CN1137031A - Slow release fertilizer and preparing process thereof - Google Patents
Slow release fertilizer and preparing process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1137031A CN1137031A CN 96102602 CN96102602A CN1137031A CN 1137031 A CN1137031 A CN 1137031A CN 96102602 CN96102602 CN 96102602 CN 96102602 A CN96102602 A CN 96102602A CN 1137031 A CN1137031 A CN 1137031A
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Abstract
A slow-releasing fertilizer in the form of particle can be used as both base fertilizer and top application with low cost. Its particle is composed of core and shell. Said core is urea and shell is the mixture of adhesive (rosin, shellac, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, or tannery mud), porous substance, and optional plant growing regulator, P fertilizer, K fertilizer, and/or trace element fertilizer.
Description
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizer, specifically a kind of slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Slow release fertilizer claims slow-release fertilizer or controlled availability fertilizer again.At present, the development of slow release fertilizer has the chemical combination type, coated, Envelope type and compound type etc. both at home and abroad.The chemical combination type is mainly the nitrogenous macromolecular compound of a class, as urea-formaldehyde condensation products etc.China is because of reasons such as technology and costs, and less employing chemical combination type adopts coated, Envelope type and compound type etc. more.Coated adopts that particle such as urea is fertile to be heart nuclear more, and powderies such as phosphate fertilizer fertilizer be sheating material, and it is binding agent that employing inorganics such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, water etc. reach organism humic acids etc., the heart is examined linked to each other with shell.But do to form the crystal of calcium sulfate shell behind the binding agent bag phosphate fertilizer with sulfuric acid, it is too slow that nitrogen is discharged; With hydrochloric acid or water is binding agent institute composting, and because of water effect lower housing easily comes off, slow release effect is poor in soil.With humic acids is that binding agent is influenced by raw material sources.Envelope type is with urea or to be pressed into particulate carbon ammonium etc. be heart nuclear, is coated with one deck hydrophobic film on its surface, as pitch, paraffin wax, Sulfur etc.But because of selection material difference, cost, difference on effect are bigger.The various raw materials of the many employings of compound type are mixing granulations (or direct mixing granulation) after crushed, and the effectively fertile part effect of this kind fertilizer is low, easy deliquescence caking.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned fertilizer, a kind of loss that reduces the fertilizer nutrient is provided, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, raw material is easy to get, and uses manpower and material resources sparingly, and reduces slow release fertilizer that pollutes and preparation method thereof.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: fertilizer is particulate state, is made up of heart nuclear and shell, and heart nuclear is urea, adopts pack and coating method:
1) pack, shell is to use rosin, or lac, or Xylo-Mucine, or leather-making mud is as binding agent and porous material, or add the mixture of plant-growth regulator with porous material, or and phosphate fertilizer, or with the mixture of phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, or the mixture of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and little fertilizer bonding forms, the weight ratio of heart nuclear in fertilizer is 20-80%, each binding agent is the proportion difference in shell: rosin 0.4-3.0%, and lac 0.2-2.0%, carboxymethyl pricker tie up plain sodium 0.4-2.0%, leather-making mud 0.4-4.0%, fertilizer particle diameter are the 1.4-6.0 millimeter;
2) coating method, adventitia are rosin, or lac, or the mixture of rosin and little fertilizer, or the adventitia made of the mixture of lac and little fertilizer, and adventitia proportion in fertilizer is 0.5-2.0%.
Wherein said porous material is a swelling perlite powder, or zeolite powder, or silicon bath soil powder;
Wherein said plant-growth regulator is a 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, or α-Nai Yisuan, and proportion is 0.05-0.2% in shell;
Wherein said phosphate fertilizer is fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, or normal superphosphate, or ground phosphate rock, and potash fertilizer is vitriolate of tartar, Repone K, and its ratio in shell is phosphate fertilizer 29.8-70%, potash fertilizer is 70-20%;
Wherein said little fertilizer is the mixture of iron content 10-35%, copper 5-20%, magnesium 5-25%, zinc 30-5%, manganese 20-5%, molybdenum 10-2%, boron 20-8%, and its ratio in shell is 0.5-4.0%.
The preparation method of above-mentioned slow release fertilizer is:
1) pack is dissolved in rosin in the alcohol, or lac is dissolved in the ethanol, or Xylo-Mucine is soluble in water, or leather-making mud is diluted in the water, is mixed in granulation in the tablets press with above-mentioned solution and heart nuclear and sheating material.
2) the coating method is dissolved in rosin in the alcohol, or lac is dissolved in the ethanol, adds fertile in a subtle way solution again, forms adventitia with above-mentioned solution spraying in heart nuclear surface.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment:
Before the granulation, do following work earlier:
Except that urea was particle, required sheating material all need be pulverized, and crossed 50 mesh sieve holes.Little fertile solution is prepared in proportion earlier and is added edta solution, makes it become clear solution;
The preparation of binder solution: rosin is dissolved in the alcohol, and adds water, and making its concentration is 5%, and lac is dissolved in the ethanolic soln, and concentration is 4%, and Xylo-Mucine is dissolved in the water, concentration 6%, and leather-making mud is diluted in the water, proportion 1.2;
The preparation of membrane-forming agent solution: rosin is dissolved in the alcohol, adds solution in a subtle way by proportioning, or lac is dissolved in the ethanol, adds fertile in a subtle way solution by proportioning.
Embodiment 1,4 kg urea particles and 1 kilogram of swelling perlite powder (or 1 kilogram of diatomite in powder) are added the granulation dish, spray 300 milliliters of 5% rosin solutions (or other binding agent), stirring-granulating, while progressively adds 0.5 kilogram of swelling perlite powder (or 0.5 kilogram of diatomite in powder) of remainder, about 200 milliliters of the amount of adjusting rosin solution, and guarantee that all urea granules are inflated perlite powder and wrap up, product is through airing or 75 ℃ of oven dry, the plastic bag sealing of packing into.After water and the ethanol volatilization, this fertile urea accounts for 72.4%, swelling perlite powder 27.1%, and rosin accounts for 0.5%.
Embodiment 2,5 kg urea and 1 kilogram of zeolite powder are added the granulation dish, be spilled into the spirituous solution that is dissolved with 5 gram α-Nai Yisuan, and spray 400 milliliters of 4% shellac solutions, and stirring-granulating, the while progressively adds 1 kilogram of zeolite powder of remainder, regulate the amount (300 milliliters) of shellac solution, and guarantee that all particles are wrapped up by zeolite powder, product airing or 75 ℃ of oven dry pack, seal.After the alcohol volatilization, this fertile urea content 71.11%, zeolite powder 28.43%, lac content 0.4%, α-Nai Yisuan content 0.07%.
Embodiment 3, with 2 kg urea, 1 kilogram of Repone K and 2 kilograms of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate (containing P2O5 19.2%) add the granulation dish, spray 300 milliliters of 5% rosin solutions (or other binding agent), stirring-granulating progressively adds 1.2 kilograms of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate of remainder again, regulate the rosin solution amount, (300 milliliters) are wrapped established particle fully, and 75-80 ℃ of oven dry packs, seals.After this fertile alcohol, the water volatilization, urea content 32.1%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate content 51.4%, KCE content 16.1%, rosin content 0.4%.This fat part of N: P2O5: K2O is 15: 10: 10.
Embodiment 4, with 14 gram zinc sulfate, 12 gram sal epsom, 8 gram copper sulfate, 8 gram ferrous sulfate, 5 gram manganous sulfates, 2 gram ammonium molybdates, 10 gram boraxs mix to be pulverized, add the granulation dish jointly with 4 kg urea, 1 kilo sulfuric acid potassium, 2 kilograms of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, spray 600 milliliters of 6% carboxymethylcellulose sodium solutions (or leather-making mud solution etc.), stirring-granulating, again 2 kilograms of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate of remainder are progressively added, and spray 400 milliliters of carboxymethylcellulose sodium solutions, make and form particle and wrapped up 70-80 ℃ of oven dry fully.After the drying, this fertilizer contains urea 43.8%, potash fertilizer 10.9%, phosphate fertilizer 43.8%, binding agent 0.8%, little fertile 0.7%.
