CN113680431A

CN113680431A - Garbage separation device and garbage separation system

Info

Publication number: CN113680431A
Application number: CN202110983979.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩文正; 毛磊; 杨圣佩
Original assignee: Zhejiang Yanglu Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Yanglu Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-25
Filing date: 2021-08-25
Publication date: 2021-11-23
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-25
Also published as: CN113680431B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, and discloses a garbage separating device and a garbage separating system, which comprise: the staving, inside has the top and is equipped with first open-ended accommodation space. The crusher is arranged at the top of the barrel body and used for primarily crushing garbage. The sieve, including top sieve, middle sieve and bottom sieve, be equipped with first passageway on the lateral wall of staving, the periphery of sieve has the baffle, the sieve can pass through the passageway gets into or withdraws from accommodation space, the baffle can be closed first passageway. And the locking mechanism is used for locking the baffle plates on the periphery of the sieve plate and the cutter head and is arranged at the top of the sieve plate. And the driving mechanism is used for driving the cutter head to rotate. The garbage can crusher and the cutter head can crush the garbage, sieve plates with different sieve pore sizes can screen out garbage particles with different sizes, and the garbage particles at the top of the sieve plates can be taken out of the can body by moving the sieve plates to be treated in the next step.

Description

Garbage separation device and garbage separation system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a garbage separating device and a garbage separating system.

Background

With the development of economy and social progress, the urbanization of China is accelerated, the living standard of people is rapidly improved, the garbage waste generated in daily life is increased, the land around the city is occupied, the surrounding environment is polluted, and the influence on the body health of people is more obvious. With the increase of a large amount of garbage, how to effectively treat the garbage and how to improve the recycling value of the garbage are more difficult.

At present, the treatment mode of the garbage is mainly landfill, which accounts for more than seven percent of the total treatment capacity, although the landfill is simple, more subsequent problems can be brought, such as occupation of a large amount of land, pollution of surrounding environment, underground water sources and the like, and the technology of effectively screening the garbage, improving the utilization value and reducing the emission pollution is not perfect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a garbage separating device and a garbage separating system, which aim to solve the problem that the garbage treatment technology in the prior art is not perfect.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a garbage separating apparatus, comprising:

the barrel body is internally provided with an accommodating space the top of which is provided with a first opening;

the crusher is arranged at the top of the barrel body and is used for primarily crushing garbage;

the sieve plate comprises a top sieve plate, a middle sieve plate and a bottom sieve plate, is arranged in the barrel body from top to bottom, and is used for filtering garbage particles with different sizes in a grading manner, and the sizes of the sieve holes are gradually reduced from top to bottom; a first channel is arranged on the side wall of the barrel body, a baffle is arranged on the periphery of the sieve plate, the sieve plate can enter or exit the accommodating space through the channel, and the baffle can close the first channel;

the locking mechanism is used for locking the baffle plates on the periphery of the sieve plate and limiting the sieve plate to move;

the cutter head is arranged at the top of the sieve plate and is used for crushing the garbage again;

and the driving mechanism is used for driving the cutter head to rotate.

The garbage can crusher and the cutter head can crush the garbage, sieve plates with different sieve pore sizes can screen out garbage particles with different sizes, and the garbage particles at the top of the sieve plates can be taken out of the can body by moving the sieve plates to be treated in the next step.

Furthermore, the top sieve plate, the middle sieve plate and the bottom sieve plate are all composed of evenly-divided sieve plate components, and the baffles are arranged on the peripheries of the sieve plate components.

Furthermore, grooves are formed in the inner sides of the baffles capable of closing the first channels on the sieve plate components, second channels for the cutter heads to pass through are formed in the other baffles, and the outer sides of the cutter heads extend into the grooves and are in sliding connection with the baffles; the driving mechanism comprises a motor, an output shaft of the motor is coaxial with the barrel body, a connecting shaft is arranged on the output shaft, and the inner side of the cutter head is connected with the connecting shaft.

