CN113404166B - Three-dimensional shock insulation support - Google Patents
Three-dimensional shock insulation support Download PDFInfo
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- CN113404166B CN113404166B CN202110677587.XA CN202110677587A CN113404166B CN 113404166 B CN113404166 B CN 113404166B CN 202110677587 A CN202110677587 A CN 202110677587A CN 113404166 B CN113404166 B CN 113404166B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/36—Bearings or like supports allowing movement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/022—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings and comprising laminated structures of alternating elastomeric and rigid layers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/0237—Structural braces with damping devices
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Abstract
The invention relates to a three-dimensional shock insulation support, belongs to the technical field of shock insulation, and solves the problem that the vertical shock insulation performance of a shock insulation support in the prior art is poor in stability. The three-dimensional shock insulation support comprises a horizontal shock insulation device and a vertical shock insulation device, wherein the horizontal shock insulation device and the vertical shock insulation device are combined in series; the vertical shock insulation device comprises an annular spring and a guide sleeve, and the annular spring is arranged in the guide sleeve; the annular spring comprises a first group of annular springs and a second group of annular springs, the outer diameter of the second group of annular springs is smaller than the inner diameter of the first group of annular springs, and the first group of annular springs and the second group of annular springs are coaxially arranged with the guide sleeve. The device disclosed by the invention can not only isolate the horizontal earthquake action, but also effectively isolate the vertical earthquake action, and the three-dimensional shock isolation support can meet the engineering requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shock insulation, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional shock insulation support.
Background
Seismic isolation technology is one of the most effective measures for reducing the damage of the structure caused by earthquakes. Various types of shock insulation supports used in the existing building structure can effectively isolate the action of horizontal earthquakes, but cannot isolate vertical earthquakes. The national standard GB50011-201 building earthquake-resistant design Specification of the people's republic of China clearly shows that when the earthquake-isolating design is carried out, the vertical earthquake action is usually not ignored compared with the horizontal earthquake action of the structure after the earthquake isolation because the earthquake-isolating cushion does not isolate the vertical earthquake action but amplifies the vertical earthquake action.
In order to solve the problem that the existing shock insulation product cannot isolate the vertical earthquake effect, researchers have conducted a lot of researches and experiments for decades, but the stability of the vertical shock insulation performance is poor, and no product is applied to engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the analysis, the invention aims to provide a three-dimensional seismic isolation support which is used for solving the problem that the vertical seismic isolation performance of the seismic isolation support in the prior art is poor in stability.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
a three-dimensional shock insulation support comprises a horizontal shock insulation device and a vertical shock insulation device, wherein the horizontal shock insulation device and the vertical shock insulation device are combined in series;
the vertical shock insulation device comprises an annular spring and a guide sleeve, and the annular spring is arranged in the guide sleeve;
the annular springs comprise a first group of annular springs and a second group of annular springs, the outer diameter of the second group of annular springs is smaller than the inner diameter of the first group of annular springs, and the first group of annular springs and the second group of annular springs are coaxially arranged with the guide sleeve;
the vertical shock insulation device also comprises an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate;
the guide sleeve comprises an inner guide sleeve and an outer guide sleeve; the outer guide sleeve is fixed on the lower connecting plate, and the inner guide sleeve is fixed on the upper connecting plate;
the inner guide sleeve and the outer guide sleeve are in clearance fit, and limit structures for limiting the inner guide sleeve to be pulled out are arranged on the inner guide sleeve and the outer guide sleeve;
the first group of annular springs and the second group of annular springs are formed by alternately stacking a plurality of inner rings and outer rings from top to bottom, the inner rings are gasket-shaped spring steel with an inner cylindrical surface and an outer cylindrical surface, and the outer rings are gasket-shaped spring steel with an inner cylindrical surface and an outer cylindrical surface; the inner circular conical surface and the outer circular conical surface are respectively provided with a contact surface, the contact surfaces on the inner ring and the outer ring are relatively staggered and attached together, and the function of extrusion friction is achieved when the inner circular conical surface and the outer circular conical surface are vertically deformed;
the bottom of the upper connecting plate is provided with a first annular positioning boss and a second annular positioning boss; the top of the lower connecting plate is provided with a third annular positioning boss and a fourth annular positioning boss; the first annular positioning boss and the third annular positioning boss are in clearance fit with the inner diameter of the first group of annular springs; and the second annular positioning boss and the fourth annular positioning boss are in clearance fit with the inner diameter of the second group of annular springs.
