus, available potassium and nitrate nitrogen in initial soil
Effective phosphorus mg/kg-1 Effective potassium mg/kg-1 Nitrate nitrogen mg/kg-1
Example 1 84.08 437.81 168.32
Example 2 88.64 442.18 177.19
Example 3 95.30 458.35 184.62
Example 4 97.19 463.49 187.06
Example 5 101.43 487.56 193.35
Comparative example 1 66.31 404.27 144.28
Table 2: soil available phosphorus, available potassium and nitrate nitrogen content table after planting for 1 year
Effective phosphorus mg/kg-1 Effective potassium mg/kg-1 Nitrate nitrogen mg/kg-1
Example 1 67.34 391.87 149.56
Example 2 76.20 412.35 157.21.
Example 3 83.65 428.64 165.34
Example 4 85.25 437.28 168.91
Example 5 90.79 455.12 172.65
Comparative example 1 44.16 376.04 121.36
As can be seen from the table, compared with comparative example 1, the functional struvite is added in example 1, the functional struvite is obtained by treating the struvite with organic acid, the functional struvite is an excellent nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer and has good slow release effect, and the retention rate of available phosphorus and nitrate nitrogen in the soil after one year of planting is high; in the embodiment 2, the organic planting soil is obtained by foaming, is loose and porous, has good air permeability and water retention property, and prevents the loss of available nutrients; in example 3, functional struvite is added, and activated struvite is grafted by a moringa extract, so that the content of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like in organic matters of soil can be increased; in the embodiment 4, functional struvite is added, and the activated struvite is obtained by grafting enteromorpha polysaccharide and is rich in various mineral substances such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and the like; in example 5, functional struvite is added, and activated struvite is obtained by grafting moringa extract and enteromorpha polysaccharide, so that the effective components in soil are remarkably increased, and the nutrient substances in the soil are kept at a high level continuously.
Test example 2
For the yield of the pecans in the third, fourth and fifth years after the pecans are planted in the examples and the comparative examples, the pecans are harvested after the pecans are ripe and weighed.
Table 3: third year crop harvest scale
Average yield per plant (kg) Average single fruit weight (g)
Example 1 0.613 7.81
Example 2 0.653 7.95
Example 3 0.684 8.03
Example 4 0.697 8.06
Example 5 0.725 8.14
Comparative example 1 0.562 7.57
Table 4: fourth year crop harvest scale
Figure BDA0003510102800000181
Figure BDA0003510102800000191
Table 5: fifth year crop harvest scale
Average yield per plant (kg) Average single fruit weight (g)
Example 1 2.133 7.93
Example 2 2.479 8.16
Example 3 2.750 8.28
Example 4 2.836 8.31
Example 5 2.986 8.36
Comparative example 1 1.632 7.63
It is obvious from the table that the yield of the pecans obtained by the organic planting method is less in the third year after field planting, the fruiting amount is obviously increased in the fourth year and the fifth year, no obvious year-on-year condition exists, the organic planting soil provides sufficient nutrition for the growth of fruit trees, and the pecans have strong growth capacity. The pretreated sludge, pine needles and functional struvite are mixed, fermented and foamed to promote the decomposition and conversion of organic matters, directly or indirectly provide various nutrient substances for crops, promote and regulate the growth of the crops, simultaneously improve the permeability and permeability of soil, and endow organic planting soil with various trace elements such as potassium, magnesium, phosphorus and the like. The moringa extract and the enteromorpha polysaccharide act together, so that the growth of the pecan plants can be promoted, and the average yield of each plant can be obviously improved.
When the pecans are planted by the organic planting soil in the embodiment 5, the fruit trees have developed root systems, high bearing capacity and high average single fruit weight.

Claims (10)

