CN113475625A - Sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113475625A CN113475625A CN202110765684.4A CN202110765684A CN113475625A CN 113475625 A CN113475625 A CN 113475625A CN 202110765684 A CN202110765684 A CN 202110765684A CN 113475625 A CN113475625 A CN 113475625A
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 241000193171 Clostridium butyricum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 244000079426 Cardamine hirsuta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 244000038280 herbivores Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000209149 Zea Species 0.000 claims 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 abstract description 20
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 abstract description 17
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- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 21
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- MUKYLHIZBOASDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[carbamimidoyl(methyl)amino]acetic acid 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid Chemical compound NC(=N)N(C)CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O MUKYLHIZBOASDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000032928 Dyslipidaemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010907 stover Substances 0.000 description 2
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- OBMBUODDCOAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-4-phenylquinoline Chemical compound C=12C=CC=CC2=NC(Cl)=CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 OBMBUODDCOAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000490499 Cardamine Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
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- Botany (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of feed preparation, in particular to a sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed and a preparation method and application thereof; the preparation raw materials of the selenium-rich fermented feed of sheep manure comprise the following components in parts by weight: 300 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 800 parts of silage straw, 10-80 parts of dry cardamine hirsute leaves, 2-10 parts of clostridium butyricum and 3-10 parts of lactic acid bacteria; the preparation method of the sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed comprises the steps of mixing dry and fresh sheep manure, silage straws, cardamine hirsute dry leaves, clostridium butyricum and lactic acid bacteria to prepare a mixture; placing the mixture into a fermentation container layer by layer, and compacting each layer of mixture; and (5) anaerobic fermentation. The selenium-rich fermented feed of sheep manure can be used for feeding herbivores. The sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed can be used for recycling sheep manure, improving the problem of diarrhea of weaned livestock eating the sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed, and enhancing the immunity of the livestock.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed preparation, in particular to a sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In animal husbandry, the utilization of sheep manure as a resource is less, and the livestock feed provided by the related art easily causes diarrhea in weaned livestock and makes it difficult to enhance the immunity of livestock.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed, and the preparation method and the application thereof, so that the sheep manure can be recycled, the problem of diarrhea of weaned livestock eating the sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed is solved, and the immunity of the livestock is enhanced.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed, which comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: 300 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 800 parts of silage straw, 10-80 parts of dry cardamine hirsute leaves, 2-10 parts of clostridium butyricum and 3-10 parts of lactic acid bacteria.
In an optional embodiment, the preparation raw materials of the selenium-enriched fermented feed comprise the following components in parts by weight: 230 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 650 parts of silage straw, 40-50 parts of dry cardamine hirsute leaves, 3-6 parts of clostridium butyricum and 5-8 parts of lactic acid bacteria.
In an optional embodiment, the preparation raw materials of the selenium-enriched fermented feed comprise the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 650 parts of silage straw, 50 parts of cardamine hirsute dry leaves, 4 parts of clostridium butyricum and 6 parts of lactic acid bacteria.
In an alternative embodiment, the ensiled stover is corn stover harvested from the mid-stage of maturity of the corn seed to the early stage of maturity of the wax.
In an alternative embodiment, the total selenium content of the dried leaves of cardamine gallnut is 500-5000 mg/kg.
In an alternative embodiment, the amount of Clostridium butyricum and lactic acid bacteria is between 30 and 50 hundred million cfu/g.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a selenium-enriched fermented sheep manure feed as described in any one of the previous embodiments, comprising:
mixing the dry and fresh sheep manure, the silage straws, the cardamine hirsute dry leaves, clostridium butyricum and lactic acid bacteria to prepare a mixture; placing the mixture into a fermentation container layer by layer, and compacting each layer of mixture; and (5) anaerobic fermentation.
In alternative embodiments, the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation is 20-45 ℃; and/or the humidity of the anaerobic fermentation is 60-70%.
In an optional embodiment, after the clostridium butyricum and the lactic acid bacteria are mixed, the dry and fresh sheep manure is added and mixed, and the silage straw and the cardamine hirsute dry leaves are added and mixed to prepare a mixture.
