CN113728912A - High-yield and stable-yield cultivation method for double-cropping glutinous sorghum - Google Patents
High-yield and stable-yield cultivation method for double-cropping glutinous sorghum Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113728912A CN113728912A CN202110885244.2A CN202110885244A CN113728912A CN 113728912 A CN113728912 A CN 113728912A CN 202110885244 A CN202110885244 A CN 202110885244A CN 113728912 A CN113728912 A CN 113728912A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sorghum
- yield
- glutinous
- parts
- soil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/12—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and discloses a high-yield and stable-yield cultivation method of double-cropping glutinous sorghum, which comprises the following steps: screening high-yield high-resistance glutinous sorghum germplasm resources; seed treatment and seedling culture are carried out on the bred high-yield and high-resistance glutinous sorghum, and the cultured glutinous sorghum seedlings are transplanted and sowed; preparing a fertilizer special for glutinous sorghum; performing field management and pest control on the glutinous sorghum, and harvesting the glutinous sorghum from the middle and late 7 months to the middle 8 months; cutting off straws which are more than 10cm away from the ground surface after the sorghum is harvested in the first season, and reserving the obtained sorghum stalks for later use; preparing a soil remediation agent; after the regenerated sorghum seedlings emerge, mixing the soil remediation agent and the sorghum seedling-growing fertilizer and applying the mixture to a glutinous sorghum planting field; thinning, thinning and field management are carried out on the regenerated sorghum, and the sorghum is obtained after the scions are mature. The method improves the yield and economic benefit of the sorghum, lightens the continuous cropping obstacle of the sorghum, and improves the annual yield, benefit and annual yield stability of the double-cropping glutinous sorghum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and particularly relates to a high-yield and stable-yield cultivation method of double-cropping glutinous sorghum.
Background
Currently, sorghum is a sorghum genus, the family poaceae. It is known as "iron stem crops" and is widely cultivated in China, most in all regions of northeast China. The sorghum grains are used for eating, brewing or making maltose. The stalks of the sugar sorghum can be made into syrup or raw food; the stalks can be squeezed to make juice and sugar, so peasants call it "sweet sorghum stalk"; broom made of sorghum ears; the tender leaves and seedlings contain the cyanhydrin, can form virulent hydrocyanic acid in the stomach, and can be used as feed after being dried in the shade and ensiled or dried in the sun; the caryopsis can be used as a medicine for eliminating dampness and phlegm, calming the heart and tranquilizing the mind.
The sowing period of the sorghum in spring crop is from the middle and the last ten days of April, the time is not suitable to be too early, the early sowing is low in temperature, poor in seedling emergence and slow in growth, the sorghum is easy to die in cold flow, the sowing period in autumn crop is from the middle and the last 6 to 7 months, the two-season rice area can be delayed to the middle and 8 months, and the time is not suitable to be too late, so that the late middle and late growth period is not affected by low temperature, the growth is delayed to the mature period, and the sorghum is easily affected by frost or low temperature, and the yield is reduced or lost. And as the demand of sorghum as wine processing raw materials and feed ingredient raw materials is getting larger and larger, the market demand of sorghum is increased sharply, and in recent years, drought and flood frequently occur, and the production of sorghum cannot meet the market demand due to the reduction of cultivated land and the increase of population.
Meanwhile, the days from the seedling emergence to the maturity of sorghum are called the whole growth period, the growth periods of different varieties are different, and the growth periods of the same variety are different in different regions or different sowing periods and growth periods in the same place. At present, sorghum planted in south and north is influenced by the growth period, so that the difference of yield and quality is large, and the yield and quality cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, research on sorghum cultivation techniques should be increased to improve the yield of sorghum.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) the technology or method for stably cultivating the double-season glutinous sorghum in the prior art is not reported.
(2) At present, sorghum planted in south and north is influenced by the growth period, so that the difference of yield and quality is large, and the yield and quality cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-yield and stable-yield cultivation method for double-cropping glutinous sorghum.
