CN113530573A - Long-detection-short-detection-grouting combined water prevention and control method based on water inflow classification - Google Patents
Long-detection-short-detection-grouting combined water prevention and control method based on water inflow classification Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 28
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 claims description 3
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a long detection-short detection-grouting combined water control method based on water inflow classification, which comprises the following steps of: 1) divide into I, II two categories according to the size of the tunnel working face volume of gushing water: 2) judging the class of the water inflow amount of the roadway working surface, and if the class of the water inflow amount of the roadway working surface belongs to the class I, entering the step 3); if the test result belongs to the class II, entering the step 4); 3) adopting long-detection-short-detection water hole grouting and tunneling roadway construction; 4) adopting long-detection water hole grouting and tunneling roadway construction; 5) and (5) grouting reinforcement construction. The invention divides the water inflow amount into two types aiming at the water inflow condition of the working face of the tunnel, covers the construction method adopted by the working face of the tunnel from large to small, breaks through the limitation of a single construction water plugging process, meets the urgent need of a sudden comprehensive water inflow treatment scheme in the field of tunnel excavation construction, and has the advantages of safety, reliability, short construction period, practicability and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine construction, in particular to a long-exploration-short-exploration-grouting combined water prevention and control method based on water inflow classification.
Background
Along with the increase of the mining depth and the mining range, the stress state of the original rock and the rock mass in the nearby area is changed due to the mining activity, so that the stability of the surrounding rock is affected, the water inflow of a mine is increased, and the water inflow phenomenon of a roof is caused. The water burst in the mine seriously threatens the safe production of the underground engineering construction of the mine. According to statistics, about 80% of major safety accidents in underground engineering construction are caused by water burst geological disasters and improper disposal, so that very disastrous personal casualties and economic losses are brought, and water burst accidents induced by various unfavorable geological structures and engineering disturbance functions become bottleneck problems restricting the development of underground engineering construction of mines.
Mine tunnel construction flood is the most main factor influencing construction progress and quality, different construction methods are adopted according to different lithology (such as wide distribution of deep gravel pebble aquifers, large thickness, strong water permeability and water richness) and different water inflow quantities, and due to the complexity of hydrogeological conditions and the limitation of a grouting water shutoff construction technology, if a single water exploration mode is adopted for tunnel excavation construction, the requirement of tunnel water prevention and control is difficult to meet, the construction water inflow quantity water shutoff effect is not obvious, the construction period is prolonged, and serious economic loss is caused, so that how to accurately, safely and effectively carry out water exploration water shutoff construction is extremely important. In order to save the construction cost, the construction methods adopted aiming at different water inflow amounts are different, and how to adopt a practical and efficient method for preventing and treating water in the tunneling roadway, which is safe, reliable and short in construction period is a major engineering problem to be solved in mine construction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a long-detection-short-detection-grouting combined water control method based on water inflow classification, which is simple in construction, safe and reliable.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows: a long detection-short detection-grouting combined water control method based on water inflow classification comprises the following steps:
1) divide into I, II two categories according to the size of the tunnel working face volume of gushing water:
the two categories are specifically:
i: the water inflow of the roadway working face is more than or equal to 15m3/h；
II: the water inflow of the roadway working surface is less than 15m3/h；
2) Judging the class of the water inflow amount of the roadway working surface, and if the class of the water inflow amount of the roadway working surface belongs to the class I, entering the step 3); if the test result belongs to the class II, entering the step 4);
3) adopting long-detection-short-detection water hole grouting and tunneling roadway construction;
4) and (5) adopting long-detection water hole grouting and tunneling roadway construction.