1. An organic planting method of pecans is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) fixing the value in 11 months, selecting a land block with a deep and loose soil layer, sufficient water source and leeward and exposed to the sun for planting, wherein the planting row spacing is (3-4) × (5-6) meters, the diameter of a planting hole is 1.0-1.2 meters, the depth of the planting hole is 1.1-1.3 meters, firstly paving 10-20 cm-thick corncob powder at the bottom of the hole, and covering organic planting soil until the total thickness is 30-50 cm;
(2) respectively placing young pecan plants and pollinated pecan trees, uniformly stirring 2-5 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer and 8-10 kg of organic planting soil, uniformly paving the mixture in a planting hole, and filling the mixture with the organic planting soil, wherein the planting number ratio of the young pecan trees to the young pecan plants is 1 (8-10);
(3) after planting, 5-8 kg of organic biological compound fertilizer is applied to each plant in the last 3 months and 7 months every year, and the water content of the soil is kept at 40-45 wt%.
2. The organic pecan planting method according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 350-500 parts by mass of sludge with water content of 70-90 wt% and 1-3 parts by mass of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system at 300L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to directionally stir every 4-6 hours for 15-20 minutes, performing fermentation treatment, and performing dynamic aerobic fermentation for 8-10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing the pretreated sludge, pine needle soil and functional struvite according to a mass ratio of (55-60) to (15-20) to (8-13) to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 50-60 parts of coarse mixed soil, 5-8 parts of bean pulp, 4-7 parts of coconut residues, 2-4 parts of trace elements, 3-6 parts of plant ash, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 1-3 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and carrying out aerobic fermentation at 35-38 ℃ for 30-48 hours to obtain a fermented material; and (3) crushing 100-120 parts of the fermentation material, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, adding 0.5-2.5 parts of a microbial agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the organic planting soil.
3. The organic pecan planting method according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the organic planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1: adding 350-500 parts by mass of sludge with water content of 70-90 wt% and 1-3 parts by mass of polyacrylamide into a dynamic aerobic fermentation reaction device, controlling the air quantity of a ventilation system at 300L/min, setting the automatic stirring frequency to directionally stir every 4-6 hours for 15-20 minutes, performing fermentation treatment, and performing dynamic aerobic fermentation for 8-10 days to obtain pretreated sludge;
s2: mixing the pretreated sludge, pine needle soil and functional struvite according to a mass ratio of (80-90) to (15-20) to (8-13) to obtain coarse mixed soil, uniformly mixing 100-120 parts of coarse mixed soil, 5-8 parts of bean pulp, 4-7 parts of coconut residues, 2-4 parts of trace elements, 3-6 parts of plant ash, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 1-3 parts of bacillus subtilis according to parts by mass, and carrying out aerobic fermentation at 35-38 ℃ for 30-48 hours to obtain a fermented material;
s3: adding 100-120 parts by mass of the fermentation material obtained in the step S2, 6-9 parts by mass of a foaming agent and 4-7 parts by mass of a curing agent into a foaming machine, reacting at 30-40 ℃ for 1-2 hours at 100-200 r/min to obtain a foaming matrix, crushing the foaming matrix, sieving with a 20-40-mesh sieve, adding 0.5-2.5 parts by mass of a microbial agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the organic planting soil.
4. The organic pecan planting method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the preparation method of the functional struvite comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the steps of crushing struvite, sieving the crushed struvite with a sieve of 150-200 meshes to obtain struvite powder, adding 100-120 parts by mass of the struvite powder and 8-15 parts by mass of organic acid into 50-60 parts by mass of water, stirring the mixture for 4-6 hours at the rotating speed of 100-200 r/min at the temperature of 35-45 ℃, filtering the mixture to obtain a filter cake, and performing vacuum drying on the filter cake for 8-10 hours at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ to obtain the activated struvite.
2) Adding 80-100 parts by mass of the activated struvite obtained in the step 1) and 5-8 parts by mass of a functional agent into 150-200 parts by mass of water, carrying out ultrasonic reaction for 1-2 hours at the frequency of 20-25 kHz and 200-300W, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and carrying out vacuum drying on the filter cake for 8-10 hours at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ to obtain the functional struvite.
5. The organic pecan planting method according to claim 4, wherein the organic acid is at least one of fulvic acid, bamboo vinegar, humic acid, succinic acid, citric acid and oxalic acid.
6. The organic pecan planting method according to claim 3, wherein the foaming agent is at least one of calcium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate; the curing agent is at least one of bentonite, metakaolin, activated calcium oxide and attapulgite.
7. The organic pecan planting method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the trace elements are formed by mixing (1-3) parts by mass of (1-2) parts by mass of (0.8-2) parts by mass of citric acid chelated copper, EDTA chelated manganese, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate.
8. The organic pecan planting method according to claim 1, wherein the organic biological compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing cow dung, pig dung, urea and monopotassium phosphate according to a mass ratio of (8-10): (5-8): 1-3): 0.5-2.
9. The organic pecan planting method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the microbial agent is formed by mixing a bacillus megaterium bacterial solution and a nitrobacter winogradskyi bacterial solution according to a mass ratio of (1-3) to (1-2).
10. The organic planting method of the pecans according to claim 4, wherein the functional agent is at least one of moringa extract, straw polysaccharide, algal polysaccharide and enteromorpha polysaccharide.
CN202210150380.1A 2022-02-18 2022-02-18 Organic planting method for pecans Active CN114342729B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210150380.1A CN114342729B (en) 2022-02-18 2022-02-18 Organic planting method for pecans

