CN108760370B - Multi-angle inclined rock stratum roadway support similarity simulation test device and test method - Google Patents
Multi-angle inclined rock stratum roadway support similarity simulation test device and test method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108760370B CN108760370B CN201810587973.8A CN201810587973A CN108760370B CN 108760370 B CN108760370 B CN 108760370B CN 201810587973 A CN201810587973 A CN 201810587973A CN 108760370 B CN108760370 B CN 108760370B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- roadway
- coal
- angle
- frame
- similar materials
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a multi-angle inclined rock stratum roadway support similarity simulation test device and a test method, wherein the test device comprises a base, and further comprises the following steps: one end of the rotating frame is hinged with one end of the base, the other end of the rotating frame is connected with the other end of the base through an angle adjusting mechanism, and the angle adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the rotating angle of the rotating frame relative to the base; the frame mold is placed on the rotating frame, and a coal stratum similar material is paved in the frame mold; the anchor rod supporting roadway shell is fixed on the side wall of the frame die and is positioned in the coal stratum similar material; a loading unit for applying a load to the coal formation-like material; and the data monitoring unit is used for collecting experimental data of the coal rock stratum similar materials. The utility model can be suitable for simulating different roadway support schemes, and can realize the differential adjustment of the inclination angles among rock formations in similar materials of coal rock formations.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of mine support tests, in particular to a simulation test device and a simulation test method for the similarity of an anchor bolt support roadway.
Background
The roadway is an essential passage for mining the underground coal mine, and according to statistics, the total length of new tunneling roadway in the coal mine in China reaches 12000km each year, the roadway support engineering scale is huge, and the safety, the yield and the benefit of the coal mine are obviously affected. The anchor bolt support technology is used for stabilizing surrounding rock by drilling holes in the tunneled surrounding rock of the roadway and inserting anchor bolts into the holes, and fully utilizing the self strength of the surrounding rock. The anchor bolt supporting technology can effectively control the deformation and damage of surrounding rock, improve the stress state of the surrounding rock, and a large number of geotechnical engineering practices at home and abroad prove that the factors influencing the anchor bolt supporting effect are many, wherein the bedding structure and the physical and mechanical properties of the rock mass are important influencing factors. At present, with the increase of mining depth, mining range and mining intensity of an underground coal mine, the geological conditions such as basin, fault, fold, erosion and the like are endlessly layered, the roadway anchor bolt supporting difficulty is increased, the problems of overlarge inclination angle of a coal bed and inclination angle difference between surrounding rock strata are faced, and accidents such as roadway caving, roof falling and the like are more likely to occur. Therefore, if the roadway support effect is simulated by combining with the field engineering geological conditions by using a similar simulation test, the optimal anchoring parameters are obtained by the simulation result, and the field anchoring scheme is reversely deduced by using the simulated optimal anchoring parameters, so that a test basis is provided for the design and optimization of the anchor bolt support scheme.
The Chinese patent application No. 201310024637X discloses a simulation comprehensive test device for anchor bolt supporting construction, which is a test device capable of simulating roadway anchor bolt supporting in a three-dimensional state, but when the anchor bolt supporting is simulated, not only the inclination change of a coal bed is ignored, but also the inclination difference between rock beds is ignored, and only the anchor bolt supporting of a coal bed with a fixed inclination can be simulated, so that the simulation comprehensive test device is an ideal state simulation, can be used as a teaching test device for demonstrating how an anchor bolt supports a roadway for students, but has insufficient guiding value for coal mine construction due to separation from reality. The patent application No. 201720199180.X provides a similar simulation material experimental device for supporting and deforming surrounding rock of a roadway, which simulates the influence of lateral stress on coal mine mining damage by applying force to similar materials in the horizontal direction, but cannot accurately monitor the stress change of a supporting anchor rod of the roadway and the deformation condition of surrounding rock of the roadway, and cannot be used in a rock stratum at the top of the roadway with a large inclination angle. The utility model patent with the application number of CN 201410483291.4 provides a large-scale roadway support laboratory simulation system, adopts an electric drilling machine to drill a roadway and install an anchor rod, and adopts an acoustic emission method to monitor the support effect under the loading effect of side pressure and axle pressure, but the anchor rod has poor cohesiveness with surrounding rock in the installation process, so that the anchor rod is easy to fall off, the roadway support effect is influenced, and meanwhile, the support effect of a rock stratum at the top of the roadway with a large inclination angle cannot be simulated.
