CN112676304B

CN112676304B - Lump soil and garbage mixture screening construction method

Info

Publication number: CN112676304B
Application number: CN202011424557.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘剑; 孙家乐; 叶长春; 黄靖; 曹寅
Original assignee: Shanghai Jinlu Construction Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Jinlu Construction Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-08
Filing date: 2020-12-08
Publication date: 2022-07-29
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-08
Also published as: CN112676304A

Abstract

The application relates to a screening construction method for a lump soil and garbage mixture, which comprises the following steps: placing pretreatment equipment on site, scattering and screening the soil and garbage mixture excavated on site, at least screening out large-particle-size stones, paint buckets, metal blocks and other large-particle-size sundries, and directly and manually screening the large particles on site; conveying other garbage mixtures to a garbage temporary storage area of a transfer site; and conveying the garbage mixture in the temporary garbage storage area to a screening device of a garbage treatment station for screening treatment. This application has and has reduced the cost that the material made a round trip to transport by a wide margin, has also avoided the damage of bigger stone to the screening equipment that originally only was used for rubbish screening, has still reduced the interference that soil was collected to rubbish, the effectual effect that reduces the reuse clearance cost of landfill.

Description

Lump soil and garbage mixture screening construction method

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of land construction, in particular to a screening construction method for a lump soil and garbage mixture.

Background

The garbage disposal method widely adopted at home at present mainly comprises sanitary landfill, incineration and composting. China establishes standard landfill sites from the late stage of the 20 th century and the 80 th year, the landfill sites are greatly improved compared with the initial landfill sites (irregular landfill sites), and corresponding control measures are taken for pollution of landfill leachate and landfill gas in the design; in the aspect of construction management, partition landfill, layered compaction, regular soil covering and the like are carried out. The sanitary landfill method has the advantages of large treatment capacity, strong adaptability, one-time treatment, no residue, convenient management and reasonable operation cost, so the method becomes a main means for treating urban solid wastes in China. By pressing the data of the Ministry of construction, 73% of domestic garbage in China is treated by landfill as of 2011.

However, as urbanization in china progresses, old landfills and some irregular landfills that were located in the suburbs in the past are now gradually becoming located in major urban areas. The new garbage sorting technology is also innovated, so far, a method for classifying and treating garbage in an environment-friendly way is provided, and therefore, once garbage landfill sites, particularly irregular landfill sites, need to clean and reuse land.

In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventor believes that for a non-regular landfill site, the following situations are frequently existed, 1, classification of garbage is rough and even classification is not performed, 2, the site uncertainty of the garbage landfill is high, and one landfill site can be divided into multiple times and landfilled at multiple points. The above two points all cause the complex soil layer composition of the landfill and the wide landfill occupation. This soil is in the in-process of multiplexing clearance, and earth, stone, all kinds of rubbish mix to be mingled together, are difficult to effectual distinguishing, need unify to carry and clear up to rubbish classification processing station, and the clearance is with high costs.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to reduce the reuse and cleaning cost of the landfill, the application provides a screening construction method for a mixture of the lump soil and the garbage.

The application provides a lump soil and rubbish mixture screening construction method adopts following technical scheme:

a construction method for screening a mixture of lump soil and garbage comprises the following steps:

s1, carrying out on-site pretreatment and transportation, placing a pretreatment device on the site, scattering and screening the mixture of the soil blocks and the garbage excavated on the site, at least screening out large-particle-size impurities with the particle size larger than 10cm, and directly carrying out manual screening on the large-particle-size impurities on the site; conveying other garbage mixtures to a garbage temporary storage area of a transfer site;

and step S2, conveying the garbage mixture in the temporary garbage storage area to a screening device of the garbage treatment station for screening treatment.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, some light matters are broken up the piece soil to certain extent like the plastic bag and together are sieved away along with the piece soil after, and the stone of great particle diameter in the piece soil, metal support body etc. because of unable through screening hole, will be in the process of constantly sieving and breaking up and separate with piece soil gradually, because of the big particle diameter screening thing that wherein sieves out generally with the stone many, the manual work is easier with stone and other debris separation, and the stone is very easy to be cleaned, can also be applied to the site operation and backfill, also consequently, the cost of material round trip transportation has been reduced by a wide margin, the damage that has only been used for the screening equipment of rubbish screening to the refuse disposal station to more large-scale stone has also been avoided, consequently, the multiplexing cost of clearing up of effectual reduction landfill.