The water prevention and control method based on the combination of long detection, short detection and grouting based on water inflow classification comprises the following specific steps of 3):
3-1) chiseling exposed rocks on a working face of a roadway, selecting five parts of an axial front part, a left side wall, a right side wall, a top plate and a bottom plate of the roadway by using a down-the-hole drill according to construction conditions and water burst conditions, respectively drilling water detection holes with the length of 50m, the diameter of 120mm and the horizontal slope angle of 6 degrees, wherein the depth of the long-detected water detection holes is 50m, the allowable excavation depth is 45m, the control range of the left side wall and the right side wall of the roadway are respectively 20m, the top plate and the bottom plate of the roadway are respectively 15m, and a secondary water detection safety barrier is reserved and has the value of 5 m;
3-2) judging the water inflow amount of the working surface, if the water inflow amount exceeds 15m3H, plugging water by adopting a mode of detecting water and grouting at the same time, so that the water inflow of a working surface is lower than 15m3H, if the water inflow after grouting is still more than 15m3When the water inflow is less than 15m, a grouting hole is additionally arranged in front of the working face until the water inflow is less than 15m3/h；
3-3) adopting short probe water to carry out roadway excavation, wherein the control range is 5m in front of the roadway, the left side wall and the right side wall of the roadway are respectively 3.0m, and the top plate and the bottom plate of the roadway are respectively 2.5 m; the length of the short-detection water detection hole is 5m, the allowable tunneling distance is 3m, and if the water inflow is less than 10m3When the water inflow is more than 10m, the roadway driving construction is continued, and if the water inflow is more than 10m3When the water per hour is over, adding grouting holes on the working surface of the roadway, grouting and water plugging are carried out until the water inflow is reduced to 10m3And stopping grouting below the/h, and recovering the tunneling construction of the roadway.
In the water prevention and control method based on the combination of long detection, short detection and grouting for water inflow classification, in the step 3-2), a manner of grouting and water shutoff is to install an orifice pipe; when the orifice pipe is installed, uniformly winding jute, installing a flange at the end part, and welding a steel pipe for connecting a grouting pipe, a high-pressure stop valve and a pressure gauge at a position 300mm away from the end part; and sealing the orifice pipe by using double slurries to perform grouting operation and water plugging.
In the above water prevention and control method based on combination of long detection, short detection and grouting of water inflow classification, in the step 3-3), the grouting and water plugging manner is as follows: and (5) installing a drill bit of the drilling machine to punch holes to 5m, installing a hole pipe, and performing grouting and water plugging.
According to the method for preventing and treating water in the tunneling roadway based on the combination of the long detection, the short detection and the grouting based on the water inflow classification, the step of grouting the tunneling roadway through the long detection water hole in the step 4) is constructed in the same way as the steps 3-1) and 3-2), and then grouting and water plugging are carried out on the long detection water hole.
In the water prevention and control method based on the combination of long detection, short detection and grouting based on water inflow classification, in the step 3) and the step 4), 425# common portland cement is used as a grouting material, the concentration of water glass is 40Be, and the modulus is 3.0; the volume ratio of the cement slurry to the water glass slurry is 1: 0.5-0.8; the initial concentration of the cement paste water-cement ratio is 2: 1.
The long detection-short detection-grouting combined water prevention and control method based on water inflow classification further comprises the following steps of 5):
5-1) selecting grouting equipment, namely arranging a grouting station 5m away from a working surface, and installing a 2TGZ60/210 type high-pressure grouting pump in the grouting station;
5-2) grouting mode and grouting hole arrangement: grouting and water plugging are carried out by adopting a roadway sectional advancing type grouting mode, the length of a grouting section is 50m, virtual slag on the face of a tunnel is cleaned, guide holes and grouting holes are arranged, water detecting holes are arranged according to the crack grade and the section size, and the hole diameter is
The hole depth is 5 m;
5-3) selecting and arranging the number of grouting holes: 6 fan-shaped radial grouting holes are distributed at the outer edge of the roadway, and the hole spacing and the row spacing are 1.48-2.0 m;
5-4) determining the grouting material: 425# ordinary portland cement is used as a grouting material, the concentration of water glass is 40Be, and the modulus is 3.0; the volume ratio of the cement slurry to the water glass slurry is 1: 0.5-0.8; the initial concentration of the cement paste water-cement ratio is 2: 1;
5-5) determining the grouting pressure: initial grouting pressure Pa＝Po+(0.3～0.5)MPa，PoIs hydrostatic pressure, normal pressure Pb＝Po0.5 to 0.8 MPa, final pressure Pc＝2PoMPa；
5-6) slurry injection amount: roughly calculating the slurry injection amount V according to the diffusion radius and the rock fracture rate, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
a-slurry consumption coefficient; r is the slurry diffusion radius; h-is the grouting section height; eta-rock fracture rate; beta-slurry fill factor; m is the calculus rate;
5-7) finishing grouting: and (4) the grouting pressure reaches the designed final pressure value, the injection amount is less than 50-60L/min, the stability is carried out for more than 20 minutes, and the grouting is finished.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention divides the water inflow amount into two types aiming at the water inflow condition of the working face of the tunnel, covers the construction method adopted by the working face of the tunnel from large to small, breaks through the limitation of a single construction water plugging process, meets the urgent need of a sudden comprehensive water inflow treatment scheme in the field of tunnel excavation construction, and has the advantages of safety, reliability, short construction period, practicability and high efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an upward section of a ramp of a roadway.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of water detecting and distributing holes on an ascending section of a roadway slope ramp.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of water detecting and hole distributing of an ascending section of a roadway slope ramp.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of radial grouting of the fan-shaped holes.
