CN113235673A - Landslide test device considering soil arch effect behind anti-slide pile and using method thereof - Google Patents
Landslide test device considering soil arch effect behind anti-slide pile and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 185
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
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Abstract
The invention discloses a landslide test device considering the soil arch effect after an anti-slide pile and a using method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 1) leveling the test bed and the test groove; 2) adjusting the included angle between the slot and the test slot according to the test requirement; 3) inserting a plurality of model piles into the slots; 4) setting a test stroke of the jack; 5) preparing a soil sample and filling the soil sample into a test groove; 6) wiring the soil pressure sensor to a data acquisition device and a terminal; 7) adjusting the inclination of the test cell to a predetermined value; 8) starting the jack to push the push plate and the soil sample; 9) and the soil pressure sensor sends the acquired information to the data acquisition device and the terminal for analysis and processing. The method can intuitively reproduce the soil slope instability process under the conditions of different slope angles, different soil and stone types, different water contents and different gradation, can intuitively reproduce the soil slope instability process under the conditions of different slide-resistant pile retaining, evaluates the supporting effect of the slide-resistant pile, and well meets the requirements of model tests.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering ground disaster prevention and control, in particular to a landslide test device considering the rear soil arch effect of an anti-slide pile and a using method thereof.
Background
The slope stability problem relates to the construction and safety of a series of major projects such as water conservancy and traffic, is paid more attention by construction-related units and researchers, and is one of the research hot topics in geological engineering, geotechnical engineering, highway engineering, hydraulic engineering and other related fields in China, particularly in western regions. After the landslide causes disasters, the method (pre) reinforces the instability and the potential instability slope, and is a main way for effectively lightening or avoiding the landslide disasters. In a plurality of slope reinforcement engineering measures, the method for supporting and retaining the slide-resistant piles is a common technical means, clearly reveals the mechanical action mechanism of the slide-resistant piles and the slope instability mechanism under the supporting action of the slide-resistant piles, and is a precondition for accurately carrying out design calculation and support effect evaluation of the slide-resistant piles. The indoor physical model test is widely applied to landslide problem research as a research method which is high in reliability, small in occupied space and relatively easy to realize.
As is known, after a slope body is reinforced by an anti-slide pile, a local soil body behind the pile and other soil bodies have relative displacement, and soil pressure is transferred from a sliding soil body to a static soil body near the back of the pile, so that a soil arch is formed. Due to the existence of the soil arch, the internal stress distribution of the slope body is not uniform any more, and the instability mechanism is different from that of the case of no anti-slide pile retaining. The slope instability mechanism under the supporting effect of the anti-slide pile needs to be accurately simulated, the test equipment is required to be capable of reasonably adjusting the slope inclination angle, reasonably simulating and identifying the soil arch effect of the soil body behind the pile, and the test equipment has higher requirements on instruments and devices used for the test. The existing model test device can not reasonably set the slide-resistant pile, or is difficult to prepare a sample, or is complicated in test process, so that the requirement of a model test is difficult to well meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a landslide test device considering the soil arch effect behind an anti-slide pile and a using method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the aim of the invention is that the landslide test device considering the soil arch effect after the anti-slide pile comprises a base, a test bed, a mandril, a slot, a model pile and a test groove.
The test bench sets up on the horizontally base, and interval arrangement has connecting plate I and connecting plate III on the test bench.
The test groove above the test bed is a rectangular box body with an open upper part, the two ends of the test groove along the length direction are respectively marked as the front end and the rear end, and the front end of the test groove is open.
The side wall at the rear end of the test groove is marked as a back plate, the two side walls of the test groove parallel to the length direction of the test groove are marked as side plates, and the side plates are made of transparent materials.
The test groove is internally provided with a push plate, the push plate is vertical to the length direction of the test groove, and a plurality of jacks are connected between the push plate and the back plate.