Further, the first group of annular springs and the second group of annular springs adopt two groups of annular springs with different bearing forces.
Furthermore, the limiting structure is characterized in that an annular step is arranged at the bottom end of the inner guide sleeve, and an annular step hole is formed at the bottom end of the outer guide sleeve.
Further, the height of the annular step hole is larger than that of the annular step, and the annular step can move up and down in the annular step hole.
Further, the horizontal seismic isolation device comprises a laminated rubber support; the laminated rubber support comprises an upper fixing plate, a rubber block and a lower fixing plate; the lower fixing plate is fixed on the upper connecting plate.
Further, the rubber block is formed by overlapping and vulcanizing a layer of rubber and a layer of steel plate.
Further, the laminated rubber support is a natural rubber support, a lead core rubber support or a high damping rubber support.
Furthermore, the horizontal shock isolation device also comprises buffer springs which are uniformly arranged around the rubber block; one end of the buffer spring is fixed on the upper fixing plate, and the other end of the buffer spring is fixed on the lower fixing plate. The plurality of buffer springs have a diameter of a circle formed at the upper fixing plate smaller than a diameter of a circle formed at the lower fixing plate.
Furthermore, the horizontal shock isolation device also comprises a fixing ring, a support rod and an elastic piece, wherein the size of the upper fixing plate is smaller than that of the lower fixing plate, the fixing ring is arranged on the outer side of the upper fixing plate and is coaxial with the upper fixing plate, and the fixing ring and the upper fixing plate are arranged on the same horizontal plane; one end of the elastic piece is fixed on the side edge of the upper fixing plate, and the other end of the elastic piece is fixed on the inner side of the fixing ring; a plurality of elastic pieces are uniformly arranged in the gap between the upper fixing plate and the fixing ring; the bottom end of the supporting rod is fixedly arranged on the lower fixing plate, the supporting rods are arranged in a plurality of numbers and evenly arranged around the upper fixing plate, and the fixing rings are fixed on the supporting rods.
Furthermore, the vertical shock isolation device also comprises a variable friction structure which comprises a friction guide rail, a pressure spring, a friction head and a fixed sleeve; one end of the friction head is provided with a bulge, the fixing sleeve is provided with a through hole with the diameter matched with that of the friction head, the fixing sleeve fixes the friction head and the pressure spring on two sides of the upper connecting plate or two sides of the lower fixing plate or two sides of the upper connecting plate and the lower fixing plate, the bulge end of the friction head is arranged in the fixing sleeve and is abutted against the pressure spring, and the other end of the friction head penetrates out of the through hole of the fixing sleeve; one end of the pressure spring is abutted against the friction head, and the other end of the pressure spring is abutted against the side edge of the upper connecting plate; the friction guide rails are fixed on the lower connecting plate, are vertically arranged on two sides of the upper connecting plate and correspond to the friction heads; the friction guide rail is a curved guide rail with a low middle height and gradually raised height when extending upwards and downwards.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can at least realize one of the following technical effects:
1) according to the device, the horizontal shock isolation device and the vertical shock isolation device are combined in series, so that not only can the horizontal earthquake effect be isolated, but also the vertical earthquake effect can be effectively isolated, and the engineering requirements are met. The vertical shock insulation device adopts the annular spring which has the characteristics of large bearing capacity, large displacement and strong energy consumption capability, and solves the problem that the common spring cannot meet the vertical shock insulation requirement.