In the figure: 1. the drilling method comprises the following steps of 1# drilling, 2# drilling, 3# drilling, 4# drilling, 5# drilling, 6# drilling, 7# drilling, 8 # drilling, axial front of a roadway, 9 # drilling bottom plate, 10 # drilling left side wall, 11 # drilling right side wall, 12 # drilling top plate, 13 # grouting hole, 1# grouting hole, 14 # grouting hole, 2# grouting hole, 15 # grouting hole, 3# grouting hole, 16 # grouting hole, 4# grouting hole, 17 # grouting hole, 5# grouting hole, 18 # grouting hole, 6# grouting hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Taking roadway construction with the width of 4000mm and the height of 4270mm in a certain coal mine in Hebei as an example, as shown in figure 1, a long detection-short detection-grouting combined water prevention and control method based on water inflow classification comprises the following steps:
1) divide into I, II two categories according to the size of the tunnel working face volume of gushing water:
the two categories are specifically:
i: the water inflow of the roadway working face is more than or equal to 15m3/h；
II: the water inflow of the roadway working surface is less than 15m3/h。
2) Judging the class of the water inflow amount of the roadway working surface, and if the class of the water inflow amount of the roadway working surface belongs to the class I, entering the step 3); and if the test result belongs to the class II, entering the step 4).
3) And (3) adopting long-detection-short-detection water hole grouting and tunneling roadway construction, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4.
The step 3) comprises the following specific steps:
3-1) chiseling exposed rocks on a roadway working surface, selecting five parts of a roadway axial front 8, a roadway left side 10, a roadway right side 11, a roadway top plate 12 and a roadway bottom plate 9 by using a down-the-hole drill according to construction conditions and water burst conditions, respectively drilling water detection holes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 with the length of 50m, the diameter of 120mm and the horizontal slope angle of 6 degrees, wherein the number of the water detection holes is 7, the depth of the water detection holes for long detection is 50m, the allowable tunneling depth is 45m, the control range of the roadway left side and the roadway right side are respectively 20m, the depth of the roadway top plate and the roadway bottom plate are respectively 15m, and the value of a water detection safety barrier reserved for a time is 5 m.
3-2) judging the water inflow amount of the working surface, if the water inflow amount exceeds 15m3H, plugging water by adopting a mode of detecting water and grouting at the same time, so that the water inflow of a working surface is lower than 15m3H, if the water inflow after grouting is still more than 15m3When the water inflow is less than 15m, a grouting hole is additionally arranged in front of the working face until the water inflow is less than 15m3/h。
In the step 3-2), the manner of grouting and water plugging is to install an orifice pipe; when the orifice pipe is installed, uniformly winding jute, installing a flange at the end part, and welding a steel pipe for connecting a grouting pipe, a high-pressure stop valve and a pressure gauge at a position 300mm away from the end part; and sealing the orifice pipe by using double slurries to perform grouting operation and water plugging.
3-3) adopting short-probe water to carry out roadway excavation, wherein the control range is 5m in front of the roadway, the left side 10 and the right side 11 of the roadway are respectively 3.0m, and the top plate 12 and the bottom plate 9 of the roadway are respectively 2.5 m; the length of the short-detection water detection hole is 5m, the allowable tunneling distance is 3m, and if the water inflow is less than 10m3When the water inflow is more than 10m, the roadway driving construction is continued, and if the water inflow is more than 10m3When the water per hour is over, adding grouting holes on the working surface of the roadway, grouting and water plugging are carried out until the water inflow is reduced to 10m3And stopping grouting below the/h, and recovering the tunneling construction of the roadway.
