CN113395010A - Saline solution performance-enhanced hydroelectric generator and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Saline solution performance-enhanced hydroelectric generator and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113395010A CN113395010A CN202010171643.8A CN202010171643A CN113395010A CN 113395010 A CN113395010 A CN 113395010A CN 202010171643 A CN202010171643 A CN 202010171643A CN 113395010 A CN113395010 A CN 113395010A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/14—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N3/00—Generators in which thermal or kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy by ionisation of a fluid and removal of the charge therefrom
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
Abstract
The invention discloses a saline solution performance-enhanced hydroelectric generator, which comprises a functionalized film with a nano conductive material layer and electrodes at two ends of the functionalized film, wherein the functionalized film comprises a hydrophobic area and a hydrophilic area at two ends; the part of the hydrophilic area provided with the lower electrode is always immersed in the aqueous solution, the part of the hydrophobic area provided with the upper electrode is always exposed out of the surface of the aqueous solution, and a solute concentration gradient constructed in the hydrophilic area in the water gasification process in the area between the upper electrode and the lower electrode enables a concentration difference diffusion potential to be formed between the two electrodes. The invention discloses a preparation method of a photovoltaic generator and an electricity generation integrated system based on the photovoltaic generator. By the invention, the water system solutions with different salinity can be effectively utilized to carry out continuous power generation, and the water system solution can be used as a power supply to be applied to power supply of electronics/electric appliances.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a photovoltaic generator with enhanced salt solution performance and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the consumption of traditional energy and the problem of environmental pollution caused by the traditional energy becoming more serious, the search for new environmental protection energy becomes an important subject in the face of all mankind. Traditional environment-friendly new energy sources (such as wind energy, water power, solar energy and the like) are widely developed, but the technologies are limited by the environment and resources to a certain extent, and expensive equipment investment is required. Therefore, the market still needs to develop a clean and cheap power generation technology which is less affected by the environment and has rich resources.
The method for capturing environmental energy by utilizing flowing potential constructed by absorbing environmental heat energy in the water circulation process is an emerging environmental energy capturing technology in recent years, and is called as a photovoltaic power generation technology. The technology can work in a normal temperature environment with water, and can realize long-time continuous electricity generation. However, further research shows that the hydroelectric generator based on the flowing potential cannot normally work in a saline solution environment, so how to develop a hydroelectric generator which can stably work in environments of high-salinity seawater, acid, alkali, industrial wastewater and the like is an important technical subject in the field of hydroelectric generation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the hydroelectric generator with enhanced saline solution performance, and the preparation method and the application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a saline solution performance-enhanced hydroelectric generator comprises a functionalized film with a nano conductive material layer, and an upper electrode and a lower electrode which are respectively arranged at two ends of the functionalized film in the length direction and are not intersected, wherein the functionalized film comprises a hydrophobic area and a hydrophilic area which are respectively arranged at two ends of the functionalized film in the length direction, the nano conductive material layer is provided with a conductive network formed by a nano conductive material in the hydrophobic area and the hydrophilic area, and the upper electrode and the lower electrode are respectively arranged in the hydrophobic area and the hydrophilic area and are communicated with the conductive network in the corresponding area; the part of the hydrophilic region, which is provided with the lower electrode, is always immersed in the aqueous solution, the part of the hydrophobic region, which is provided with the upper electrode, is always exposed outside the surface of the aqueous solution, and a concentration gradient of a solute, which is constructed in the hydrophilic region in the water gasification process in the region between the upper electrode and the lower electrode, enables a concentration difference diffusion potential to be formed between the two electrodes.
As one embodiment, the conductive network includes micro-scale and/or nano-scale non-planar structures located within and/or on the surface of the nano-conductive material layer.
As one embodiment, the shape of the non-planar structure comprises any one of a micropore, a tubular channel and a groove structure or a combination of at least two of the micropore, the tubular channel and the groove structure.
In one embodiment, the material of the nano conductive material layer is selected from at least one of carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal nanowires, conductive polymer materials, and conductive two-dimensional materials.
As one embodiment, the functionalized thin film further comprises an electrically insulating substrate material layer, and the nano conductive material layer is formed on one surface of the substrate material layer.
In one embodiment, the thickness of the nano conductive material layer is 0.01 to 100 μm, and/or the sheet resistance of the functionalized thin film is 0.01 to 30000 kilo-ohm.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a photovoltaic generator with enhanced salt solution performance, comprising the following steps:
providing a functionalized slurry, wherein the functionalized slurry comprises a solvent and a nano conductive material uniformly dispersed in the solvent;
coating the functionalized slurry on a substrate material layer to form a conductive film;
carrying out hydrophilization treatment on one end of the conductive film to obtain a partially hydrophilized conductive functional film;
a lower electrode and an upper electrode are formed on one end of the functionalized film after hydrophilization treatment and the other end of the functionalized film without hydrophilization treatment, respectively.
As one embodiment, the functionalized slurry is prepared by the following steps: the nano conductive material is obtained by fully dispersing the nano conductive material in an organic solvent, wherein the solvent comprises any one or the combination of more than two of ethanol, water, cyclohexane, normal hexane, acetone, toluene, benzene, trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride.
In one embodiment, the thickness of the functionalized slurry is 0.01 to 100 μm, and/or the sheet resistance of the functionalized thin film is 0.01 to 30000 kilo-ohm.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a use of the saline solution performance enhanced hydro-generator for a wearable sweat power generation system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) the photovoltaic generator with the enhanced salt solution performance provided by the invention adopts the conductive material with the micro-nano structure, which is simple to prepare, wide in application range, good in stability and easy to prepare in a large area, can obtain good electricity generating performance, achieves the purpose of directly obtaining energy from environmental water without any requirement on water and without special conditions from the outside, can be used as a power supply to supply power to various electronic/electrical equipment, and overcomes the defects in the prior art.
2) The preparation method of the hydroelectric generator provided by the invention has the characteristics of simple process, easiness in implementation, low requirement on substrate materials, cleanness, low cost, wide application and the like, and can construct a direct-current power supply system through series-parallel connection and other circuit designs to obtain high-quality energy.
3) The sweat power generation system based on the hydroelectric generator provided by the invention provides an innovative, easy-to-implement and effective wearable power generation technology. Compared with the prior art, the power generation is more stable, and the output performance is higher.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiment or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic generator with enhanced salt solution performance according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 1b is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic generator with enhanced salt solution performance according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a surface topography SEM image of a functionalized membrane of a photovoltaic generator with enhanced salt solution performance provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2b is an SEM image of another surface topography of a photovoltaic generator film with enhanced salt solution performance provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of data representing the performance of a salt solution enhanced hydroelectric generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the variation of the width of the functionalized thin film of a photovoltaic generator with enhanced performance of saline solution according to the embodiment of the invention, corresponding to the open-circuit voltage and the short-circuit current;
FIG. 5 is a graph of open-circuit voltage variation of a photovoltaic generator after stable operation in different solutions when the nano-conductive layers of the photovoltaic generator with enhanced performance of a salt solution provided by an embodiment of the present invention are respectively oxygen plasma treated carbon black (OCB) and untreated Carbon Black (CB);
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method for preparing a photovoltaic generator with enhanced salt solution performance according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a flexible wearable sweat power generation system provided by embodiments of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an electrical signal generated by a flexible wearable sweat power generation system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
The numbers in the figures illustrate the following:
1-a functionalized film;
2-an upper electrode;
3-a lower electrode;
4-a barrier layer;
11-a layer of nano-conductive material;
12-a layer of substrate material;
110-a conductive network;
1 a-a hydrophobic region;
1 b-hydrophilic region.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In view of the defects of the prior art, the inventor of the scheme provides the technical scheme of the invention through long-term research and a large amount of practice, and the main idea is to construct a photovoltaic generator with enhanced saline solution performance, to realize the direct utilization of water systems with the most abundant resources in the environment, including underground water, seawater, various saline solutions, industrial wastewater, acid liquor, alkali liquor and the like, to generate electricity, so that the photovoltaic generator is the cleanest, most abundant, cheapest, stable and less influenced by the environment, and provides a solution for solving the energy and environmental problems in the future, and has great significance. The technical solution, its implementation and principles, etc. will be further explained as follows.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the embodiment provides a saline solution performance enhanced hydroelectric generator, including a functionalized thin film 1, and an upper electrode 2 and a lower electrode 3 respectively disposed at two ends of the functionalized thin film 1 in the length direction and not intersecting with each other, where the functionalized thin film 1 has a nano conductive material layer 11, the functionalized thin film 1 includes a hydrophobic region 1a and a hydrophilic region 1b respectively disposed at two ends of the functionalized thin film in the length direction, the nano conductive material layer 11 is formed with a conductive network 110 formed by a nano conductive material in both the hydrophobic region 1a and the hydrophilic region 1b, and the upper electrode 2 and the lower electrode 3 are respectively disposed in the hydrophobic region 1a and the hydrophilic region 1b and are in conduction with the conductive network 110 in the corresponding region. When the device is used, the part of the hydrophilic area 1b, which is provided with the lower electrode 3, is always immersed in the aqueous solution, the part of the hydrophobic area 1a, which is provided with the upper electrode 2, is always exposed out of the surface of the aqueous solution, the lower electrode 3, the conductive network of the hydrophilic area 1b, the conductive network of the hydrophobic area 1a and the upper electrode 2 are sequentially conducted, and a solute concentration gradient constructed in the hydrophilic area in the water gasification process in the area between the upper electrode 2 and the lower electrode 3 enables a concentration difference diffusion potential to be formed between the two electrodes.