In order to make the simulation more consistent with the site, the utility model patent with the Chinese patent application number of 201510511652. X provides a physical analog simulation device for inclined strata, which adopts a beam suspension and underframe jack supporting mode to adjust the angle of an inclinable frame so as to adapt to the inclination of the strata, but does not involve the differential adjustment of the inclination angles among the strata; the utility model patent with the Chinese patent application number of 201620679270.4 provides a dip angle adjustable steep coal seam mining simulation experiment frame, and the utility model is characterized in that in practical application, the angle adjustment of a coal stratum is realized by cushioning cushion blocks with different heights under the experiment frame as shown in the paragraph [ 0047 ], and the adjustment mode is a rough mode, so that the accurate control of the angle is not easy to realize, and the situation of the site cannot be simulated; in addition, it is seen from the description of paragraph [ 0042 ], that it requires upper and lower strata to be disposed parallel to the coal seam during simulation experiments, which means that it ignores the inclination angle difference between strata. The utility model patent with the Chinese patent application number of 201510689917.1 provides a full-automatic similar simulation test device capable of simulating an inclined rock stratum, the processes of similar material laying, test loading and the like are controlled by a control system, the excavation of the inclined rock stratum can be simulated, but the adjustable angle range of the rock stratum is smaller, and difficulties exist in simulating the rock stratum with a large inclination angle. In addition, none of the above patents relate to roadway anchor supports.
In summary, how to improve the existing anchor bolt supporting roadway analogue simulation device, the inclination angle between rock strata can be adjusted in a differentiated mode, accurate monitoring of the stress of the anchor bolt in the indoor test simulation process is achieved, the requirement of indoor research of the anchor bolt supporting is met, and the problem to be solved is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model mainly solves the technical problems in the prior art, thereby providing a multi-angle inclined rock stratum roadway support similar simulation test device and a test method with high experimental precision for realizing the differential detection of the inclination angles among rock strata, and providing test basis for the design and optimization of an anchor bolt support scheme.
The technical problems of the utility model are mainly solved by the following technical proposal:
the utility model provides a multi-angle inclined stratum roadway support similarity simulation test device which comprises a base, a rotating frame, a frame die, an anchor rod support roadway shell, a loading unit and a data monitoring unit, wherein:
one end of the rotating frame is hinged on the base, and the other end of the rotating frame is connected with the other end of the base through an angle adjusting mechanism; the angle adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the rotating angle of the rotating frame relative to the base, and the specific structure is as follows: the angle adjusting mechanism comprises a threaded push rod, a connecting rod, a chute and a supporting frame; the sliding groove is horizontally arranged on the base, one end of the threaded push rod is screwed in from the side wall of the base and then extends into the sliding groove, and the other end of the threaded push rod is connected with the handle; one end of the supporting frame is hinged to the bottom of the sliding groove, and the other end of the supporting frame is contacted with the lower surface of the rotating end of the rotating frame; one end of the connecting rod is connected to the threaded push rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the middle part of the lower surface of the supporting frame;
the frame mold comprises front, back, left and right side plates and a bottom plate, wherein the front and back side plates are made of transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic plates, the frame mold is placed on the rotating frame, and coal stratum similar materials are paved in the frame mold;
the anchor bolt supporting roadway shell is positioned in a coal stratum similar material, the appearance of the anchor bolt supporting roadway shell is identical with the shape of the section of the roadway, and the anchor bolt supporting roadway shell specifically comprises a shell body, an anchor bolt, a limit nut and a flying ring nut; the shell body is fixed on the front side wall and the rear side wall of the frame die, a plurality of rows of anchor rod holes are distributed on the shell body, the anchor rod anchoring section penetrates through the anchor rod holes to be sleeved with upper limit nuts and then extends into a coal stratum similar material, the mounting end of the anchor rod is fastened on the shell body through a suspension ring nut and a tray, and a miniature force transducer is arranged between the suspension ring nut and the tray;
the loading unit is used for applying load to the coal stratum similar materials;
the data monitoring unit is used for collecting experimental data of the coal stratum similar materials.
Further, in order to prevent the frame mold from sliding, a pin groove is formed in a position, located on the outer side of the rotating frame, of the base, an anti-sliding pin block matched with the pin groove is arranged in the pin groove, and the side wall of the anti-sliding pin block is abutted against the outer surface of the frame mold.
Further, the casing body includes a plurality of shells, adjacent two through mortise and tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure interconnect between the shell, mortise and tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure includes the mortise and the fourth of twelve earthly branches head of mutually supporting, the fourth of twelve earthly branches head sets up every the upper and lower both sides edge of shell.
Further, the two side surfaces of the tray are inclined planes with inclination angles.
Further, the loading unit comprises a loading plate and a press, wherein the loading plate is pressed on the upper surface of the coal stratum similar material, the press is matched with the loading plate, and the loading plate is trapezoid in shape.
Further, the data monitoring unit comprises a static strain tester, an acoustic emission probe, an industrial high-speed camera, an information processing system and an information display system, wherein the information processing system is respectively connected with the static strain tester, the acoustic emission probe, the industrial high-speed camera and the information display system, and the static strain tester is also connected with the miniature force transducer.
Further, an angle scale is further arranged on the base.
Further, the rotation angle of the rotating frame is 0-60 degrees.