In the step 3-3), the grouting water plugging mode is as follows: and (5) installing a drill bit of the drilling machine to punch holes to 5m, installing a hole pipe, and performing grouting and water plugging.
4) And (5) adopting long-detection water hole grouting and tunneling roadway construction.
And 4) carrying out construction in the same steps as 3-1) and 3-2) in the middle and long water detection hole grouting tunneling construction step, and then carrying out grouting and water plugging on the long water detection hole.
5) And (5) grouting reinforcement construction.
5-1) selecting grouting equipment, namely arranging a grouting station 5m away from a working surface, and installing a 2TGZ60/210 type high-pressure grouting pump in the grouting station;
5-2) grouting mode and grouting hole arrangement: grouting and water plugging are carried out by adopting a roadway sectional advancing type grouting mode, the length of a grouting section is 50m, virtual slag on the face of a tunnel is cleaned, guide holes and grouting holes are arranged, water detecting holes are arranged according to the crack grade and the section size, and the hole diameter is
(by using
Drilling by a drill bit, fixing a 1-inch pipe), and the hole depth is 5 m;
5-3) selecting and arranging the number of grouting holes: 6 fan-shaped radial grouting holes 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 are distributed at the outer edge of the roadway, and the hole spacing and the row spacing are 1.48-2.0 m;
5-4) determining the grouting material: 425# ordinary portland cement is used as a grouting material, the concentration of water glass is 40Be, and the modulus is 3.0; the volume ratio of the cement slurry to the water glass slurry is 1: 0.5-0.8; the initial concentration of the cement paste water-cement ratio is 2: 1;
5-5) determining the grouting pressure: initial grouting pressure Pa＝Po+(0.3～0.5)MPa，PoIs hydrostatic pressure, normal pressure Pb＝Po0.5 to 0.8 MPa, final pressure Pc＝2PoMPa；
5-6) slurry injection amount: roughly calculating the slurry injection amount V according to the diffusion radius and the rock fracture rate, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
a-slurry consumption coefficient, 1.5; r is the diffusion radius of the slurry, and 2m is taken; h-is the grouting section height; eta-rock fracture rate; beta-slurry filling coefficient, taking 0.85; m, calculus rate, taking 0.85;
5-7) finishing grouting: and (4) the grouting pressure reaches the designed final pressure value, the injection amount is less than 50-60L/min, the stability is carried out for more than 20 minutes, and the grouting is finished.
The invention divides the water inflow amount into two types aiming at the water inflow condition of the top plate of the tunnel, covers the construction method adopted by the working surface of the tunnel from large to small water inflow amount, breaks through the limitation of single construction water plugging process, meets the urgent need of a sudden comprehensive water inflow treatment scheme in the field of tunnel excavation construction, and has the advantages of safety, reliability, short construction period, practicability and high efficiency.
Claims (7)
1. A long detection-short detection-grouting combined water control method based on water inflow classification is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) divide into I, II two categories according to the size of the tunnel working face volume of gushing water:
the two categories are specifically:
i: the water inflow of the roadway working face is more than or equal to 15m3/h；
II: the water inflow of the roadway working surface is less than 15m3/h；
2) Judging the class of the water inflow amount of the roadway working surface, and if the class of the water inflow amount of the roadway working surface belongs to the class I, entering the step 3); if the test result belongs to the class II, entering the step 4);
3) adopting long-detection-short-detection water hole grouting and tunneling roadway construction;
4) and (5) adopting long-detection water hole grouting and tunneling roadway construction.