The invention is realized in such a way that the high-yield and stable-yield cultivation method of the double-cropping glutinous sorghum comprises the following steps:
screening germplasm resources of the high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum, identifying resistance, and breeding a high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum variety by a hybridization and selfing method: selecting a high-yield glutinous sorghum variety as a male parent, resistant glutinous sorghum as a female parent, and hybridizing the male parent and the female parent to obtain F1; bagging and selfing the F1 generation plants in the flowering period to obtain F2 generation seeds; planting seeds of F2 generation, carrying out resistance identification, and selecting plants with stable character performance as plants of F3 generation; backcrossing the plants of the F3 generation with the plants of the male parent and the female parent to respectively obtain plants of the F41 generation and the F42 generation; selfing the F41 and F42 plants to obtain F5 plants; carrying out self-crossing for multiple generations on the F5 generation plants, then carrying out waxy property determination, selecting plants which have waxy property, non-separated characters and excellent yield, and reserving seeds, thus obtaining high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum germplasm varieties;
Step two, carrying out seed treatment and seedling culture on the bred high-yield high-resistance glutinous sorghum, and transplanting and sowing the bred glutinous sorghum seedlings: selecting fertile and water-soluble plots, applying a proper amount of soil and miscellaneous fertilizers before soil preparation, and prohibiting application of pig manure and undegraded manure with high ammonium content in a seedbed for film covering seedling raising; transplanting the single sorghum seedlings with 4 leaves and 1 heart to 5 leaves and 1 heart and irrigating living root water; 3-4 leaf stage seedling, fixing seedling, and reserving 1 seedling in each hole;
step three, preparing the special fertilizer for the glutinous sorghum by using animal wastes, peat soil, activated sludge, pine needle soil, plant ash, a cellulase preparation and a trichoderma agent: weighing animal waste, peat soil, activated sludge, pine needle soil, plant ash, a cellulase preparation and a trichoderma preparation in proportion; uniformly mixing and stacking the weighed animal wastes, part of activated sludge, pine needle soil and a cellulase preparation, performing compost fermentation, and uniformly spraying a trichoderma preparation on the surface of a compost material according to a proportion; continuously fermenting for 20-25 days to obtain fermented product; uniformly mixing the obtained fermentation product with peat soil and residual activated sludge, crushing, screening, granulating, drying and packaging to obtain the special fertilizer for the glutinous sorghum, and then applying the prepared special fertilizer for the glutinous sorghum into a glutinous sorghum planting field;
Performing field management and pest control on the glutinous sorghum, and harvesting the glutinous sorghum from the middle and late 7 months to the middle 8 months; cutting off straws which are more than 10cm away from the ground surface after the sorghum is harvested in the first season, and reserving the obtained sorghum stalks for later use;
step five, preparing a soil remediation agent by using the obtained sorghum stalks: weighing sorghum straws, mushroom bran, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, sodium alginate, bentonite, humic acid, borax and a soil remediation microbial inoculum according to a proportion; sterilizing the weighed sorghum straws, mushroom bran, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, sodium alginate, bentonite, humic acid and borax by using ultraviolet rays, drying, grinding, sieving, adding water, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution; uniformly mixing the obtained mixed solution with a soil remediation microbial inoculum to obtain a soil remediation agent for later use;
step six, after the regenerated sorghum seedlings emerge, mixing the soil remediation agent prepared in the step five with a sorghum seedling-raising fertilizer and applying the mixture to a glutinous sorghum planting field; thinning, managing fertilizer and water, intertilling and weeding the regenerated sorghum, and harvesting after the sorghum has mature scions.
Further, in the second step, the seed treatment of the bred high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum comprises the following steps:
Firstly, selecting large and plump seeds, and sunning for 3-5 days;
secondly, washing the well-dried seeds with clean water, and mixing the seed-mixing agent with sorghum seeds before sowing;
and finally, accelerating germination and whitening of the seeds one day before sowing, and airing for 5-6h to sow.
Further, in step two, the transplanting includes:
seedling culture and transplanting are adopted in the south, wherein the seedling culture is sowed in late 3 months to the beginning of 4 months in spring and in the beginning of 5 months to 7 months in autumn; sowing in the north for 4 months to 5 months, and seeding directly or transplanting seedlings in the north.
Further, in the second step, the mixed seed dressing agent consists of 10% thiram carbofuran suspended seed coating agent and carbendazim.
Further, in the second step, the row spacing of the sorghum plants is 17 × 40cm, the density of 9000-10000 plants per mu is guaranteed, and the row spacing of direct-seeding plants is 17 × 40 cm.
Further, in the third step, the animal waste, peat soil, activated sludge, pine needle soil, plant ash, cellulase preparation and trichoderma preparation are weighed according to the proportion, and the steps comprise:
weighing 10-15 parts of animal wastes, 20-30 parts of peat soil, 25-35 parts of activated sludge, 15-20 parts of pine needle soil, 5-10 parts of plant ash, 5-10 parts of cellulase preparation and 3-5 parts of trichoderma preparation according to parts by mass.