A plurality of through holes for installing the slots are formed in the bottom plate of the test groove, the through holes are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the test groove, and the through holes are located on one side, back to the back plate, of the push plate.
And the model pile rotating shaft parallel to the width direction of the test groove sequentially penetrates through the through holes, one end of the model pile rotating shaft extends out of the bottom plate, the extending end is provided with an external thread, and the fastening nut is screwed into the extending end of the model pile rotating shaft.
The inserting grooves are respectively installed in the corresponding through holes and fixedly connected with the model pile rotating shafts, the lower ends of the model piles are inserted into the corresponding inserting grooves, the model piles are provided with a plurality of soil pressure sensors facing one side of the push plate, and the soil pressure sensors are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the model piles.
The ejector rod is a telescopic rod, one end of the ejector rod is hinged to the connecting plate III, and the other end of the ejector rod is hinged to the bottom plate.
During testing, the test groove is leveled, the included angle between the model pile and the bottom plate is adjusted to a preset angle, then soil and stone materials are filled between the push plate and the model pile, the test groove is adjusted to a preset inclination degree through the ejector rod, the jack is started to apply force to the push plate and the soil and stone materials, and the soil pressure sensor records pressure data of the whole test process.
Further, the test bench is the cuboid structure, all is provided with the lower margin on four angles of test bench lower surface, and the test bench adjusts to the horizontality through the nut of lower margin.
Furthermore, the lower surface of the bottom plate is connected with a foot pad, and the foot pad is close to the rear end of the test groove.
Furthermore, the connecting plate I is hinged to the bottom plate through a rotating shaft of the test groove, and the rotating shaft of the test groove is perpendicular to the length direction of the test groove.
Furthermore, an inclination angle scale is arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft of the test groove.
Furthermore, the cross section of the model pile is square or circular, the slot is of a square structure, and a groove matched with the cross section of the model pile is formed in the upper surface of the slot.
Based on the application method of the landslide test device considering the soil arch effect behind the slide-resistant pile, the method comprises the following steps:
1) and leveling the test bed and the test groove.
2) And loosening the fastening nut on the rotating shaft of the model pile, adjusting the included angle between the slot and the bottom plate according to the test requirement, and then screwing the fastening nut.
3) And inserting a plurality of model piles into the corresponding slots.
4) Setting the test stroke of the jack within 10% of the maximum stroke of the jack.
5) And preparing a soil sample meeting the test requirements, and filling the soil sample into the test tank according to the requirements.
6) And connecting the soil pressure sensor to a data acquisition device and a terminal.
7) And adjusting the length of the top rod to adjust the inclination of the test tank to a preset value.
8) And starting the jack, and pushing the push plate and the soil sample by the jack with preset output force and preset stroke.
9) And the soil pressure sensor sends the acquired information to a data acquisition device and a terminal for analysis and processing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the instability process of the soil slope under the conditions of different slope angles, different soil and stone types, water content and gradation can be visually reproduced;
2. the instability process of the soil slope under different slide-resistant pile retaining conditions can be visually reproduced, and the retaining effect of the slide-resistant piles is evaluated;
3. the position of a potential slip surface in the soil slope can be observed and determined through the side plates;
4. the arch height and the arch span of the horizontal soil arch on the surface of the slope body can be measured through observation, and the soil arch shape is described;
5. the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the data and the image data in the test process can be conveniently collected;
6. the device can be used for carrying out soil arch tests of various soils;
7. the method can be used for carrying out physical simulation of the catastrophe process of the bedding rock slope instability under the supporting and retaining action of the slide-resistant pile;
8. the method can be used for carrying out physical simulation of the anti-inclination rock slope instability catastrophe process under the supporting and retaining action of the anti-slide pile;
9. the method can be used for carrying out physical simulation of the buckling catastrophe process of the jointed rock slope under the supporting and retaining action of the slide-resistant pile.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a test cell;
FIG. 3 is a grading curve of soil and stone materials;
FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view of the structure of area A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the test cell.
In the figure: the device comprises a base 1, a test bed 2, feet 3, a top rod 4, a fastening nut 6, a test groove rotating shaft 10, an inclination angle scale 11, a slot 12, a model pile 13, a foot gasket 14, a test groove 15, a model pile rotating shaft 16, a soil pressure sensor 17, a push plate 18, a back plate 20, a side plate 21, a bottom plate 22, a jack 23, a connecting plate I24, a connecting plate III 26 and a through hole 27.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention and the scope of the invention is covered by the present invention according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
Example 1:
the embodiment discloses a landslide test device considering the soil arch effect behind an anti-slide pile, which comprises a base 1, a test bed 2, a mandril 4, a slot 12, a model pile 13 and a test groove 15.
Referring to fig. 1, the test bed 2 is arranged on a horizontal base 1, the test bed 2 is of a cuboid structure, four corners of the lower surface of the test bed 2 are provided with feet 3, and the test bed 2 is adjusted to be in a horizontal state through nuts of the feet 3.
And a connecting plate I24 and a connecting plate III 26 are arranged on the test bed 2 at intervals.
The test groove 15 above the test bed 2 is a rectangular box body with an open upper part, the two ends of the test groove 15 along the length direction are respectively marked as the front end and the rear end, and the front end of the test groove 15 is open.
Referring to fig. 2, the side wall at the rear end of the test cell 15 is denoted as a back plate 20, the two side walls of the test cell 15 parallel to the length direction thereof are denoted as side plates 21, the side plates 21 are high-strength transparent organic glass plates, and the back plate 20 is a steel plate.
A push plate 18 is arranged in the test groove 15, the push plate 18 is vertical to the length direction of the test groove 15, and a plurality of jacks 23 are connected between the push plate 18 and the back plate 20. The push plate 18 is a steel plate and can move along the bottom plate 22 of the test groove 15 under the pushing action of a jack 23.
The bottom plate 22 of the test groove 15 is provided with a plurality of through holes 27 for the installation of the slots 12, the through holes 27 are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the test groove 15, and the through holes 27 are positioned on one side of the push plate 18 back to the back plate 20. The bottom plate 22 is a steel plate.
The connecting plate I24 is hinged with the bottom plate 22 through the test groove rotating shaft 10, and the hinged position is located between the through hole 27 and the front end of the test groove 15. Referring to fig. 4, an end of the test bath rotating shaft 10 is provided with a tilt scale 11, and the tilt scale 11 is used for reading the current tilt angle of the test bath 15.
Referring to fig. 5, the model pile rotating shaft 16 parallel to the width direction of the test slot 15 sequentially passes through a plurality of through holes 27, one end of the model pile rotating shaft 16 extends out of the bottom plate 22, the extending end is provided with external threads, and the fastening nut 6 is screwed into the extending end of the model pile rotating shaft 16. The model pile pivot 16 can pivot on the base plate 22 when the fastening nut 6 is in the unscrewed state.
The plurality of slots 12 are respectively installed in the corresponding through holes 27 and are all fixedly connected with the model pile rotating shaft 16.
The cross section of the model pile 13 is square or circular, the slot 12 is of a square structure, and the upper surface of the slot 12 is provided with a groove matched with the cross section of the model pile 13. The lower ends of a plurality of model piles 13 are inserted into the corresponding slots 12, a plurality of soil pressure sensors 17 are installed on one side of the model piles 13 facing the push plate 18, and the plurality of soil pressure sensors 17 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the model piles 13.
The ejector rod 4 is a telescopic rod, one end of the ejector rod 4 is hinged to the connecting plate III 26, the other end of the ejector rod 4 is hinged to the bottom plate 22, the length of the ejector rod 4 is adjusted, the test groove 15 rotates around the test groove rotating shaft 10, and then the inclination angle of the test groove 15 is adjusted.
The lower surface of the bottom plate 22 is connected with a foot pad 14, the foot pad 14 is close to the rear end of the test groove 15, and the foot pad 14 is mainly used for flexibly contacting the upper surface of the test bed 2 when the test groove 15 is adjusted to be horizontal.
During testing, the test groove 15 is leveled, the included angle between the model pile 13 and the bottom plate 22 is adjusted to a preset angle, then soil and stone materials are filled between the push plate 18 and the model pile 13, the test groove 15 is adjusted to a preset inclination degree through the ejector rod 4, the jack 23 is started to apply force to the push plate 18 and the soil and stone materials, and the soil pressure sensor 17 records pressure data of the whole testing process.
It should be noted that the test apparatus of this embodiment can also test the stability of the soil body of the side slope, and during the test, only the model piles 13 need to be removed, and the soil body in the test groove 15 is adjusted to the inclination of the free surface to perform the test.
Example 2:
the embodiment discloses a use method of the landslide test device considering the soil arch effect after the slide pile based on embodiment 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) and adjusting the ground feet 3, leveling the test bed 2, and leveling the test tank 15.
2) Loosening the fastening nut 6 on the model pile rotating shaft 16, adjusting the included angle between the slot 12 and the test slot 15 to 75 degrees according to the test requirement, and then tightening the fastening nut 6 to enable the fastening nut 6 to be tightly abutted against the bottom plate 22, so as to fix the included angle between the slot 12 and the bottom plate 22.
3) A plurality of the model pegs 13 are inserted into the corresponding slots 12. Wherein, the model pile 13 can be a square pile or a round pile.
4) The test stroke of the jack 23 is set to be within 10% of the maximum stroke of the jack 23, and the present embodiment is set to be 5% of the maximum stroke.
5) Preparing a soil sample meeting the test requirements, and filling a model side slope in the test tank 15 according to the external dimensions of the slope body such as the height of the blank surface, the slope angle, the slope height and the like required by the test conditions and the soil parameters such as soil body gradation, water content, pore ratio and the like. In this example, test soil and rock materials were prepared with reference to the soil and rock material grading curve shown in FIG. 3 and at a dry density of 1.9g/cm3And evenly laid between the slide-resistant piles 13 and the push plates 18 in the test groove 15.
6) And connecting the soil pressure sensor 17 to a data acquisition device and a terminal, wherein the data acquisition device is a static stress-strain tester.
7) The length of the ejector rod 4 is adjusted, the inclination of the test groove 15 is adjusted to 15 degrees, and the adjustment process is accurately judged by observing the inclination angle scale 11.
8) The jack 23 is actuated, and the jack 23 pushes the push plate 18 and the soil sample with a predetermined output force and a predetermined stroke. In the present embodiment, the predetermined output force is set to 50N.
9) The soil pressure sensor 17 sends collected information to the data acquisition device and the terminal for analysis and processing to obtain soil pressure data of different positions of the slide-resistant piles, soil displacement processes of all parts of the model slope are observed through the side plates 21, potential sliding positions of the slope are analyzed, and positions and shapes of surface horizontal soil arches are obtained through observing the model plane according to motion states, displacement and density states of soil particles.
Example 3:
the embodiment discloses a landslide test device considering the soil arch effect behind an anti-slide pile, which comprises a base 1, a test bed 2, a mandril 4, a slot 12, a model pile 13 and a test groove 15.
Referring to fig. 1, the test bed 2 is arranged on a horizontal base 1, and a connecting plate i 24 and a connecting plate iii 26 are arranged on the test bed 2 at intervals.
Referring to fig. 2, the test tank 15 above the test bed 2 is a rectangular box with an open top, two ends of the test tank 15 along the length direction are respectively marked as a front end and a rear end, and the front end of the test tank 15 is open.
The side wall at the rear end of the test tank 15 is marked as a back plate 20, the two side walls of the test tank 15 parallel to the length direction thereof are marked as side plates 21, and the side plates 21 are made of transparent materials.
A push plate 18 is arranged in the test groove 15, the push plate 18 is vertical to the length direction of the test groove 15, and a plurality of jacks 23 are connected between the push plate 18 and the back plate 20.
The bottom plate 22 of the test groove 15 is provided with a plurality of through holes 27 for the installation of the slots 12, the through holes 27 are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the test groove 15, and the through holes 27 are positioned on one side of the push plate 18 back to the back plate 20.
Referring to fig. 5, the model pile rotating shaft 16 parallel to the width direction of the test slot 15 sequentially passes through a plurality of through holes 27, one end of the model pile rotating shaft 16 extends out of the bottom plate 22, the extending end is provided with external threads, and the fastening nut 6 is screwed into the extending end of the model pile rotating shaft 16.
The slots 12 are respectively installed in the corresponding through holes 27 and are fixedly connected with the model pile rotating shaft 16, the lower ends of the model piles 13 are inserted into the corresponding slots 12, one side of the model pile 13 facing the push plate 18 is provided with a plurality of soil pressure sensors 17, and the soil pressure sensors 17 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the model pile 13.
The ejector rod 4 is a telescopic rod, one end of the ejector rod 4 is hinged to the connecting plate III 26, and the other end of the ejector rod 4 is hinged to the bottom plate 22.
During testing, the test groove 15 is leveled, the included angle between the model pile 13 and the bottom plate 22 is adjusted to a preset angle, then soil and stone materials are filled between the push plate 18 and the model pile 13, the test groove 15 is adjusted to a preset inclination degree through the ejector rod 4, the jack 23 is started to apply force to the push plate 18 and the soil and stone materials, and the soil pressure sensor 17 records pressure data of the whole testing process.
Example 4:
the main structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, and further, referring to fig. 1, the test bed 2 is of a cuboid structure, four corners of the lower surface of the test bed 2 are provided with feet 3, and the test bed 2 is adjusted to a horizontal state through nuts of the feet 3.
Example 5:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, and further, referring to fig. 1, a foot pad 14 is connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate 22, and the foot pad 14 is close to the rear end of the test groove 15.
Example 6:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, and further, referring to fig. 1, the connecting plate i 24 is hinged to the bottom plate 22 through the test slot rotating shaft 10, and the test slot rotating shaft 10 is perpendicular to the length direction of the test slot 15.
Example 7:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, and further, referring to fig. 4, an inclination angle scale 11 is provided at an end of the rotation shaft 10 of the test tank.
Example 8:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, and further, referring to fig. 1, the cross section of the model pile 13 is square or circular, the slot 12 is a square structure, and the upper surface of the slot 12 is provided with a groove matched with the cross section of the model pile 13.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a take into account landslide test device of soil arch effect behind friction pile which characterized in that: comprises a base (1), a test bed (2), a mandril (4), a slot (12), a model pile (13) and a test groove (15);
the test bed (2) is arranged on the horizontal base (1), and the test bed (2) is provided with a connecting plate I (24) and a connecting plate III (26) at intervals;
the test groove (15) positioned above the test bed (2) is a rectangular box body with an opening at the upper part, two ends of the test groove (15) along the length direction are respectively marked as the front end and the rear end, and the front end of the test groove (15) is in an opening shape;
the side wall of the rear end of the test groove (15) is marked as a back plate (20), the two side walls of the test groove (15) parallel to the length direction of the test groove are marked as side plates (21), and the side plates (21) are made of transparent materials;
a push plate (18) is arranged in the test groove (15), the push plate (18) is vertical to the length direction of the test groove (15), and a plurality of jacks (23) are connected between the push plate (18) and the back plate (20);
a bottom plate (22) of the test groove (15) is provided with a plurality of through holes (27) for installing the slots (12), the through holes (27) are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the test groove (15), and the through holes (27) are positioned on one side of the push plate (18) back to the back plate (20);
the model pile rotating shaft (16) parallel to the width direction of the test groove (15) sequentially penetrates through the through holes (27), one end of the model pile rotating shaft (16) extends out of the bottom plate (22), an external thread is arranged at the extending end, and the fastening nut (6) is screwed into the extending end of the model pile rotating shaft (16);
the slots (12) are respectively installed in the corresponding through holes (27) and fixedly connected with the model pile rotating shaft (16), the lower ends of the model piles (13) are inserted into the corresponding slots (12), one side of each model pile (13) facing the push plate (18) is provided with a plurality of soil pressure sensors (17), and the soil pressure sensors (17) are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the model pile (13);
the ejector rod (4) is a telescopic rod, one end of the ejector rod (4) is hinged with the connecting plate III (26), and the other end of the ejector rod (4) is hinged with the bottom plate (22);
during testing, the test groove (15) is leveled, the included angle between the model pile (13) and the bottom plate (22) is adjusted to a preset angle, then soil and stone materials are filled between the push plate (18) and the model pile (13), the test groove (15) is adjusted to a preset inclination degree through the ejector rod (4), the jack (23) is started to apply force to the push plate (18) and the soil and stone materials, and the soil pressure sensor (17) records pressure data of the whole testing process.
2. A landslide test apparatus considering the soil arching effect behind a slide resistant pile according to claim 1 wherein: the test bench (2) is of a cuboid structure, four corners of the lower surface of the test bench (2) are provided with ground feet (3), and the test bench (2) is adjusted to be in a horizontal state through nuts of the ground feet (3).
3. A landslide test apparatus considering the soil arching effect after a slide pile according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the lower surface of the bottom plate (22) is connected with a foot pad (14), and the foot pad (14) is close to the rear end of the test groove (15).
4. A landslide test apparatus considering the soil arching effect after a slide pile according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the connecting plate I (24) is hinged to the bottom plate (22) through a test groove rotating shaft (10), and the test groove rotating shaft (10) is perpendicular to the length direction of the test groove (15).
5. A landslide test apparatus considering the soil arching effect behind a slide resistant pile as claimed in claim 4 wherein: an inclination angle scale (11) is arranged at the end part of the test groove rotating shaft (10).
6. A landslide test apparatus considering the soil arching effect behind a slide resistant pile according to claim 1 wherein: the cross section of the model pile (13) is square or circular, the slot (12) is of a square structure, and a groove matched with the cross section of the model pile (13) is formed in the upper surface of the slot (12).
7. The use method of the landslide test device considering the soil arching effect after the slide-resistant pile is based on claim 1, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) leveling the test bed (2) and the test trough (15);
2) loosening the fastening nut (6) on the model pile rotating shaft (16), adjusting the included angle between the slot (12) and the bottom plate (22) according to the test requirement, and then screwing the fastening nut (6);
3) inserting a plurality of the model piles (13) into the corresponding slots (12);
4) setting the test stroke of the jack (23) to be within 10% of the maximum stroke of the jack (23);
5) preparing a soil sample meeting the test requirements, and filling the soil sample into a test tank (15) according to the requirements;
6) wiring the soil pressure sensor (17) to a data acquisition device and a terminal;
7) adjusting the length of the ejector rod (4) and adjusting the inclination of the test groove (15) to a preset value;
8) starting the jack (23), wherein the jack (23) pushes the push plate (18) and the soil sample with preset output force and preset stroke;
9) and the soil pressure sensor (17) sends the acquired information to a data acquisition device and a terminal for analysis and processing.
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| CN202110506912.6A CN113235673A (en) | 2021-05-10 | 2021-05-10 | Landslide test device considering soil arch effect behind anti-slide pile and using method thereof |
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| CN202110506912.6A CN113235673A (en) | 2021-05-10 | 2021-05-10 | Landslide test device considering soil arch effect behind anti-slide pile and using method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210810 |