Optionally, step S2 and the following steps include the following steps:

step S2, feeding and screening, namely pouring the garbage mixture into a chain plate type feeding system to convey and guide materials, and then conveying the materials to a manual sorting platform through a belt conveyor;

step S3, a manual sorting platform sorts out toxic and harmful substances mixed in the heavy objects on the conveyer belt through manual sorting, and enters magnetic separation after screening;

step S5, primary coarse screening, screening out oversize products and undersize products from the mixed garbage through a drum screen, and conveying the oversize products into air separation screening equipment for separating inorganic aggregate from light materials; the oversize and undersize of the drum sieve are respectively provided with a permanent magnet iron remover to recover small pieces of magnetic metal which are carried in the garbage and cannot be magnetically separated at the front end;

step S4, magnetic separation is carried out, and waste batteries and metal fragments in the waste batteries and the metal fragments are removed;

step S5, primary coarse screening, screening out oversize products and undersize products from the mixed garbage through a drum screen, and conveying the oversize products into air separation screening equipment for separating inorganic aggregate from light materials;

step S6, secondary fine screening, namely, performing secondary fine screening through a bounce sorting machine, and further screening small light matters in undersize matters generated by a coarse screening system into undersize matters and oversize matters;

and S7, winnowing, wherein oversize materials enter a winnowing machine through a conveyer belt, and the winnowing machine is used for sieving small inorganic aggregates and small light inorganic aggregates.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the artifical back of sorting out poisonous and harmful substance, can reduce the pollution of soil to a certain extent, and subsequent multistage classification can make clod and rubbish obtain abundant screening to be applied to different application occasions with different screening thing, the abundant utilization ratio that improves rubbish and earth.

Optionally, the mixture sieved in step S1 is divided into three grades: a. b, impurities with large particle size, and a mixture with small particle size; c. a mixture of intermediate particle sizes between a and b; for the screened materials of the grades b and c, conveying the screened materials to a temporary storage area of the garbage in a transfer site by adopting a transport vehicle, directly carrying out manual screening on the screened materials a after the screened materials are screened in the current pretreatment area or opening a square on the site, and carrying out screening after the screened materials a are conveyed to the square by the transport vehicle; for the screen c to go to step S2 for screening, screen b goes directly to step 4 in a different channel before merging with the original screen c in step 5.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the mixture of small particle size generally includes fine sand, loose earth, screw etc., separate it, can make subsequent manual sorting's interference factor littleer, thereby sieve harmful substance more easily, and carry out metal sorting to b class screening thing also mainly is in order to get rid of metal or heavy metal material wherein, pollute groundwater source after avoiding backfilling, screening thing b, c walk different magnetic separation passageway and can make screening between them easier, avoid the secondary mixing and produce the cover, and under the condition of cylinder screening, because mixed earth and lightweight aggregate are sieved very easily, can be under the condition of guaranteeing screening efficiency with same drum sieve, the utilization ratio of effectual improvement screening equipment.

Optionally, the method further comprises a step S8 of processing the screened material; A. after being packed by a packing machine, the screened light objects are transported to a storage area stacking place by using loading equipment, stacked in order, covered by using a cover net for preventing the light objects from floating, made with corresponding fireproof measures, and subsequently sent to a waste incineration power plant for realizing continuous and stable incineration; B. after separation treatment, the humus soil with the particle size smaller than 20mm is rapidly detected on site, the contaminated humus soil is repaired, the inorganic aggregate with the particle size larger than 20mm is temporarily stacked on site by using a transport tool, and the inorganic aggregate is cleaned to remove the contamination and then is recycled on site.

By adopting the technical scheme, the screening materials are fully recycled according to the characteristics of the screening materials, and the backfilled or recycled soil must be subjected to decontamination treatment so as to ensure that the pollution problem caused during the landfill period is eliminated.

Optionally, the pretreatment device comprises a rack with traveling wheels, the rack is sequentially provided with a feeding mechanism for lifting ground materials to the upper part of the rack from the head to the tail, a collecting hopper for receiving the materials of the feeding mechanism, a roller for screening the materials, and a first feeding mechanism for feeding away the screened materials of the roller, wherein an outlet of the collecting hopper is communicated to an inlet of the roller, and an outlet of the roller corresponds to the first feeding mechanism; and a second feeding mechanism for conveying the undersize of the roller is arranged on the side part of the rack, a support is fixed at the top of the rack, and the feeding mechanism is hinged with the support and can be turned up to the top of the rack.