Furthermore, the cutter head is composed of cutter head parts which are equally divided, the cutter head parts are connected with the connecting shaft through telescopic rods, sliding grooves are formed in the grooves, and guide rails matched with the sliding grooves are arranged on the cutter head parts.

Furthermore, the telescopic rod is rotatably connected with the cutter head component.

Furthermore, the telescopic rod is hinged to the cutter head component, and the sieve plate component can close the baffle of the first channel and the two adjacent baffles.

Furthermore, the locking mechanism comprises a rack, a gear, a connecting rod and a handle, a third channel is arranged on the side wall of the barrel body, a fourth channel and a fifth channel are arranged on the baffle, the rack is arranged in the fourth channel, the gear is arranged in the fifth channel and meshed with the rack, the rack can extend into the third channel or retract into the fourth channel under the driving of the gear, the connecting rod and the gear are coaxially arranged, and the other end of the connecting rod extends out of the baffle through the fifth channel and is connected with the handle.

Further, the bottom of the barrel body is provided with a second opening, and the bottom of the barrel body is provided with a movable baffle capable of opening or closing the second opening.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a garbage separating system, including the above garbage separating apparatus, further including a spraying mechanism and a separating mechanism, wherein:

the spraying mechanism comprises a spray head which is arranged in the barrel body and is positioned at the top of the sieve plate;

the separation mechanism comprises a grit chamber, stirring blades, an underwater conveyor, a salvaging mechanism and a solid-liquid separator; the grit chamber is arranged at the bottom of the second opening of the barrel body; the connecting shaft is a first electric telescopic rod which can extend into the grit chamber through the second opening, and the stirring blade is arranged at the tail end of the connecting shaft and used for stirring garbage in the grit chamber; the underwater conveyor can convey the garbage at the bottom of the grit chamber to the outside of the grit chamber; the salvaging mechanism comprises a second electric telescopic rod, a third electric telescopic rod and a screen, wherein the second electric telescopic rod is arranged on two sides of one side wall of the grit chamber, the fixed end of the third electric telescopic rod is hinged with the movable end of the second electric telescopic rod, and the screen is arranged on the side wall of the third electric telescopic rod and used for salvaging suspended particles with the diameter larger than mm in the grit chamber; the solid-liquid separator is arranged outside the grit chamber and can perform solid-liquid separation on liquid in the grit chamber.

Furthermore, an oil-water separator is connected to the solid-liquid separator, so that the liquid discharged from the solid-liquid separator can be subjected to oil-water separation.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a sieve plate and a cutter head in one embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a screen panel in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cutter head in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a top screen deck and a middle screen deck and a bottom screen deck in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a locking mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a fishing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

1, a barrel body; 2, a crusher; 31 a top screen deck; 32 middle screen deck; 33 bottom screen deck; 34 a baffle plate; 35 a screen member; 36 grooves; 37 a second channel; 38 a sliding groove; 4, a cutter head; 41, a telescopic rod; 42 a guide rail; 5, a motor; 51 connecting the shafts; 52 stirring blades; 61 rack bar; 62 gears; 63 connecting rods; a 64 handle; 7, a spray head; 8, a grit chamber; 81 a second electric telescopic rod; 82 a third electric telescopic rod; 83 a screen mesh; 9, a solid-liquid separator; 91 oil-water separator.

Detailed Description

The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation. In the present invention, the use of the terms of orientation such as "upper and lower" in the case where no description is made to the contrary generally means the orientation in the assembled and used state. "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of the respective component itself.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a garbage separating apparatus, as shown in fig. 1 to 8, comprising: the barrel body 1 is internally provided with an accommodating space with a first opening at the top. And the crusher 2 is arranged at the top of the barrel body 1 and used for primarily crushing garbage. The sieve, including top sieve 31, middle sieve 32 and bottom sieve 33, arrange the setting from last to bottom inside the staving, and the sieve mesh size reduces from last to down step by step for the not equidimension rubbish granule of stage filtration. The side wall of the barrel body 1 is provided with a first channel, the periphery of the sieve plate is provided with a baffle 34, the sieve plate can enter or exit the accommodating space through the channel, and the baffle 34 can close the first channel. A locking mechanism for locking the peripheral barrier 34 of the screen deck to restrict movement of the screen deck. And the cutter head 4 is arranged at the top of the sieve plate and used for crushing the garbage again. And the driving mechanism is used for driving the cutter head 4 to rotate.