2) The invention is provided with 2 groups of annular springs or more, and a plurality of groups of annular springs are coaxially arranged, so that on one hand, the invention can provide larger bearing capacity and has wider application range; on the other hand, the stability of the vertical shock insulation performance can be improved, the shock insulation effect can be continuously exerted even if one group of annular springs fails, and the stability of the vertical shock insulation device is greatly improved.
3) According to the invention, the inner guide sleeve is fixed on the upper connecting plate, the upper connecting plate is arranged at the upper end of the annular spring, and the inner guide sleeve moves together along with the up-and-down movement of the upper connecting plate during vertical vibration, so that the relative friction between the annular spring and the guide sleeve can be reduced, and the abrasion loss of the annular spring is reduced. And the bottom ends of the inner guide sleeve and the outer guide sleeve are provided with limiting structures for limiting the inner guide sleeve to be pulled out. The guide sleeve plays a guiding role simultaneously, and the annular spring is prevented from horizontally shaking.
4) The lower surface of upper junction plate is equipped with a plurality of annular location bosss corresponding with annular spring group number, a plurality of annular location bosss respectively with annular spring's inner ring internal diameter clearance fit, when realizing the annular spring location, the deformation needs of inner ring when satisfying annular spring atress. The upper surface of the lower connecting plate is also provided with a plurality of annular positioning bosses corresponding to the number of the annular spring groups.
5) The horizontal shock isolation device is provided with the buffer spring, so that the horizontal displacement of the laminated rubber support can be reduced, when the laminated rubber support moves to one side, the spring on the other side generates opposite tension on the laminated rubber support, the phenomenon that the laminated rubber support is overlarge in displacement is avoided, and the stability of the three-dimensional shock isolation support in use is ensured.
6) The vertical shock isolation device is provided with a variable friction structure, vertical vibration energy is further consumed, and vertical vibration amplitude is reduced.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of example 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of example 4;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the structure of embodiment 4;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of example 5.
Reference numerals:
1-horizontal shock isolation devices; 2-laminated rubber support; 201-upper fixing plate; 202-rubber block; 203-lower fixing plate; 3-vertical shock isolation devices; 4-an upper connecting plate; 401-a first annular locating boss; 402-a second annular locating boss; 5-an inner guide sleeve; 501-annular step; 6-an outer guide sleeve; 601-annular step hole; 602-a flange plate; 7-a first set of ring springs; 8-a second set of annular springs; 9-a lower connecting plate; 901-a third annular locating boss; 902-a fourth annular positioning boss; 10-a buffer spring; 11-a fixed ring; 12-a support bar; 13-an elastic member; 14-a friction guide; 15-a pressure spring; 16-a friction head; 17-fixing the sleeve; 18-inner ring; 19-a contact surface; 20-outer ring.
Detailed Description
A three-dimensional seismic mount is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments, which are provided for purposes of comparison and explanation only, and the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the term "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integrated connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The terms "top," "bottom," "above … …," "below," and "on … …" as used throughout the description are relative positions with respect to components of the device, such as the relative positions of the top and bottom substrates inside the device. It will be appreciated that the devices are multifunctional, regardless of their orientation in space.
Example 1
A three-dimensional shock isolation support is shown in figure 1 and comprises a horizontal shock isolation device 1 and a vertical shock isolation device 3, wherein the horizontal shock isolation device 1 and the vertical shock isolation device 3 are connected in series and combined; the vertical shock insulation device 3 comprises an annular spring and a guide sleeve, and the annular spring is arranged in the guide sleeve; the annular spring includes a first group of annular spring 7 and a second group of annular spring 8, the outer diameter of the second group of annular spring 8 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first group of annular spring 7, and the first group of annular spring 7 and the second group of annular spring 8 are coaxially arranged with the guide sleeve.
According to the device, the horizontal shock isolation device 1 and the vertical shock isolation device 3 are combined in series, so that not only can the horizontal earthquake action be isolated, but also the vertical earthquake action can be effectively isolated, and the engineering requirements are met.
The vertical shock isolation device 3 adopts annular springs, a first group of annular springs 7 and a second group of annular springs 8 are formed by alternately superposing a plurality of inner rings 18 and outer rings 20 from top to bottom, the inner rings 18 are gasket-shaped spring steel with an inner cylindrical surface and an outer cylindrical surface, and the outer rings 20 are gasket-shaped spring steel with an inner cylindrical surface and an outer cylindrical surface; contact surfaces 19 are arranged on the inner conical surface and the outer conical surface, and the contact surfaces 19 on the inner ring 18 and the outer ring 20 are oppositely and alternately attached together, so that the vertical deformation is realized, and the extrusion friction effect is realized. The annular spring has the characteristics of large bearing capacity, large displacement and strong energy consumption capability, and solves the problem that the common spring cannot meet the vertical shock insulation requirement. The logarithm of the inner ring and the outer ring of the annular spring is determined according to the load borne by the annular spring and the requirement of deformation.
The annular spring is usually used in the occasions with limited space size and strong buffering requirements, and consists of a plurality of inner rings and outer rings, if the annular spring is damaged or abraded, the annular spring does not need to be completely replaced, only a scrapped individual circle needs to be replaced, and the annular spring is easy to repair and is more economical.
Because the contact surfaces have a high friction when the outer and inner rings slide relative to each other along the mating cone, the axial force is balanced by the surface pressure and the friction when loaded. This corresponds to a reduction in the action of the axial load, i.e. an increase in the spring rate. Upon unloading, the frictional force retards the recovery of the elastic deformation of the spring, thus, equivalently reducing the spring force.
The invention is provided with 2 groups of annular springs or more, and a plurality of groups of annular springs are coaxially arranged, so that on one hand, the invention can provide larger bearing capacity and has wider application range; on the other hand, the stability of the vertical shock insulation performance can be improved, the shock insulation effect can be continuously exerted even if one group of annular springs fails, and the stability of the vertical shock insulation device 3 is greatly improved. Preferably, two sets of ring springs with different bearing forces are used for the first set of ring springs 7 and the second set of ring springs 8. The bearing capacity of the first set of ring springs 7 is larger than that of the second set of ring springs 8, and the diameter of the first set of ring springs 7 is larger than that of the second set of ring springs 8, so that the overturning risk caused by uneven vertical stress can be prevented.
The vertical shock insulation device 3 also comprises an upper connecting plate 4 and a lower connecting plate 9; the guide sleeve comprises an inner guide sleeve 5 and an outer guide sleeve 6; the outer guide sleeve 6 is fixed on the lower connecting plate 9, the inner guide sleeve 5 is fixed on the upper connecting plate 4, the outer guide sleeve 6 and the lower connecting plate 9 are provided with corresponding connecting holes, the inner guide sleeve 5 and the upper connecting plate 4 are provided with corresponding connecting holes, the outer guide sleeve 6 and the lower connecting plate 9 are connected through a connecting piece, and the inner guide sleeve 5 and the upper connecting plate 4 are connected through a connecting piece; the outer diameter of the inner guide sleeve 5 is in clearance fit with the inner diameter of the outer guide sleeve 6, and the inner guide sleeve 5 and the outer guide sleeve 6 are provided with limiting structures for limiting the pulling-out of the inner guide sleeve 5. Specifically, the limiting structure is that an annular step 501 is arranged at the bottom end of the inner guide sleeve 5, an annular step hole 601 and a flange plate 602 are arranged at the bottom end of the outer guide sleeve 6, and a connecting hole is arranged on the flange plate 602; the height of the annular stepped hole 601 is greater than that of the annular step 501, and the annular step 501 can move up and down in the annular stepped hole 601.