The utility model provides a simulation test method for the similarity of an anchor bolt support roadway, which comprises the following steps:
the first step: formulating a roadway support simulation scheme according to actual conditions of an engineering site, wherein the roadway support simulation scheme comprises the distance and the row spacing of anchor rods, the inclination angles of a coal bed and a rock stratum, and determining parameters of prepared similar materials;
and a second step of: the angle of the rotating frame is adjusted, and the specific method is as follows: the angle of the rotating frame is adjusted before each layer of similar materials are paved by taking the reading of the angle scale as a standard and screwing in and screwing out the threaded push rod, so that the inclination angle of each layer of similar materials is adjusted in a differentiated mode;
and a third step of: preparation of similar materials
The coal stratum similar material comprises first to third material layers which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein the first to third material layers are made of siltstone, coal and fine sandstone, and the first to third material layers are respectively proportioned according to the volume ratio of 8:3:7, 9:2:8 and 7:2:8.
Further, the first to third material layers are respectively doped with 3 to 8 percent of light yellow, dark gray and light brown coloring agents.
Fourth step: layering similar materials in a test device, placing a loading plate on the similar materials of the coal strata, and adjusting the angle of a rotating frame once when each layer is paved;
fifth step: after the similar materials are solidified and cured for a period of time in a dry environment, the frame mold is disassembled, and the shell body of the anchor bolt support roadway shell is disassembled;
sixth step: sequentially installing a miniature force transducer and a tray on an anchor rod of an anchor rod supporting roadway shell, screwing up a flying nut, and applying a pretightening force to the anchor rod;
seventh step: applying load to similar materials of the coal rock stratum, and recording, processing and analyzing experimental data;
eighth step: after the test is finished, the optimal anchoring parameters are obtained through the simulation result, and the on-site anchoring scheme is reversely deduced by using the simulated optimal anchoring parameters, so that a test basis is provided for the design and optimization of the anchor bolt supporting scheme.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1) According to the utility model, simulation of different roadway support schemes can be realized according to the field, a plurality of rows of anchor rod holes are distributed on the shell body, and the change of parameters such as the distance between anchor rods, the row distance, the inclination angle and the like can be realized by adjusting the installation position of the anchor rods on the shell body, so that the anchoring parameters for achieving the optimal roadway support effect can be found by combining with the field geological conditions, the anchoring scheme of the construction field is reversely pushed out by utilizing the simulated anchoring parameters, and the experimental basis is provided for the design and optimization of the anchor rod support scheme of the construction field.
2) The angle of the rotating frame can be adjusted before each layer of similar materials are paved by changing the position of the threaded push rod by taking the reading of the angle scale as a standard, so that the inclination angle of each layer of similar materials is adjusted in a differentiated mode; and by dyeing the similar materials of each layer, the visual recognition of the materials of each layer can be improved, and the movement deformation condition of each rock stratum in the loading process can be observed conveniently.
3) The pre-tightening force of the anchor rod is applied and the stress is monitored, and the pre-tightening force can be applied to the anchor rod by screwing the eye nut; the tray and the miniature force transducer are arranged above the eye nut, and the stress change of the anchor rod can be monitored in real time through the miniature force transducer.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the test device of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a frame mold of the test device of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a mortise and tenon joint structure of the test device of the utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the anchor rod of the test device of the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the pre-tensioning state of the anchor rod of the test device of the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the experimental conditions of the test device of the present utility model;
FIG. 7 is a graph of test load versus displacement for the test apparatus of the present utility model.
In the figure: the device comprises a base, a rotating frame, a 3-angle adjusting mechanism, a 31-threaded push rod, a 32-connecting rod, a 33-sliding chute and a 34-supporting frame, wherein the base is provided with a first end and a second end; the roadway support comprises a rotary handle 35-a rotary handle 36-an angle scale, a frame mold 4-a front side plate 41-a rear side plate 42-a 5-anchor bolt supporting roadway shell 51-a shell body 511-a steel shell 512-a mortise, a mortise 513-a mortise, a mortise head 52-an anchor bolt 53-a limit nut 54-a lifting ring nut 55-a tray 56-a miniature load cell and a bolt 57-a bolt; 6-coal stratum similar materials, 7-loading units, 71-loading plates, 8-data monitoring units, 81-static strain testers, 82-acoustic emission probes, 83-industrial high-speed cameras, 84-information processing systems, 85-information display systems, 9-anti-skid pin blocks and 10-pin grooves.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present utility model can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making clear and defining the scope of the present utility model.