In a third aspect, the invention provides the application of the sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed in feeding herbivores, or the application of the sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed prepared by the preparation method of the sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed in feeding herbivores.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
the preparation raw materials of the selenium-rich fermented feed containing sheep manure provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise the following components in parts by weight: 300 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 800 parts of silage straw, 10-80 parts of dry cardamine hirsute leaves, 2-10 parts of clostridium butyricum and 3-10 parts of lactic acid bacteria. Therefore, the sheep manure is used as the raw material for preparing the fermented feed, so that the sheep manure is conveniently recycled, and the cardamine hirsute is added into the raw material, so that the selenium in the fermented feed can be increased, the problem of diarrhea of weaned livestock is further improved, and the immunity of the livestock is enhanced.
The preparation method of the selenium-rich fermented feed containing sheep manure provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: mixing the dry and fresh sheep manure, the silage straws, the cardamine hirsute dry leaves, clostridium butyricum and lactic acid bacteria to prepare a mixture; placing the mixture into a fermentation container layer by layer, and compacting each layer of mixture; and (5) anaerobic fermentation. Therefore, the sheep manure can be used as the raw material of the fermented feed, so that the sheep manure can be recycled, and the cardamine hirsute is added into the raw material, so that the selenium in the fermented feed can be increased, the problem of diarrhea of weaned livestock can be further improved, and the immunity of livestock can be enhanced.
The sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed or the sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed prepared by the preparation method is applied to feeding herbivores, can improve the problem of diarrhea of weaned livestock, and enhances the immunity of the livestock.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed, the preparation method and the application thereof of the present invention will be described in further detail below.
The preparation method of the selenium-rich fermented feed containing sheep manure comprises the following steps:
mixing the dry and fresh sheep manure, the silage straws, the cardamine hirsute dry leaves, clostridium butyricum and lactic acid bacteria to prepare a mixture; placing the mixture into a fermentation container layer by layer, and compacting each layer of mixture; and (5) anaerobic fermentation.
According to the preparation method of the selenium-rich fermented feed containing sheep manure, the sheep manure is used as a raw material, a new direction is provided for resource utilization of the sheep manure, and the problems of waste, random discharge and the like of the sheep manure are reduced; in addition, cardamine hirsute in the raw materials is rich in selenium, so that selenium in the fermented feed can be increased, the selenium is beneficial to improving obesity, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, and has the effect of recovering the steady state of blood glucose metabolism.
Further, the preparation method of the selenium-rich fermented feed containing sheep manure comprises the following steps:
drying and crushing fresh sheep manure; kneading the ensiled straws; drying fresh leaves of cardamine hirsute; mixing the dry and fresh sheep manure, the shredded silage straws, the cardamine hirsute leaves, the clostridium butyricum and the lactic acid bacteria, putting the mixture into a fermentation container, and performing anaerobic fermentation.
The fermentation container may be one of closed devices such as a fermentation tank, a silage silo, a fermentation vat, and the like, and is not particularly limited herein.
It should be noted that, putting the mixture into the fermentation container layer by layer, and compacting each layer of mixture may specifically be: the mixture is placed into a fermentation container with the thickness of 20-30cm and compacted, then the next layer of mixture with the thickness of 20-30cm is placed and compacted, and the rest is repeated, so that the reliable anaerobic fermentation can be ensured.
The raw materials can be mixed step by step to ensure the uniformity of mixing, and specifically, after the clostridium butyricum and the lactic acid bacteria are mixed, the dry and fresh sheep manure is added for mixing, and then the silage straw and the dry leaves of cardamine hirsute are added for mixing to prepare the mixture.
The temperature of the anaerobic fermentation of the present invention is 20-45 deg.C to ensure reliable fermentation and conversion.
The humidity of the anaerobic fermentation of the present invention is 60-70% to ensure reliable fermentation and conversion and to reduce the generation of harmful substances.
The anaerobic fermentation time of the present invention may be 15 to 20 days, and is not particularly limited herein.
The preparation raw materials of the selenium-rich fermented feed of sheep manure comprise the following components in parts by weight: 300 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 800 parts of silage straw, 10-80 parts of dry cardamine hirsute leaves, 2-10 parts of clostridium butyricum and 3-10 parts of lactic acid bacteria. The proper raw material proportion can improve the problem of diarrhea of weaned livestock on one hand, enhance the immunity of the livestock on the other hand and meet the basic growth and development requirements of the livestock on the other hand.
Further, the preparation raw materials of the selenium-enriched fermented feed comprise the following components in parts by weight: 230 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 650 parts of silage straw, 40-50 parts of dry cardamine hirsute leaves, 3-6 parts of clostridium butyricum and 5-8 parts of lactic acid bacteria; thus, the diarrhea can be improved, the immunity can be enhanced, and the basic growth and development requirements can be met.
And further, the preparation raw materials of the selenium-enriched fermented feed comprise the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 650 parts of silage straw, 50 parts of cardamine hirsute dry leaves, 4 parts of clostridium butyricum and 6 parts of lactic acid bacteria. Thus, the diarrhea problem of livestock can be reliably improved, the immunity can be enhanced, and the growth capacity of production can be improved.
The silage straws are harvested from the middle stage of milk maturity of the corn seeds to the early stage of wax maturity. The fresh yield of the silage corns in the middle stage of milk ripening is highest, the fresh yield and the protein content of the whole plant are reduced along with the improvement of grain filling and maturity, but the whole plant from the later stage of milk ripening to the early stage of wax ripening (namely, a quarter milk line) has higher dry matter and protein total amount, has the optimal water content suitable for silage, and has the lowest content of Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) and Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) and the highest digestibility after silage. The silage corns in the time period are high in nutrition, and the moisture content of the silage corns has the optimal fermentation condition.
The clostridium butyricum is clostridium butyricum powder, the lactic acid bacteria is lactic acid bacteria powder, and the bacterial count of the clostridium butyricum and the lactic acid bacteria is 30-50 hundred million cfu/g; in a preferred embodiment, the amount of bacterial species in the Clostridium butyricum powder and the Lactobacillus powder is up to 50 hundred million cfu/g. Thus, the reliability of the feed fermentation can be ensured.
The selenium content in the cardamine hirsute dry leaves is 500-5000 mg/kg; therefore, the prepared feed can effectively improve obesity, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, is beneficial to recovering the steady state of blood sugar metabolism, and improves the immunity and growth capacity of livestock.
The selenium-enriched fermented feed of sheep manure can be used for feeding various herbivorous animals, such as: and (5) sheep.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
Preparing materials, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 650 parts of silage corn straw, 50 parts of cardamine hirsute dry leaves, 4 parts of clostridium butyricum powder and 6 parts of lactobacillus powder. Wherein the total selenium content of the cardamine hirsute dry leaves is 5000 mg/kg; the bacterial strain amounts of clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus are 50 hundred million cfu/g; the silage corn stalks are the corn stalks harvested from the middle stage of the milk ripening of the corn seeds to the early stage of the wax ripening.
Mixing the above raw materials to obtain a mixture; specifically, after the clostridium butyricum powder and the lactobacillus powder are mixed, the dry and fresh sheep manure is added and mixed, and the silage corn straw and the cardamine hirsute dry leaves are added and mixed.
Placing the mixture into a fermentation container layer by layer, and compacting each layer of the mixture, wherein the thickness of each layer is 30 cm; anaerobic fermentation at 30 deg.c and humidity of 60%.
After fermentation, 20Kg of 2-month-old small rams are fed, 1.5Kg of each ram is fed every day, and 30 days of feeding is carried out, so that free drinking water is guaranteed.
Example 2
Preparing materials, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 500 parts of silage corn straw, 10 parts of cardamine hirsute dry leaves, 2 parts of clostridium butyricum powder and 3 parts of lactobacillus powder. Wherein the total selenium content of the cardamine hirsute dry leaves is 5000 mg/kg; the bacterial strain amounts of clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus are 50 hundred million cfu/g; the silage corn stalks are the corn stalks harvested from the middle stage of the milk ripening of the corn seeds to the early stage of the wax ripening.
Mixing the above raw materials to obtain a mixture; specifically, after the clostridium butyricum powder and the lactobacillus powder are mixed, the dry and fresh sheep manure is added and mixed, and the silage corn straw and the cardamine hirsute dry leaves are added and mixed.
Placing the mixture into a fermentation container layer by layer, and compacting each layer of the mixture, wherein the thickness of each layer is 30 cm; anaerobic fermentation at 30 deg.c and humidity of 60%.
After fermentation, 20Kg of 2-month-old small rams are fed, 1.5Kg of each ram is fed every day, and 30 days of feeding is carried out, so that free drinking water is guaranteed.
Example 3
Preparing materials, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 800 parts of silage corn straw, 80 parts of cardamine hirsute dry leaves, 5 parts of clostridium butyricum powder and 5 parts of lactobacillus powder. Wherein the total selenium content of the cardamine hirsute dry leaves is 5000 mg/kg; the bacterial strain amounts of clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus are 50 hundred million cfu/g; the silage corn stalks are the corn stalks harvested from the middle stage of the milk ripening of the corn seeds to the early stage of the wax ripening.
Mixing the above raw materials to obtain a mixture; specifically, after the clostridium butyricum powder and the lactobacillus powder are mixed, the dry and fresh sheep manure is added and mixed, and the silage corn straw and the cardamine hirsute dry leaves are added and mixed.
Placing the mixture into a fermentation container layer by layer, and compacting each layer of the mixture, wherein the thickness of each layer is 30 cm; anaerobic fermentation at 30 deg.c and humidity of 60%.
After fermentation, 20Kg of 2-month-old small rams are fed, 1.5Kg of each ram is fed every day, and 30 days of feeding is carried out, so that free drinking water is guaranteed.
Example 4
Preparing materials, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 300 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 700 parts of silage corn straw, 30 parts of cardamine hirsute dry leaves, 10 parts of clostridium butyricum powder and 10 parts of lactobacillus powder. Wherein the total selenium content of the cardamine hirsute dry leaves is 5000 mg/kg; the bacterial strain amounts of clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus are 50 hundred million cfu/g; the silage corn stalks are the corn stalks harvested from the middle stage of the milk ripening of the corn seeds to the early stage of the wax ripening.
Mixing the above raw materials to obtain a mixture; specifically, after the clostridium butyricum powder and the lactobacillus powder are mixed, the dry and fresh sheep manure is added and mixed, and the silage corn straw and the cardamine hirsute dry leaves are added and mixed.
Placing the mixture into a fermentation container layer by layer, and compacting each layer of the mixture, wherein the thickness of each layer is 30 cm; anaerobic fermentation at 30 deg.c and humidity of 60%.
After fermentation, 20Kg of 2-month-old small rams are fed, 1.5Kg of each ram is fed every day, and 30 days of feeding is carried out, so that free drinking water is guaranteed.
Example 5
Preparing materials, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 500 parts of silage corn straw, 30 parts of cardamine hirsute dry leaves, 3 parts of clostridium butyricum powder and 5 parts of lactobacillus powder. Wherein the total selenium content of the cardamine hirsute dry leaves is 500 mg/kg; the bacterial strain amounts of clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus are 30 hundred million cfu/g; the silage corn stalks are the corn stalks harvested from the middle stage of the milk ripening of the corn seeds to the early stage of the wax ripening.
Mixing the above raw materials to obtain a mixture; specifically, after the clostridium butyricum powder and the lactobacillus powder are mixed, the dry and fresh sheep manure is added and mixed, and the silage corn straw and the cardamine hirsute dry leaves are added and mixed.
Placing the mixture into a fermentation container layer by layer, and compacting each layer of the mixture, wherein the thickness of each layer is 20 cm; anaerobic fermentation at 20 deg.C and humidity of 70%.
Example 6
Preparing materials, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 180 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 600 parts of silage corn straw, 40 parts of cardamine hirsute dry leaves, 7 parts of clostridium butyricum powder and 7 parts of lactobacillus powder. Wherein the total selenium content of the cardamine hirsute dry leaves is 2000 mg/kg; the strain amount of clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus is 40 hundred million cfu/g; the silage corn stalks are the corn stalks harvested from the middle stage of the milk ripening of the corn seeds to the early stage of the wax ripening.
Mixing the above raw materials to obtain a mixture; specifically, after the clostridium butyricum powder and the lactobacillus powder are mixed, the dry and fresh sheep manure is added and mixed, and the silage corn straw and the cardamine hirsute dry leaves are added and mixed.
Placing the mixture into a fermentation container layer by layer, and compacting each layer of the mixture, wherein the thickness of each layer is 25 cm; anaerobic fermentation, wherein the fermentation temperature is 45 ℃ and the humidity is 65%.
Comparative example 1
The silage corn stalks are taken to feed 2-month-old rams which are 20Kg in average weight, 1.5Kg of each ram is fed every day, and 30 days of feeding are carried out, so that free drinking water is guaranteed.
Comparative example 2
The fermented feed comprises 300 parts of sheep manure, 600 parts of silage corn straw, 10 parts of clostridium butyricum powder and 10 parts of lactobacillus powder, the fermentation mode is similar to that of example 1, 2-month-old rams with the average weight of 20Kg are fed, each ram is fed with 1.5Kg every day and fed with 30 days, and free drinking water is guaranteed.
Comparative example 3
The fermented feed comprises 200 parts of sheep manure, 700 parts of silage corn straw, 10 parts of clostridium butyricum powder and 10 parts of lactobacillus powder, the fermentation mode is similar to that of example 1, 2-month-old rams which are all 20Kg in weight are fed, each ram is fed with 1.5Kg every day and fed with 30 days, and free drinking water is guaranteed.
Test examples
In a goat breeding base at 5 months in 2020, 70 ram goats aged 2 months are randomly selected and averagely divided into 7 groups, each group comprises 10 ram goats, the fermented feed prepared in the above examples 1 to 4 is fed to the groups 1 to 4, the feed prepared in the above comparative examples 1 to 3 is fed to the groups 5 to 7, no feed additive is added, and the experimental period is 30 days. After the experiment is finished, the diarrhea rate of the goats in each group, the initial weight, the final weight and the average daily gain of the goats are counted, blood samples are collected from the goats in each group, the selenium content, the serum IgG content and the GSH-px content are detected, and ANOVO variance analysis is carried out.
Analysis of results
1. The statistical results show that the diarrhea rate of the goats in each group is shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 goat diarrhea Rate
Diarrhea rate ═ diarrhea in test period goat head/(test goat head number × test day) × 100%
2. The selenium content in the blood of each group of goats after detection is shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 2 selenium content in blood of various groups of goats
3. The anti-inflammatory factor levels in the serum of each group of goats were determined as shown in table 3 below.
TABLE 3 anti-inflammatory factor levels in goat serum of each group
4. The detected growth indexes of the goats in each group are shown in the following table 4.
TABLE 4 initial weight, final weight, average daily gain of goats in each group
As can be seen from tables 1-4, the diarrhea rate, selenium enrichment level, anti-inflammatory level, and growth performance of groups 1-4 were on average better than those of groups 5-7. This shows that the immunity and growth ability of the goat are improved after the goat eats the fermented feed provided by the invention.
Therefore, after the goat manure selenium-rich fermented feed is fed to goats, the diarrhea rate of weaned goats is remarkably reduced, the growth performance of the whole group is improved, the concentrations of IgG and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in goat serum are increased, and the disease resistance is improved.
In conclusion, the sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed provided by the invention can be used for resource utilization of sheep manure, can also be used for improving the diarrhea problem of weaned livestock eating the sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed and enhancing the immunity of livestock.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The selenium-enriched fermented feed is characterized by comprising the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: 300 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 800 parts of silage straw, 10-80 parts of dry cardamine hirsute leaves, 2-10 parts of clostridium butyricum and 3-10 parts of lactic acid bacteria.
2. The selenium-enriched fermented sheep manure feed as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 230 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 650 parts of silage straw, 40-50 parts of dry cardamine hirsute leaves, 3-6 parts of clostridium butyricum and 5-8 parts of lactic acid bacteria.
3. The selenium-enriched fermented sheep manure feed as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 parts of dry and fresh sheep manure, 650 parts of silage straw, 50 parts of cardamine hirsute dry leaves, 4 parts of clostridium butyricum and 6 parts of lactic acid bacteria.
4. The sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the silage stalks are corn stalks harvested from the middle stage of actual milk ripening to the early stage of wax ripening of corn seeds.
5. The sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the total selenium content of the cardamine hirsute dried leaves is 500-5000 mg/kg.
6. The sheep manure selenium-enriched fermented feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of the clostridium butyricum and the lactic acid bacteria is 30-50 hundred million cfu/g.
7. The method for preparing the selenium-enriched fermented feed containing sheep manure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the dry and fresh sheep manure, the silage straws, the cardamine hirsute dry leaves, the clostridium butyricum and the lactic acid bacteria to prepare a mixture; placing the mixture into a fermentation vessel layer by layer and compacting each layer of the mixture; and (5) anaerobic fermentation.
8. The preparation method of the sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed as claimed in claim 7, wherein the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation is 20-45 ℃; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the humidity of the anaerobic fermentation is 60-70%.
9. The preparation method of the sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed as claimed in claim 7, wherein the mixture is prepared by mixing the clostridium butyricum and the lactic acid bacteria, adding the dry and fresh sheep manure, mixing, adding silage straw and the cardamine hirsute dry leaves, and mixing.
10. The application of the sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6 to feeding herbivores, or the application of the sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed prepared by the preparation method of the sheep manure selenium-rich fermented feed as defined in any one of claims 7 to 9 to feeding herbivores.
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