Further, in step three, the fermentation comprises:
Anaerobic fermentation is adopted 2 weeks before fermentation, the water content of the fermentation pile is kept to be 55-58%, then the pile is fully turned and oxygen is introduced, the water content of the fermentation pile is kept to be 75% of the maximum water holding capacity, and aerobic fermentation is carried out for 6-10 days.
Further, in the fifth step, the step of weighing sorghum straws, mushroom fungus chaff, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, sodium alginate, bentonite, humic acid, borax and soil remediation microbial inoculum according to the proportion comprises the following steps:
weighing 30-40 parts of sorghum straw, 10-15 parts of mushroom bran, 10-15 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5-8 parts of sodium alginate, 10-15 parts of bentonite, 5-10 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of borax and 2-4 parts of soil remediation microbial inoculum according to the mass parts.
Further, in the fifth step, the soil remediation microbial inoculum consists of saccharomycetes, lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus subtilis.
Further, in the sixth step, the intertillage weeding management comprises:
in the seedling stage, topdressing and intertillage weeding are combined for 1-2 times, 250ML of 20 percent of dichloro-atrazine 200-one per mu is used before jointing and when the height of seedlings is 18-22cm, 15-30 kg of water is added for directional spraying with a cover, and 2 percent of urea water is sprayed on the leaf surfaces once after application to prevent phytotoxicity.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the high-yield and stable-yield cultivation method for the double-cropping glutinous sorghum provided by the invention has the advantages that stable high-yield and high-resistance glutinous sorghum varieties are bred and cultivated, the stable inheritance of sorghum characters is ensured, and the yield and the economic benefit are improved. Meanwhile, the soil remediation agent prepared from the special fertilizer for sorghum and sorghum straws is used for increasing nutrients for soil of a sorghum planting field, alleviating continuous cropping obstacles of sorghum, shortening the growth period of glutinous sorghum, and improving annual yield, benefit and annual yield stability of double-season glutinous sorghum.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a high-yield and stable-yield cultivation method for double-cropping glutinous sorghum provided by the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for screening germplasm resources of high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum, identifying resistance, and breeding a variety of high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum through a hybridization and selfing method, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method for seed treatment of bred high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method for preparing the fertilizer special for glutinous sorghum by using animal wastes, peat soil, activated sludge, pine needle soil, plant ash, a cellulase preparation and a trichoderma preparation, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a soil remediation agent using the obtained sorghum stalks according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-yield and stable-yield cultivation method for double-cropping glutinous sorghum, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the high-yield and stable-yield cultivation method for double-cropping glutinous sorghum provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, screening germplasm resources of the high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum, identifying resistance, and breeding a high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum variety by a hybridization and selfing method;
s102, carrying out seed treatment and seedling raising on the bred high-yield high-resistance waxy sorghum, and transplanting and sowing the bred waxy sorghum seedlings;
s103, preparing the special fertilizer for the glutinous sorghum by utilizing animal wastes, peat soil, activated sludge, pine needle soil, plant ash, a cellulase preparation and a trichoderma agent;
s104, performing field management and pest control on the glutinous sorghum, and harvesting the glutinous sorghum from the middle and late 7 th to the middle 8 th of the month; cutting off straws which are more than 10cm away from the ground surface after the sorghum is harvested in the first season, and reserving the obtained sorghum stalks for later use;
S105, preparing a soil remediation agent by using the obtained sorghum stalks; after the regenerated sorghum seedlings emerge, mixing the soil remediation agent prepared in the fifth step with sorghum seedling-raising fertilizer and applying the mixture to a glutinous sorghum planting field;
and S106, thinning, managing fertilizer and water, intertillage and weeding the regenerated sorghum, and harvesting after the sorghum ears are mature.
As shown in fig. 2, in step S101 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the screening of germplasm resources of high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum, resistance identification, and breeding of high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum varieties by hybridization and selfing methods include:
s201, selecting a high-yield glutinous sorghum variety as a male parent, selecting resistant glutinous sorghum as a female parent, and hybridizing the male parent and the female parent to obtain F1;
s202, bagging and selfing the F1 generation plants in the flowering period to obtain F2 generation seeds; planting seeds of F2 generation, carrying out resistance identification, and selecting plants with stable character performance as plants of F3 generation;
s203, backcrossing the plants of the F3 generation with the plants of the male parent and the female parent to respectively obtain plants of the F41 generation and the F42 generation; selfing the F41 and F42 plants to obtain F5 plants;
and S204, carrying out self-crossing for multiple generations on the F5 generation plants, carrying out waxy property determination, selecting plants which show waxy properties and have unseparated properties, and cultivating to obtain sorghum seeds, thereby obtaining the high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum germplasm variety.