Referring to fig. 1, the multi-angle inclined rock stratum roadway support similarity simulation test device of the utility model comprises a base 1, and further comprises:
the rotating frame 2, one end of the rotating frame 2 is hinged with one end of the base 1, the other end of the rotating frame is connected with the other end of the base 1 through an angle adjusting mechanism 3, and the angle adjusting mechanism 3 is used for adjusting the rotating angle of the rotating frame 2 relative to the base 1;
the frame mold 4 is placed on the rotating frame 2, and a coal stratum similar material 6 is laid in the frame mold 4;
the anchor bolt supporting roadway shell 5 is fixed on the front side wall and the rear side wall of the frame die 4 and is positioned in the coal rock stratum similar material 6;
a loading unit 7 for applying a load to the coal formation-like material 6;
and the data monitoring unit 8 is used for collecting experimental data of the coal rock stratum similar material 6.
Specifically, the angle adjusting mechanism 3 of the present utility model includes a threaded push rod 31, a link 32, a chute 33, and a support frame 34; the sliding groove 33 is horizontally arranged on the base 1, one end of the threaded push rod 31 is screwed into the side wall of the base 1 and then extends into the sliding groove 33, and the other end of the threaded push rod is connected with the rotary handle 35; one end of the supporting frame 34 is hinged with the bottom of the sliding groove 33, and the other end of the supporting frame is contacted with the lower surface of the other end of the rotating frame 2; in this embodiment, the supporting frame 34 is formed by hinging a plurality of steel rods, and plays a role in supporting the rotating frame 2. One end of the connecting rod 32 is connected with the threaded push rod 31, and the other end is hinged with the middle part of the lower surface of the supporting frame 34.
In the present utility model, when the rotary handle 35 is swung clockwise, the screw push rod 31 horizontally advances leftward, and the link 32 pushes the support frame 34 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the inclination angle of the rotary frame 2 and the frame mold 4 is increased, whereas when the rotary handle 35 is swung counterclockwise, the inclination angle of the rotary frame 2 and the frame mold 4 can be decreased. Preferably, in order to facilitate accurate control of the rotation angle, the base 1 is further provided with an angle scale 36. In the utility model, the rotation angle of the rotating frame 2 is 0-60 degrees, and the inclination angle of each layer of material of the similar material 6 of the coal stratum can be adjusted, so that the inclination angle change requirement of most similar simulated strata can be met.
In the utility model, the base 1 is also provided with the anti-slip pin block 9 and the pin groove 10, the pin groove 10 is arranged on the base 1 and is positioned at the outer side of the rotating frame 2, the anti-slip pin block 9 is matched with the pin groove 10, and the side wall of the anti-slip pin block 9 is abutted against the outer surface of the frame die 4. After the angle of the frame mold 4 is adjusted in place, the anti-slip pin block 9 can be inserted into the pin groove 10, so that the sliding of the frame mold 4 can be prevented.
Referring to fig. 3-5, the anchor bolt supporting roadway housing 5 comprises a housing body 51, an anchor bolt 52, a limiting nut 53 and a lifting nut 54, wherein the housing body 51 is fixed on the front side wall and the rear side wall of the frame die 4 through bolts 57, a plurality of rows of anchor bolt holes are distributed on the housing body 51, the anchor bolt 52 penetrates through the anchor bolt holes and then stretches into a coal rock layer similar material 6, one end, close to the housing body 51, of the anchor bolt 52 is further sleeved with the limiting nut 53 and the lifting nut 54 in a threaded manner, and the limiting nut 53 and the lifting nut 54 are respectively abutted to the outer side and the inner side of the housing body 51. Namely, the limit nut 53 is fixed on the installation end of the anchor rod 52 through threads, the installation end of the anchor rod 52 penetrates through the anchor rod hole, and the suspension ring nut 54 fixes the anchor rod on the other side; preferably, the end of the bolt 52 of the present utility model is threaded about 1/3 the length of the bolt, and the presence of the threads will enhance the bond with the surrounding rock of the roadway and simulate end anchoring in a support.
Preferably, a tray 55 and a micro force transducer 56 are further arranged between the limiting nut 53 and the lifting ring nut 54, and the tray 55 and the micro force transducer 56 are sleeved on the anchor rod 52 in a threaded manner. After the anchor bolt supporting roadway shell 5 is detached, the tray 55, the miniature force transducer 56 and the suspension ring nut 54 are sequentially arranged at the end part of the anchor bolt 52, the miniature force transducer 56 can measure the stress of the anchor bolt 52, and the pretightening force can be applied to the anchor bolt 52 by screwing the suspension ring nut 54. Preferably, both side surfaces of the tray 55 are inclined surfaces having an inclination angle, and the tray 55 is mounted on the mounting end of the anchor rod 52 before the coal-strata like material 6 is laid, which can ensure that the anchor rod 52 forms a specific inclination angle with the roadway surface.
Referring to fig. 3, the housing body 51 includes a plurality of steel shells 511, two adjacent steel shells 511 are connected to each other by a mortise and tenon structure, the mortise and tenon structure includes a mortise 512 and a mortise head 513, and the mortise head 513 is disposed at the upper and lower edges of each steel shell 511. In the present utility model, in order to facilitate the disassembly of the frame mold 4, the ring nut 54 fixed on the anchor rod 52 can be unscrewed counterclockwise, and the mortise 512 can be drawn out along the mortise 513, so that the steel shell 511 can be disassembled in a split manner.
In the present utility model, the loading unit 7 includes a loading plate 71 and a press (not shown in the drawings), the loading plate 71 is pressed against the upper surface of the coal-strata like material 6, the press is matched with the loading plate 71, and the loading plate 71 has a trapezoidal shape. The loading plate 71 in this embodiment is configured to have a trapezoid shape, which has a larger rigidity, is beneficial to uniform stress in the loading process, and has a smaller upper plane of the loading plate 71, which is matched with the size of the press head of the press.
Referring to fig. 6, the data monitoring unit 8 includes a static strain gauge 81, an acoustic emission probe 82, an industrial high-speed camera 83, an information processing system 84, and an information display system 85, the information processing system 84 is respectively connected to the static strain gauge 81, the acoustic emission probe 82, the industrial high-speed camera 83, and the information display system 85, and the static strain gauge 81 is also connected to the micro load cell 56. Preferably, the static strain gauge 81 is used to collect data in real time from the stress of the anchor rod 52 during loading by the micro load cell 56.
Referring to fig. 2, the frame mold 4 includes a front side plate 41, a rear side plate 42, and bottom and left and right side plates, and the front side plate 41 and the rear side plate 42 are made of a transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic plate. Thus, the distribution condition of each coal stratum in the frame mold 4 can be conveniently observed from the outside, and the bottom plate, the left side plate, the right side plate and the like of the frame mold 4 can be made of steel plates with the thickness of 5mm.
Referring to fig. 7, the method for simulating the simulation test of the anchor bolt support roadway comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the angle of the rotating frame 2 to a set position; specifically, the shape and size of the similar simulation roadway and the supporting simulation scheme can be determined according to the actual conditions of the coal mine site, for example: the similar simulation roadway is a straight wall semicircular arch roadway, the height of the roadway is 100mm, the width of the roadway is 100mm, the wall height is 50mm, and the arch rise is 50mm; the roadway support simulation scheme is as follows: the row spacing between the anchor rods is 20mm multiplied by 20mm, and the length is 50mm; the test device is assembled, the roadway coal strata dip angle is 15 degrees, and the rotary handle 35 is rocked according to the angle scale 36 to adjust the angle of the rotary frame 2 to 15 degrees.
S2, preparing a coal stratum similar material 6; the coal-stratum similar material 6 comprises first to third material layers which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein the first to third material layers are made of siltstone, coal and fine sandstone, and the first to third material layers are respectively proportioned according to the volume ratio of 8:3:7, 9:2:8 and 7:2:8. The similar material laying thickness of the first to third material layers in the utility model is 15mm, 20mm and 15mm respectively. Preferably, in order to facilitate the simulation of the coal stratum behavior and the observation, the first to third material layers are respectively doped with 3 to 8 percent of pale yellow, dark gray and light brown coloring agents by mass percent.
S3, paving the coal stratum similar materials 6 in a layered mode, slightly vibrating, and placing the loading plate 71 on the coal stratum similar materials 6;
s4, curing the similar material 6 of the coal stratum in a dry environment for 14 days, wherein the curing time can be reasonably set according to actual conditions in other embodiments of the utility model.
S5, dismantling the frame die 4, and dismantling the shell body 51 of the lower anchor bolt support roadway shell 5; the specific process is as follows: the front side plate 41 and the rear side plate 42 of the frame mold 4 are removed, the anchor bolt supporting roadway housing 5 is removed, the handle 35 is rocked, the rotating frame 2 is lowered to the horizontal, then the anti-slip pin block 9 is pulled out, the left and right side plates of the frame mold 4 and the like are sequentially removed, the rotating eye nuts 54 are unscrewed counterclockwise, the mortises 512 are pulled out to the outside, and the respective steel shells 511 constituting the anchor bolt supporting roadway housing 5 are removed.
S6, sequentially mounting a miniature load cell 56 and a tray 55 on the anchor rod 52 of the anchor rod supporting roadway shell 5, screwing up a ring nut 54, and applying a pretightening force to the anchor rod 52;
s7, loading the coal rock stratum similar material 6, and recording, processing and analyzing experimental data; specifically, an industrial high-speed camera 83 can be placed at the position 2m in front of the base 1, and the plane displacement and out-of-plane displacement of the inclined rock stratum around the roadway can be monitored by combining a digital image processing technology; the acoustic emission probes 82 are arranged on two sides of the coal-rock stratum similar material 6, 3 acoustic emission probes are arranged on each side and are distributed at equal intervals, and the acoustic emission information processing technology is combined to position cracks and the like in the coal-rock stratum similar material 6 in the loading process; the miniature camera can be placed in the roadway to generate deformation and damage video of the roadway in the loading process, and whether the phenomena of bottom bulging, top plate sinking, two-side bulging and the like of the roadway are observed.
The press is used for loading the coal and rock stratum similar materials 6, the change of the load and displacement applied by the press head is recorded, the loading speed is set to be 0.5mm/min, and the loading speed can be adjusted according to actual needs. The coal and rock stratum similar material 6 starts to be loaded, and simultaneously, the industrial high-speed camera 83 and the acoustic emission probe 82 acquire synchronous information, so that cooperation among the systems is ensured. During the test, the information processing system 84 performs synchronization processing, calculation, and the like on the collected data information, and displays the data information on the information display system 85.
And S8, obtaining optimal anchoring parameters through a simulation result after the test is finished, and reversely pushing out a field anchoring scheme by using the simulated optimal anchoring parameters, so that a test basis is provided for the design and optimization of the anchor bolt supporting scheme.
In summary, the utility model has the advantages that:
1) The simulation of different roadway support schemes can be realized, a plurality of rows of anchor rod holes are distributed on the shell body 51, and the change of parameters such as the spacing, the row spacing and the inclination angle of the anchor rods 52 can be realized by adjusting the installation position of the anchor rods 52 on the shell body 51.
2) The angle of the rotating frame 2 can be adjusted before each layer of similar materials are paved by changing the position of the threaded push rod 31 by taking the reading of the angle scale 36 as a standard and further adjusting the inclination angle of each layer of similar materials in a differential manner; and by dyeing the similar materials of each layer, the visual recognition of the materials of each layer can be improved, and the movement deformation condition of each rock stratum in the loading process can be observed conveniently.
3) The pre-tightening force of the anchor rod 52 is applied and the stress is monitored, and the pre-tightening force can be applied to the anchor rod 52 by screwing the eye nut 54; by installing the tray 55 and the micro force transducer 56 above the eye nut 54, the stress change of the anchor rod can be monitored in real time through the micro force transducer 56.
The above is merely a specific embodiment of the present utility model, but the scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that do not undergo the inventive work should be covered in the scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The test method of the multi-angle inclined stratum roadway support similar simulation test device is characterized by comprising a base, a rotating frame, a frame die, an anchor bolt support roadway shell, a loading unit and a data monitoring unit, wherein:
one end of the rotating frame is hinged to the base, the other end of the rotating frame is connected with the other end of the base through an angle adjusting mechanism, a pin groove is formed in the position, located outside the rotating frame, of the base, an anti-slip pin block matched with the pin groove is arranged in the pin groove, and the side wall of the anti-slip pin block is abutted against the outer surface of the frame die; the angle adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the rotating angle of the rotating frame relative to the base, and the specific structure is as follows: the angle adjusting mechanism comprises a threaded push rod, a connecting rod, a chute and a supporting frame; the sliding groove is horizontally arranged on the base, one end of the threaded push rod is screwed in from the side wall of the base and then extends into the sliding groove, and the other end of the threaded push rod is connected with the handle; one end of the supporting frame is hinged to the bottom of the sliding groove, and the other end of the supporting frame is contacted with the lower surface of the rotating end of the rotating frame; one end of the connecting rod is connected to the threaded push rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the middle part of the lower surface of the supporting frame;
the frame mold comprises front, back, left and right side plates and a bottom plate, wherein the front and back side plates are made of transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic plates, the frame mold is placed on the rotating frame, and coal stratum similar materials are paved in the frame mold;
the anchor bolt supporting roadway shell is positioned in a coal stratum similar material, the appearance of the anchor bolt supporting roadway shell is identical with the shape of the section of the roadway, and the anchor bolt supporting roadway shell specifically comprises a shell body, an anchor bolt, a limit nut and a flying ring nut; the shell body comprises a plurality of steel shells, two adjacent steel shells are connected through mortise and tenon structures, each mortise and tenon structure comprises a mortise and tenon head which are matched with each other, each mortise and tenon head is arranged at the edge of the upper side and the lower side of each steel shell, the shell body is fixed on the front side wall and the rear side wall of a frame die, a plurality of rows of anchor rod holes are distributed on the shell body, anchor rod anchoring sections penetrate through the anchor rod holes to be sleeved with upper limit nuts and then extend into similar materials of coal strata, the mounting ends of anchor rods are fastened on the shell body through ring nuts and trays, and miniature force transducers are mounted between the ring nuts and the trays;
the loading unit is used for applying load to the coal stratum similar materials;
the data monitoring unit is used for collecting experimental data of the coal stratum similar materials;
the test method comprises the following steps:
the first step: formulating a roadway support simulation scheme according to actual conditions of an engineering site, wherein the roadway support simulation scheme comprises the distance and the row spacing of anchor rods, the inclination angles of a coal bed and a rock stratum, and determining parameters of prepared similar materials;
and a second step of: the angle of the rotating frame is adjusted, and the specific method is as follows: the angle of the rotating frame is adjusted before each layer of similar materials are paved by taking the reading of the angle scale as a standard and screwing in and screwing out the threaded push rod, so that the inclination angle of each layer of similar materials is adjusted in a differentiated mode;
and a third step of: preparation of similar materials
The coal stratum similar material comprises first to third material layers which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein the first to third material layers are made of siltstone, coal and fine sandstone, and the first to third material layers are respectively proportioned according to the volume ratio of 8:3:7, 9:2:8 and 7:2:8;
fourth step: layering similar materials in a test device, placing a loading plate on the similar materials of the coal strata, and adjusting the angle of a rotating frame once when each layer is paved;
fifth step: after the similar materials are solidified and cured for a period of time in a dry environment, the frame mold is disassembled, and the shell body of the anchor bolt support roadway shell is disassembled;
sixth step: sequentially installing a miniature force transducer and a tray on an anchor rod of an anchor rod supporting roadway shell, screwing up a flying nut, and applying a pretightening force to the anchor rod;
seventh step: applying load to similar materials of the coal rock stratum, and recording, processing and analyzing experimental data;
eighth step: after the test is finished, the optimal anchoring parameters are obtained through the simulation result, and the on-site anchoring scheme is reversely deduced by using the simulated optimal anchoring parameters, so that a test basis is provided for the design and optimization of the anchor bolt supporting scheme.
2. The test method of the multi-angle inclined rock stratum roadway support simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein the two side surfaces of the tray are inclined planes with inclination angles.
3. The test method of the multi-angle inclined formation roadway support simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein the loading unit comprises a loading plate and a press, the loading plate is pressed on the upper surface of the coal formation similar material, the press is matched with the loading plate, and the loading plate is trapezoidal in shape.
4. The method for testing a multi-angle inclined formation roadway support simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein the data monitoring unit comprises a static strain tester, an acoustic emission probe, an industrial high-speed camera, an information processing system and an information display system, wherein the information processing system is respectively connected with the static strain tester, the acoustic emission probe, the industrial high-speed camera and the information display system, and the static strain tester is also connected with the micro load cell.
5. The test method of the multi-angle inclined stratum roadway support simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein the base is further provided with an angle scale.
6. The test method of the multi-angle inclined rock roadway support simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation angle of the rotating frame is 0-60 degrees.
7. The method for testing the multi-angle inclined rock stratum roadway support simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein the first material layer, the second material layer and the third material layer are respectively doped with 3% -8% of pale yellow, dark gray and light brown coloring agents by mass fraction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810587973.8A CN108760370B (en) | 2018-06-07 | 2018-06-07 | Multi-angle inclined rock stratum roadway support similarity simulation test device and test method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810587973.8A CN108760370B (en) | 2018-06-07 | 2018-06-07 | Multi-angle inclined rock stratum roadway support similarity simulation test device and test method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108760370A CN108760370A (en) | 2018-11-06 |
| CN108760370B true CN108760370B (en) | 2023-11-24 |
Family
ID=63999698
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810587973.8A Active CN108760370B (en) | 2018-06-07 | 2018-06-07 | Multi-angle inclined rock stratum roadway support similarity simulation test device and test method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108760370B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109540572B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2024-06-14 | 河北工程大学 | Intelligent simulation test device for coal mine filling |
| CN109958420B (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2021-04-23 | 河南理工大学 | Visual test device and test method for simulating coal mine stoping roadway fracture evolution |
| CN111829767B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-05-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Anchor rod installation instrument parameter simulation platform and application method thereof |
| CN112360557B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2022-12-20 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Roadway driving and supporting comprehensive test bed |
| CN114720236B (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-23 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局八〇一水文地质工程地质大队(山东省地矿工程勘察院) | Preparation device and method for three-dimensional inclined rock stratum in physical model test |
| CN116087473B (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-07-04 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Deep engineering fault sliding model test system and safety control method |
| CN117074168B (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2024-05-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Surrounding rock deformation experimental device and method for horizontal and vertical linkage mechanics simulation |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102402892A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2012-04-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Device and method for carrying out filling mining plane strain simulation test |
| CN102937030A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-20 | 山东大学 | Bolting-grouting integrated support method for zonal disintegration of deep roadway surrounding rock |
| CN103527231A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-01-22 | 中国矿业大学 | Preparation method of analog simulation model used for roadway supporting test |
| CN203412589U (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2014-01-29 | 安徽理工大学 | Supporting structure of extremely fractured soft rock roadway passing through geological anomaly zone |
| CN104596855A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-05-06 | 山东科技大学 | Physical similar simulation test device and physical similar simulation test method for tilted stratums |
| CN204532395U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-08-05 | 龙口矿业集团有限公司 | The suspension device of perforating anchor beam |
| CN105241656A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-13 | 湖南科技大学 | Physical simulation experiment system and method of deep-tunnel high-resistance extensible anchor pole support |
| CN105804767A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-07-27 | 安徽理工大学 | Surrounding rock supporting construction method and surrounding rock supporting structure of water-contained roadway of coal mine |
| CN107703278A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-02-16 | 贵州大学 | A kind of coal petrography inclination layer and the adjustable loading analog simulation test platform of loading position |
| CN107727501A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-23 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of roadway surrounding rock compression carrying experimental method of the embedded anchoring of anchor pole |
| CN108007781A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-05-08 | 山东科技大学 | Roadway support mechanics simulation experiment system and its method under sound combined load |
| CN208596046U (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2019-03-12 | 山东科技大学 | Multi-angle oblique rock stratum roadway support analog simulation experimental rig |
-
2018
- 2018-06-07 CN CN201810587973.8A patent/CN108760370B/en active Active
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102402892A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2012-04-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Device and method for carrying out filling mining plane strain simulation test |
| CN102937030A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-20 | 山东大学 | Bolting-grouting integrated support method for zonal disintegration of deep roadway surrounding rock |
| CN203412589U (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2014-01-29 | 安徽理工大学 | Supporting structure of extremely fractured soft rock roadway passing through geological anomaly zone |
| CN103527231A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-01-22 | 中国矿业大学 | Preparation method of analog simulation model used for roadway supporting test |
| CN204532395U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-08-05 | 龙口矿业集团有限公司 | The suspension device of perforating anchor beam |
| CN104596855A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-05-06 | 山东科技大学 | Physical similar simulation test device and physical similar simulation test method for tilted stratums |
| CN105241656A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-13 | 湖南科技大学 | Physical simulation experiment system and method of deep-tunnel high-resistance extensible anchor pole support |
| CN105804767A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-07-27 | 安徽理工大学 | Surrounding rock supporting construction method and surrounding rock supporting structure of water-contained roadway of coal mine |
| CN107703278A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-02-16 | 贵州大学 | A kind of coal petrography inclination layer and the adjustable loading analog simulation test platform of loading position |
| CN107727501A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-23 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of roadway surrounding rock compression carrying experimental method of the embedded anchoring of anchor pole |
| CN108007781A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-05-08 | 山东科技大学 | Roadway support mechanics simulation experiment system and its method under sound combined load |
| CN208596046U (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2019-03-12 | 山东科技大学 | Multi-angle oblique rock stratum roadway support analog simulation experimental rig |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108760370A (en) | 2018-11-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108760370B (en) | Multi-angle inclined rock stratum roadway support similarity simulation test device and test method | |
| CN108226447B (en) | Three-dimensional simulation test device and test method for underground coal mining surface movement | |
| CN110006757B (en) | Coal measures fault development simulation test device and forward and inverse fault simulation test method | |
| CN109855974B (en) | Overburden stress and deformation characteristic test method based on similar simulation test system | |
| CN104807974B (en) | A kind of analog material seam mining simulator stand and test method | |
| CN111220788B (en) | Similar material simulation test system for working face roadside roof-cutting entry retaining and use method | |
| CN205538954U (en) | Three -dimensional simulation test device of coal seam group exploitation | |
| CN107831009A (en) | Coal mine roadway side portion's anchor pole or anchorage cable anchoring analogue experiment installation and its experimental method | |
| CN105223337B (en) | Three-dimensional simulating method for goaf fracture ring morphology | |
| CN107219128B (en) | Device and method for simulating stress distribution of coal measure strata under action of multi-stage structure movement | |
| CN107727424B (en) | Geomechanical model experimental device and method for stability of bedding rock slope | |
| CN204556619U (en) | Three-dimensional multi-functional analog material seam mining simulator stand | |
| CN110940571B (en) | Test device for simulating dynamic soil arch effect of shed frame structure | |
| CN110261234B (en) | Fractured rock mass separation layer anchoring control simulation test device and method | |
| CN110284383A (en) | The simulation test device of railway rail system | |
| CN104965058A (en) | Device and method for anti-dip collapse similar simulation tests on cover rock below slide structural belts | |
| CN215180018U (en) | Test device for simulating excavation of urban tunnel with super-large section and variable cross section | |
| CN206038342U (en) | Quantification research tunnel country rock comes to nothing and malactic power test device | |
| CN217155868U (en) | Multiple tunnel co-construction test model device | |
| CN115901476A (en) | Three-dimensional test device and method for simulating overlying strata motion characteristics under mining influence | |
| CN204165819U (en) | Dark vertical ingate three-dimensional physical model experimental provision | |
| CN111289346A (en) | Three-dimensional model test method for deformation and damage of tunnel surrounding rock containing fault fracture zone | |
| CN208596046U (en) | Multi-angle oblique rock stratum roadway support analog simulation experimental rig | |
| CN214122235U (en) | Test model for tunnel simulation excavation | |
| CN207397573U (en) | Simulation CRD method constructing tunnels cause the experimental provision that earth's surface deforms |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |