CN113383680A - Method for realizing restoration of bare land on top of island mountain - Google Patents
Method for realizing restoration of bare land on top of island mountain Download PDFInfo
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- CN113383680A CN113383680A CN202110461024.7A CN202110461024A CN113383680A CN 113383680 A CN113383680 A CN 113383680A CN 202110461024 A CN202110461024 A CN 202110461024A CN 113383680 A CN113383680 A CN 113383680A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for realizing bare land regreening on the top of a sea island mountain. The method realizes the re-greening of the bare land on the mountain tops of the islands by combining drainage with plant planting, the drainage is realized by arranging a drainage ditch from the mountain tops to the boundaries of the bare land, the plant planting is performed by planting herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees, the herbaceous plants are elephants, the shrubs are one or more than one of wild peony, Zanthoxylum avicens, litsea diver or myrtle, and the trees are the acacia taiwan. The invention adopts drainage measures to limit the water and soil loss area of the bare land on the top of the island mountain, and combines with plant planting measures to successfully realize the greening of the bare land on the top of the island mountain, thereby greatly improving the water and soil retention capacity of the bare land and having considerable necessity for improving the bare land environment on the top of the island mountain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection of bare land on the top of a sea island mountain. And more particularly, to a method for realizing bare land regreening on the top of a sea island mountain.
Background
Ecological environment protection and restoration become a major focus in the ecological field, and ecological restoration of bare sea island is also an important component, and gradually becomes a hot spot in current environmental protection research, for example, patent No. cn201210030968.x discloses a method for ecological restoration of bare sea island by using sewage sludge, which can reduce cost, make sewage sludge reenter the substance and energy cycle of natural environment, realize reduction, stabilization, harmlessness and recycling of sewage sludge, and can play a positive role in ecological restoration of special region of sea island.
The bare land on the top of the island is the highest part in the bare land of the island, and is more seriously stressed by wind relative to other parts of the bare land of the island, so that geographic ecological regions and ecological environments are more fragile, the disadvantages of thin and barren soil layers, large wind and high salinity exist, the top of the island is frequently washed by rainwater, and the water and soil loss is serious, but the current ecological restoration mode rarely pays attention to the greening of the bare land on the top of the island, a more effective method for controlling the water and soil loss of the bare land on the top of the island is lacked, a rapid vegetation restoration method for the special habitat is also lacked, the environment of the bare land on the top of the island is continuously deteriorated, and vicious circle is gradually formed, and the conventional ecological restoration method for the bare land on the top of the island is not suitable for ecological restoration of the bare land on the top of the island.
Therefore, there is a need to find a method for realizing the greening of the bare land on the top of the island mountain, which is quite necessary for improving the environment of the bare land on the top of the island mountain.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the method for regreening bare land on the top of the island mountain, the invention provides a method for regreening bare land on the top of the island mountain, which realizes regreening of bare land on the top of the island mountain, improves the water and soil conservation capacity of the bare land, and has considerable necessity for improving the bare land environment on the top of the island mountain.
The invention aims to provide a method for realizing bare land regreening on the top of a sea island mountain.
The invention also aims to provide application of the method in realizing bare land greening on the tops of the islands.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for realizing the bare land re-greening of the tops of islands and mountains, which is realized by combining drainage with plant planting; the drainage is realized by arranging drainage channels from the mountain tops to bare land boundaries; the plant is planted in herbaceous plants, shrubs and arbors; the herbaceous plant is elephant grass, the shrub is one or more of wild peony, avicennia avicensa, stropanthus divericatus or myrtle, and the arbor is acacia medicinalis.
The bare land on the mountain top of the island is the highest part in the bare land of the island, and is more seriously stressed by wind compared with other parts of the bare land of the island, the vegetation coverage rate is very low, the bare land area is large, the soil is sandy soil, and the water and soil loss is serious, so the invention adopts a mode of combining two measures of drainage and plant planting.
In the drainage measure, the position, the interval and the size of the drainage channel are designed according to each part of landform of the mountain top bare land, a drainage path is artificially manufactured, rainwater on the mountain top can be smoothly drained away from the drainage channel, few parts but not a large area of bare land are subjected to loss, a water and soil loss area is limited, the water and soil loss phenomenon of other vegetation recovery areas is effectively improved, and a more stable soil growth environment is ensured.
In the plant planting measures, whether the selected plant variety can accord with the law of natural succession or not and can be suitable for growing in the special climate environment or not needs to be considered, and because the herbaceous plants can be solidified while growing successfully in the early stage of succession, shrubs can grow successfully in a better soil environment, and then trees can grow slowly, the herbaceous plants, the shrubs and the trees are planted simultaneously, and through screening of multiple tests, the herbaceous plants are finally determined to be elephants, the shrubs are one or more of wild peony, Acanthopanax trifoliatus, stropanthus diversicoloris or myrtle, the trees are thought of Taiwan, and multiple plants are planted simultaneously, so that the rapid re-greening of the bare land on the mountain tops of islands in the sea can be finally realized.
Preferably, the plant is a 1-3 year old plant.
Preferably, the planting number ratio of the grasses, the shrubs and the trees is 35-45: 3-5: 1.
most preferably, the ratio of the number of vegetation, shrubs and trees planted is 40: 4: 1.
preferably, in the plant planting process, 100-500 g of nutrient soil is applied to each plant hole, and the plant is watered for 1-3 times per week and 0.5-1.5L/m once2。
Preferably, the drain channel consists of a plurality of parallel drain channels.
Further preferably, one end of the parallel drainage channel positioned on the bare land boundary is communicated with a drainage channel.
Further preferably, the width of the drainage ditch is 20-30 cm, and the depth is 10-15 cm.
Further preferably, in the drainage implementation process, the drainage channel is dredged in the first 3 months.
The invention adopts drainage measures to limit the water and soil loss area of the bare land on the top of the island mountain, and combines with plant planting measures to successfully realize the greening of the bare land on the top of the island mountain, thereby greatly improving the water and soil retention capacity of the bare land, and having considerable necessity for improving the environment of the bare land on the top of the island mountain, therefore, the application of the method in the aspect of realizing the greening of the bare land on the top of the island mountain is also in the protection range requested by the invention.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method for realizing bare land regreening on the top of a sea island mountain. The method realizes the re-greening of the bare land on the mountain tops of the islands by combining drainage with plant planting, the drainage is realized by arranging a drainage ditch from the mountain tops to the boundaries of the bare land, the plant planting is performed by planting herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees, the herbaceous plants are elephants, the shrubs are one or more than one of wild peony, Zanthoxylum avicens, litsea diver or myrtle, and the trees are abrus taiwan. The invention adopts drainage measures to limit the water and soil loss area of the bare land on the top of the island mountain, and combines with plant planting measures to successfully realize the greening of the bare land on the top of the island mountain, thereby greatly improving the water and soil retention capacity of the bare land and having considerable necessity for improving the bare land environment on the top of the island mountain.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the vegetation of bare mountaintop land taken in 2018, 4 and 27 months.
Fig. 2 shows the vegetation of the mountain top bare land photographed on 11/1/2019.
Fig. 3 shows the vegetation of the mountain top bare land photographed on 12, 24 and 2020.
Fig. 4 shows the vegetation of the mountain top in bare land during the early trial.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the following detailed description, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.
Unless otherwise indicated, reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.
The experimental site: the experimental area is a mountain top bare land of a triangular island in the southeast sea area of China, belongs to the oceanic climate of tropical and monsoon in south Asia, and has the average wind speed of 2.66 m/s. The average water content of the soil in the area is 24.25%, the conductivity is 1.84mS/cm, and the average temperature is 32.9 ℃; the average content of organic matters is 19.48g/kg, and the organic matters belong to medium-fertility soil; the average content of total phosphorus is 0.27g/kg, the average content of available phosphorus is 0.92mg/kg, and the total phosphorus is extremely deficient in nutrient level; the average content of total nitrogen is 0.87g/kg, and the total nitrogen belongs to a medium nutritional level; the average content of the hydrolyzable nitrogen is 94.83mg/kg, and the hydrolyzable nitrogen belongs to a richer nutrition level. Therefore, the nutrient content of the soil in the bare land on the top of the sea island is in a medium level, the soil is extremely deficient in phosphorus, and the nitrogen content is relatively rich.
Example 1
The first test method comprises the following steps:
(1) draining: in 10 months in 2018, artificial construction of drainage channels is started on the mountain top bare land of the triangular island, 15 parallel drainage channels from the mountain top to the bare land boundary are constructed, then 1 drainage channel communicated with one end, located on the bare land boundary, of the parallel drainage channels is constructed, the width of each drainage channel is 20-30 cm, the depth of each drainage channel is 10-15 cm, the position, the interval and the size of each drainage channel are designed according to the terrain of each part of the mountain top bare land, and the drainage channels are dredged in the first 3 months after construction;
(2) planting plants: in 2018, in 10 months, the ratio of the number of the components is 40: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1, planting 6 annual plants such as elephant grass, acacia confusa, wild peony, zanthoxylum avicens, stropanthus divericatus, myrtle and the like, applying 100g of phenanthrene nutrient soil in each plant hole, and watering for 1-3 times per week and 0.5-1.5L each time.
II, test results:
(1) and (3) overall vegetation recovery condition:
the vegetation condition of mountain top bare land is investigated in 2018, 4 and 27, and the vegetation coverage rate is only 20 percent (figure 1), and most of the vegetation coverage rate is sandy bare land; the vegetation coverage rate of 11 month and 1 day in 2019 reaches 65 percent (figure 2); the vegetation coverage rate reaches 70% in 12 and 24 days in 2020 (fig. 3). Therefore, after the mountain top bare land is restored for two years, the vegetation coverage is improved by 250 percent compared with that before restoration.
(2) Recovery of woody communities:
I. investigation before recovery:
4 samples of 5 × 5 were randomly drawn in the area on day 27 of 4 months in 2018 to investigate the colony, and 100m was found2The woody community in the sample prescription has 15 species, wherein streptocaulon, myrtle, wintercherry, kwangsiea and the like are dominant species, and the important value is more than 10; the important value of the community is more than 5, and the community also comprises trifoliate acanthopanax, stropanthus divericatus, casuarina equisetifolia and caulis spatholobi. The Gleason index before recovery was 3.25, the Margalef index was 3.51, the simpson index was 0.90, the shannon wiener index was 2.48, and the homogeneity was 0.91.
Survey two years after recovery:
the community investigation was performed again by randomly pulling 3 samples of 5 × 5 in this area on 24/12/2020. Found at 75m2Investigation ofThe woody community in the sample prescription has 21 species, Taiwan missing is the absolute dominant species of the woody community, the important value reaches 24.00, and the recovery effect of the woody community as a pioneer species with rapid growth is good; the sour vine is used as a protospecies and is a second dominant species in the woody community, and the important value reaches 15.90;
the other species with the important value more than 5 comprise casuarina equisetifolia, heloma cruentum and wild peony; important values of the planted myrtle, the planted stropanthus divericatus and the planted zanthoxylum avicens are 4.81, 4.28 and 4.23 respectively; zanthoxylum avicencens and Acanthoxylum avicens are species with great dominance degree increase after one year of recovery. The Gleason index of the woody colony in the mountain top bare land is improved to 4.86 after two years of recovery, the Margalef index is improved to 4.79, the Simpson index is improved to 0.94, the Shannon Weiner index is improved to 2.96, and the uniformity is improved to 0.97.
It can be seen that, after the bare land on the mountain top of the island is recovered for two years, the Taiwan acacia is an absolute dominant species in the woody community, and the diversity index of the five species is increased, which is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 biodiversity index Change of mountain bare land woody community
| Time | Gleason index | Margalef index | Simpson index | Number of Shannon Weina | Uniformity of the film |
| Before recovery | 3.25 | 3.51 | 0.9 | 2.48 | 0.91 |
| After 2 years of recovery | 4.86 | 4.79 | 0.94 | 2.96 | 0.97 |
(3) Recovery of herbs:
I. investigation before recovery:
in 2018, on 28 th 4 th month, 4 samples of 5 × 5 were randomly drawn on the tops of the islands, and the herbaceous layer in the area was investigated to find 100m2The survey area of (1) had only 4 herbs, of which the important value of awns reached 69.33, which were very sparse. The Gleason index before recovery was 2.89, the Margalef index boost was 0.67, the simpson index was 0.36, the shannon wiener index was 0.67, and the uniformity was 0.48.
Survey two years after recovery:
the colony was investigated by pulling 3 samples 1 × 1 at 25 days 12/2020, and found to be 3m2The survey sample prescription contains 5 species in total, the elephant grass is used as the transplanted soil-fixing pioneer grass species, the elephant grass is the absolute dominant species of the grass community, the important value reaches 59.55, the relative density reaches 65.51%, the relative significance reaches 72.29%, and the good recovery value is reflected. The other herbaceous species include herba Adhatodae Pekinensis, Dicranopteris pedata, radix Ampelopsis Grossdentata and dianella. The Gleason index of the area after recovery is increased to 4.55, the Margalef index is increased to 0.93, the Simpson index is increased to 0.54, the Shannon Weina index is increased to 1.03, and the uniformity is increased to 0.64.
Therefore, after the bare land on the top of the island is recovered for two years, elephant grass is used as an absolute dominant species in the herbaceous community, and the diversity indexes of the five species are all increased, so that final re-greening is realized, and the table 2 is specifically shown.
| Time | Gleason index | Margalef index | Simpson index | Number of Shannon Weina | Uniformity of the film |
| Before recovery | 2.89 | 0.67 | 0.36 | 0.67 | 0.48 |
| After 2 years of recovery | 4.55 | 0.93 | 0.54 | 1.03 | 0.64 |
The inventor also tries to transplant arbor and bush seeds, plant grasses and build drainage channels in the early period, and as a result, the greening effect on bare lands on the tops of islands is poor (figure 4), the coverage rate is only improved by 1-2% after 6 months, and arbor and bush plants can not survive basically for less than 1 year.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for realizing the bare land regreening on the mountain tops of islands is characterized in that the method is realized by combining drainage with plant planting; the drainage is realized by arranging drainage channels from the mountain tops to bare land boundaries; the plant is planted in herbaceous plants, shrubs and arbors; the herbaceous plant is elephant grass, the shrub is one or more of wild peony, avicennia avicensa, stropanthus divericatus or myrtle, and the arbor is acacia medicinalis in Taiwan.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plant is a 1-3 year old plant.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the planting number of the grasses, shrubs and trees is 35-45: 3-5: 1.
4. the method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the ratio of the number of vegetation, shrubs and trees planted is 40: 4: 1.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein in the planting process of the plants, 100-500 g of nutrient soil is applied in a hole of each plant, and the plants are watered for 1-3 times per week, wherein the application is carried out once per square meter by 0.5-1.5L.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the drain channel comprises a plurality of parallel drain channels.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the parallel drain channels are further interconnected at one end of the bare ground boundary by a drain channel.
8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the width of the drainage channel is 20-30 cm and the depth is 10-15 cm.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the draining is performed while dredging drain channels within the first 3 months.
10. Use of the method of claims 1 to 9 for achieving resurfacing of bare land on the top of an island.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115104502A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-09-27 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | Preparation method and application of ecological garden covering |
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| CN108605572A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-10-02 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | A method of structure coral island shelter-forest |
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