In step S102 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the seed treatment and seedling raising of the bred high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum, and the transplanting and sowing of the bred waxy sorghum seedlings include:
selecting fertile and water-soluble plots, applying a proper amount of soil and miscellaneous fertilizers before soil preparation, and prohibiting application of pig manure and undegraded manure with high ammonium content in a seedbed for film covering seedling raising; transplanting the single sorghum seedlings with 4 leaves and 1 heart to 5 leaves and 1 heart and irrigating living root water; and (3) seedling and final singling in the leaf stage of 3-4, and 1 seedling is reserved in each hole.
As shown in fig. 3, the seed treatment of the bred high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s301, selecting large and plump seeds, and sunning for 3-5 days;
s303, washing the well-dried seeds with clean water, and mixing the seed-mixing agent with sorghum seeds before sowing;
s303, the seeds are germinated and whitened one day before sowing, and then are aired for 5-6 hours to be sown.
The transplanting provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: seedling culture and transplanting are adopted in the south, wherein the seedling culture is sowed in late 3 months to the beginning of 4 months in spring and in the beginning of 5 months to 7 months in autumn; sowing in the north for 4 months to 5 months, and seeding directly or transplanting seedlings in the north.
The mixed seed dressing agent provided by the embodiment of the invention consists of 10% thiram carbofuran suspended seed coating agent and carbendazim.
The sorghum row spacing provided by the embodiment of the invention is 17 multiplied by 40cm, the density per mu is guaranteed to be 9000-10000 strains, and the row spacing of direct-seeding plants is 17 multiplied by 40 cm.
As shown in fig. 4, in step S103 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the preparing a fertilizer special for glutinous sorghum by using animal waste, peat soil, activated sludge, pine needle soil, plant ash, a cellulase preparation, and a trichoderma preparation includes:
s401, weighing animal wastes, peat soil, activated sludge, pine needle soil, plant ash, a cellulase preparation and a trichoderma preparation in proportion;
s402, uniformly mixing and stacking the weighed animal wastes, part of activated sludge, pine needle soil and a cellulase preparation, performing compost fermentation, and uniformly spraying a trichoderma preparation on the surface of a compost material according to a proportion;
s403, continuously fermenting for 20-25 days to obtain a fermented product; and uniformly mixing the obtained fermentation product with peat soil and residual activated sludge, crushing, screening, granulating, drying and packaging to obtain the fertilizer special for the glutinous sorghum, and then applying the prepared fertilizer special for the glutinous sorghum into a glutinous sorghum planting field.
The method for weighing animal waste, peat soil, activated sludge, pine needle soil, plant ash, cellulase preparation and trichoderma preparation according to the proportion provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: weighing 10-15 parts of animal wastes, 20-30 parts of peat soil, 25-35 parts of activated sludge, 15-20 parts of pine needle soil, 5-10 parts of plant ash, 5-10 parts of cellulase preparation and 3-5 parts of trichoderma preparation according to parts by mass.
The fermentation provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: anaerobic fermentation is adopted 2 weeks before fermentation, the water content of the fermentation pile is kept to be 55-58%, then the pile is fully turned and oxygen is introduced, the water content of the fermentation pile is kept to be 75% of the maximum water holding capacity, and aerobic fermentation is carried out for 6-10 days.
As shown in fig. 5, in step S105, the preparation of the soil remediation agent by using the obtained sorghum stalks according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s501, weighing sorghum straws, mushroom bran, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, sodium alginate, bentonite, humic acid, borax and a soil remediation microbial inoculum according to a proportion;
s502, sterilizing the weighed sorghum straws, mushroom bran, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, sodium alginate, bentonite, humic acid and borax by using ultraviolet rays, drying, grinding into powder, sieving, adding water, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution;
s503, uniformly mixing the obtained mixed solution with a soil remediation microbial inoculum to obtain the soil remediation agent.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for weighing sorghum straws, mushroom fungus chaff, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, sodium alginate, bentonite, humic acid, borax and a soil remediation microbial inoculum according to a proportion, which comprises the following steps: weighing 30-40 parts of sorghum straw, 10-15 parts of mushroom bran, 10-15 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5-8 parts of sodium alginate, 10-15 parts of bentonite, 5-10 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of borax and 2-4 parts of soil remediation microbial inoculum according to the mass parts.