The garbage can is crushed by the crusher 2 and the cutter head 4, garbage particles with different sizes are screened out by the sieve plates with different sieve pore sizes, and the garbage particles at the top of the sieve plates can be taken out of the can body by moving the sieve plates for further treatment. For example, the top screen plate 31 is used for packing and recycling the garbage particles with the highest hardness, the middle screen plate 32 is used for filling or brick making, and the bottom screen plate 33 is used for filling or burning the garbage particles with medium hardness.

When each grade of sieve is located the outside of staving 1, each bottom all has the drive belt for the rubbish granule of transporting the dumping in the sieve.

In an alternative embodiment, the top screen deck 31, the middle screen deck 32 and the bottom screen deck 33 are all formed from equal parts of screen deck members 35, the screen deck members 35 all being provided with the baffles 34 at their peripheries.

As shown in fig. 3-4, in the present embodiment, halved sieve plate members 35 are selected, and after the crushing is completed, the sieve plate members can be moved out of the outer side of the barrel body 1 for processing.

In an optional embodiment, a groove 36 is provided on the inner side of the baffle 34 capable of closing the first channel on the sieve plate component 35, a second channel 37 for the cutter head 4 to pass through is provided on the other baffles, and the outer side of the cutter head 4 extends into the groove 36 and is slidably connected with the baffle 34. The driving mechanism comprises a motor 5, an output shaft of the motor 5 is coaxial with the barrel body 1, a connecting shaft 51 is arranged on the output shaft, and the inner side of the cutter head 4 is connected with the connecting shaft 51.

Through the arrangement, the cutting range of the cutter head 4 can be further enlarged, the cutting effect on garbage is improved, and the efficiency is improved.

In an optional embodiment, the cutter head 4 is composed of cutter head components which are equally divided, the cutter head components are connected with the connecting shaft 51 through an expansion link 41, a sliding groove 38 is arranged in the groove 36, and a guide rail 42 which is matched with the sliding groove 38 is arranged on the cutter head components.

Through the above-mentioned setting in the removal process of sieve part 35, the blade disc part can follow sieve part 35 and move together because guide rail 42 imbeds in sliding tray 38, and the setting can prevent that the rubbish granule from remaining on the blade disc part like this, or sieve part 35 when independent migration, the rubbish granule of piling up at its top is by the blade disc part separation to drop.

In an alternative embodiment, the extension rod 41 is rotatably connected to the cutter head component.

Through the above-mentioned screen that sets up accessible when removing to the outside of staving 1 rotates and emptys its inside rubbish granule to be ready for reuse.

The rotation can be manually operated, or a rotating motor is arranged on the telescopic rod 41 and driven by the rotating motor.

In an alternative embodiment, the telescopic rod 41 is hinged to the cutter head component, and the baffle 34 of the sieve plate component capable of closing the first channel is hinged to two adjacent baffles 34.

When the sieve plate is arranged to move to the outer side of the barrel body 1, the telescopic rod 41 can turn over at the hinged position of the cutter head part, and the baffle 34 is turned over to dump garbage particles in the cutter head part.

The above-mentioned upset can be manual operation, or install the motor in articulated department, through the motor drive upset.

In an optional embodiment, the locking mechanism includes a rack 61, a gear 62, a connecting rod 63 and a handle 64, a third channel is disposed on a side wall of the barrel 1, a fourth channel and a fifth channel are disposed on the baffle 34, the rack 61 is disposed in the fourth channel, the gear 62 is disposed in the fifth channel and engaged with the rack 61, the rack 61 can extend into the third channel or retract into the fourth channel under the driving of the gear 62, the connecting rod 63 is disposed coaxially with the gear 62, and the other end of the connecting rod extends out of the baffle 34 through the fifth channel and is connected with the handle 64.