By adopting the technical scheme, the material loading can be directly carried out by taking the ground as a starting point, so that the field excavation and transportation can be not limited to a long-arm excavator, some excavating or conveying machines with limited height can also carry out the transportation, the whole transportation efficiency is greatly improved, the screening treatment of the subsequent roller has better continuity, and when the whole equipment needs to be transferred due to the hinged structure of the material loading mechanism, the material loading mechanism can be upturned to the top of the rack, and the head can be connected with other engineering machines with power to achieve the effect of the transfer.

Optionally, the feeding mechanism includes a chain plate conveyor and a feeding hopper, first hinged plates are arranged on two sides of the feeding hopper, second hinged plates are hinged to two sides of one end, away from the support, of the chain plate conveyor, and the first hinged plates and the second hinged plates are hinged to each other and combined to a maximum length enough to enable the feeding hopper to turn over and bypass the end portion of the chain plate conveyor.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, feeder hopper upset design makes chain slat conveyor when upset to frame top, and the feeder hopper can overturn to the one side that chain slat conveyor kept away from the frame to make chain slat conveyor can basically be with the top parallel and level of frame, holistic support is more even.

Optionally, a first hydraulic cylinder, a first winch and a first telescopic rod driven by hydraulic pressure are arranged at the top of the frame, the first winch is located on one side, away from the support, of the first telescopic rod, the first telescopic rod is vertically fixed to the frame, a pulley is fixed to the top of the first winch, and a rope of the first winch bypasses the pulley and is fixed to the side wall of the chain plate type conveyor; the cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the top of the rack, a piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to a sliding block, sliding rails matched with the sliding block and sliding are fixed on two sides of the chain plate conveyor, and when the chain plate conveyor is turned to be in a vertical state, the maximum length of the first hydraulic cylinder is enough to push the sliding block to the end, far away from the rack, of the sliding rail.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the tip of chain slat conveyor was towards the ground, mainly overturn by first hoist engine and promote, when chain slat conveyor is the more than the level state of turning up, promote by the upset of first hoist engine and first pneumatic cylinder combined action, when chain slat conveyor is vertical to the state of turning down, first pneumatic cylinder can be with the slider propelling movement slider to the end of keeping away from the frame of slide rail, support the decline by first pneumatic cylinder, realize the automatic upset of chain slat conveyor with this cooperation through first hoist engine and first pneumatic cylinder.

Optionally, all sides of feeder hopper articulate there is the polylith that surrounds all sides of feeder hopper to turn over the board, and is a plurality of turn over the spacing ear that the top after the board expansion is fixed with, adjacent limit ear of turning over the board wears to be equipped with the gag lever post jointly.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the automatic feeding device is used, a pit is dug on the ground in advance, the end part of the chain plate type conveyor falls into the pit, the turning plate is unfolded and supported on the ground, the feeding hopper can be suspended above the conveying surface of the chain plate type conveyor, and the connection of the limiting rod and the limiting lug can ensure that the turning plate is kept in a stable unfolding state.

Optionally, the first feeding mechanism is hinged to the lower portion of the side face of the rack, a second winch is arranged on the position, corresponding to the first feeding mechanism, of the rack, and a rope of the second winch is fixed to the side wall of the first feeding mechanism.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the first feeding mechanism's of pulling of second hoist engine upset range can be adjusted, makes it keep in suitable angle, also can accomodate it.

Optionally, a locking plate is fixed to the side wall of the first feeding mechanism, a limiting hole through which a limiting lug of the turnover plate passes is formed in the locking plate, a pin seat is formed in the locking plate, a pin shaft which is in inserting fit with the lug hole of the limiting lug penetrates through the pin seat, a guide inclined surface is arranged on one side, facing the locking plate, of the pin shaft, the pin shaft is a stepped shaft, a small-diameter shaft portion of the pin shaft penetrates through the pin seat, an anti-falling end head is welded to the end portion of the pin shaft, and a spring is connected between the stepped end face of the pin shaft and the pin seat.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when accomodating, chain slat conveyor upset to frame top, the feed opening of feeder hopper towards first feeding mechanism, will turn over the board upset to first feeding mechanism's both sides, makes spacing ear pass spacing hole, and spacing ear is crowded to be opened the round pin axle and finally is spacing by the round pin axle under the effect of spring simultaneously to reach chain slat conveyor and the mutual spacing effect of first feeding mechanism.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

the on-site digging mixture is pretreated through the movable pretreatment device, the screening materials are subjected to multistage different treatment modes, the cost of material back and forth transportation is greatly reduced, damage to screening equipment which is originally only used for screening garbage by large-sized stones is avoided, interference of soil to garbage sorting is reduced, and the reuse and cleaning cost of the landfill is effectively reduced.

The ground can be directly used as a starting point for feeding, the efficiency of on-site excavation and transportation is improved, and particularly, when slope foundation construction is carried out, soil layers can be quickly separated and ground feeding points can be pushed.

Make preprocessing device can be very convenient accomodate removal and adjustment through multiple folding rolling structure.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of the construction method of the present embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an expanded configuration view of the pretreatment device of the present embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a structural view of the charging mechanism of the present embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the drum and the feeding mechanism of the present embodiment.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of fig. 4 at a of the present embodiment.

Fig. 6 is an internal structural view of the drum of the present embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a folding configuration diagram of the pretreatment device of the present embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a connection relationship diagram of the turning plate and the first feeding mechanism of the embodiment.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a frame; 11. a support; 12. a first hydraulic cylinder; 121. a slider; 13. a first winch; 14. a first telescopic rod; 15. a pulley; 16. a base; 17. a grooved wheel; 18. a motor; 181. a gear;

2. a collection hopper;

3. a feeding mechanism; 31. a chain slat conveyor; 311. a slide rail; 32. a feed hopper; 33. a first hinge plate; 34. a second hinge plate; 35. turning over a plate; 36. a limiting rod; 37. a limiting lug;

4. a drum; 41. a support ring; 42. a ring gear; 43. a filtration pore; 44. a first rib; 45. a second rib; 46. a filter tank;

5. a first feeding mechanism; 51. a first receiving hopper; 52. a locking plate; 521. a limiting hole; 53. a pin boss; 54. a pin shaft; 55. an anti-drop end head; 56. a spring;

6. a second feeding mechanism; 61. a first screen hopper; 62. a second screen hopper; 63. a second hoist; 64. and (4) chain locking.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-8.

The embodiment of the application discloses a screening construction method for a lump soil and garbage mixture. Referring to fig. 1, a construction method for screening a mixture of clod soil and garbage includes the following steps:

step S1, site pretreatment and transportation, wherein the site is divided into a plurality of treatment areas, a transferable pretreatment device is used for transferring the mixture of the soil blocks and the garbage excavated on the site to a treatment area excavated firstly, the mixture is primarily screened, the screened mixture is divided into three grades, a, large-particle-size stone blocks, paint buckets, metal blocks and other large-particle-size sundries, wherein the size of the large particle size is defined according to the actual construction requirement, and generally the particle size exceeds 10 cm; b. fine sand, loose soil, screws and other small-particle-size mixtures, wherein the small particle size generally means that the particle size is less than 2 cm; c. irregular mixtures of medium particle size between a and b or flakes, bars, etc.; and for the screened materials of the grades b and c, the screened materials are conveyed to a transfer site garbage temporary storage area by adopting a transport vehicle, the screened materials a are directly subjected to manual screening after being screened in the current treatment area, or a square is opened up on the spot, and the screened materials are conveyed to the square by the transport vehicle and then screened.

And step S2, feeding and screening, namely conveying the mixed garbage stored in the garbage temporary storage area of the transfer site to screening equipment of a garbage treatment station by using a loader for the screened objects c, pouring the mixed garbage into a chain plate type feeding system to convey and guide the mixed garbage, and conveying the mixed garbage to a manual sorting platform by using a belt conveyor.

And step S3, a manual sorting platform sorts out toxic and harmful substances such as waste electronic products, waste lamp tubes, waste daily chemicals and the like mixed in the heavy objects on the conveyer belt through manual sorting, and enters magnetic separation after screening.

And S4, magnetic separation, wherein the screened material b and the screened material c enter a magnetic separation channel respectively, and waste batteries and metal fragments in the screened material b and the screened material c are removed.

And step S5, primary coarse screening, mixing the screened materials b and c after magnetic separation, screening out oversize materials and undersize materials from the mixed garbage through a drum screen, and conveying the oversize materials into air separation screening equipment to separate inorganic aggregate from light materials.

And S6, secondary fine screening, wherein undersize products generated by the primary coarse screening often contain small-sized plastics and inorganic aggregates, secondary fine screening is performed through a bounce sorting machine, small light materials in the undersize products generated by the coarse screening system are further screened into undersize products and oversize products, the undersize products mainly comprise humus soil, the oversize products mainly comprise small inorganic aggregates and small light materials, and the oversize products enter an air separation screening device for air separation.

And step S7, winnowing, wherein the oversize product enters a winnowing bin of a winnowing machine through a conveyer belt, and the winnowing machine is used for sieving small inorganic aggregate and small light inorganic aggregate, wherein the conveyer belt for conveying the light material is in a closed state, so that secondary pollution caused by dust raising and splashing is prevented.

Step S8, processing of screening materials; A. after the screened light objects are packaged by a packaging machine, the screened light objects are transported to a storage area stacking place by using loading equipment, are stacked orderly, are covered by using a cover net for preventing flying, are provided with corresponding fireproof measures, and are subsequently sent to a waste incineration power plant to realize continuous and stable incineration.

B. After separation treatment, the humus soil with the particle size smaller than 20mm is rapidly detected on site, the contaminated humus soil is repaired, the inorganic aggregate with the particle size larger than 20mm is temporarily stacked on site by using a transport tool, and the inorganic aggregate is cleaned to remove the contamination and then is recycled on site.

Referring to fig. 2, the pretreatment device comprises a frame 1 with traveling wheels, the frame 1 is sequentially provided with a feeding mechanism 3, a collecting hopper 2, a roller 4 and a first feeding mechanism 5 from the head to the tail, and different screening areas corresponding to the roller 4 on two sides of the frame 1 are respectively connected with a second feeding mechanism 6; when the automatic soil-blocking and garbage-screening machine is used, a mixture of soil blocks and garbage on the ground is lifted to the collecting hopper 2 through the feeding mechanism 3, the outlet of the collecting hopper 2 corresponds to the inlet of the roller 4, the mixture is gathered to the roller 4 to be rotationally screened, different blanking generated in different screening areas of the roller 4 is respectively sent out through the two feeding mechanisms, and large-particle-size sundries which are not screened out are sent out through the first feeding mechanism 5 at the outlet of the roller 4.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the feeding mechanism 3 includes a slat conveyor 31 and a feeding hopper 32, a first hinge plate 33 is hinged to both sides of the feeding hopper 32, a second hinge plate 34 is hinged to both sides of the slat conveyor 31, and the first hinge plate 33 and the second hinge plate 34 are hinged to each other and combined to a maximum length sufficient for the feeding hopper 32 to turn around the end of the slat conveyor 31. The periphery of the feed hopper 32 is hinged with a plurality of turning plates 35 surrounding the periphery of the feed hopper 32, the number of the turning plates 35 is three in the embodiment, the top surfaces of the plurality of turning plates 35 after being unfolded are fixed with limiting lugs 37, and the limiting lugs 37 of the adjacent turning plates 35 are provided with limiting rods 36 in a penetrating mode. When the chain plate conveyor 31 is used, a pit can be dug in the ground in advance, then the feed hopper 32 is arranged on the chain plate conveyor 31, the chain plate conveyor 31 is placed in the pit, the bottom of the turning plate 35 is supported on the ground, the outlet of the feed hopper 32 is opposite to the conveying surface of the chain plate conveyor 31, and the bottom of the chain plate conveyor 31 can be supported at the pit bottom of the pit by a frame body carried by the chain plate conveyor 31.

A bracket 11 is fixed at the top of the head of the frame 1, and two sides of one end of the chain plate conveyor 31 far away from the feed hopper 32 are hinged with the bracket 11, and the distance between the hinged point and the top of the frame 1 is enough to prevent the chain plate conveyor 31 from interfering in the process of turning over from the ground to the top of the frame 1. The top of frame 1 is equipped with two first pneumatic cylinders 12, two first hoists 13 and two first telescopic links 14 with hydraulic drive, and a first hoist 13, a first pneumatic cylinder 12 and a first telescopic link 14 are a set of, and two sets of being located the orbital both sides of chain slat conveyor 31 upset respectively. The first winch 13 is located on one side, far away from the support 11, of the first telescopic rod 14, the first telescopic rod 14 is vertically fixed to the rack 1, a pulley 15 is fixed to the top of the first telescopic rod, and a rope of the first winch 13 is fixed to the side wall of the chain plate type conveyor 31 by bypassing the pulley 15. The cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder 12 is hinged to the top of the frame 1, the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 12 is hinged to a sliding block 121, sliding rails 311 matched with the sliding block 121 are fixed to two sides of the chain plate type conveyor 31, and the first hydraulic cylinder 12 is closer to the overturning path of the chain plate type conveyor 31 relative to the first telescopic rod 14 and the first winch 13. When the end of the slat conveyor 31 faces the ground, the first winch 13 is mainly used for overturning and lifting, when the slat conveyor 31 is in an upturning state above the horizontal level, the first winch 13 and the first hydraulic cylinder 12 are used for overturning and lifting under the combined action, and when the slat conveyor 31 is in a vertical state to an upturning state, the first hydraulic cylinder 12 can push the slider 121 to the end of the slide rail 311 away from the rack 1, and the slider 121 is supported and lowered by the first hydraulic cylinder 12.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, a cavity for mounting the collecting hopper 2 and the drum 4 is provided on the inner side of the frame 1, a plurality of bases 16 are fixed in the cavity, in this embodiment, four bases 16 are distributed on two sides of the drum 4 as a group, and sheaves 17 are provided on the bases 16. At least two support rings 41 are distributed on the circumference of the roller 4 along the axial direction, in this embodiment, the support rings 41 are embedded in the wheel grooves of the sheave 17, and are rotatably supported by the sheave 17, and the roller 4 is slightly inclined with the end far away from the collecting hopper 2 as the lowest point, and the inclination of the roller 4 to the horizontal plane is generally 5 °. An annular gear ring 42 is fixed on the peripheral side wall of one end of the roller 4 close to the collecting hopper 2, a motor 18 is arranged at a corresponding position in the cavity of the frame 1, a gear 181 meshed with the gear ring 42 is fixed on an output shaft of the motor 18, and when the torque requirement is high, the motor 18 can be connected with the gear 181 through a speed reducer.

Referring to fig. 4 and 6, the drum 4 is divided into a first filtering area and a second filtering area sequentially from the position close to the collecting hopper 2 to the position far away from the collecting hopper 2, filtering holes 43 penetrate through the surface of the drum 4 in the first filtering area, and first ribs 44 distributed obliquely to the axis of the drum 4 are fixed on the inner wall of the drum; soil blocks entering the roller 4 are scattered by collision of the first convex ribs 44, the scattered soil and particles are filtered out of the filtering holes 43, a first screening hopper 61 fixed on the rack 1 is arranged below the first filtering area, and an outlet of the first screening hopper 61 is communicated to one of the second feeding mechanisms 6 positioned on the side wall of the rack 1.

The inner wall of the drum 4 in the second filtering area is alternately distributed with second ribs 45 and elongated filtering grooves 46 along the circumferential direction, the length direction of the second ribs 45 is parallel to the length direction of the filtering grooves 46, and the filtering grooves 46 penetrate through the side wall of the drum 4. The second filter tank 46 is used to filter out most of the clods and smaller volumes of waste, leaving only large volumes of waste and most of the lumpy stones. A second material receiving hopper 62 fixed on the frame 1 is arranged below the second filtering area, and the outlet of the second material receiving hopper 62 is communicated with the other second feeding mechanism 6 positioned on the side wall of the frame 1.

A first material receiving hopper 51 fixed on the frame 1 is arranged below one end of the roller 4 far away from the material collecting hopper 2, and the outlet of the first material receiving hopper 51 is communicated to the first feeding mechanism 5.

Referring to fig. 2 and 7, the first feeding mechanism 5 and the second feeding mechanism 6 are both belt conveyors and are hinged to the lower portion of the side surface of the frame 1, the frame 1 is provided with second winches 63 at positions corresponding to the first feeding mechanism 5 and the second feeding mechanism 6, for example, the first feeding mechanism 5, and cables of the second winches 63 are fixed to the side walls of the first feeding mechanism 5.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, a locking plate 52 is fixed on a side wall of the first feeding mechanism 5, a limiting hole 521 for the limiting lug 37 of the turnover plate 35 to pass through is formed in the locking plate 52, a pin seat 53 is formed in the locking plate 52, a pin 54 in insertion fit with the lug hole of the limiting lug 37 is formed in the pin seat 53, a guide inclined surface is formed on one side of the pin 54 facing the locking plate 52, and the limiting lug 37 firstly contacts with the guide inclined surface to extrude the pin 54 after passing through the lug hole. The pin shaft 54 is a stepped shaft, the small-diameter shaft part of the pin shaft 54 penetrates through the pin seat 53 and is welded with an anti-drop end head 55 at the end part, and a spring 56 is connected between the stepped end surface of the pin shaft 54 and the pin seat 53. During storage, the chain slat conveyor 31 is turned to the top of the frame 1, the feeding opening of the feeding hopper 32 faces the first feeding mechanism 5, the turning plate 35 is turned to two sides of the first feeding mechanism 5, the limiting lug 37 penetrates through the limiting hole 521, and the limiting lug 37 extrudes the pin shaft 54 and is finally limited by the pin shaft 54.

Two sides of the second feeding mechanism 6 are provided with a chain 64, and the chain 64 is buckled on the chain plate type conveyor 31 which is turned over to the top of the frame 1.

After the one processing area is processed in step S1, the slat conveyor 31 may be turned over to the top of the frame 1 by the first winch 13 and the first hydraulic rod, and the top of the frame 1 may also have a supporting portion that is equal to the hinge point of the bracket 11. The first feeding mechanism and the second feeding mechanism 6 are turned upwards to lean against the side wall of the frame 1 and are respectively fixed with the chain plate type conveyor 31. The head of the frame 1 is then assembled and docked with a working vehicle on site and then pulled or pushed to another treatment area. The assembly butt joint can adopt any butt joint mode among vehicles, such as traction belt buckling traction, pushing after forklift butt joint and the like.

After the pretreatment device reaches the position, the limitation of the chain 64 and the pin shaft 54 can be manually released, and the first feeding mechanism and the second feeding mechanism 6 are turned down to proper slopes through the second winch 63; the feeding mechanism 3 is turned outwards to a proper position by the cooperation of the first hydraulic cylinder 12 and the first winch 13.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A screening construction method for a lump soil and garbage mixture is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, carrying out on-site pretreatment and transportation, placing a pretreatment device (10) on the site, dividing the site into a plurality of treatment areas, transferring the transferable pretreatment device (10) to the treatment area which is firstly excavated, scattering and screening the mixture of the soil blocks and the garbage which are excavated on the site, at least screening out the impurities with large particle size larger than 10cm, and directly carrying out manual screening on the impurities with large particle size on the site; conveying other garbage mixtures to a garbage temporary storage area of a transfer site;

the pretreatment device (10) comprises a rack (1) with traveling wheels, a feeding mechanism (3) for lifting ground materials to the upper part of the rack (1), a collecting hopper (2) for receiving the materials of the feeding mechanism (3), a roller (4) for screening the materials and a first feeding mechanism (5) for feeding away the screened materials of the roller (4) are sequentially arranged on the rack (1) from the head part to the tail part, wherein an outlet of the collecting hopper (2) is communicated to an inlet of the roller (4), and an outlet of the roller (4) corresponds to the first feeding mechanism (5); a second feeding mechanism (6) for feeding the undersize of the roller (4) is arranged on the side of the rack (1), a support (11) is fixed on the top of the rack (1), and the feeding mechanism (3) is hinged with the support (11) and can be turned up to the top of the rack (1);

step S2 and the following steps, conveying the garbage mixture in the temporary storage area to a screening device of a garbage treatment station for screening treatment; after the earthwork and garbage mixture corresponding to one processing area is processed in the step S1, the feeding mechanism (3) can be turned to the top of the rack (1), and the top of the rack (1) is also provided with a supporting part with the same height as the hinged point of the bracket (11); the first feeding mechanism (5) and the second feeding mechanism (6) are turned upwards to lean against the side wall of the rack (1); then assembling and butting the head of the frame (1) with a field engineering vehicle, and then drawing or pushing the frame to another processing area;

the feeding mechanism (3) comprises a chain plate type conveyor (31) and a feeding hopper (32), wherein two sides of the feeding hopper (32) are hinged with a first hinged plate (33), two sides of the chain plate type conveyor (31) are hinged with a second hinged plate (34), and the first hinged plate (33) and the second hinged plate (34) are hinged with each other and have the maximum combined length enough to enable the feeding hopper (32) to roll over and bypass the end part of the chain plate type conveyor (31); a plurality of turning plates (35) surrounding the periphery of the feed hopper (32) are hinged on the periphery of the feed hopper (32), when the chain plate conveyor is used, a pit can be dug in the ground in advance, then the feed hopper (32) is arranged on the chain plate conveyor (31) relatively, the chain plate conveyor (31) is placed in the pit, the bottom of the turning plate (35) is supported on the ground, the outlet of the feed hopper (32) is opposite to the conveying surface of the chain plate conveyor (31), the side wall of the first feeding mechanism (5) is fixedly provided with a locking plate (52), the locking plate (52) is provided with a limiting hole (521) for a limiting lug (37) of the turning plate (35) to penetrate through, the locking plate (52) is provided with a pin seat (53), the pin seat (53) is provided with a pin shaft (54) which is in inserted connection and matched with the lug hole of the limiting lug (37), one side of the pin shaft (54) facing the locking plate (52) is provided with a guide inclined surface, and the limiting lug (37) firstly contacts with the guide inclined surface to extrude the pin shaft (54) after penetrating through the lug hole; the pin shaft (54) is a stepped shaft, the small-diameter shaft part of the pin shaft (54) penetrates through the pin seat (53) and is welded with an anti-dropping end head (55) at the end part, and a spring (56) is connected between the stepped end surface of the pin shaft (54) and the pin seat (53); during storage, the chain slat conveyor (31) is turned to the top of the rack (1), the feeding opening of the feeding hopper (32) faces the first feeding mechanism (5) and turns the turning plate (35) to the two sides of the first feeding mechanism (5) to enable the limiting lugs (37) to penetrate through the limiting holes (521), and the limiting lugs (37) extrude the pin shafts (54) and are finally limited by the pin shafts (54).

2. The method for screening and constructing the mixture of the lump soil and the garbage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step S2 and the following steps include the steps of:

3. The method for screening and constructing the mixture of the lump soil and the garbage according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mixture sieved in step S1 is divided into three grades: a. b, impurities with large particle size, and a mixture with small particle size; c. a mixture of intermediate particle sizes between a and b; for the screened materials of the grades b and c, conveying the screened materials to a temporary storage area of the garbage in a transfer site by adopting a transport vehicle, directly carrying out manual screening on the screened materials a after the screened materials are screened in the current pretreatment area or opening a square on the site, and carrying out screening after the screened materials a are conveyed to the square by the transport vehicle; for the screen c to go to step S2 for screening, screen b goes directly to step 4 in a different channel before merging with the original screen c in step 5.

4. The method for screening and constructing a soil and garbage mixture as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method also comprises the step S8 of processing the screened materials; A. after being packed by a packing machine, the screened light objects are transported to a storage area stacking place by using loading equipment, stacked in order, covered by using a cover net for preventing the light objects from floating, made with corresponding fireproof measures, and subsequently sent to a waste incineration power plant for realizing continuous and stable incineration; B. after separation treatment, the humus soil with the particle size smaller than 20mm is rapidly detected on site, the contaminated humus soil is repaired, the inorganic aggregate with the particle size larger than 20mm is temporarily stacked on site by using a transport tool, and the inorganic aggregate is cleaned to remove the contamination and then is recycled on site.

5. The method for screening and constructing the mixture of the lump soil and the garbage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the top of the rack (1) is provided with a first hydraulic cylinder (12), a first winch (13) and a first telescopic rod (14) driven by hydraulic pressure, the first winch (13) is located on one side, away from the support (11), of the first telescopic rod (14), the first telescopic rod (14) is vertically fixed to the rack (1), a pulley (15) is fixed to the top of the first winch (14), and a rope of the first winch (13) bypasses the pulley (15) and is fixed to the side wall of the chain plate type conveyor (31); the cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder (12) is hinged to the top of the rack (1), a piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (12) is hinged to a sliding block (121), sliding rails (311) matched with the sliding block (121) and sliding are fixed on two sides of the chain plate conveyor (31), and when the chain plate conveyor (31) is turned to be in a vertical state, the maximum length of the first hydraulic cylinder (12) is enough to enable the sliding block (121) to be pushed to the end, far away from the rack (1), of the sliding rail (311).

6. The method for screening and constructing the mixture of the lump soil and the garbage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the first feeding mechanism (5) is hinged to the lower portion of the side face of the rack (1), a second winch (63) is arranged on the position, corresponding to the first feeding mechanism (5), of the rack (1), and a rope of the second winch (63) is fixed to the side wall of the first feeding mechanism (5).