The soil remediation microbial inoculum provided by the embodiment of the invention consists of saccharomycetes, lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus subtilis.
In step S106 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the intertillage weeding management includes:
in the seedling stage, topdressing and intertillage weeding are combined for 1-2 times, 250ML of 20 percent of dichloro-atrazine 200-one per mu is used before jointing and when the height of seedlings is 18-22cm, 15-30 kg of water is added for directional spraying with a cover, and 2 percent of urea water is sprayed on the leaf surfaces once after application to prevent phytotoxicity.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein, which is within the spirit and principle of the present invention, should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-yield and stable-yield cultivation method for double-cropping glutinous sorghum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
screening germplasm resources of the high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum, identifying resistance, and breeding a high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum variety by a hybridization and selfing method: selecting a high-yield glutinous sorghum variety as a male parent, resistant glutinous sorghum as a female parent, and hybridizing the male parent and the female parent to obtain F1; bagging and selfing the F1 generation plants in the flowering period to obtain F2 generation seeds; planting seeds of F2 generation, carrying out resistance identification, and selecting plants with stable character performance as plants of F3 generation; backcrossing the plants of the F3 generation with the plants of the male parent and the female parent to respectively obtain plants of the F41 generation and the F42 generation; selfing the F41 and F42 plants to obtain F5 plants; carrying out self-crossing for multiple generations on the F5-generation plants, then carrying out waxy property determination, and selecting plants which have waxy property, non-separated characters and excellent yield for seed reservation, thus obtaining a high-yield and high-resistance waxy sorghum variety;
Step two, carrying out seed treatment and seedling culture on the bred high-yield and high-resistance glutinous sorghum, and transplanting and sowing the cultured sorghum seedlings: selecting fertile and water-soluble plots, applying a proper amount of soil and miscellaneous fertilizers before soil preparation, and prohibiting application of pig manure and undegraded manure with high ammonium content in a seedbed for film covering seedling raising; transplanting the single sorghum seedlings with 4 leaves and 1 heart to 5 leaves and 1 heart and irrigating living root water; 3-4 leaf stage seedling, fixing seedling, and reserving 1 seedling in each hole;
step three, preparing the special fertilizer for the glutinous sorghum by using animal wastes, peat soil, activated sludge, pine needle soil, plant ash, a cellulase preparation and a trichoderma agent: weighing animal waste, peat soil, activated sludge, pine needle soil, plant ash, a cellulase preparation and a trichoderma preparation in proportion; uniformly mixing and stacking the weighed animal wastes, part of activated sludge, pine needle soil and a cellulase preparation, performing compost fermentation, and uniformly spraying a trichoderma preparation on the surface of a compost material according to a proportion; continuously fermenting for 20-25 days to obtain fermented product; uniformly mixing the obtained fermentation product with peat soil and residual activated sludge, crushing, screening, granulating, drying and packaging to obtain the special fertilizer for the glutinous sorghum, and then applying the prepared special fertilizer for the glutinous sorghum into a glutinous sorghum planting field;
Performing field management and pest control on the glutinous sorghum, and harvesting the glutinous sorghum from the middle and late 7 months to the middle 8 months; cutting off straws which are more than 10cm away from the ground surface after the sorghum is harvested in the first season, and reserving the obtained sorghum stalks for later use;
step five, preparing a soil remediation agent by using the obtained sorghum stalks: weighing sorghum straws, mushroom bran, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, sodium alginate, bentonite, humic acid, borax and a soil remediation microbial inoculum according to a proportion; sterilizing the weighed sorghum straws, mushroom bran, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, sodium alginate, bentonite, humic acid and borax by using ultraviolet rays, drying, grinding, sieving, adding water, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution; uniformly mixing the obtained mixed solution with a soil remediation microbial inoculum to obtain a soil remediation agent for later use;
step six, after the regenerated sorghum seedlings emerge, mixing the soil remediation agent prepared in the step five with a sorghum seedling-raising fertilizer and applying the mixture to a glutinous sorghum planting field; thinning, managing fertilizer and water, intertilling and weeding the regenerated sorghum, and harvesting after the sorghum has mature scions.