The conductive network 110 includes micro-scale and/or nano-scale non-planar structures located inside and/or on the surface of the nano conductive material layer 11, and the shape of the non-planar structures includes any one or a combination of at least two of structures such as micro-holes, tubular channels, grooves, and the like, for example, the non-planar structures may be groove-like structures on the surface, tubular structures penetrating through the interior, and micro-hole-like structures on the surface of the film, but is not limited thereto. Preferably, the micro-scale and/or nano-scale non-planar structure comprises a plurality of micro-scale and/or nano-scale holes formed by the nano conductive material in disordered arrangement, and the pore diameter of the micro-scale and/or nano-scale holes is 1-20000 nm.
In one embodiment, the material of the nano conductive material layer 11 is at least one selected from carbon black, carbon nanotube, graphene, metal nanowire, conductive polymer material, conductive two-dimensional material, and the like, but is not limited thereto, and is preferably carbon black.
In addition, the functionalized membrane 1 further comprises an electrically insulating substrate material layer 12, and the nano conductive material layer 11 is formed on one surface of the substrate material layer 12. The layer of substrate material 12 may comprise a flexible or/and rigid material, with relatively low requirements for the material. For example, the substrate material may include, but is not limited to, paper, cloth, silk, polymer material (polydimethylsiloxane), polyimide, polyethylene, etc., natural fiber, wood, glass, etc., insulator or material having large resistance, and is preferably cloth such as nylon cloth.
In one embodiment, the thickness of the nano conductive material layer 11 is 0.01 to 100 μm, and the sheet resistance of the functionalized thin film 1 is 0.01 to 30000 kilo-ohm.
In a specific embodiment, the salt solution performance-enhanced photovoltaic generator comprises a nano conductive material layer 11 with a micro-nano channel and a substrate material layer 12, wherein the nano conductive material layer 11 is made of conductive carbon black, and the substrate material layer 12 is made of an insulator or a material with higher impedance, such as paper, cloth, silk, high polymer materials (polydimethylsiloxane, polyimide, polyethylene and the like), natural fibers, wood, glass and the like. In this embodiment, the material of the nano conductive material layer 11 is selected from conductive carbon black, and the material of the substrate material layer 12 is cellulose fiber cloth. The surface of the nano conductive material layer 11 has a micro and/or nano multi-level composite structure, and the micro and/or nano multi-level composite structure comprises a non-planar micro structure and a nano structure. Fig. 2a and 2b show surface topography SEM images of the photovoltaic generator, from fig. 2a and 2b it can be clearly seen that the non-planar microstructure comprises a large number of micro-channels, the nanostructure comprises a plurality of nanochannels formed by carbon black particles in a disordered arrangement, and the thickness of the nano conductive material layer 11 is 1 micron.
Fig. 3 is a long-time real-time monitoring curve of the open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic generator when seawater is used as a water source. By designing the micron-nanometer multistage composite structure, the hydroelectric generator has good electricity generating performance.
Further, the inventors of the present invention have prepared nanogenerators with different widths by using the above process, and have found that when the width of the nanogenerator is changed, the open-circuit voltage is not changed, but the short-circuit current is increased with the increase of the width, and refer to fig. 4 for the corresponding change data.
In the above process, the inventors have made the above-mentioned various polymer materials into different resistance hydroelectric generators, and have found that when the resistance is greater than 1 kilo-ohm, the short-circuit current of the generator is reduced, and when the resistance is greater than 1 megaohm, the generated electricity cannot be generated well.
In this example, the present inventors have conducted detailed studies on the necessity of surface-regionalized hydrophilic treatment, and found that the hydroelectric generator cannot generate an electric signal well when the functionalized thin film is not subjected to hydrophilic treatment.
In sharp contrast, when the one-minute regionalized hydrophilic treatment was performed with oxygen plasma, the hydroelectric generator could continuously and stably generate a large voltage, which corresponds to the variation data shown in fig. 5. Preferably, the hydrophilically treated region and the non-hydrophilically treated region are respectively located at two ends of the film and are connected with each other, the sum of the areas of the hydrophilically treated region and the non-hydrophilically treated region is the total area of the functionalized film, and the hydrophilically treated region accounts for the majority.
In summary, the photovoltaic generator provided by the embodiment of the invention has the characteristics of simple process, easy implementation, low requirement on a substrate, cleanness, low cost, wide application and the like, adopts the conductive material with the micro-nano structure which is simple to prepare, wide in application range, good in stability and easy to prepare in a large area, can obtain good electricity generation performance, realizes that energy can be directly obtained from environmental water without any requirement on water and without giving special conditions from the outside, can be used as a power supply to supply power to various electronic/electrical equipment, and has the characteristics of stability, cleanness, small environmental limitation and long-term use.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 6, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic generator with enhanced performance of a salt solution, which includes the following steps:
and S01, providing a functionalized slurry, wherein the functionalized slurry comprises a solvent and nano conductive materials uniformly dispersed in the solvent.
As one embodiment, the functionalized slurry is prepared by the following steps: the nano conductive material is obtained after being fully dispersed in a solvent. The dispersion method includes ultrasonic dispersion, and the solvent is preferably an organic solvent including any one or a combination of two or more of ethanol, water, cyclohexane, n-hexane, acetone, toluene, benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and the like, but is not limited thereto, and ethanol is particularly preferred.
And S02, coating the functionalized slurry on the substrate material layer 12 to form a nano conductive material layer 11 film.
Preferably, this step applies the functionalized slurry coating onto the backing material layer 12 to form a conductive film, at least by dip coating: a layer of nano-conductive material 11.
Preferably, the thickness of the functionalized slurry is 0.01 to 100 μm, and the square resistance of the functionalized thin film 1 is 0.01 to 30000 kilo-ohm. In addition, other structures may or may not be distributed on the surface of the substrate material layer 12.
S03, one end of the conductive film is hydrophilized to obtain a partially hydrophilized conductive functionalized film 1.
The hydrophilization treatment of one end of the conductive film may be carried out by treating a continuous region, and the hydrophilization treatment may be carried out only on one end of the conductive film for placing in a solution, and the non-treatment or hydrophobization treatment may be carried out on the other end for exposure to air, and the hydrophilization treatment region may be connected to the hydrophobization treatment region, both of which regions together cover the surface region of the conductive film.
The hydrophilization treatment step includes: at least the obtained conductive film is modified with a polar functional group. Preferably, the modification method may include any one or a combination of two or more of a solution method, oxygen plasma treatment, ozone/ultraviolet treatment, and the like, but is not limited thereto, and oxygen plasma treatment is particularly preferable.
Preferably, the polar functional group as referred to herein includes, but is not limited to, carboxyl, hydroxyl, amino, and the like.
S04, forming the lower electrode 3 and the upper electrode 2 on the hydrophilized end of the functionalized membrane 1 and the non-hydrophilized end of the functionalized membrane, respectively.
And respectively bonding a layer of electrode material on the hydrophilic area for immersing the functionalized film 1 into the solution and the hydrophobic area exposed in the air by using silver paste, and forming the corresponding lower electrode 3 and the upper electrode 2 after curing and other processes.
More preferably, the method for preparing the hydroelectric generator of the embodiment may specifically include the following steps:
(1) preparation of functional slurry
Adding nano conductive materials (such as carbon black, carbon nano tubes, graphene, metal nano wires, conductive polymer materials, conductive two-dimensional materials and the like) into a solvent (organic solvents such as ethanol, water, chloroform, toluene, benzene, acetone, n-hexane and the like) for ultrasonic dispersion so as to ensure that the nano conductive materials are not agglomerated.
(2) Forming a layer of nano-conductive material 11 on a substrate
The functional slurry prepared above is used for constructing a nano conductive material layer 11 on a substrate material layer 12 (paper, cloth, silk, high polymer materials (polydimethylsiloxane, polyimide, polyethylene and the like), insulators such as natural fibers, wood, glass and the like or materials with high impedance) by a dip coating method, so as to form the functional film 1.
(3) Hydrophilization treatment of regionalized surfaces
And (3) carrying out surface hydrophilic treatment on the prepared functionalized membrane 1, wherein the surface treatment is carried out for 1 minute through oxygen plasma treatment to obtain the partially hydrophilic functionalized membrane 1.
In the preparation process, the inventor adopts the materials listed above to respectively prepare the functionalized thin films 1 with different resistances, and finds that when the thickness of the nano conductive material layer 11 of the functionalized thin film 1 is more than 0.1 μm and the resistance is less than 1 megaohm, the functionalized thin film can have a good electricity generating effect, in other words, if the thickness is less than 0.1 μm, the surface of the thin film cannot effectively form micro or/and nano channels, so the functionalized thin film cannot have a good capillary action, and the concentration gradient of the solute cannot be quickly formed.
The preparation method of the photovoltaic generator with the enhanced salt solution performance has the characteristics of simple process, easy implementation, low requirement on the substrate, wide application and the like.
Example 3
The invention also provides the application of the photovoltaic generator with the enhanced saline solution performance in generating electricity by utilizing environmental water. The electrical signal generated by the hydroelectric generator is continuous direct current and is used for driving direct current power supply equipment. The environmental water includes underground fresh water, river water, sea water, industrial wastewater, deionized water, various salt solutions and other water systems.
Moreover, the invention also provides a direct current power supply system which comprises the hydroelectric generator and an electrode for electrically connecting the hydroelectric generator.
As shown in fig. 7, this embodiment provides a wearable sweat power generation system with a hydro-generator with enhanced saline solution performance as an important component, and the wearable sweat power generation system includes the sweat power generator composed of the above-mentioned hydro-generator and a dc power supply system formed by an energy management system. The wearable sweat power generation system mainly comprises a functional film 1, an upper electrode 2, a lower electrode 3 and an interlayer 4, the functional film 1, the upper electrode 2 and the lower electrode 3 form a photovoltaic generator, the functional film 1 of the photovoltaic generator is positioned on the outer surface of the interlayer 4, the orthographic projection of the upper electrode 2 and a hydrophobic area 1a is positioned in the interlayer 4, the lower electrode 3 and at least part of a hydrophilic area 1b extend out of the interlayer 4 (the orthographic projection is positioned outside the interlayer 4), the interlayer 4 is used for being attached to the surface of a human body to play a role in blocking sweat, so that the sweat can be contacted with the part (the lower electrode 3 and at least part of the hydrophilic area 1b) which is not blocked by the interlayer 4, and therefore, a solute concentration gradient constructed in the hydrophilic area in the water gasification process between the upper electrode 2 and the lower electrode 3 enables differential diffusion potential to be formed between the two electrodes, and voltage is generated by the sweat, the electrical signal generated by the flexible wearable sweat generation system is schematically shown in fig. 8.
The material of the nano conductive material layer 11 is selected from multi-walled carbon nanotubes, the material of the substrate material layer 12 is glass, the nano conductive material layer 11 is prepared by a dip coating method after 50mg of multi-walled carbon nanotubes are ultrasonically dispersed in 200mL of ethanol, and then surface regionalization hydrophilic treatment is carried out on oxygen plasma.
In summary, the photovoltaic generator provided by the invention has the characteristics of simple process, easy implementation, low requirement on a substrate, cleanness, low cost, wide application and the like, adopts the conductive material with the micro-nano structure which is simple to prepare, wide in application range, good in stability and easy to prepare in a large area, can obtain good electricity generation performance, realizes that energy can be directly obtained from environmental water without any requirement on water and without giving special conditions to the outside, can be used as a power supply to supply power to various electronic/electrical equipment, and has the characteristics of stability, cleanness, small disturbance due to environmental limitation and long-term use.
The foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present application and it is noted that numerous modifications and adaptations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present application and are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The saline solution performance-enhanced hydroelectric generator is characterized by comprising a functionalized film (1) with a nano conductive material layer (11), and an upper electrode (2) and a lower electrode (3) which are respectively arranged at two ends of the functionalized film (1) in the length direction and do not intersect with each other, wherein the functionalized film (1) comprises a hydrophobic area (1a) and a hydrophilic area (1b) which are respectively arranged at two ends of the functionalized film in the length direction, the nano conductive material layer (11) is provided with a conductive network (110) formed by a nano conductive material in each of the hydrophobic area (1a) and the hydrophilic area (1b), and the upper electrode (2) and the lower electrode (3) are respectively arranged in the hydrophobic area (1a) and the hydrophilic area (1b) and are communicated with the conductive network (110) in the corresponding areas; the part of the hydrophilic region (1b) provided with the lower electrode (3) is always immersed in the aqueous solution, the part of the hydrophobic region (1a) provided with the upper electrode (2) is always exposed outside the surface of the aqueous solution, and a concentration gradient of solute constructed in the hydrophilic region in the water gasification process in the region between the upper electrode (2) and the lower electrode (3) enables a concentration difference diffusion potential to be formed between the two electrodes.
2. The saline solution performance enhanced hydroelectric generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said conductive network (110) comprises micro-and/or nano-scale non-planar structures located inside and/or on the surface of said layer of nano-conductive material (11).
3. The salt solution performance enhanced hydroelectric generator of claim 2, wherein the shape of the non-planar structure comprises any one of a microporous shape, a tubular channel, a grooved structure, or a combination of at least two thereof.
4. The salt solution performance-enhanced hydroelectric generator of claim 2, wherein the nano-conductive material layer (11) is made of at least one material selected from carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal nanowires, conductive polymer materials and conductive two-dimensional materials.
5. The saline solution performance enhanced hydroelectric generator of claim 4, wherein said functionalized membrane (1) further comprises an electrically insulating substrate material layer (12), said nano-conductive material layer (11) being formed on one surface of said substrate material layer (12).
6. The salt solution performance-enhanced hydroelectric generator according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the thickness of the nano-conductive material layer (11) is 0.01 to 100 μm, and/or the sheet resistance of the functionalized film (1) is 0.01 to 30000 kilo-ohms.
7. A preparation method of a photovoltaic generator with enhanced salt solution performance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing a functionalized slurry, wherein the functionalized slurry comprises a solvent and a nano conductive material uniformly dispersed in the solvent;
coating the functionalized slurry on a substrate material layer (12) to form a conductive film;
performing hydrophilization treatment on one end of the conductive film to obtain a partially hydrophilized conductive functionalized film (1);
a lower electrode (3) and an upper electrode (2) are formed on one end of the functionalized film (1) after hydrophilization treatment and the other end of the functionalized film without hydrophilization treatment.
8. The method for preparing a salt solution performance-enhanced hydroelectric generator according to claim 7, wherein the functionalized slurry is prepared by: the nano conductive material is obtained by fully dispersing the nano conductive material in an organic solvent, wherein the solvent comprises any one or the combination of more than two of ethanol, water, cyclohexane, normal hexane, acetone, toluene, benzene, trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride.
9. The method for preparing a hydroelectric generator with enhanced salt solution properties according to claim 7, wherein the thickness of the functionalized slurry is 0.01-100 μm, and/or the sheet resistance of the functionalized film (1) is 0.01-30000 kilo-ohms.
10. Use of a hydro-generator with enhanced saline solution properties according to any one of claims 1-6 in a wearable sweat power generation system.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010171643.8A CN113395010B (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2020-03-12 | Saline solution performance-enhanced hydroelectric generator and preparation method and application thereof |
| PCT/CN2020/084825 WO2021179395A1 (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2020-04-15 | Salt solution-based performance-enhanced water voltaic power generator, manufacturing method therefor, and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010171643.8A CN113395010B (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2020-03-12 | Saline solution performance-enhanced hydroelectric generator and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113395010A true CN113395010A (en) | 2021-09-14 |
| CN113395010B CN113395010B (en) | 2022-10-04 |
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| CN202010171643.8A Active CN113395010B (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2020-03-12 | Saline solution performance-enhanced hydroelectric generator and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN116041777A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-05-02 | 四川大学 | Photovoltaic power generation material, power generation device, preparation method and application of power generation device |
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| CN116041777A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-05-02 | 四川大学 | Photovoltaic power generation material, power generation device, preparation method and application of power generation device |
| CN116041777B (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2024-01-30 | 四川大学 | Photovoltaic power generation material, power generation device, preparation method and application of power generation device |
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| CN113395010B (en) | 2022-10-04 |
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