Embodiment 5,5 kg urea are sprayed 15% rosin and are contained 100 milliliters of the solution of 20% little fertilizer, stir airing.This fertile urea proportion 99.3%, adventitia proportion 0.7%.(in the adventitia, rosin proportion 42.8%, little fertile proportion 57.2%)
With leather-making mud is that caking agent need remove hair, because mud organic matter and nitrogen content height add an amount of phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, is good composite fertilizer, should use in soil property barren forest land.Cr3+ ion in the mud after zeolite or pearlstone absorption, water-solublely goes out very for a short time, and this has just reduced the pollution of chromium ion, has so both reduced the pollution of mud, has also accomplished to make recycling sludge simultaneously.
Good effect of the present invention is: utilized natural goods rosin, lac and porous material ( Raw material sources are wide), little fertilizer and plant growth regulator. Made fertilizer mechanical strength height does not take off Shell, not deliquescence, caking, effectively fertile part is high, uses conveniently, can be used as base manure or topdresses. This Fertile in soil retention time long, Nitrogen In Soils, phosphorus residual effect are higher, and have water-retaining property and change The effect of kind soil physical properties. Add in a subtle way fertilizer, can replenish plants and lack, added plant and given birth to Long conditioning agent can promote plant establishment to germinate, and improves survival rate. And utilized leather-making mud, Make the polluting waste resource. Simultaneously, because slow fertile leaching reduces, can slow down the stream of quick-acting fertilizer efficiency Lose the process of the eutrophication that rivers and lakes are caused.
Table 1 is simulation rain drop erosion (the urea table of comparisons)
Table 2 is for using observation (dry season) on the spot
Table 3 is for using observation (rainy season) on the spot
Table 1 is depicted as fertile with the 5g development and crosses the dry quartz sand of 20 mesh sieve hole 500g (clean, dry with distilled water) mixes, in the chromatographic column of packing into, and filling degree of tightness appropriateness, with 0.5ml/min speed drench into distilled water, make its rate of outflow consistent, use receiver Collect and drench fluid, each receiver is collected 20min (altogether 10.0ml), every part Fertile sample arranges 10 receivers, gets liquid 1.00ml from each receiver, adds 3ml The concentrated sulfuric acid digests, and with the semimicro azotometer distillation of imperial section, 2% boric acid absorbs then, 0.0400N Hcl titration.
Experimental data shows, uses this fertilizer, and the soil nitrogen content is increased, and slow fertilizer is leaching not only Less, and also retain certain moisture in the ghost after the melting of capsule type heart nuclear, the tool water-retaining property, bright The aobvious physical property of having improved soil.
Compare with undressed urea, its leaching Speed Reduction reaches slowly-releasing more than one times Purpose. The use of this fertilizer is to solving body eutrophication, and is positive to the tool of preserving the ecological environment Effect and realistic meaning, implementation process is economized fertile saving of labor simultaneously.
On the plant after the field planting, on the flowers, to use on the economic fruit, successful also can Plant at cigarette, sugar, tea, vegetables, grain etc. is used.