2. The high and stable yield cultivation method of double cropping waxy sorghum according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the seed treatment of the bred high yield and high resistance waxy sorghum comprises:
Firstly, selecting large and plump seeds, and sunning for 3-5 days;
secondly, washing the well-dried seeds with clean water, and mixing the seed-mixing agent with sorghum seeds before sowing;
and finally, accelerating germination and whitening of the seeds one day before sowing, and airing for 5-6h to sow.
3. The high and stable yield cultivation method for double cropping glutinous sorghum according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the transplanting comprises:
seedling culture and transplanting are adopted in the south, wherein the seedling culture is sowed in late 3 months to the beginning of 4 months in spring and in the beginning of 5 months to 7 months in autumn; sowing in the north for 4 months to 5 months, and seeding directly or transplanting seedlings in the north.
4. The high and stable yield cultivation method of double cropping waxy sorghum according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the mixed seed dressing agent consists of 10% thiram carbofuran suspended seed coating agent and carbendazim.
5. The high and stable yield cultivation method of double-cropping glutinous sorghum according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the row spacing of sorghum plants is 17 x 40cm, the guaranteed density of 9000-10000 plants per mu, and the row spacing of direct-seeding plants is 17 x 40 cm.
6. The high-yield and stable-yield cultivation method of double-season waxy sorghum according to claim 1, wherein in step three, the weighing of animal manure, peat soil, activated sludge, pine needle soil, plant ash, cellulase preparation and trichoderma preparation in proportion comprises:
Weighing 10-15 parts of animal wastes, 20-30 parts of peat soil, 25-35 parts of activated sludge, 15-20 parts of pine needle soil, 5-10 parts of plant ash, 5-10 parts of cellulase preparation and 3-5 parts of trichoderma preparation according to parts by mass.
7. The high and stable yield cultivation method of double cropping glutinous sorghum according to claim 1, wherein in step three, the fermentation comprises:
anaerobic fermentation is adopted 2 weeks before fermentation, the water content of the fermentation pile is kept to be 55-58%, then the pile is fully turned and oxygen is introduced, the water content of the fermentation pile is kept to be 75% of the maximum water holding capacity, and aerobic fermentation is carried out for 6-10 days.
8. The high-yield and stable-yield cultivation method of double-cropping glutinous sorghum according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the step of weighing sorghum straw, mushroom bran, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, sodium alginate, bentonite, humic acid, borax and soil remediation microbial inoculum in proportion comprises the following steps:
weighing 30-40 parts of sorghum straw, 10-15 parts of mushroom bran, 10-15 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5-8 parts of sodium alginate, 10-15 parts of bentonite, 5-10 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of borax and 2-4 parts of soil remediation microbial inoculum according to the mass parts.
9. The high and stable yield cultivation method of double cropping glutinous sorghum according to claim 1, wherein in step five, the soil remediation microbial inoculum consists of yeast, lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus subtilis.
10. The high and stable yield cultivation method of double cropping glutinous sorghum according to claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, the intertillage weeding management comprises:
in the seedling stage, topdressing and intertillage weeding are combined for 1-2 times, 250ML of 20 percent of dichloro-atrazine 200-one per mu is used before jointing and when the height of seedlings is 18-22cm, 15-30 kg of water is added for directional spraying with a cover, and 2 percent of urea water is sprayed on the leaf surfaces once after application to prevent phytotoxicity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110885244.2A CN113728912A (en) | 2021-08-03 | 2021-08-03 | High-yield and stable-yield cultivation method for double-cropping glutinous sorghum |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110885244.2A CN113728912A (en) | 2021-08-03 | 2021-08-03 | High-yield and stable-yield cultivation method for double-cropping glutinous sorghum |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113728912A true CN113728912A (en) | 2021-12-03 |
Family
ID=78729872
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110885244.2A Pending CN113728912A (en) | 2021-08-03 | 2021-08-03 | High-yield and stable-yield cultivation method for double-cropping glutinous sorghum |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113728912A (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103749143A (en) * | 2014-01-29 | 2014-04-30 | 重庆市农业科学院特色作物研究所 | High and stable yield cultivation method of double-cropping glutinous sorghum |