2. The water control method based on the combination of long detection, short detection and grouting of water inflow classification as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 3) comprises the following specific steps:
3-1) chiseling exposed rocks on a working face of a roadway, selecting five parts of an axial front part, a left side wall, a right side wall, a top plate and a bottom plate of the roadway by using a down-the-hole drill according to construction conditions and water burst conditions, respectively drilling water detection holes with the length of 50m, the diameter of 120mm and the horizontal slope angle of 6 degrees, wherein the depth of the long-detected water detection holes is 50m, the allowable excavation depth is 45m, the control range of the left side wall and the right side wall of the roadway are respectively 20m, the top plate and the bottom plate of the roadway are respectively 15m, and a secondary water detection safety barrier is reserved and has the value of 5 m;
3-2) judging the water inflow amount of the working surface, if the water inflow amount exceeds 15m3H, plugging water by adopting a mode of detecting water and grouting at the same time, so that the water inflow of a working surface is lower than 15m3H, if the water inflow after grouting is still more than 15m3When the water inflow is less than 15m, a grouting hole is additionally arranged in front of the working face until the water inflow is less than 15m3/h；
3-3) adopting short probe water to carry out roadway excavation, wherein the control range is 5m in front of the roadway, the left side wall and the right side wall of the roadway are respectively 3.0m, and the top plate and the bottom plate of the roadway are respectively 2.5 m; the length of the short-detection water detection hole is 5m, the allowable tunneling distance is 3m, and if the water inflow is less than 10m3When the water inflow is more than 10m, the roadway driving construction is continued, and if the water inflow is more than 10m3When the water per hour is over, adding grouting holes on the working surface of the roadway, grouting and water plugging are carried out until the water inflow is reduced to 10m3And stopping grouting below the/h, and recovering the tunneling construction of the roadway.
3. The water control method based on the combination of long detection, short detection and grouting of water inflow classification as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step 3-2), grouting and water plugging are performed by installing an orifice pipe; when the orifice pipe is installed, uniformly winding jute, installing a flange at the end part, and welding a steel pipe for connecting a grouting pipe, a high-pressure stop valve and a pressure gauge at a position 300mm away from the end part; and sealing the orifice pipe by using double slurries to perform grouting operation and water plugging.
4. The water control method based on the combination of long detection, short detection and grouting of water inflow classification as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step 3-3), the grouting and water plugging manner is as follows: and (5) installing a drill bit of the drilling machine to punch holes to 5m, installing a hole pipe, and performing grouting and water plugging.
5. The water control method based on the combination of the long detection, the short detection and the grouting of the water inflow classification as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step of the step 4) of grouting and tunneling the long detection water hole is constructed in the same way as the steps 3-1) and 3-2), and then grouting and water plugging are carried out on the long detection water hole.
6. The method for preventing and treating water by combining long detection, short detection and grouting based on water inflow classification as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3) and the step 4), 425# Portland cement is used as grouting material, the concentration of water glass is 40Be, and the modulus is 3.0; the volume ratio of the cement slurry to the water glass slurry is 1: 0.5-0.8; the initial concentration of the cement paste water-cement ratio is 2: 1.
7. The water control method based on the combination of long detection, short detection and grouting of water inflow classification as claimed in claim 2, characterized by further comprising the step 5 of grouting reinforcement construction:
5-1) selecting grouting equipment, namely arranging a grouting station 5m away from a working surface, and installing a 2TGZ60/210 type high-pressure grouting pump in the grouting station;
5-2) grouting mode and grouting hole arrangement: grouting and water plugging are carried out by adopting a roadway sectional advancing type grouting mode, the length of a grouting section is 50m, virtual slag on the face of a tunnel is cleaned, guide holes and grouting holes are arranged, water detecting holes are arranged according to the crack grade and the section size, and the hole diameter is
The hole depth is 5 m;
5-3) selecting and arranging the number of grouting holes: 6 fan-shaped radial grouting holes are distributed at the outer edge of the roadway, and the hole spacing and the row spacing are 1.48-2.0 m;
5-4) determining the grouting material: 425# ordinary portland cement is used as a grouting material, the concentration of water glass is 40Be, and the modulus is 3.0; the volume ratio of the cement slurry to the water glass slurry is 1: 0.5-0.8; the initial concentration of the cement paste water-cement ratio is 2: 1;
5-5) determining the grouting pressure: initial grouting pressure Pa＝Po+(0.3～0.5)MPa，PoHydrostatic pressure, normal pressureForce Pb＝Po0.5 to 0.8 MPa, final pressure Pc＝2PoMPa；
5-6) slurry injection amount: roughly calculating the slurry injection amount V according to the diffusion radius and the rock fracture rate, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
a-slurry consumption coefficient; r-slurry diffusion radius; h-is the grouting section height; eta-rock fracture rate; beta-slurry fill factor; m-calculus rate;
5-7) finishing grouting: and (4) the grouting pressure reaches the designed final pressure value, the injection amount is less than 50-60L/min, the stability is carried out for more than 20 minutes, and the grouting is finished.
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