According to the invention, the inner guide sleeve 5 is fixed on the upper connecting plate 4, the upper connecting plate 4 is arranged at the upper end of the annular spring, and the inner guide sleeve 5 moves together with the up-and-down movement of the upper connecting plate 4 during vertical vibration, so that the relative friction between the annular spring and the guide sleeve can be reduced, and the abrasion loss of the annular spring is reduced. The bottom ends of the inner guide sleeve 5 and the outer guide sleeve 6 are provided with limiting structures for limiting the pulling-out of the inner guide sleeve 5. The guide sleeve plays a guiding role simultaneously, and the annular spring is prevented from horizontally shaking.
The lower surface of upper junction plate 4 is equipped with a plurality of annular location bosss corresponding with annular spring group number, a plurality of annular location bosss respectively with annular spring's inner ring internal diameter clearance fit, when realizing the annular spring location, the deformation needs of inner ring when satisfying annular spring atress. The upper surface of the lower connecting plate 9 is also provided with a plurality of annular positioning bosses corresponding to the number of the annular spring groups.
Illustratively, the bottom of the upper connecting plate 4 is provided with a first annular positioning boss 401 and a second annular positioning boss 402; the first annular positioning boss 401 is in clearance fit with the inner diameter of the first group of annular springs 7; the second annular locating boss 402 is a clearance fit with the inner diameter of the second set of annular springs 8. The top of the lower connecting plate 9 is provided with a third annular positioning boss 901 and a fourth annular positioning boss 902; the third annular positioning boss 901 is in clearance fit with the inner diameter of the first group of annular springs 7; the fourth annular locating boss 902 is clearance fit with the inner diameter of the second set of annular springs 8.
In order to prevent wear of the conical surfaces, the contact surface 19 is also coated with graphite grease. Furthermore, in order to prevent lateral instability, a gap is provided between the first set of annular springs 7 and the guide sleeve, the gap distance being 2% of the inner diameter of the inner ring 18 of the first set of annular springs 7.
The horizontal shock isolation device 1 comprises a laminated rubber support 2 and a laminated rubber support 2; the laminated rubber mount 2 includes an upper fixing plate 201, a rubber block 202, and a lower fixing plate 203; the rubber block 202 is formed by overlapping and vulcanizing a layer of rubber and a layer of steel plate; the position that bottom plate 203 and upper junction plate 4 correspond is provided with the connecting hole, fixes bottom plate 203 on upper junction plate 4 through the connecting piece, realizes the series connection of horizontal shock isolation device 1 and vertical shock isolation device.
The three-dimensional shock insulation support adopts the series combination of the laminated rubber support 2, the laminated rubber support 2 and the vertical shock insulation device 3, the laminated rubber support 2 and the vertical shock insulation device 3 isolate the horizontal seismic action, and the vertical shock insulation device 3 isolates the vertical seismic action, so that the shock insulation mechanism is clear.
Illustratively, the laminated rubber mount 2 may be a natural rubber mount, a lead rubber mount or a high damping rubber mount, and may be of type ii or type i.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the buffer springs 10 are uniformly arranged around the rubber block 202; one end of the buffer spring 10 is fixed to the upper fixing plate 201, and the other end is fixed to the lower fixing plate 203. The plurality of buffer springs 10 have a diameter of a circle formed at the upper fixing plate 201 smaller than that of a circle formed at the lower fixing plate 203. The buffer spring 10 is used for reducing the horizontal displacement of the laminated rubber support 2, when the laminated rubber support 2 moves to one side, the spring on the other side generates opposite tension on the laminated rubber support 2, the phenomenon that the laminated rubber support 2 is overlarge in displacement is avoided, and the stability of the three-dimensional seismic isolation support in use is ensured.
Preferably, the buffer springs 10 are provided in 2 groups, which are divided into a first buffer spring 10 and a second buffer spring 10, and the first buffer spring 10 is provided outside the second buffer spring 10.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the size of the upper fixing plate 201 is smaller than that of the lower fixing plate 203, the bottom end of the baffle is fixed on the lower fixing plate 203 through a torsion spring, and the top end of the baffle abuts against the side edge of the upper fixing plate 201. The distance from the bottom end of the baffle to the central axis of the laminated rubber support 2 is greater than the distance from the top end of the baffle to the central axis, and the baffle provides a certain horizontal supporting force for the laminated rubber support 2.
The baffle is provided with a plurality ofly, and a plurality of baffles are evenly distributed around upper fixed plate 201.
Example 4
In this embodiment, the size of the upper fixing plate 201 is smaller than that of the lower fixing plate 203, the fixing ring 11 is disposed outside the upper fixing plate 201 and coaxially disposed with the upper fixing plate 201, and the fixing ring 11 and the upper fixing plate 201 are disposed on the same horizontal plane.
One end of the elastic element 13 is fixed on the side of the upper fixing plate 201, and the other end is fixed inside the fixing ring 11. The springs are arranged in a plurality of numbers and are uniformly arranged in the gap between the upper fixing plate 201 and the fixing ring 11.
The bottom end fixing of the supporting rod 12 is arranged on the lower fixing plate 203, the supporting rod 12 is provided with a plurality of fixing rings which are uniformly arranged around the upper fixing plate 201, and the fixing rings 11 are fixed on the supporting rod 12.
Example 5
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the variable friction structure includes a friction guide 14, a pressure spring 15, a friction head 16, and a fixing sleeve 17. One end of the friction head 16 is provided with a bulge, the fixing sleeve 17 is provided with a through hole with the diameter matched with that of the friction head 16, the friction head 16 and the pressure spring 15 are fixed on two sides of the upper connecting plate 4 (or two sides of the lower fixing plate or two sides of the upper connecting plate 4 and the lower fixing plate 203) by the fixing sleeve 17, the bulge end of the friction head 16 is arranged in the fixing sleeve 17 and is abutted against the pressure spring 15, and the other end of the friction head 16 penetrates out of the through hole of the fixing sleeve 17. One end of the pressure spring 15 abuts against the friction head 16, and the other end abuts against the side of the upper connecting plate 4.
The friction guide rails 14 are fixed on the lower connecting plate 9 and are vertically arranged at the two sides of the upper connecting plate 4 and correspond to the friction heads 16. The friction guide 14 is a curved guide with a low middle height and gradually increased height when extending upwards and downwards.
When the vertical shock insulation device 3 generates vertical shock and the amplitude is small, the friction head 16 is at the low height position of the friction guide rail 14, the compressed amount of the pressure spring 15 is small, and the friction is small; when the amplitude is large, the friction head 16 moves up and down to a position with a large height of the guide rail, the compression amount of the pressure spring 15 is large, the pressure is large, and the friction force is large, so that more vibration energy is consumed during large-amplitude vibration, and the amplitude is reduced.
Example 6
Specifically, the variable friction structure includes a friction guide 14, a pressure spring 15, a friction head 16, and a fixing sleeve 17. The friction head 16 is provided with a bulge at one end, the fixing sleeve 17 is provided with a through hole with the diameter matched with that of the friction head 16, the friction head 16 and the pressure spring 15 are fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper fixing plate 201 by the fixing sleeve 17, the bulge end of the friction head 16 is arranged in the fixing sleeve 17 and is abutted against the pressure spring 15, and the other end of the friction head 16 penetrates out of the through hole of the fixing sleeve 17. One end of the pressure spring 15 abuts against the friction head 16, and the other end abuts against the upper or lower surface of the upper fixing plate 201.
The friction guide 14 is fixed to the lower fixing plate 203, and is horizontally disposed at a position corresponding to the friction head 16 on both sides of the upper and lower surfaces of the upper fixing plate 201. The friction guide rail 14 is a curved guide rail having a low middle height and gradually increasing height when left and right extend.
When the laminated rubber support 2 is displaced horizontally, when the amplitude is small, the friction head 16 is at the low height of the friction guide rail 14, the compressed amount of the pressure spring 15 is small, and the friction is small; when the amplitude is large, the friction head 16 moves to a position with a large height of the guide rail, the compression amount of the pressure spring 15 is large, the pressure is large, and the friction force is large, so that more vibration energy is consumed during large-amplitude vibration, and the amplitude is reduced.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A three-dimensional shock insulation support is characterized by comprising a horizontal shock insulation device and a vertical shock insulation device, wherein the horizontal shock insulation device and the vertical shock insulation device are combined in series;
the vertical shock insulation device comprises an annular spring and a guide sleeve, and the annular spring is arranged in the guide sleeve;
the annular springs comprise a first group of annular springs and a second group of annular springs, the outer diameter of the second group of annular springs is smaller than the inner diameter of the first group of annular springs, and the first group of annular springs and the second group of annular springs are coaxially arranged with the guide sleeve;
the vertical shock insulation device also comprises an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate;
the guide sleeve comprises an inner guide sleeve and an outer guide sleeve; the outer guide sleeve is fixed on the lower connecting plate, and the inner guide sleeve is fixed on the upper connecting plate;
the inner guide sleeve and the outer guide sleeve are in clearance fit, and limit structures for limiting the inner guide sleeve to be pulled out are arranged on the inner guide sleeve and the outer guide sleeve;
the first group of annular springs and the second group of annular springs are formed by alternately stacking a plurality of inner rings and outer rings from top to bottom, the inner rings are gasket-shaped spring steel with an inner cylindrical surface and an outer cylindrical surface, and the outer rings are gasket-shaped spring steel with an inner cylindrical surface and an outer cylindrical surface; the inner circular conical surface and the outer circular conical surface are respectively provided with a contact surface, the contact surfaces on the inner ring and the outer ring are relatively staggered and attached together, and the function of extrusion friction is achieved when the inner circular conical surface and the outer circular conical surface are vertically deformed;
the bottom of the upper connecting plate is provided with a first annular positioning boss and a second annular positioning boss; the top of the lower connecting plate is provided with a third annular positioning boss and a fourth annular positioning boss; the first annular positioning boss and the third annular positioning boss are in clearance fit with the inner diameter of the first group of annular springs; the second annular positioning boss and the fourth annular positioning boss are in clearance fit with the inner diameter of the second group of annular springs;
the first group of annular springs and the second group of annular springs adopt two groups of annular springs with different bearing forces;
the limiting structure is characterized in that an annular step is arranged at the bottom end of the inner guide sleeve, and an annular step hole is formed at the bottom end of the outer guide sleeve;
the height of the annular step hole is greater than that of the annular step, and the annular step can move up and down in the annular step hole;
the horizontal shock isolation device comprises a laminated rubber support; the laminated rubber support comprises an upper fixing plate, a rubber block and a lower fixing plate; the lower fixing plate is fixed on the upper connecting plate;
the horizontal shock insulation device also comprises a fixing ring, a support rod and an elastic piece, wherein the size of the upper fixing plate is smaller than that of the lower fixing plate, the fixing ring is arranged on the outer side of the upper fixing plate and is coaxial with the upper fixing plate, and the fixing ring and the upper fixing plate are arranged on the same horizontal plane; one end of the elastic piece is fixed on the side edge of the upper fixing plate, and the other end of the elastic piece is fixed on the inner side of the fixing ring; a plurality of elastic pieces are uniformly arranged in the gap between the upper fixing plate and the fixing ring; the bottom end of the supporting rod is fixedly arranged on the lower fixing plate, the supporting rods are arranged in a plurality of numbers and evenly arranged around the upper fixing plate, and the fixing rings are fixed on the supporting rods.
2. The three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing of claim 1, wherein the rubber block is formed by overlapping and vulcanizing a layer of rubber and a layer of steel plate.
3. The three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing of claim 2, wherein the laminated rubber bearing is a natural rubber bearing, a lead rubber bearing or a high damping rubber bearing.
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