CN103982579A - Large-stroke high-energy-dissipation shape memory alloy buffer - Google Patents
Large-stroke high-energy-dissipation shape memory alloy buffer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103982579A CN103982579A CN201410209794.2A CN201410209794A CN103982579A CN 103982579 A CN103982579 A CN 103982579A CN 201410209794 A CN201410209794 A CN 201410209794A CN 103982579 A CN103982579 A CN 103982579A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a buffer device applied to the fields of vehicles, machinery and the like, in particular to a buffer device which utilizes a shape memory alloy material and has the characteristics of large stroke, high energy dissipation, resettability and the like. The buffer device comprises single-conical-surface inner circular rings, a double-conical-surface inner circular ring and double inner conical surface-containing shape memory alloy outer circular rings, wherein the single-conical-surface inner circular rings are arranged at the two ends of the buffer device respectively, and a plurality of double inner conical surface-containing shape memory alloy outer circular rings and the double-conical-surface inner circular ring are arranged in the middle of the buffer device alternately. The buffer device is simple in structure and convenient to process and assemble. The shape memory alloy material is in an annular stretch state, the stress state is simple and uniform, and the material utilization rate is high. Compared with the traditional annular spring buffer, the buffer device has the advantage that the relative compression deformation is obviously improved. The energy dissipation through shape memory alloy phase change is combined with the energy dissipation through friction, so that the energy dissipation capability is higher. When the compression displacement is relatively large, the load is almost kept constant, and buffer protection is favorably realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of damping device that is applicable to the fields such as vehicle, machinery, especially relate to a kind of shape memory alloy material that utilizes, the damping device of the characteristic such as there is large stroke, highly energy-consuming, can reset.
Background technique
A large amount of use damping device in machinery, vehicle and earthquake proof construction.According to the relation of buffer and speed, displacement, can roughly be divided into velocity profile, displacement type and hybrid type buffering device.Velocity profile buffer is as common hydraulic buffer, and active force gap under different striking velocitys is larger, there will be the excessive situation of cushion effect while exceeding certain speed restriction.Utilize the principles such as metal plastic deformation to carry out the device of buffering energy-consumption, belong to displacement type buffer, more in field uses such as automobile collision preventing, Antiseismic buildings, but be conventionally difficult to realize, automatically reset.
Annular spring is also a kind of conventional buffer, by a plurality of outer toroid with inner conical surface with the interior annulus of the conical surface outside same cone angle, coordinate and form, the size of inside and outside ring and quantity can be determined according to load and deformation requirements, when annular spring bears thrust load, inside and outside annulus pushes mutually, along conical surface relative sliding, produce axial displacement, play spring action, simultaneously, outer interannular produces huge frictional force, large energy can dissipate in deformation process, the occasion that is usually used in the powerful buffering of limited space and needs, as the joint part of heavy railway vehicle grades.Although the buffer shock-absorbing ability of annular spring is very large, is limited by the constraint of spring steel material elastic limit, axially relative deformation less (～10%); On the other hand, loading procedure, load increases with load deflection is linear, has the excessive risk of cushion effect when bearing greater impact, and these have all limited promoting the use of of annular spring.
Marmem is a kind of widely used intellectual material, and its distortion is subject to the dual control of temperature and stress.When its temperature is higher than martensite during to the completing of austenite phase transformation, material, in pseudoelasticity state, can be provided as the recovered phase transition strain of common iron elastic limit decades of times, and corresponding stress plateau with it, and in adding uninstall process hysteretic energy.When temperature is lower than martensite during to the initial temperature of austenite phase transformation, material is in shape memory state, and mechanics shape is now similar to elastoplasticity, when loading over certain distortion, have residual strain, but can return to initial state by heat treated.
According to its material behavior, occurred the multiple device that utilizes marmem to cushion, consume energy, wherein main flow is the stretching mechanism that utilizes B alloy wire, but the cushion stroke of these devices depends critically upon the length of B alloy wire, relative deformation is less than normal, and application area is limited.The inventor has applied for a patent of invention " a kind of hydraulic damping device that uses marmem " to State Intellectual Property Office recently, number of patent application 201410126824.3, utilize the uniaxial tension of pseudoelasticity marmem pull bar to consume energy and reset, Area Ratio by large piston and small plunger in hydraulic pressure installation is realized the function that displacement is amplified, but relate to the devices such as hydraulic pressure, sealing, structure slightly complicated.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, object of the present invention is utilized shape memory alloy material exactly, and a kind of marmem buffer of large stroke highly energy-consuming is provided, and has simple in structurely, and stroke is large, consume energy high, and recoverable advantage.
The technology of the present invention solution: for achieving the above object, the basic measures of this device are: utilize shape memory alloy material and spring steel mix proportion annular spring, wherein interior annulus is made by spring steel material, and outer toroid is made by shape memory alloy material.Select appropriate inner and outer rings thickness guarantee in ring stiffness be obviously greater than outer ring stiffness, all the time in elastic state, can there is not plastic deformation in spring steel material, can recurring structure flexing yet, distortion mainly concentrates on the outer shroud that shape memory alloy material is made.By suitable geometric parameter, design, when stroke reaches maximum, shape memory alloy material strain reaches maximum permissible value, realizes larger axial relative deformation, guarantees that shape memory alloy material is reusable simultaneously.
The present invention, a kind of base type of the marmem buffer of large stroke highly energy-consuming, comprises annulus in single conical surface, annulus in Double-conical-surface, containing three kinds of parts of marmem outer toroid of two inner conical surfaces.All parts containing the conical surface, its conical surface angle homogeneous phase etc., can be taken between 12 °～20 °.Containing the marmem outer toroid of two inner conical surfaces, its outer surface is cylndrical surface, and internal surface is comprised of two internal conical surfaces in two ends and the inner cylindrical surface mediating, and respectively accounts for 1/3 height; Containing the marmem outer toroid maximum ga(u)ge of two inner conical surfaces and maximum outside diameter ratio between 1/10～1/8; Containing the marmem outer toroid height of two inner conical surfaces with maximum outside diameter ratio between 1/5～1/4, when conical surface angle compared with hour, highly/maximum outside diameter ratio can be bigger than normal, on the contrary when conical surface angle is larger, it is less than normal that this ratio should be got.In Double-conical-surface, circle ring inner surface is cylndrical surface, and outer surface is two symmetrical conical surfaces; In Double-conical-surface, annulus aspect ratio outer toroid is slightly high, and ratio can be taken as 1.01～1.02; The minimum diameter of Double-conical-surface inner circle ring outer surface, i.e. the diameter at outer surface two ends places, is taken as the mean value of outer toroid internal surface maximum diameter and minimum diameter; Double-conical-surface inner circle ring wall is thick suitable with outer toroid, because of the transformation stress platform of spring steel material intensity much larger than shape memory alloy material, can guarantee that interior ring structure rigidity is obviously greater than outer shroud.In Double-conical-surface, annulus can cut into annulus in two single conical surfaces from middle symmetry plane.According to above-mentioned parameter designing, can realize the most about 40% axial relative compression amount.
Can select the logarithm of inside and outside annulus according to the needs of traveled distance, overlap assembly forms, and wherein two ends are annulus in single conical surface, and middle is annulus alternative arrangement in the marmem outer toroid containing two inner conical surfaces and Double-conical-surface.
During use, at two ends, apply axial compression loading, device axial dimension shortens, and inside and outside annulus pushes mutually, because the inner circle ring stiffness of design is obviously greater than outer toroid rigidity, therefore distortion mainly concentrates on outer toroid, interior Deformed ring can be ignored, and outer toroid is by hole enlargement spreading, stress phase main manifestations is hoop tensile stress, between inside and outside annulus, produce frictional force, frictional force size is proportional, indirectly proportional with the hoop tensile stress of outer toroid with positive pressure simultaneously.Load when initial, outer shroud is in elastic state, and stress increases with hoop strain is linear, and axial force increases with displacement is linear; When axial displacement arrives to a certain degree, outer toroid material starts to undergo phase transition, and it is constant that stress almost keeps, and frictional force size also no longer increases, and now corresponding axial force also keeps constant.During unloading, frictional force is reverse immediately, causes axial force lower jumping suddenly, behind an of short duration elastic unloading district, outer toroid material enters reverse transformation process, and axial force maintains a lower active force platform, until reverse transformation finishes, outer ring material starts elastic unloading, axial force is linear decline again, due to the effect of frictional force, and the amplitude of amplitude far below original upload time, until unloading finishes, system is recovered ortho states.Power consumption aspect, when axial deformation hour, similar with traditional spring steel annular spring; When distortion is larger, phase transformation power consumption and friction energy-dissipating acting in conjunction, can arrive larger power consumption ratio.
A modification of the present invention model, called after improves 1 type, comprises the parts such as annulus in single conical surface, the interior annulus of Double-conical-surface and combined type outer toroid.Wherein, combined type outer toroid comprises one section of marmem cylindrical shell and three conical surface liners that circumference is symmetrical.All parts containing the conical surface, its conical surface angle homogeneous phase etc., can be taken between 12 °～20 °.Conical surface liner is the solid of rotation of several angle (90 °～110 °), can be formed by the domain cutting of 360 °, in the middle of outer surface, be the cylndrical surface coordinating with marmem cylindrical shell internal diameter, the small boss that move for restriction marmem cylindrical shell at outer surface two ends; Internal surface two ends are two symmetrical conical surfaces, coordinate with inner circle annular conical surface, and in the middle of internal surface, be a cylndrical surface, cylndrical surface and two conical surfaces occupy 1/3 height separately; The ratio of the height of conical surface liner and outer surface middle circle cylinder diameter (equaling the internal diameter of marmem cylindrical shell) is about 1/4.The thickness of marmem cylindrical shell and the ratio of its internal diameter are between 1/15～1/10, are highly not more than the height of conical surface liner external cylindrical surface.In Double-conical-surface, circle ring inner surface is cylndrical surface, and outer surface is two symmetrical conical surfaces; Aspect ratio conical surface liner is slightly high, and ratio can be taken as 1.01～1.02; The minimum diameter of outer surface, i.e. the diameter at outer surface two ends places, is taken as the mean value of conical surface liner internal surface maximum diameter and minimum diameter; Wall thickness is suitable with marmem cylindrical shell, because of the transformation stress platform of spring steel material intensity much larger than shape memory alloy material, can guarantee that interior ring structure rigidity is obviously greater than outer shroud.In Double-conical-surface, annulus can cut into annulus in two single conical surfaces from middle symmetry plane.According to above-mentioned parameter designing, can realize the most about 40% axial relative compression amount.
Improve 1 type device, also can select the logarithm of inside and outside annulus according to the needs of traveled distance, overlap assembly forms, and wherein two ends are annulus in single conical surface, and centre is annulus alternative arrangement in combined type outer toroid and Double-conical-surface.
Improve 1 type in actual use, at two ends, apply axial compression loading, each parts push mutually, because the inner circle ring stiffness of design is obviously greater than combined type outer toroid rigidity, therefore distortion mainly concentrates on combined type outer toroid, interior Deformed ring can be ignored.Marmem cylindrical shell is by hole enlargement spreading, and stress phase main manifestations is hoop tensile stress, no longer bears frictional force, has reduced wearing and tearing.Conical surface liner is open type structure, can transmit the pressure between interior annulus and marmem cylindrical shell, and bear frictional force, but hoop strain is little, adds in unloading and plastic deformation can not occur.The load displacement curve and the power consumption performance that add uninstall process are similar with base type.
A kind of further improvement model of the present invention, called after improves 2 types, and basic structure is identical with 1 type of improvement, comprises the parts such as annulus in single conical surface, the interior annulus of Double-conical-surface and combined type outer toroid.Be with the main distinction of 1 type of improvement, combined type outer toroid is comprised of several small cross-sectional area marmem rings and three symmetrical conical surface liners of circumference.Small cross-sectional area marmem ring can be circular section, rectangular cross-section, can be also other cross section of being convenient to arbitrarily manufacturing.Use the advantage of a plurality of small cross-sectional area marmem rings to be: sectional shape is freer, may be more convenient in element manufacture; Quantity by ring changes the amplitude that can adjust flexibly load; The raw destruction of single small bore environment-development affects less on the use of whole device.Improve 2 type further features identical with 1 type of improvement.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
The present invention is simple in structure, is convenient to processing, assembling.Shape memory alloy material is in hoop extended state, and stress phase is simple, even, and stock utilization is high.Compare traditional annular spring buffer, relatively compressive strain has had and has significantly improved.Marmem phase transformation power consumption and friction energy-dissipating combination, energy dissipation capability is higher.When compression displacement is larger, load almost keeps constant, is conducive to buffer protection.
Follow-on damping device (improving 1 type), has increased conical surface liner, has reduced the wearing and tearing of marmem, and has reduced the processing of shape memory alloy material, has also reduced the consumption of shape memory alloy material accordingly, and cost more economically.
The another kind of model (improving 2 types) of improving, using on the basis of conical surface liner, select a plurality of small cross-sectional area marmem rings to rearrange, sectional shape is selected freer, be convenient to manufacturing, single small bore ring lost efficacy does not affect overall performance performance, and the size of adjusting loading force that can be convenient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the damping device of base type;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the marmem outer toroid containing two inner conical surfaces;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of annulus in Double-conical-surface;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of annulus in single conical surface;
Fig. 5 is for improving the sectional view of 1 type device;
Fig. 6 is the combined type outer toroid schematic diagram that marmem cylindrical shell and conical surface liner form;
Fig. 7 is for improving the sectional view of 2 type devices;
Fig. 8 is the combined type outer toroid schematic diagram that a plurality of small bore marmem rings and conical surface liner form;
Annulus in the mono-conical surface of 1-, 2-contains the marmem outer toroid of two inner conical surfaces, annulus in 3-Double-conical-surface, 4-conical surface liner, 5-marmem cylindrical shell, 6-small bore marmem ring.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with technological scheme with reference to accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.
The embodiment of a kind of base type of patent of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, comprises annulus 1 in single conical surface, and annulus 3 in Double-conical-surface, containing 2 three kinds of parts of marmem outer toroid of two inner conical surfaces.Can select the logarithm of inside and outside annulus according to the needs of traveled distance, overlap assembly forms, and wherein two ends are annulus 1 in single conical surface, and middle is annulus 3 alternative arrangements in several marmem outer toroid 2 containing two inner conical surfaces and Double-conical-surface.
The conical surface angle of each inside and outside annulus equates, can be taken between 12 °～20 °.Containing the marmem outer toroid 2 of two inner conical surfaces, as shown in Figure 2, its outer surface is cylndrical surface to its structure, and internal surface is comprised of two internal conical surfaces in two ends and the inner cylindrical surface mediating, and respectively accounts for 1/3 height; Maximum ga(u)ge and maximum outside diameter ratio are between 1/10～1/8; Height and maximum outside diameter ratio between 1/5～1/4, when conical surface angle hour, highly/maximum outside diameter ratio can be bigger than normal, on the contrary when conical surface angle is larger, it is less than normal that this ratio should be got.Annulus 3 in Double-conical-surface, as shown in Figure 3, internal surface is cylndrical surface to its structure, outer surface is two symmetrical conical surfaces; Highly slightly high containing the marmem outer toroid 2 of two inner conical surfaces, ratio can be taken as 1.01～1.02; The minimum diameter of outer surface, the diameter at place, outer surface two ends, is taken as containing the marmem outer toroid 2 internal surface maximum diameters of two inner conical surfaces and the mean value of minimum diameter; Wall thickness is with suitable containing marmem outer toroid 2 thickness of two inner conical surfaces, because of the transformation stress platform of spring steel material intensity much larger than shape memory alloy material, can guarantee that in Double-conical-surface, annulus 3 structural rigidity are obviously greater than the marmem outer toroid 2 containing two inner conical surfaces.Annulus 1 in single conical surface, its structure as shown in Figure 4, can be formed from middle symmetry plane cutting by annulus in Double-conical-surface 3.According to above-mentioned parameter designing, can realize the most about 40% axial relative compression amount.
During use, in single conical surface at two ends, annulus 1 applies axial compression loading, device axial dimension shortens, inside and outside annulus pushes mutually, because the interior annulus 1 of design, 3 rigidity are obviously greater than the rigidity containing the marmem outer toroid 2 of two inner conical surfaces, therefore distortion mainly concentrates on the marmem outer toroid 2 containing two inner conical surfaces, interior annulus 1, 3 distortion can be ignored, contain the marmem outer toroid 2 of two inner conical surfaces by hole enlargement spreading, stress phase main manifestations is hoop tensile stress, simultaneously, between outer toroid, produce frictional force, frictional force size is proportional with positive pressure, indirectly and proportional containing the hoop tensile stress of the marmem outer toroid 2 of two inner conical surfaces.Load when initial, containing the marmem outer toroid 2 of two inner conical surfaces, in elastic state, stress increases with hoop strain is linear, and axial force increases with displacement is linear; When axial displacement arrives to a certain degree, marmem outer toroid 2 materials that contain two inner conical surfaces start to undergo phase transition, and it is constant that stress almost keeps, and frictional force size also no longer increases, and now corresponding axial force also keeps constant.During unloading, frictional force is reverse immediately, cause axial force lower jumping suddenly, behind an of short duration elastic unloading district, marmem outer toroid 2 materials containing two inner conical surfaces enter reverse transformation process, axial force maintains a lower active force platform, until reverse transformation finishes, marmem outer toroid 2 materials containing two inner conical surfaces start elastic unloading, axial force is linear decline again, due to the effect of frictional force, and the amplitude of amplitude far below original upload time, until unloading finishes, system is recovered ortho states.
A modification of the present invention model, called after improves 1 type, comprises the parts such as annulus 1 in single conical surface, the interior annulus 3 of Double-conical-surface and combined type outer toroid, as shown in Figure 5.All parts containing the conical surface, its conical surface angle homogeneous phase etc., can be taken between 12 °～20 °.Wherein, combined type outer toroid, as shown in Figure 6, comprises one section of marmem cylindrical shell 5 and three conical surface liners 4 that circumference is symmetrical.Conical surface liner 4 is the solid of rotation of several angle (90 °～110 °), can be formed by the domain cutting of 360 °, in the middle of outer surface, it is the cylndrical surface coordinating with the internal surface of marmem cylindrical shell 5, the small boss that move for restriction marmem cylindrical shell 5 at outer surface two ends, internal surface two ends are two symmetrical conical surfaces, with interior annulus 1, 3 male cone (strobilus masculinus) coordinates, in the middle of internal surface, it is a cylndrical surface, cylndrical surface and two conical surfaces occupy 1/3 height separately, the ratio of the height of conical surface liner 4 and outer surface cylndrical surface diameter (equaling the internal diameter of marmem cylindrical shell 5) is about 1/4.The thickness of marmem cylindrical shell 5 and the ratio of its internal diameter are between 1/15～1/10, are highly not more than the height of conical surface liner 4 external cylindrical surfaces.Annulus 3 in Double-conical-surface, as shown in Figure 3, internal surface is straight cylindrical surfaces to its structure, outer surface is two symmetrical conical surfaces; Aspect ratio conical surface liner 4 is slightly high, and ratio can be taken as 1.01～1.02; The minimum diameter of outer surface, i.e. the diameter at outer surface two ends places, is taken as the mean value of conical surface liner 4 internal surface maximum diameters and minimum diameter; Wall thickness is suitable with marmem cylindrical shell 5 thickness.Annulus 1 in single conical surface, its structure as shown in Figure 4, can be formed from middle symmetry plane cutting by annulus in Double-conical-surface 3.
Improve 1 type in actual use, in the single conical surface in two ends, annulus 1 applies axial compression loading, and each parts push mutually, because interior annulus 1,3 rigidity of design are obviously greater than combined type outer toroid rigidity, therefore distortion mainly concentrates on combined type outer toroid, interior annulus 1,3 distortion can be ignored.Marmem cylindrical shell 5 is by hole enlargement spreading, and stress phase main manifestations is hoop tensile stress, no longer bears frictional force, has reduced wearing and tearing.Conical surface liner 4 is open type structure, can transmit the pressure between interior annulus 1,3 and marmem cylindrical shell 5, and bear frictional force, but hoop strain is little, adds in unloading and plastic deformation can not occur.Load displacement curve and power consumption that 1 type that improves adds uninstall process show with base type similar.
A kind of further improvement model of the present invention, called after improves 2 types, and basic structure is identical with 1 type of improvement, comprises the parts such as annulus 1 in single conical surface, the interior annulus 3 of Double-conical-surface and combined type outer toroid, as shown in Figure 7.Be with the main distinction of 1 type of improvement, combined type outer toroid is comprised of several small cross-sectional area marmem rings 6 and three symmetrical conical surface liners 4 of circumference, as shown in Figure 8.Small cross-sectional area marmem ring 6 can be circular section, rectangular cross-section, can be also other cross section of being convenient to arbitrarily manufacturing.Improve 2 type further features identical with 1 type of improvement.
Provide above embodiment to be only used to describe object of the present invention, and do not really want to limit the scope of the invention.Scope of the present invention is defined by the following claims.The various substitutions and modifications that are equal to that do not depart from spirit of the present invention and principle and make, all should contain within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a marmem buffer for large stroke highly energy-consuming, is characterized in that comprising: annulus in annulus, Double-conical-surface in single conical surface, containing the marmem outer toroid of two inner conical surfaces; The two ends of wherein said buffer are respectively annulus in single conical surface, and the centre of described buffer is annulus alternative arrangement in several marmem outer toroid containing two inner conical surfaces and Double-conical-surface.
2. the marmem buffer of large stroke highly energy-consuming according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: annulus in annulus, Double-conical-surface in described single conical surface, containing the conical surface angle homogeneous phase of the marmem outer toroid of two inner conical surfaces etc., conical surface angular range is 12 °～20 °.
3. the marmem buffer of large stroke highly energy-consuming according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the outer surface of the described marmem outer toroid containing two inner conical surfaces is cylndrical surface, internal surface is comprised of two internal conical surfaces in two ends and the inner cylindrical surface mediating, and two internal conical surfaces in two ends respectively account for 1/3 height with the inner cylindrical surface mediating; The maximum ga(u)ge and the maximum outside diameter ratio that contain the marmem outer toroid of two inner conical surfaces are 1/10～1/8; The height and the maximum outside diameter ratio that contain the marmem outer toroid of two inner conical surfaces are 1/5～1/4.
4. the marmem buffer of large stroke highly energy-consuming according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described Double-conical-surface, circle ring inner surface is cylndrical surface, and outer surface is two symmetrical conical surfaces; In Double-conical-surface, annulus aspect ratio outer toroid is slightly high, proportion 1.01～1.02; The minimum diameter of described outer surface, i.e. the diameter at outer surface two ends places, is taken as the mean value of outer toroid internal surface maximum diameter and minimum diameter, and Double-conical-surface inner circle ring wall is thick suitable with outer toroid.
5. a marmem buffer for large stroke highly energy-consuming, is characterized in that comprising: annulus, the interior annulus of Double-conical-surface and combined type outer toroid in single conical surface; The two ends of wherein said buffer are respectively annulus in single conical surface, and centre is annulus alternative arrangement in several combined type outer toroid and Double-conical-surface; Described combined type outer toroid comprises one section of marmem cylindrical shell and three conical surface liners that circumference is symmetrical.
6. a marmem buffer for large stroke highly energy-consuming, is characterized in that: comprise annulus in single conical surface, the interior annulus of Double-conical-surface and combined type outer toroid; The two ends of wherein said buffer are respectively annulus in single conical surface, and centre is annulus alternative arrangement in several combined type outer toroid and Double-conical-surface; Described combined type outer toroid is comprised of several small cross-sectional area marmem rings and three symmetrical conical surface liners of circumference.
7. according to the marmem buffer of the large stroke highly energy-consuming described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterized in that: all parts containing the conical surface, its conical surface angle homogeneous phase etc., can be taken between 12 °～20 °.
8. according to the marmem buffer of the large stroke highly energy-consuming described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterized in that: described conical surface liner is the solid of rotation of 90 °～110 ° of several angles, can be formed by the domain cutting of 360 °, in the middle of outer surface, be the cylndrical surface coordinating with marmem cylindrical shell internal diameter, the small boss that move for restriction marmem cylindrical shell at outer surface two ends; Internal surface two ends are two symmetrical conical surfaces, coordinate with inner circle annular conical surface, and in the middle of internal surface, be a cylndrical surface, cylndrical surface and two conical surfaces occupy 1/3 height separately; The ratio of the cylndrical surface diameter in the middle of the height of conical surface liner and outer surface is 1/4; The thickness of marmem cylindrical shell and the proportion of its internal diameter are 1/15～1/10, are highly not more than the height of conical surface liner external cylindrical surface.
9. according to the marmem buffer of the large stroke highly energy-consuming described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterized in that: in described Double-conical-surface, circle ring inner surface is cylndrical surface, and outer surface is two symmetrical conical surfaces; In Double-conical-surface, annulus aspect ratio conical surface liner is slightly high, and proportion is 1.01～1.02; The minimum diameter of Double-conical-surface inner circle ring outer surface, i.e. the diameter at outer surface two ends places, is taken as the mean value of conical surface liner internal surface maximum diameter and minimum diameter; Double-conical-surface inner circle ring wall is thick suitable with marmem cylindrical shell.
10. the marmem buffer of large stroke highly energy-consuming according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described small cross-sectional area marmem ring is circular section, rectangular cross-section or other polygonal cross-section.
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| CN104455050A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-25 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Transmission shaft crumple structure |
| CN104455050B (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2017-03-08 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of power transmission shaft collapsing structure |
| CN104405809A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-11 | 中国科学技术大学 | Annular spring type elastic-plastic cushioning energy absorption device |
| CN105605134A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-05-25 | 中国科学技术大学 | Open tensioner-ring energy consuming spring |
| CN107140239A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-09-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of spiral thermal change rigidity active control mechanism of SMA drivings |
| CN107140239B (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2019-04-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of spiral thermal change rigidity active control mechanism of SMA driving |
| CN112963501A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-15 | 浙江大学 | Return capsule buffering shell filled with phase-change material |
| CN113404166A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-17 | 衡水震泰隔震器材有限公司 | Three-dimensional shock insulation support |
| CN113404166B (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-04-12 | 衡水震泰隔震器材有限公司 | Three-dimensional shock insulation support |
| CN113700784A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-11-26 | 常州三众弹性技术有限公司 | Pull type annular spring and assembling method |
| CN114033819A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-11 | 华北水利水电大学 | Light-load annular spring |
| CN114033819B (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2023-03-10 | 华北水利水电大学 | Light-load annular spring |
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Application publication date: 20140813 |