Table 1
| Sequence number | Particle diameter (mm) | Sticking+shell | Content (%) | The receiver numbering | Burst size accounts for total amount (%) | |||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |||||
| Contrast | ||||||||||||||
| 2-4 | Urea | 46.1 | 340.3 | 42.1 | 11.3 | 5.3 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 98.6 | ||||
| 1 | 2-4 | Embrane method | 42.1 | 213.2 | 75.2 | 23.6 | 10.3 | 7.6 | 5.4 | 2.3 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 90.3 |
| 2 | 2-4 | Pine+treasure | 38.5 | 115.6 | 44.2 | 34.6 | 13.1 | 12.0 | 10.7 | 11.3 | 10.4 | 8.9 | 6.3 | 84.7 |
| 3 | 2-4 | Pine+boil | 32.4 | 102.3 | 33.5 | 13.8 | 12.2 | 10.9 | 11.2 | 10.6 | 12.1 | 12.6 | 10.3 | 74.6 |
| 4 | 2-4 | A | 35.0 | 134.6 | 54.5 | 24.0 | 13.1 | 13.3 | 11.3 | 12.5 | 10.3 | 8.9 | 8.6 | 93.2 |
| 5 | 2-4 | B | 20.0 | 95.9 | 28.4 | 15.6 | 9.40 | 8.3 | 9.5 | 6.7 | 6.0 | 6.4 | 5.0 | 92.6 |
| 6 | 2-4 | C | 35.6 | 142.3 | 53.8 | 24.8 | 12.2 | 10.3 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 8.0 | 7.6 | 7.2 | 89.4 |
A: water+pine+ground phosphate rock B: pine+calcium magnesium phosphorus+KCL C:CMC+ calcium magnesium phosphorus
See Fig. 2
Table 2
Table 3
Claims (6)
1. slow release fertilizer, fertilizer is particulate state, is made up of heart nuclear and shell or adventitia, heart nuclear is urea, it is characterized in that:
1) shell is to use rosin, or lac, or Xylo-Mucine, or leather-making mud is as binding agent and porous material, or add the plant-growth joint agent composition that withers with porous material, or and phosphate fertilizer, or with the mixture of phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, or the mixture of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and little fertilizer bonding forms, and the weight ratio of heart nuclear in fertilizer is 20-80%, and proportion is respectively in shell for each binding agent: rosin 0.4-3.0%, lac 0.2-2.0%, the carboxymethyl pricker is tieed up plain sodium 0.4-2.0%, and leather-making mud 0.4-4.0%, fertilizer particle diameter are the 1.4-6.0 millimeter;
2) adventitia is a rosin, or lac, or the mixture of rosin and little fertilizer, or the mixture of lac and little fertilizer, and adventitia shared weight ratio in fertilizer is 0.5-2.0%; Little fertilizer shared weight ratio in adventitia is 40-70%.
2, fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described porous material is a swelling perlite powder, or zeolite powder, or diatomite in powder.
3, fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described plant-growth regulator is a 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, or α-Nai Yisuan, and proportion is 0.05-0.2% in shell.
4, fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described phosphate fertilizer is fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, or normal superphosphate, or ground phosphate rock, and potash fertilizer is vitriolate of tartar, Repone K, and its ratio in shell is phosphate fertilizer 29.8-70%, potash fertilizer is 70-26%.
5, fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that little fertilizer is the mixture of iron content 10-35%, copper 5-20%, magnesium 5-25%, zinc 30-5%, manganese 20-5%, molybdenum 10-2%, boron 20-8%, and its ratio in shell is 0.5-4.0%.
6, a kind of preparation method of slow release fertilizer is characterized in that:
1) rosin is dissolved in the alcohol, or lac is dissolved in the ethanol, or Xylo-Mucine is soluble in water, or leather-making mud is diluted in the water, is mixed in granulation in the tablets press with above-mentioned solution and heart nuclear and sheating material;
2) or with rosin be dissolved in the alcohol, or lac is dissolved in the ethanol, adds fertile in a subtle way solution again, form adventitia in heart nuclear surface with above-mentioned solution spraying.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96102602A CN1078577C (en) | 1996-01-13 | 1996-01-13 | Slow release fertilizer and preparing process thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96102602A CN1078577C (en) | 1996-01-13 | 1996-01-13 | Slow release fertilizer and preparing process thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1137031A true CN1137031A (en) | 1996-12-04 |
| CN1078577C CN1078577C (en) | 2002-01-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96102602A Expired - Fee Related CN1078577C (en) | 1996-01-13 | 1996-01-13 | Slow release fertilizer and preparing process thereof |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1063166C (en) * | 1996-05-19 | 2001-03-14 | 原俊钦 | coating synergistic urea |
| CN101544521A (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-09-30 | 郭强 | New material and technology for quickly coating compound fertilizer at normal temperature |
| CN101759490A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2010-06-30 | 范友 | Slowly-controlled-release diammonium phosphate |
| CN101985409A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-03-16 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Adhesive controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN101503330B (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2012-06-06 | 上海师范大学 | Efficient coated control release urea and preparation thereof |
| CN101492310B (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2012-11-14 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Composite sustained-release urea of organic materials and method of producing the same |
| CN102811979A (en) * | 2010-03-03 | 2012-12-05 | Mos控股公司 | Fertilizer composition containing micronutrients and methods of making same |
| CN102826920A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2012-12-19 | 遵义市贵科科技有限公司 | Compound mixed slow release fertilizer using perlite as carrier |
| CN102838432A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2012-12-26 | 遵义市贵科科技有限公司 | Quick-acting loss-free nitrogenous fertilizer prepared by taking perlite as carrier |
| CN102910961A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2013-02-06 | 四川省三台永生农业开发有限责任公司 | Novel regulator slow-release nitrogen fertilizer |
| CN103086802A (en) * | 2013-02-03 | 2013-05-08 | 福建达安能源实业有限责任公司 | Natural gradable coated slow-released fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103493718A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-01-08 | 合肥市潜溪山庄农业生态园有限公司 | Soilless culture substrate for afforestation and preparing method thereof |
| CN107586182A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-16 | 元江呈达智能配肥有限公司 | A kind of solanaceous vegetables special-purpose control-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107586205A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-16 | 武汉轻工大学 | A kind of coated fertilizer for improveing acid soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN107586181A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-16 | 元江呈达智能配肥有限公司 | A kind of fruit-specific fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5279158A (en) * | 1975-12-26 | 1977-07-04 | Komatsu Ltd | Oil pressure valve control lever |
| JPS6279161A (en) * | 1985-09-30 | 1987-04-11 | Yukihiko Suzuki | Adhesive tape holder |
-
1996
- 1996-01-13 CN CN96102602A patent/CN1078577C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1063166C (en) * | 1996-05-19 | 2001-03-14 | 原俊钦 | coating synergistic urea |
| CN101492310B (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2012-11-14 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Composite sustained-release urea of organic materials and method of producing the same |
| CN101544521A (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-09-30 | 郭强 | New material and technology for quickly coating compound fertilizer at normal temperature |
| CN101503330B (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2012-06-06 | 上海师范大学 | Efficient coated control release urea and preparation thereof |
| CN101759490B (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2013-05-22 | 黑龙江金事达农业科技开发有限公司 | Slowly-controlled-release diammonium phosphate |
| CN101759490A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2010-06-30 | 范友 | Slowly-controlled-release diammonium phosphate |
| CN105367235A (en) * | 2010-03-03 | 2016-03-02 | Mos控股公司 | Fertilizer composition containing micronutrients and methods of making same |
| CN102811979A (en) * | 2010-03-03 | 2012-12-05 | Mos控股公司 | Fertilizer composition containing micronutrients and methods of making same |
| US9199883B2 (en) | 2010-03-03 | 2015-12-01 | The Mosaic Company | Fertilizer composition containing micronutrients and methods of making same |
| CN101985409A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-03-16 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Adhesive controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN101985409B (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2013-02-27 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Adhesive controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102910961A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2013-02-06 | 四川省三台永生农业开发有限责任公司 | Novel regulator slow-release nitrogen fertilizer |
| CN102838432A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2012-12-26 | 遵义市贵科科技有限公司 | Quick-acting loss-free nitrogenous fertilizer prepared by taking perlite as carrier |
| CN102826920A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2012-12-19 | 遵义市贵科科技有限公司 | Compound mixed slow release fertilizer using perlite as carrier |
| CN103086802A (en) * | 2013-02-03 | 2013-05-08 | 福建达安能源实业有限责任公司 | Natural gradable coated slow-released fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103493718A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-01-08 | 合肥市潜溪山庄农业生态园有限公司 | Soilless culture substrate for afforestation and preparing method thereof |
| CN103493718B (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2016-03-16 | 合肥市潜溪山庄农业生态园有限公司 | A kind of greening soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107586182A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-16 | 元江呈达智能配肥有限公司 | A kind of solanaceous vegetables special-purpose control-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107586181A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-16 | 元江呈达智能配肥有限公司 | A kind of fruit-specific fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107586205A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-16 | 武汉轻工大学 | A kind of coated fertilizer for improveing acid soil and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1078577C (en) | 2002-01-30 |
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