Through the arrangement, the sieve plate can be prevented from shaking or deflecting during the operation of the equipment, and the overall stability of the equipment is improved. And the operation is simple and convenient, and the operation can be realized by rotating the handle 64 forwards and backwards. Or a motor is arranged on the connecting rod 63 and is driven to rotate by the motor.

In an alternative embodiment, the bottom of the barrel body 1 is provided with a second opening, and the bottom of the barrel body 1 is provided with a movable baffle capable of opening or closing the second opening.

Through the arrangement, garbage crushed particle discharge equipment which is not intercepted by the sieve plate can be arranged.

the spraying mechanism comprises a spray head 7 which is arranged in the barrel and positioned at the top of the sieve plate.

The separation mechanism comprises a grit chamber 8, a stirring blade 52, an underwater conveyor, a salvaging mechanism and a solid-liquid separator. The grit chamber 8 is disposed at the bottom of the second opening of the tub 1. The connecting shaft 51 is a first electric telescopic rod, and can extend into the grit chamber 8 through the second opening, and the stirring blade 52 is arranged at the tail end of the connecting shaft 51 and used for stirring the garbage in the grit chamber 8. The underwater conveyor can convey the garbage at the bottom of the grit chamber to the outside of the grit chamber. The fishing mechanism comprises a second electric telescopic rod 81, a third electric telescopic rod 82 and a screen 83, wherein the two sides of one side wall of the grit chamber 8 are provided with the second electric telescopic rod 81, the fixed end of the third electric telescopic rod 82 is hinged to the movable end of the second electric telescopic rod 81, and the screen 83 is arranged on the side wall of the third electric telescopic rod 82 and used for fishing suspended particles with the inner diameter larger than 5 millimeters in the grit chamber. The solid-liquid separator 9 is disposed outside the grit chamber 8, and can perform solid-liquid separation on the liquid in the grit chamber 8.

Through the arrangement, the conversion efficiency of the equipment to the garbage can be improved, and the utilization value of the garbage is improved. The spray head 7 can spray disinfectant fluid, deodorant and other products, so as to further reduce the peculiar smell of garbage particles and harm to the surrounding environment. And the paste on the garbage particles and the crushed small particles can be flushed into the grit chamber 8. And the liquid in the grit chamber 8 is fully stirred by the stirring blades 52, the garbage with the density larger than the water density is sunk to the bottom of the grit chamber 8, the surface of the grit chamber is fished out by an underwater conveyor, and is buried or used for making bricks, the underwater conveyor can select a crawler belt and is supported by a guide rail which is laid along the bottom of the grit chamber 8 to the outside of the grit chamber. The garbage particles smaller than the water density are in a suspended or floating state, are salvaged through the second electric telescopic rod 81, the third electric telescopic rod 82 and the screen 83, and can be compressed and buried after being fished out. The garbage which is in a suspended or floating state and has particles larger than 5mm is carried to a solid-liquid separator 9 along with the flowing of water, and the separated solid can be made into organic fertilizer through microbial fermentation.

In an alternative embodiment, the solid-liquid separator 9 is further connected to an oil-water separator 91, which can separate oil from water in the liquid discharged from the solid-liquid separator 9. And grease is recovered, and the sewage is discharged after being treated or reused in a spraying system.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A refuse separation device, characterized in that it comprises:

the barrel body (1) is internally provided with an accommodating space the top of which is provided with a first opening;

the crusher (2) is arranged at the top of the barrel body (1) and is used for primarily crushing garbage;

the sieve plate comprises a top sieve plate (31), a middle sieve plate (32) and a bottom sieve plate (33), and is arranged in the barrel body from top to bottom, and the sizes of the sieve holes are gradually reduced from top to bottom and are used for filtering garbage particles with different sizes in a grading manner; a first channel is arranged on the side wall of the barrel body (1), a baffle (34) is arranged on the periphery of the sieve plate, the sieve plate can enter or exit the accommodating space through the channel, and the baffle (34) can close the first channel;

a locking mechanism for locking a barrier (34) at the periphery of the screen deck to restrict movement of the screen deck;

the cutter head (4) is arranged at the top of the sieve plate and is used for crushing the garbage again;

and the driving mechanism is used for driving the cutter head (4) to rotate.