| CN104003824A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-08-27 | 贵州万盛源农牧科技发展有限公司 | Special fertilizer for organic broomcorn |
| CN105349573A (en) * | 2015-12-05 | 2016-02-24 | 山西省原平市双惠种业有限公司 | Sorghum variety breeding and cultivating method |
| CN106495882A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-15 | 广西兴业县至珍生态园农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Zizyphus maurtiana dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108192626A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-06-22 | 山东胜景旅游发展有限公司 | Salt-soda soil microbe soil restoration agent |
| CN108863587A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-11-23 | 沈阳农业大学 | One kind is for sorghum special synergistic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108947600A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-07 | 北京奥合兴科技有限公司 | The preparation method and organic fertilizer of organic fertilizer |
| CN111713353A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-09-29 | 贵州省旱粮研究所(贵州省高粱研究所)(贵州省玉米工程技术研究中心) | Cultivation method and application of glutinous sorghum for Maotai-flavor liquor |
| CN112136620A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2020-12-29 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Mechanical ridging direct-seeding efficient cultivation method for sorghum |
-
2021
- 2021-08-03 CN CN202110885244.2A patent/CN113728912A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103749143A (en) * | 2014-01-29 | 2014-04-30 | 重庆市农业科学院特色作物研究所 | High and stable yield cultivation method of double-cropping glutinous sorghum |
| CN104003824A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-08-27 | 贵州万盛源农牧科技发展有限公司 | Special fertilizer for organic broomcorn |
| CN105349573A (en) * | 2015-12-05 | 2016-02-24 | 山西省原平市双惠种业有限公司 | Sorghum variety breeding and cultivating method |
| CN106495882A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-15 | 广西兴业县至珍生态园农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Zizyphus maurtiana dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108192626A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-06-22 | 山东胜景旅游发展有限公司 | Salt-soda soil microbe soil restoration agent |
| CN108863587A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-11-23 | 沈阳农业大学 | One kind is for sorghum special synergistic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108947600A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-07 | 北京奥合兴科技有限公司 | The preparation method and organic fertilizer of organic fertilizer |
| CN111713353A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-09-29 | 贵州省旱粮研究所(贵州省高粱研究所)(贵州省玉米工程技术研究中心) | Cultivation method and application of glutinous sorghum for Maotai-flavor liquor |
| CN112136620A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2020-12-29 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Mechanical ridging direct-seeding efficient cultivation method for sorghum |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 熊飞等: "高粱新品种"红糯小矮"高产栽培技术", 《科学种养》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102893782B (en) | Rice three-strong cultivation method | |
| CN103493664B (en) | Simplified cultivating method for dry-cure pepper | |
| CN109496734A (en) | Method and a kind of ferment rice using ferment rice cultivation | |
| CN102763550A (en) | High-yield summer corn cultivation method | |
| CN103314729A (en) | Planting method for organic waxy corn | |
| CN103461049A (en) | Protective cultivation technique for rice | |
| CN106538165B (en) | Cultivation method of waxy corn | |
| CN105230324A (en) | Corn cultivation method | |
| CN105165405A (en) | Northeast forest land stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation method | |
| CN105191625A (en) | Pollution-free high-yield cultivation method for sweet corn | |
| CN106717947A (en) | Tobacco and Stropharia rugoso-annulata composite cultivation method | |
| CN106258405A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of corn with high yield | |
| CN104186304B (en) | A kind of hybrid rice opens the selection of fragrant excellent No. 3 | |
| CN103548630B (en) | A kind of method that breeding of hybrid rice entire mechanization is produced | |
| CN109006282B (en) | Cultivation combining method for rotation cultivation and fallow cultivation of lucid ganoderma and rice | |
| CN104756739B (en) | Based on the method for marginality soil sugar grass cultivation | |
| CN104620801A (en) | Technical method for cowpea planting | |
| CN105900677A (en) | Double-plant corn close planting cultivation method achieving effect of emptying ridge every other two ridges | |
| CN108739173A (en) | A kind of cultural method and cultivation system of two seasons tumorous stem mustard | |
| CN107318451A (en) | Sorghum two is than empty many plants of planting culture methods | |
| CN110896809B (en) | Efficient cultivation method for intercropping corn and chrysanthemum nankingense | |
| CN107241928A (en) | A kind of chiltern class soil improvement method | |
| CN113179886A (en) | Selenium-rich quality-improving cultivation method for sweet waxy corn | |
| CN113748943A (en) | Planting method of disease-preventing lodging-resistant rice | |
| CN113728916A (en) | Rice new variety for cultivating stoneware and planting method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |