CN113615413A - Grafting seedling method for potted seedlings of dwarf magnolia variegata - Google Patents
Grafting seedling method for potted seedlings of dwarf magnolia variegata Download PDFInfo
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- CN113615413A CN113615413A CN202111039008.5A CN202111039008A CN113615413A CN 113615413 A CN113615413 A CN 113615413A CN 202111039008 A CN202111039008 A CN 202111039008A CN 113615413 A CN113615413 A CN 113615413A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a grafting seedling method of potted seedlings of dwarf magnolia variegata, which comprises the following steps: selecting rootstock strips: selecting magnolia liliiflora to obtain stock wood strips through cutting, layering or splitting; selecting scions: cutting the scions from strong and disease and pest free magnolia trees which grow for 15 years or more, and selecting 1-2 years old and strong plump buds; selecting a potting culture medium: crushing straw, laterite, compost soil and fly ash, sieving and preparing a mixture according to a corresponding volume ratio; adding active microorganisms for fermentation to serve as a potting culture medium; cutting; grafting: grafting the scion with the stock strip in a bud grafting manner, continuously cultivating after grafting is finished, and enhancing water and fertilizer management to promote branching; and (5) transplanting. The method of the invention has scientific and reasonable design, is beneficial to realizing commercialization and marketization of the magnolia flower pot culture, drives local farmers to produce forestry products with high added value, and improves the economic income level of the forestry products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flowers, in particular to a grafting seedling method of potted seedlings of dwarf magnolia variegata.
Background
The magnolia subgenus plants are a typical low carbon garden variety. The magnolia denudata tree seedling growing method has the advantages of rapid growth (arbor type), long service life, small pruning amount and less plant diseases and insect pests, and the magnolia denudata is used in gardens, so that not only can a perfect and long-acting landscape effect be obtained, but also the garden maintenance cost is greatly reduced. The flower is fragrant, the released fragrant smell can refresh the body and mind of people, calm the brain, calm the nerves, relax the nerves and relieve fatigue, and can attract bees to draw butterflies, so that the landscape is rich and vivid, and the ornamental effect is increased. Therefore, the magnolia can be cultivated in gardens, and the landscape and ecological benefits are extremely high. With the increasing growth of material and cultural life, people have more and more demand on small potted seedlings which can be appreciated by families, but most of potted plants are concentrated on grass flowers, small shrubs and the like throughout the potting market of China, and magnolia is widely applied to domestic garden landscapes but is almost in a blank state in the application of potted plants.
The dwarfing close planting is a planting method for dwarfing trees to reduce the crown width and expand the planting density, and properly used, can achieve the effects of blooming and fruiting in advance, improving the yield, enhancing the quality and facilitating the management. The following purposes can be achieved by dwarfing and close planting the magnolia denudata: dwarfing the tree body, reducing the crown width and expanding the planting density; the branching is promoted, the tree shape is controlled, the flowering parts are increased, and the ventilation and light transmission conditions are improved; the growth period is shortened, and the flower is advanced; is convenient for fertilizing, deinsectization management and is beneficial to harvest. The general purpose is to improve the yield per unit area, control the quality and improve the benefit.
The magnolia potted plant cultivated by the traditional method has the problems of low survival rate, high cultivation cost and poor potted plant quality, and needs to be optimized and improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provides a grafting seedling method for potted seedlings of dwarf magnolia variegata.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a grafting seedling method for potted seedlings of dwarf magnolia variegata comprises the following steps:
1) selecting rootstock strips:
selecting magnolia liliiflora to obtain stock wood strips through cutting, layering or splitting;
2) selecting scions:
cutting the scions from strong and disease and pest free magnolia trees which grow for 15 years or more, and selecting 1-2 years old and strong plump buds;
3) selecting a potting culture medium:
crushing straw, laterite, compost soil and fly ash, sieving and preparing a mixture according to a corresponding volume ratio; adding 3-5% of active microorganism by mass into the mixture, stacking, and fermenting at a certain temperature for a period of time to obtain a mixed fermented product; placing the mixed fermentation product in a potting container to be used as a potting culture medium;
4) cuttage: cutting in 7-8 months, taking the selected stock wood, soaking the lower part of the stock wood in the sterilized rooting solution for 0.5-1 minute, inserting the stock wood into a potting culture medium, and placing a potting container outdoors; spraying 3000ppm dwarfing twice at the first germination after the survival of the cutting seedlings, wherein the interval time of each time is 4-5 days; in the middle ten days of 9 months, picking off the first new bud growing from the top of the cutting seedling to inhibit the top dominance and promote the generation of lateral bud, and spraying 3000ppm dwarfing element once after pinching;
5) grafting: grafting is carried out in 10 middle ten days of the month, a potted plant container is moved into a rainproof greenhouse, the temperature and the relative humidity in the greenhouse are controlled, 1-3 scions are grafted with the stock strips in a bud grafting mode, cultivation is continued after grafting is finished, water and fertilizer management is enhanced, and branching is promoted;
6) transplanting: and when the magnolia seedlings in the pot culture container are cultivated to 50cm, the transplanting standard is achieved, and the magnolia seedlings are transplanted into an independent pot culture container.
Further, according to the grafting seedling method for dwarfing the potted seedling of the magnolia multiflora variety, in the step 1), the length of the rootstock strips is controlled to be 10-15 cm.
Further, according to the grafting seedling raising method for the potted seedlings of the dwarf magnolia variegata variety, in the step 3), the volume ratio of the ground straw, the red soil, the compost soil and the fly ash is 8-10:6-8:2-4: 1-3.
Further, in the grafting seedling method for dwarfing the potted magnolia variegata seedling, in the step 3), the strips are piled and fermented for 20 to 40 days at the temperature of between 60 and 65 ℃.
Further, according to the grafting seedling method for dwarfing the potted seedling of the magnolia multiflora variety, in the step 4), 2-3 rootstock strips are inserted into a potting culture substrate in a potting container with the depth of 2-3 cm and the caliber of 20-22 cm.
Further, in the grafting seedling method for dwarfing the potted magnolia variegata seedling, in the step 5), the effective component of the dwarfing agent is 2-chloro-9-hydroxy-fluorene-9-methyl formate, and the content is 50%.
Further, in the grafting seedling method of the potted seedling of the dwarfing magnolia denudata variety, in the step 5), the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be 22-25 ℃, and the relative humidity is controlled to be 70-80%.
Further, in the grafting seedling raising method for dwarfing potted magnolia variegata seedlings, in the step 5), if the number of branches is more than 4 after the primary branches are mature, cutting off extra-strong or extra-weak branches, timely wiping off secondary young tips drawn out from the primary branches, and applying fertilizer to promote branching.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the grafting seedling method of the dwarfing magnolia multiflora variety pot culture seedling not easy to cause environmental pollution provided by the invention has the advantages of high survival rate, low culture cost and good pot culture dwarfing effect, is beneficial to realizing commercialization and marketization of magnolia multiflora pot culture, drives local farmers to produce high-added-value forestry products, and improves the economic income level of the local farmers.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product that embodies the invention to achieve all of the above advantages simultaneously.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A grafting seedling method for potted seedlings of dwarf magnolia variegata comprises the following steps:
1) selecting rootstock strips:
selecting magnolia liliiflora to obtain stock wood strips through transplanting, layering or splitting, wherein the length of the stock wood strips is controlled to be 10-15 cm;
2) selecting scions:
cutting the scions from strong and disease and pest free magnolia trees which grow for 15 years or more, and selecting 1-2 years old and strong plump buds;
3) selecting a potting culture medium:
crushing the raw materials of the straw, the laterite, the compost soil and the fly ash, and sieving to prepare a mixture according to the volume ratio of the crushed raw materials of the straw, the laterite, the compost soil and the fly ash of 8-10:6-8:2-4: 1-3; adding 3-5% active microorganism into the mixture, stacking, and fermenting at 60-65 deg.C for 20-40 days to obtain mixed fermented product; placing the mixed fermentation product in a potting container to be used as a potting culture medium;
4) cuttage: cutting in 7-8 months, taking the selected stock wood, soaking the lower part of the stock wood in the sterilized rooting solution for 0.5-1 minute, inserting the stock wood into a potting culture medium, and placing a potting container outdoors; inserting 2-3 rootstock strips into a pot culture container with the depth of 2-3 cm and the caliber of 20-22 cm into the pot culture substrate;
spraying 3000ppm dwarfing twice at the first germination after the survival of the cutting seedlings, wherein the interval time of each time is 4-5 days; in the middle ten days of 9 months, picking off the first new bud growing from the top of the cutting seedling to inhibit the top dominance and promote the generation of lateral bud, and spraying 3000ppm dwarfing element once after pinching; the active ingredient of the dwarfing agent is 2-chloro-9-hydroxy-fluorene-9-methyl formate, and the content is 50 percent;
5) grafting: grafting in 10-ten-days of the middle of the month, transferring the potted plant container to a rainproof greenhouse, controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 22-25 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 70-80%, grafting 1-3 scions with the stock strips in a bud grafting manner, continuing to cultivate after grafting is finished, and enhancing water and fertilizer management to promote branching; if more than 4 branches are obtained after the first-level branches are mature, cutting off extra-strong or extra-weak branches, timely wiping off secondary tender tips drawn out from the first-level branches, and applying fertilizer to promote branching;
6) transplanting: and when the magnolia seedlings in the pot culture container are cultivated to 50cm, the transplanting standard is achieved, and the magnolia seedlings are transplanted into an independent pot culture container.
The following embodiments are relevant to the present invention:
example 1
1) Selecting rootstock strips:
selecting magnolia liliiflora to obtain stock wood strips through transplanting, layering or splitting, wherein the length of the stock wood strips is controlled to be 10-15 cm;
2) selecting scions:
cutting the scions from strong and disease and pest free magnolia trees which grow for 15 years or more, and selecting 1-2 years old and strong plump buds;
3) selecting a potting culture medium:
crushing the straw, the laterite, the compost soil and the fly ash, and sieving to prepare a mixture according to the volume ratio of the crushed straw, the laterite, the compost soil and the fly ash of 9:7:3: 2; adding active microorganisms accounting for 4% of the mass of the mixture, stacking the mixture, and fermenting the mixture at 63 ℃ for 30 days to obtain a mixed fermented product; placing the mixed fermentation product in a potting container to be used as a potting culture medium;
4) cuttage: cutting in 7-8 months, taking the selected stock wood, soaking the lower part of the stock wood in the sterilized rooting solution for 40s, inserting the stock wood into a potted plant culture medium, and placing a potted plant container outdoors; the depth of the stock strips inserted into the potted plant cultivation matrix is 2 cm, and 2 stock strips are inserted into a potted plant container with the aperture of 21 cm;
spraying 3000ppm dwarfing twice at the first germination after the survival of the cutting seedlings, wherein the interval time of each time is 4 days; in the middle ten days of 9 months, picking off the first new bud growing from the top of the cutting seedling to inhibit the top dominance and promote the generation of lateral bud, and spraying 3000ppm dwarfing element once after pinching; the active ingredient of the dwarfing agent is 2-chloro-9-hydroxy-fluorene-9-methyl formate, and the content is 50 percent;
5) grafting: grafting in 10-month middle ten days, transferring the potted plant container to a rainproof greenhouse, controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 23 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 75%, grafting 2 scions with the stock strips in a bud grafting manner, continuing to cultivate after grafting is finished, and enhancing water and fertilizer management to promote branching; if more than 4 branches are obtained after the first-level branches are mature, cutting off extra-strong or extra-weak branches, timely wiping off secondary tender tips drawn out from the first-level branches, and applying fertilizer to promote branching;
6) transplanting: and when the magnolia seedlings in the pot culture container are cultivated to 50cm, the transplanting standard is achieved, and the magnolia seedlings are transplanted into an independent pot culture container.
Example 2
A grafting seedling method for potted seedlings of dwarf magnolia variegata comprises the following steps:
1) selecting rootstock strips:
selecting magnolia liliiflora to obtain stock strips through cutting, layering or splitting, wherein the length of the stock strips is controlled to be 12 cm;
2) selecting scions:
cutting the scions from strong and disease and pest free magnolia trees which grow for 15 years or more, and selecting 1-2 years old and strong plump buds;
3) selecting a potting culture medium:
crushing the straw, the laterite, the compost soil and the fly ash, and sieving to prepare a mixture according to the volume ratio of the crushed straw, the laterite, the compost soil and the fly ash of 8:8:2: 3; adding 3% active microorganism by mass into the mixture, stacking, and fermenting at 60 deg.C for 40 days to obtain mixed fermented product; placing the mixed fermentation product in a potting container to be used as a potting culture medium;
4) cuttage: cutting in 7-8 months, taking the selected stock wood, soaking the lower part of the stock wood in the sterilized rooting solution for 0.5 minute, inserting the stock wood into a potting culture medium, and placing a potting container outdoors; the depth of the stock strips inserted into the potted plant cultivation matrix is 2 cm, and 2 stock strips are inserted into a 22 cm-caliber potted plant container;
spraying 3000ppm dwarfing twice at the first germination after the survival of the cutting seedlings, wherein the interval time of each time is 4 days; in the middle ten days of 9 months, picking off the first new bud growing from the top of the cutting seedling to inhibit the top dominance and promote the generation of lateral bud, and spraying 3000ppm dwarfing element once after pinching; the active ingredient of the dwarfing agent is 2-chloro-9-hydroxy-fluorene-9-methyl formate, and the content is 50 percent;
5) grafting: grafting in 10-month middle ten days, transferring the potted plant container to a rainproof greenhouse, controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 22 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 80%, grafting 2 scions with the stock strips in a bud grafting manner, continuing to cultivate after grafting is finished, and enhancing water and fertilizer management to promote branching; if more than 4 branches are obtained after the first-level branches are mature, cutting off extra-strong or extra-weak branches, timely wiping off secondary tender tips drawn out from the first-level branches, and applying fertilizer to promote branching;
6) transplanting: and when the magnolia seedlings in the pot culture container are cultivated to 50cm, the transplanting standard is achieved, and the magnolia seedlings are transplanted into an independent pot culture container.
Example 3
A grafting seedling method for potted seedlings of dwarf magnolia variegata comprises the following steps:
1) selecting rootstock strips:
selecting magnolia liliiflora to obtain stock wood strips through transplanting, layering or splitting, wherein the length of the stock wood strips is controlled to be 10 cm;
2) selecting scions:
cutting the scions from strong and disease and pest free magnolia trees which grow for 15 years or more, and selecting 1-2 years old and strong plump buds;
3) selecting a potting culture medium:
crushing the straw, the laterite, the compost soil and the fly ash, and sieving to prepare a mixture according to the volume ratio of the crushed straw, the laterite, the compost soil and the fly ash of 10:6:4: 1; adding 5% active microorganism by mass into the mixture, stacking, and fermenting at 65 deg.C for 20 days to obtain mixed fermented product; placing the mixed fermentation product in a potting container to be used as a potting culture medium;
4) cuttage: cutting in 7-8 months, taking the selected stock wood, soaking the lower part of the stock wood in the sterilized rooting solution for 1 minute, inserting the stock wood into a potting culture medium, and placing a potting container outdoors; the depth of the stock strips inserted into the potted plant cultivation matrix is 3 cm, and 2 stock strips are inserted into a potted plant container with the caliber of 20 cm;
spraying 3000ppm dwarfing twice at the first germination after the survival of the cutting seedlings, wherein the interval time of each time is 5 days; in the middle ten days of 9 months, picking off the first new bud growing from the top of the cutting seedling to inhibit the top dominance and promote the generation of lateral bud, and spraying 3000ppm dwarfing element once after pinching; the active ingredient of the dwarfing agent is 2-chloro-9-hydroxy-fluorene-9-methyl formate, and the content is 50 percent;
5) grafting: grafting in 10-month middle ten days, transferring the potted plant container to a rainproof greenhouse, controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 25 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 70%, grafting 2 scions with the stock strips in a bud grafting manner, continuing to cultivate after grafting is finished, and enhancing water and fertilizer management to promote branching; if more than 4 branches are obtained after the first-level branches are mature, cutting off extra-strong or extra-weak branches, timely wiping off secondary tender tips drawn out from the first-level branches, and applying fertilizer to promote branching;
6) transplanting: and when the magnolia seedlings in the pot culture container are cultivated to 50cm, the transplanting standard is achieved, and the magnolia seedlings are transplanted into an independent pot culture container.
Comparative example
The magnolia variegata is cultivated in a conventional field.
Examples 1-3 and comparative examples (two plants were grown each), the height data after two years of growth are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
The height of the grafted magnolia seedlings is only 1.1-1.3m after two years, which is about 50% of the height of a control plant, and the problem of cultivation of potted plants of dwarf magnolia variegata is solved.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A grafting seedling method of potted seedlings of dwarf magnolia variegata is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting rootstock strips:
selecting magnolia liliiflora to obtain stock wood strips through cutting, layering or splitting;
2) selecting scions:
cutting the scions from strong and disease and pest free magnolia trees which grow for 15 years or more, and selecting 1-2 years old and strong plump buds;
3) selecting a potting culture medium:
crushing straw, laterite, compost soil and fly ash, sieving and preparing a mixture according to a corresponding volume ratio; adding 3-5% of active microorganism by mass into the mixture, stacking, and fermenting at a certain temperature for a period of time to obtain a mixed fermented product; placing the mixed fermentation product in a potting container to be used as a potting culture medium;
4) cuttage: cutting in 7-8 months, taking the selected stock wood, soaking the lower part of the stock wood in the sterilized rooting solution for 0.5-1 minute, inserting the stock wood into a potting culture medium, and placing a potting container outdoors; spraying 3000ppm dwarfing twice at the first germination after the survival of the cutting seedlings, wherein the interval time of each time is 4-5 days; in the middle ten days of 9 months, picking off the first new bud growing from the top of the cutting seedling to inhibit the top dominance and promote the generation of lateral bud, and spraying 3000ppm dwarfing element once after pinching;
5) grafting: grafting is carried out in 10 middle ten days of the month, a potted plant container is moved into a rainproof greenhouse, the temperature and the relative humidity in the greenhouse are controlled, 1-3 scions are grafted with the stock strips in a bud grafting mode, cultivation is continued after grafting is finished, water and fertilizer management is enhanced, and branching is promoted;
6) transplanting: and when the magnolia seedlings in the pot culture container are cultivated to 50cm, the transplanting standard is achieved, and the magnolia seedlings are transplanted into an independent pot culture container.
2. The grafting seedling method of potted seedlings of dwarfing magnolia multiflora variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1), the length of the rootstock strips is controlled to be 10-15 cm.
3. The grafting seedling method of potted seedlings of dwarfing magnolia multiflora variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 3), the volume ratio of the crushed straw, the laterite, the compost soil and the pulverized fuel ash is 8-10:6-8:2-4: 1-3.
4. The grafting seedling method of potted seedlings of dwarfing magnolia multiflora variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 3), fermenting for 20-40 days at 60-65 ℃ after stacking.
5. The grafting seedling method of potted seedlings of dwarfing magnolia multiflora variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 4), 2-3 rootstock wood strips are inserted into a pot culture container with the depth of the rootstock strips inserted into the pot culture substrate being 2-3 cm and the caliber of 20-22 cm.
6. The grafting seedling method of potted seedlings of dwarfing magnolia multiflora variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 5), the active ingredient of the dwarfing agent is 2-chloro-9-hydroxy-fluorene-9-methyl formate, and the content is 50%.
7. The grafting seedling method of potted seedlings of dwarfing magnolia multiflora variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 5), the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be 22-25 ℃, and the relative humidity is controlled to be 70-80%.
8. The grafting seedling method of potted seedlings of dwarfing magnolia multiflora variety according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 5), if the number of the branches is more than 4 after the primary branches are mature, cutting off extra strong or extra weak branches, timely wiping off secondary young tips drawn out from the primary branches, and applying fertilizers to promote branching.
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| KR102555625B1 (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2023-07-18 | 디와이엠 주식회사 | Chinese hackberry planting method |
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| CN105210787A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-01-06 | 宜宾云辰乔木园林有限责任公司 | The method for stunting of a kind of potted plant purple yu-lan (Magnolia liliflora) |
| CN106278631A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-01-04 | 安庆市宝风农业发展有限公司 | A kind of Flos micheliae Albae growing nursery and culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
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| KR102555625B1 (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2023-07-18 | 디와이엠 주식회사 | Chinese hackberry planting method |
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