2. A refuse separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the top screen (31), the middle screen (32) and the bottom screen (33) are all formed by equally divided screen members (35), the screen members (35) being provided with the baffles (34) all at their periphery.

3. A refuse separator according to claim 2, characterized in that the screen plate member (35) is provided with a groove (36) on the inner side of a baffle (34) capable of closing the first passage, and the remaining baffles are provided with second passages (37) for the cutter head (4) to pass through, and the outer side of the cutter head (4) extends into the groove (36) and is connected with the baffle (34) in a sliding manner; the driving mechanism comprises a motor (5), an output shaft of the motor is coaxial with the barrel body (1), a connecting shaft (51) is arranged on the output shaft, and the inner side of the cutter head (4) is connected with the connecting shaft (51).

4. A refuse separator according to claim 3, characterized in that the cutterhead (4) is formed by equally divided cutterhead parts, which are connected to the connecting shaft (51) by means of telescopic rods (41), in that a sliding groove (38) is provided in the recess (36), and in that a guide rail (42) is provided on the cutterhead part, which is adapted to the sliding groove (38).

5. A refuse separator according to claim 4, characterized in that the telescopic rod (41) is rotatably connected to the cutterhead assembly.

6. A refuse separator according to claim 4, characterized in that said telescopic rod (41) is hinged to said cutterhead member, and said screen plate member is hinged to the two adjacent screens (34) of said screen plate member which are able to close said first passage.

7. A garbage separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking mechanism comprises a rack (61), a gear (62), a connecting rod (63) and a handle (64), a third passage is provided on the sidewall of the barrel (1), a fourth passage and a fifth passage are provided on the baffle (34), the rack (61) is disposed in the fourth passage, the gear (62) is disposed in the fifth passage and engaged with the rack (61), the rack (61) can be extended into the third passage or retracted into the fourth passage under the driving of the gear (62), the connecting rod (63) is disposed coaxially with the gear (62), and the other end of the connecting rod extends out of the baffle (34) through the fifth passage and is connected with the handle (64).

8. A refuse separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the receptacle (1) has a second opening, and the bottom of the receptacle (1) is provided with a movable flap which can open or close the second opening.

9. A rubbish separation system, includes above arbitrary one rubbish separator, its characterized in that still includes sprays mechanism and separating mechanism, wherein:

the spraying mechanism comprises a spray head (7) which is arranged in the barrel body and positioned at the top of the sieve plate;

the separation mechanism comprises a grit chamber (8), stirring blades (52), an underwater conveyor, a salvaging mechanism and a solid-liquid separator; the grit chamber (8) is arranged at the bottom of the second opening of the barrel body (1); the connecting shaft (51) is a first electric telescopic rod and can extend into the grit chamber (8) through the second opening, and the stirring blade (52) is arranged at the tail end of the connecting shaft (51) and used for stirring garbage in the grit chamber (8); the underwater conveyor can convey the garbage at the bottom of the grit chamber to the outside of the grit chamber; the fishing mechanism comprises a second electric telescopic rod (81), a third electric telescopic rod (82) and a screen (83), the second electric telescopic rod (81) is arranged on two sides of one side wall of the grit chamber (8), the fixed end of the third electric telescopic rod (82) is hinged with the movable end of the second electric telescopic rod (81), and the screen (83) is arranged on the side wall of the third electric telescopic rod (82) and used for fishing suspended particles with the diameter larger than 5mm in the grit chamber; the solid-liquid separator (9) is arranged outside the grit chamber (8) and can perform solid-liquid separation on the liquid in the grit chamber (8).

10. The refuse separation system according to claim 9, wherein the solid-liquid separator (9) is further connected to an oil-water separator (91) capable of separating oil from water in the liquid discharged from the solid-liquid separator (9).