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210150380.1A CN114342729B (en) 2022-02-18 2022-02-18 Organic planting method for pecans

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114342729A true CN114342729A (en) 2022-04-15
CN114342729B CN114342729B (en) 2023-04-14

Family

ID=81094222

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210150380.1A Active CN114342729B (en) 2022-02-18 2022-02-18 Organic planting method for pecans

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114342729B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114656300A (en) * 2022-04-18 2022-06-24 中国科学院城市环境研究所 Novel mixed fertilizer of microbial agent and struvite and preparation method thereof

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105622209A (en) * 2015-12-24 2016-06-01 常州王者青城生态观光有限公司 Organic pecan planting method
CN106305253A (en) * 2015-06-26 2017-01-11 唐秀克 Pecan cultivation method
CN107641023A (en) * 2017-10-26 2018-01-30 武汉日清生物科技有限公司 A kind of rice seedling raising ground substance produced with straw and beer active sludge and preparation method thereof
CN108064526A (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-05-25 阜阳恒明悦农业科技有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of green fruit high yield
CN110432064A (en) * 2019-09-06 2019-11-12 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 A method of improving apocarya orchard early stage benefit
CN111925245A (en) * 2020-07-22 2020-11-13 淮阴工学院 Process for producing rice seedling raising substrate by using diaper co-fermented biomass
CN113142015A (en) * 2021-04-22 2021-07-23 西南科技大学 Method for preparing organic nutrient soil from natural sandstone pulp washing sludge
WO2021237070A1 (en) * 2020-05-21 2021-11-25 Aquatrols Corporation Of America Growing media composition

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106305253A (en) * 2015-06-26 2017-01-11 唐秀克 Pecan cultivation method
CN105622209A (en) * 2015-12-24 2016-06-01 常州王者青城生态观光有限公司 Organic pecan planting method
CN107641023A (en) * 2017-10-26 2018-01-30 武汉日清生物科技有限公司 A kind of rice seedling raising ground substance produced with straw and beer active sludge and preparation method thereof
CN108064526A (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-05-25 阜阳恒明悦农业科技有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of green fruit high yield
CN110432064A (en) * 2019-09-06 2019-11-12 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 A method of improving apocarya orchard early stage benefit
WO2021237070A1 (en) * 2020-05-21 2021-11-25 Aquatrols Corporation Of America Growing media composition
CN111925245A (en) * 2020-07-22 2020-11-13 淮阴工学院 Process for producing rice seedling raising substrate by using diaper co-fermented biomass
CN113142015A (en) * 2021-04-22 2021-07-23 西南科技大学 Method for preparing organic nutrient soil from natural sandstone pulp washing sludge

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114656300A (en) * 2022-04-18 2022-06-24 中国科学院城市环境研究所 Novel mixed fertilizer of microbial agent and struvite and preparation method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114342729B (en) 2023-04-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR100779756B1 (en) Development for agricultural bed soil using the seaweeds by-product
CN102349551B (en) Plant culturing medium regulator and preparation method thereof
CN101811903A (en) Novel organic substrate and preparation method thereof
CN102976863A (en) Water-retention and slow-release fertilizer
CN102210256A (en) Container culture medium prepared from edible fungi residue and production method thereof
CN106518529A (en) Compound biochar-based slow-release fertilizer and application method thereof
CN102617239A (en) Compound type plant cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof
CN103214292A (en) Plant cultivation medium and its preparation method
CN108059569B (en) Ecological organic soil conditioner and preparation method thereof
CN106701095A (en) Soil conditioner and application thereof in desertification control
CN112501072B (en) Crop rhizosphere soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof
CN107162739A (en) The production method of earthworm excrement base biological organic fertilizer
CN111285742A (en) Special biofertilizer for moderate and severe saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof
CN106106084A (en) A kind of high-quality Flos abelmoschi manihot seedling medium
CN114342729B (en) Organic planting method for pecans
CN104446910A (en) Biological organic seedling nursing substrate and preparation method thereof
CN110981636A (en) Sand land water-saving fertilizer-maintaining material based on homologous plants and application thereof
CN106508639A (en) Plant soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof
CN114532181B (en) Organic planting soil and application thereof in pecan planting
CN113906977A (en) Biomass cultivation soil and preparation method thereof
CN106631615A (en) Nutrient soil for culturing diesel trees and preparation method thereof
CN112028692A (en) Special biological organic fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof
CN112174743A (en) Biological organic fertilizer
Andayani et al. Effect of bokashi quail manure and rice husk biochar on soil pH and soybean plants growth
CN111492933A (en) Magnolia denudata seedling growing compound soil and preparation method and application thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant