CN113170752B - Deep-open sea double-column pile lifting type fence grazing culture system - Google Patents
Deep-open sea double-column pile lifting type fence grazing culture system Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a deep and open sea double-column pile lifting fence grazing culture system, which comprises: the outer column piles are arranged in the water area in a rectangular mode at intervals, inner column piles which are equal in height and have interval distances are correspondingly arranged on the inner sides of the outer column piles, floating bodies are arranged at two ends of the floating bodies and are provided with through holes which are connected with the outer column piles and the inner column piles in an inserting mode, the floating bodies are connected to the upper end portions of the outer column piles and the inner column piles in an inserting mode, netting is of a net cage structure, the side edges of the upper end portions of the netting are connected with the floating bodies respectively, sinking floating bodies are arranged at the lower end portions of the outer column piles and the inner column piles in a matching mode, the sinking floating bodies are provided with the through holes which are connected with the outer column piles and the inner column piles in an inserting mode, and the side edges of the bottom ends of the netting are connected with the sinking floating bodies respectively. The scheme of the invention is suitable for the use at the water depth of 30-100m, has novel structure and large working water depth, is suitable for sea areas with different substrates, and has effective culture capacity of 100000m3The large-scale fence grazing breeding facility effectively ensures the quality of the breeding materials and the normal use of the breeding equipment in the breeding process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of marine culture, and particularly relates to a deep and open sea double-column-pile lifting type fence grazing culture system.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
With the continuous development and utilization of marine organism resources, mariculture has become the fastest part in fishery development, and many countries attach more and more importance to the development of mariculture. The mariculture is an industry with huge development potential, can not only provide food for people and play an important role in improving food structure, but also be the most effective mode for utilizing marine land resources, can keep fishery resources from being exhausted forever, and can be completely built into a blue granary.
The fence grazing culture can effectively utilize natural bait organisms, has the characteristics of strong wind and wave resistance, high finished product quality, friendly culture environment and the like, and is one of the future development directions of the fish grazing culture industry in China in the future. With the development of science and technology, the development and application of new materials and the improvement of the comprehensive strength of breeding enterprises, 30000m has been developed and applied at present3The large-scale fence grazing culture such as floating rope fence grazing culture, double-circumference tubular pile fence grazing culture, large-span double-circumference tubular pile fence grazing culture and fence dam fence culture is mainly distributed in Zhejiang, Fujian and ShandongAnd the like, and is used for grazing culture of large yellow croaker, Lupus, grouper and congesting fishes. The divers are required to submerge into the seabed to bury the fence culture facility net into the bottom mud, so that the development of grazing culture to deep and open sea is hindered.
From the current development situation, the average water depth of the large-scale fence grazing and breeding facilities built or established is less than 20m, the large-scale fence grazing and breeding facilities are greatly influenced by substrate, the outstanding problems of difficult bottom sealing operation, large fish catching workload, inconvenient daily management and the like exist in the using process, and the scale of grazing space is smaller. In the existing published invention patents, the height of the stone, a large-scale composite fence, the ZL201310338034, the upright posts for the height of the stone and the fence for cultivation, the ZL201310347972, the Guifukun, a large-scale fence cultivation system, the ZL201810011884, the Guifukun, an escape-proof fence cultivation device, the ZL201810012580, the Guifukun, a shallow sea large-scale ecological fence cultivation device, the ZL 201210563218, the height of the stone, a connection method of the upright posts of the large-scale fence and the netting, and the ZL201310347866 do not relate to a method for solving the outstanding problems.
It should be noted that the above background description is only for the convenience of clear and complete description of the technical solutions of the present application and for the understanding of those skilled in the art. Such solutions are not considered to be known to the person skilled in the art merely because they have been set forth in the background section of the present application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a deep and open sea double-column-pile lifting type fence grazing culture system which is suitable for being used at a water depth of 30-100m, novel in structure, large in working water depth, suitable for sea areas with different bottom materials, and capable of achieving effective culture capacity of 100000m3The large-scale fence grazing breeding facility effectively ensures the quality of the breeding materials and the normal use of the breeding equipment in the breeding process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: a deep open sea double-column pile lifting fence grazing breeding system comprises:
outer column piles which are arranged at intervals and are arranged in a rectangular shape in the water area, inner column piles which are equal in height and have intervals are correspondingly arranged at the inner sides of the outer column piles,
a floating body, wherein the two ends of the floating body are provided with through holes which are spliced with the outer column piles and the inner column piles, the floating body is spliced at the upper end parts of the outer column piles and the inner column piles,
a netting which is in a net cage structure, the side edges of the upper end of the netting are respectively connected with the floating body,
wherein, the tip sets in outer post stake and the inner column stake has the ups and downs body, and the ups and downs body has the through-hole of pegging graft with outer post stake and inner column stake, and the netting bottom side is connected with the ups and downs body respectively. The invention constructs a rectangular structure space by the design of the inner and outer column piles, which is used for establishing and dividing a culture space in a culture water area, and arranges a floating body and a sinking-floating body to realize the connection of the inner and outer column piles, improve the connection stability of the two column piles and reduce the probability of inclination or instability under the influence of sea waves, realize fence culture by the connection of the netting and the floating body in the range of the divided culture space, the cultured fish bodies, or other cultured objects, and the like are placed at the inner side of the netting of the net cage structure, the floating body always floats on the water surface, the sinking-floating body connected at the side edge of the bottom of the netting can be used for realizing the fixation of the netting structure to stabilize the culture space, and the design of the sinking-floating body can realize the lifting of the bottom of the netting by regulating the buoyancy of the sinking-floating body, so as to regulate the relative horizontal height of the bottom of the netting, and utilize the sinking-floating body to move the bottom of the netting upwards to reduce the culture space in the process of collecting and catching, can directly play to catch on purse seine upper portion, use manpower sparingly and catch the work load greatly, the ups and downs body of design has better desilting effect to the etting bottom in addition, rivers flow to the waters bottom, can be relative drive ups and downs body forms suitable fluctuation, can play the effect of cleaing away the deposit to piling up of bottom probably existence in the etting like this and avoid the mesh to block up, also do benefit to and utilize rivers to take away deposit or incomplete bait excrement etc. reduce the thing of the outer bottom of etting and lead to the fact near the breed waters quality of water to receive the influence excessively.
The problem that current rail is bred and needs the diver to dive in the aquatic and carry out bottom purse seine and seal has been solved to the present case, and the etting of present case does not need the diver to operate, has both increased the operation depth of water and has increased the operational safety nature again.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the through hole for inserting the floating body into the outer column pile and the inner column pile is larger than that of the outer column pile and that of the inner column pile, and the first net tying rings are respectively arranged on the sides of the floating body. Two through-hole aperture designs on the body are used for avoiding interference fit or excessive assembly, and it can avoid the breed thing to escape along with the surface of water fluctuation about the body receives ocean current or the tide influence of fluctuation like this, and the first system net ring that the body side was equipped with is used for improving the effect of tying of netting.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the through hole for inserting the sinking-floating body with the outer column pile and the inner column pile is larger than that of the outer column pile and the inner column pile, the side of the sinking-floating body is respectively provided with a second net tying ring, the interior of the sinking-floating body is hollow, the upper part of the sinking-floating body is provided with an inflation pipe with a valve, the lower part of the sinking-floating body is provided with a water inlet and outlet pipe with a valve, and the inflation pipe and the water inlet and outlet pipe are both communicated with the hollow cavity of the sinking-floating body. The through-hole diameter of sinking on the body is seted up and is used for realizing the body of sinking reciprocating of relative interior outer column pile, avoids interference fit or excessive assembly, and when needs were caught, steerable body of sinking made progress and floats like this, drives the netting and upwards contracts the breed space to this improves catches efficiency, and the second that the body side of sinking was equipped with is the net ring and is used for improving the effect of tying of netting. The floating body can be used for providing a placing space and placing equipment such as an inflator pump and the like so as to conveniently inflate the inside of the inflation tube on the sinking and floating body and regulate and control the buoyancy of the sinking and floating body.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the first reinforcing ropes are connected between the floating bodies at the upper ends of the outer column piles and the inner column piles, and are designed to improve the relevance between the floating bodies, and meanwhile, the floating bodies in different directions can float up and down to form linkage, so that the floating bodies are kept floating on the water surface better.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the bottom of the water area outside the outer column pile is provided with an anchor pile, the anchor pile is connected with the outer column pile through an anchoring rope, and the anchoring rope is provided with a weight strip. The design of anchor pile is used for realizing further consolidating the rail breed, improves the unrestrained intensity of anti-wind of outer post pile in aqueous, avoids outer post pile unstability, and wherein the scheme of design ballast strip is used for realizing playing the ballast effect to the mooring rope on the mooring rope, makes the mooring rope be in the tensioning state, overcomes mooring rope length overlength or appear lengthening under long-time wave impact and lead to the problem that anchor pile and outer post pile connection stability reduce. Wherein the length of the mooring line is about 3-5 times of the water depth.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the height of the inner column pile and the outer column pile is determined by considering the tidal range height, the peak height and the depth of the column pile driven into the substrate besides the depth of the sea chart reference surface, and a certain peak gap height and a reserved height are reserved to ensure the safety of the grazing culture system. Generally, the water depth of a reference surface of a chart in a sea area to be selected is 30-100m, the tidal range height is generally 3-5m, the peak height is 1/3 of the highest peak height in the past year, the depth of a ground substance to be driven is determined by the ground substance and is generally not less than 1/4 of the height of the whole column pile, the reserved peak gap height is 8-12% of the tidal range height and the peak height, in addition, the height is also reserved, and the calculation mode of the column pile height is as follows:
H＝h1+h2+h3+h4+h5+h6；
in the formula:
h1driving the pile into the substrate to a depth; h is2The depth of water of a sea chart datum plane; h is3Is tidal range height, generally 3-5 m; h is41/3 which is the peak height and takes the highest peak height in the past year; h is5The height of the gap between the peak and the top of the pile is taken as (h)3+h4) 8-12% of; h is6The height must be reserved;
according to an embodiment of the invention, a connecting column is further arranged between the upper end parts of the inner column pile and the outer column pile, the connecting column is arranged at the upper end of the floating body and is connected with the outer column pile and the inner column pile on two sides through bolts and fasteners, and first stop blocks are further arranged at the upper end parts and the lower end parts between the connecting column and the outer column pile and between the connecting column and the inner column pile. Inside and outside post stake bottom forms with the substrate and pegs graft and has anchor pile etc. and consolidate, for guaranteeing the stability of inside and outside post stake in the sea and the connection compactness between the two, through coming the body upper end, the mode of the upper end design spliced pole of inside and outside post stake particularly carries out zonulae occludens to inside and outside post stake, adopt bolt and fastener to realize that the spliced pole carries out effective connection with inside and outside post stake, set up the jack that can set with the bolt certainly on the inside and outside post stake, the design of first dog is used for improving the connection compactness of spliced pole and inside and outside post stake medial surface.
According to one embodiment of the invention, cylindrical pile shoes are sleeved at the bottoms of the outer column pile and the inner column pile, and pile discs are connected to the bottoms of the pile shoes and are in contact with the bottom surface of the water area. The space between the inner column pile and the outer column pile is 0.6-1.5m, the space between the inner column pile and the outer column pile is 4-10m, the bottom of each column pile is provided with a solid pile tip, the depth of the solid pile driven into the sea bottom is not less than 1/4 of the height of the whole column pile, the column pile on the bottom is provided with a pile disc and a pile shoe which are connected with each other, the top of the column pile is provided with a signal marker, the marker comprises a signal lamp, a flag and the like, and the design is reasonable according to the ground conditions of the sea area of fence grazing culture, the sea condition environment and the grazing culture system construction and layout scheme.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the sinking-floating body is arranged at the upper end of the pile shoe, the limiting assembly is arranged on the inner pile or the outer pile between the sinking-floating body and the pile shoe, the limiting assembly comprises a limiting base plate, a limiting rotating sleeve and a limiting circular plate which are coaxial with the inner pile or the outer pile and are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the limiting rotating sleeve and the limiting circular plate are movably connected with the inner pile or the outer pile, the side of the limiting rotating sleeve is connected with the bottom surface of the limiting base plate through a limiting support rod, and the limiting circular plate is fixedly connected with the inner pile or the outer pile; the upper surface of the limiting base plate is provided with fan-blade-shaped limiting rotary plates at intervals in a surrounding mode, the surfaces of the limiting rotary plates are provided with grooves, and the grooves are communicated towards the side edge direction of the limiting base plate. The limit assembly is designed between the sinking and floating body and the pile shoe to limit the up-and-down displacement range of the sinking and floating body on the pile, so that the problem that the bottom of the net is contacted with the geology or the clearance space between the bottom of the net and the bottom is too small to cause the difficulty in water exchange in the bottom range and the removal of sediments, residual baits and the like due to the fact that the sinking and floating body touches the bottom is avoided, when the sinking and floating body displaces excessively downwards, the sinking and floating body is in contact with the limit rotating plate of the limit assembly firstly, so that the limit rotating plate is in butt joint with the sinking and floating body through the limit rotating plate to control the distance between the sinking and floating body and the geology, when the sinking and floating body does not form the butt joint with the limit assembly, the groove bodies arranged on the surface of the limit rotating plate can enable the limit rotating plate to form rotating motion relative to ocean current driving, and the water flow near the limit assembly is disturbed by rotation, the up-and down floating of the upper floating body can be promoted to drive the fluctuation of the bottom of the net, thereby being beneficial to discharge of the bottom materials in the net and avoiding the accumulation of the material, and the floating rate of the net is relatively improved, so that the cultured objects near the net can be driven by the fluctuation of the net, and the phenomenon that the cultured objects are scratched or bitten by the cultured objects due to the contact of the cultured objects and the net is avoided.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the outer column pile and the inner column pile comprise an inner support column sleeve, the outer support column sleeve is sleeved outside the inner support column sleeve, a first support plate is connected between the inner support column sleeve and the outer support column sleeve, and concrete is filled in the first support plate. The steel pipe material is chooseed for use to interior support column cover and outer support column cover, its intensity is high, crowded soil influence is little, it is convenient to build, and pour through the concrete, can the preferred save steel in order to reduce the cost, the condition such as decay also can not appear, the design through steel pipe and concrete realizes improving the stake intensity that obtains, see from the actual conditions of deep sea grazing breed, general stake is friction type stake, stake longitudinal load mainly bears by stake side frictional resistance, consequently, the reinforcing frictional strength that should consider when the stake is made, the event obtains the stake that the antifriction intensity is high through the mode of design concrete and inside and outside support column cover.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the upper end edges of the netting are connected with the first floating balls, the bottom end edges of the netting are connected with the first sinking blocks, and the netting is woven with metal steel ropes. The design scheme of first floater can realize improving the showy effect of netting upper end, and the first heavy piece scheme of netting bottom design can effectively improve netting box structure shape stability, guarantees that the breed space is stable, and the mode of design metal net rope is used for improving netting intensity in the netting, and can reduce the long-time use fracture probability of netting.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention constructs a rectangular structure space by the design of the inner and outer column piles, which is used for establishing and dividing a culture space in a culture water area, and arranges a floating body and a sinking-floating body to realize the connection of the inner and outer column piles, improve the connection stability of the two column piles and reduce the probability of inclination or instability under the influence of sea waves, realize fence culture by the connection of the netting and the floating body in the range of the divided culture space, the cultured fish bodies, or other cultured objects, and the like are placed at the inner side of the netting of the net cage structure, the floating body always floats on the water surface, the sinking-floating body connected at the side edge of the bottom of the netting can be used for realizing the fixation of the netting structure to stabilize the culture space, and the design of the sinking-floating body can realize the lifting of the bottom of the netting by regulating the buoyancy of the sinking-floating body, so as to regulate the relative horizontal height of the bottom of the netting, and utilize the sinking-floating body to move the bottom of the netting upwards to reduce the culture space in the process of collecting and catching, can directly play to catch on purse seine upper portion, use manpower sparingly and catch the work load greatly, the ups and downs body of design has better desilting effect to the etting bottom in addition, rivers flow to the waters bottom, can be relative drive ups and downs body forms suitable fluctuation, can play the effect of cleaing away the deposit to piling up of bottom probably existence in the etting like this and avoid the mesh to block up, also do benefit to and utilize rivers to take away deposit or incomplete bait excrement etc. reduce the thing of the outer bottom of etting and lead to the fact near the breed waters quality of water to receive the influence excessively.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a deep open sea dual-post lift fence grazing breeding system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a deep-open sea dual-post lifting fence grazing culture system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a net collecting state of a deep-open sea double-column-pile lifting fence grazing culture system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the float;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the sinking-floating body;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the connection column with the inner and outer piles;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the inner column pile and the outer column pile;
FIG. 8 is a pile shoe and pile driver illustration;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a first floating ball connected to the upper end of the netting;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a first sinker attached to the lower end of a netting;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of mooring lines and anchor piles;
FIG. 12 is a top view of another embodiment of a deep open sea dual-stake lift pen grazing farming system;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the connection of the collection box with the netting;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the collection box;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the connection of the collection connection cord to the rotating block;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a support assembly;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a deep-open sea dual-post lifting fence grazing breeding system in use;
FIG. 18 is a side view of the stop assembly;
fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of the limiting assembly.
Reference numerals: 10-netting; 11-a first reinforcing cord; 12-metal steel cord; 13-a first float ball; 14-a first sinker; 15-a network access port; 21-inner column pile; 22-outer column pile; 23-a tag body; 24-connecting column; 25-a bolt; 26-a fastener; 27-a first stop; 28-a first support plate; 29-inner support column sleeve; 210-outer support column sleeve; 211-concrete; 30-mooring lines; 31-weight strip pressing; 32-anchor piles; 40-a float; 41-a first lacing loop; 50-a sinking body; 51-a gas-filled tube; 52-a second lacing loop; 53-water inlet and outlet pipes; 60-pile shoe; 61-pile disks; 70-a collection box; 71-a collection cross-bar; 72-a rotation block; 73-collecting the connecting rope; 80-a support assembly; 81-collecting support rods; 82-supporting the secondary rod; 83-a push plate; 84-rotating blades; 85-collecting rotating rods; 86-a flexible active cavity; 87-a first spring; 90-a limit assembly; 91-limiting rotary plate; 92-a limit support rod; 93-a limiting circular plate; 94-a limit rotating sleeve; 95-limiting the substrate.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings:
example 1:
referring to fig. 1-19, a deep open sea dual-post lift fence grazing culture system comprises:
outer column piles 22, the outer column piles 22 are arranged in a rectangular shape at intervals and are arranged in the water, inner column piles 21 which are equal in height and have a spacing distance with the outer column piles 22 are correspondingly arranged on the inner sides of the outer column piles 22,
a floating body 40, wherein through holes which are inserted with the outer column piles 22 and the inner column piles 21 are arranged at two ends of the floating body 40, the floating body 40 is inserted at the upper end parts of the outer column piles 22 and the inner column piles 21,
the netting 10 is in a net cage structure, the side edges of the upper end part of the netting are respectively connected with the floating body 40,
wherein, the lower tip of outer column pile 22 and inner column pile 21 sets up floats 50, and floats 50 has the through-hole with outer column pile 22 and inner column pile 21 grafting, and the netting bottom side is connected with floats 50 respectively. The invention encloses a rectangular structure space by the design of inner and outer column piles, is used for establishing and dividing a culture space in a culture water area, is provided with a floating body 40 and a sinking and floating body 50 to realize the connection of the inner and outer column piles to improve the connection stability of the two column piles and reduce the probability of inclination or instability under the influence of sea waves, realizes fence culture in the range of the divided culture space by the connection of a netting 10 and the floating body 40, cultured fish bodies, other cultured objects and the like are placed at the inner side of the netting of a net cage structure, the floating body 40 always floats on the water surface, the sinking and floating body 50 connected at the side edge of the bottom of the netting 10 can be used for realizing the structure of the netting 10 to stabilize the culture space, and the design of the sinking and floating body 50 can realize the lifting of the bottom of the netting 10 by regulating and controlling the buoyancy of the sinking and floating body 50 so as to regulate and control the relative horizontal height of the bottom of the netting 10, and utilizes the sinking and floating body 50 to move the bottom of the netting 10 upwards to reduce the culture space in the collecting process, can directly play to catch on purse seine upper portion, use manpower sparingly and catch the work load greatly, the ups and downs body 50 of design has better desilting effect to the etting bottom in addition, rivers flow to the waters bottom, can be relative drive ups and downs body 50 forms suitable fluctuation, can play the effect of cleaing away the deposit to piling up that the bottom probably exists in the etting 10 like this and avoid the mesh to block up, also do benefit to and utilize rivers to take away deposit or incomplete bait excrement etc. reduce the near deposit of the outer bottom of etting 10 and excessively lead to the fact the near quality of water of aquaculture waters to receive the influence.
The problem that current rail is bred and needs the diver to dive in the aquatic and carry out bottom purse seine and seal has been solved to the present case, and the etting of present case does not need the diver to operate, has both increased the operation depth of water and has increased the operational safety nature again.
The diameter of the through hole for inserting the floating body 40 with the outer column pile 22 and the inner column pile 21 is larger than the diameter of the outer column pile 22 and the inner column pile 21, and the side of the floating body 40 is respectively provided with a first net tying ring 41. The aperture design of two through-holes on the body 40 is used for avoiding interference fit or excessive assembly, and the body 40 is influenced by ocean current or fluctuation tide like this and can float from top to bottom along with the water surface and avoid the breed to escape, and the first system net ring 41 that body 40 side was equipped with is used for improving the tie effect of netting 10.
The diameter of a through hole formed by splicing the sinking-floating body 50 with the outer column pile 22 and the inner column pile 21 is larger than the diameter of the outer column pile 22 and the inner column pile 21, the side of the sinking-floating body 50 is respectively provided with a second net tying ring 52, the sinking-floating body 50 is hollow, the upper part of the sinking-floating body 50 is provided with an inflation pipe 51 with a valve, the lower part of the sinking-floating body 50 is provided with a water inlet and outlet pipe 53 with a valve, and the inflation pipe 51 and the water inlet and outlet pipe 53 are both communicated with a hollow cavity of the sinking-floating body 50. The diameter of the through hole in the floating body 50 is arranged to realize the up-and-down movement of the floating body 50 relative to the inner and outer column piles, so that interference assembly or excessive assembly is avoided, when the floating body 50 needs to be harvested, the floating body 50 can be controlled to float upwards, the netting 10 is driven to shrink the culture space upwards, the fishing efficiency is improved, and the second netting ring 52 arranged on the side of the floating body 50 is used for improving the tying effect of the netting 10. The floating body 40 can be used to provide a space for placing an inflator or the like to inflate the interior of the inflation tube 51 on the floating body 50, so as to adjust and control the buoyancy of the floating body 50.
First reinforcing ropes 11 are connected between the floating bodies 40 at the upper ends of the outer column piles 22 and the inner column piles 21, the first reinforcing ropes 11 are designed to improve the relevance between the floating bodies 40, and meanwhile, the floating bodies 40 in different directions float up and down to form linkage, so that the floating bodies 40 are kept floating on the water surface better.
The bottom of the water area outside the outer post piles 22 is provided with anchor piles 32, the anchor piles 32 are connected with the outer post piles 22 through anchoring ropes 30, and the anchoring ropes 30 are provided with weight pressing strips 31. The design of anchor pile 32 is used for realizing further consolidating to the rail breed, improves the anti-storm intensity of outer post pile 22 in aqueous, avoids outer post pile 22 unstability, and wherein the scheme of design ballast strip 31 on mooring rope 30 is used for realizing playing the ballast effect to mooring rope 30, makes mooring rope 30 be in the tensioning condition, overcomes mooring rope 30 length overlength or appear lengthening under long-time wave impact and lead to the problem that anchor pile 32 and outer post pile 22 connection stability reduce. Wherein the length of the mooring line 30 is about 3-5 times the depth of the water.
The height of the inner column pile 21 and the outer column pile 22 is determined by considering the tidal range height, the peak height and the depth of the column pile driven into the substrate except the depth of the sea chart reference surface, and a certain peak gap height and a reserved height are reserved to ensure the safety of the grazing culture system. Generally, the water depth of a reference surface of a chart in a sea area to be selected is 30-100m, the tidal range height is generally 3-5m, the peak height is 1/3 of the highest peak height in the past year, the depth of a ground substance to be driven is determined by the ground substance and is generally not less than 1/4 of the height of the whole column pile, the reserved peak gap height is 8-12% of the tidal range height and the peak height, in addition, the height is also reserved, and the calculation mode of the column pile height is as follows:
H＝h1+h2+h3+h4+h5+h6；
in the formula:
h1driving the pile into the substrate to a depth; h is2The depth of water of a sea chart datum plane; h is3Is tidal range height, generally 3-5 m; h is41/3 which is the peak height and takes the highest peak height in the past year; h is5The height of the gap between the peak and the top of the pile is taken as (h)3+h4) 8-12% of; h is6The height must be reserved;
still be equipped with spliced pole 24 between interior post stake 21 and the outer post stake 22 upper end, spliced pole 24 locates the body 40 upper end, and spliced pole 24 is connected with the outer post stake 22 and the interior post stake 21 of both sides through bolt 25 and fastener 26, and the upper and lower tip between spliced pole 24 and outer post stake 22 and the interior post stake 21 still is equipped with first dog 27. Inside and outside post bottom and substrate form to peg graft and have anchor pile etc. and consolidate, for guaranteeing the stability of inside and outside post in the sea and the connection compactness between the two, through coming the body 40 upper end, the mode of the upper end design spliced pole 24 of inside and outside post carries out the zonulae occludens inside and outside post particularly, adopt bolt 25 and fastener 26 to realize spliced pole 24 and effectively be connected with inside and outside post, of course offer the jack that can set with bolt 25 on the inside and outside post, the design of first dog 27 is used for improving spliced pole 24 and the connection compactness of inside and outside post medial surface.
The bottoms of the outer column piles 22 and the inner column piles 21 are sleeved with cylindrical pile shoes 60, the bottoms of the pile shoes 60 are connected with pile discs 61, and the pile discs 61 are in contact with the bottom surface of a water area. The distance between the inner and outer column piles is 0.6-1.5m, the distance between the inner and outer column piles is 4-10m, the bottom of each column pile is provided with a solid pile tip, the depth of the solid pile tip driven into the sea bottom is not less than 1/4 of the height of the whole column pile, the column pile on the bottom is provided with a pile disc 61 and a pile shoe 60 which are connected with each other, the top of the column pile is provided with a signal marker body 23, the marker body 23 comprises a signal lamp, a flag and the like, and the design is reasonable according to the ground conditions of the sea area of fence grazing culture, the sea condition environment and the grazing culture system construction and layout scheme.
The sinking floating body 50 is arranged at the upper end of the pile shoe 60, a limiting component 90 is arranged on the inner column pile 21 or the outer column pile 22 between the sinking floating body 50 and the pile shoe 60, the limiting component 90 comprises a limiting base plate 95, a limiting rotating sleeve 94 and a limiting circular plate 93 which are coaxial with the inner column pile 21 or the outer column pile 22 and are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the limiting rotating sleeve 94 and the limiting circular plate 93 are movably connected with the inner column pile 21 or the outer column pile 22, the side of the limiting rotating sleeve 94 is connected with the bottom surface of the limiting base plate 95 through a limiting support rod 92, and the limiting circular plate 93 is fixedly connected with the inner column pile 21 or the outer column pile 22; the upper surface of the limiting base plate 95 is provided with fan-shaped limiting rotary plates 91 at intervals, the surfaces of the limiting rotary plates 91 are provided with grooves, and the grooves are communicated towards the side edge direction of the limiting base plate 95. The limiting assembly 90 is designed between the sinking-floating body 50 and the pile shoe 60 to limit the up-and-down displacement range of the sinking-floating body 50 on a pile, so that the problem that the sinking-floating body 50 is contacted with the ground or the clearance space between the sinking-floating body 50 and the ground is too small to cause the difficulty in water exchange in the bottom range and removal of sediments, residual baits and the like due to the fact that the sinking-floating body 50 is in contact with the limiting rotary plate 91 of the limiting assembly 90 when the sinking-floating body 50 is excessively displaced downwards is avoided, and thus the limiting rotary plate 91 is in butt joint with the sinking-floating body 50 through the limiting rotary plate 91 to control the distance between the sinking-floating body 50 and the ground, when the sinking-floating body 50 is not in butt joint with the limiting assembly 90, the groove body arranged on the surface of the limiting rotary plate 91 enables the limiting rotary plate 91 to form rotary motion relative to the ocean current drive, and the water flow near the limiting assembly 90 is disturbed through the rotation, so that the up-and-down floating of the sinking-floating body 50 on the upper portion can be promoted to drive the fluctuation of the bottom in the clothes net 10, the discharging of bottom materials in the netting is facilitated, the materials are prevented from being accumulated, the floating rate of the netting 10 is relatively improved, the cultured objects near the netting are driven through the fluctuation of the netting 10, and the phenomenon that the cultured objects are scratched or the cultured objects are bitten into the netting 10 due to the contact of the netting 10 is avoided.
The outer column pile 22 and the inner column pile 21 comprise an inner support column sleeve 29, an outer support column sleeve 210 is sleeved outside the inner support column sleeve 29, and a first support plate 28 and filled concrete 211 are connected between the inner support column sleeve 29 and the outer support column sleeve 21. Interior support column casing 29 and outer support column casing 210 select for use the steel pipe material, its intensity is high, crowded soil influence is little, it is convenient to build, and pour through concrete 211, can be the preferred save steel in order to reduce the cost, the condition such as decay also can not appear, the design through steel pipe and concrete 211 realizes improving the post intensity that obtains, from the actual conditions of deep and far sea grazing and breeding, general post is friction type stake, the vertical load of post mainly bears by post side frictional resistance, consequently, the reinforcing frictional strength of should considering when the post is made, the event obtains the post that the frictional strength is high through the mode of designing concrete and inside and outside support column casing.
The edge of the upper end of the netting 10 is connected with a first floating ball 13, the edge of the bottom end of the netting is connected with a first sinking block 14, and a metal steel rope 12 is woven in the netting 10. The design scheme of first floater 13 can realize improving the showy effect of netting 10 upper end, and the 14 schemes of first heavy piece of netting 10 bottom design can effectively improve netting 10 net box structure shape stability, guarantee that the breed space is stable, and the mode of design metal net rope 12 is used for improving netting intensity in netting 10, and can reduce the long-time use fracture probability of netting.
The netting 10 in the scheme is made of a high-strength and light-weight material, such as ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene UHMWPE and the like, the netting 10 can be of an inner layer structure and an outer layer structure, wherein the metal steel ropes 12 are designed at intervals of 2-4m, the overall strength is improved, and the damage and escape risks are reduced.
Example 2:
the further optimization scheme of the embodiment based on the embodiment 1 is as follows: the outer column piles 22 and the inner column piles 21 are arranged at intervals in a rectangular shape, the floating bodies 40 connected with the outer column piles form a rectangular interval arrangement mode, the supporting assemblies 80 are connected between the floating bodies 40 on two sides of the corners of the floating bodies 40 arranged at intervals in a rectangular shape, the supporting component 80 comprises a supporting auxiliary rod 82 connected with the floating bodies 40 at two sides, a telescopic movable cavity 86 coaxial with the supporting auxiliary rod 82 is arranged at the opposite side of the supporting auxiliary rod 82, a collecting supporting rod 81 is arranged between the two supporting auxiliary rods 82, two ends of the collecting supporting rod 81 are respectively inserted into the telescopic movable cavity 86, the end part of the collecting supporting rod 81 is connected with the bottom of the telescopic movable cavity 86 through a first spring 87, the bottom of the collecting support rod 81 is connected with a collecting rotating rod 85 capable of rotating, the bottom of the collecting rotating rod 85 is connected with a rotating blade 84, and the bottom of the rotating blade 84 is connected with a push plate 83 vertically arranged. Support assembly 80 through the design forms the joint support to the body 40 of corner, can realize improving rail upper portion anti-storm intensity like this, after one side body 40 receives the influence of stormy waves, body 40 can transmit the atress to supporting collection bracing piece 81 through support assembly 80 and consume the energy through first spring 87 in the transfer process, thereby realize reducing rail unilateral stormy waves influence whole rail surface of water stability and rail bulk strength, the design of collecting dwang 85 and rotating vane 84 of collecting bracing piece 81 below design can realize playing the unrestrained effect of disappearing to near body 40 scope water, reduce corner body 40 and receive the influence degree of stormy waves, and reduce the stormy waves intensity of corner, avoid parts such as body 40 to be destroyed or the breed to pass through the too big unrestrained stream escape of corner.
The outer side of the floating block 40 at the side of the supporting component 80 is connected with a collecting box 70, the netting 10 is provided with a net inlet and outlet 15 communicated with the collecting box 70, the upper end of the collecting box 70 is horizontally provided with collecting cross rods 71 at intervals, and the bottoms of the collecting cross rods 71 are connected with rotating blocks 72 in a hanging manner through collecting connecting ropes 73. The designed collection rotating rod 85 and the rotating blade 84 can also play a role in collecting the floating objects on the water surface inside the cultured fence, the rotating motion of the water body is driven by the rotating motion, the probability that the floating objects on the water surface float to the corner of the fence is improved, the centralized collection of personnel is facilitated, particularly, floating garbage, dead cultured objects and the like are realized, the problem that the floating objects scatter to the inner side of the fence influence light transmittance is solved, the floating objects on the corner of the centralized fence can be manually salvaged into the collection box 70 to serve as a temporary suspension space and can be centrally treated after reaching a certain amount, wherein live organisms which are mistakenly salvaged inside the collection box 70 return to the inner side range of the netting 10 through the net inlet and outlet 15 arranged between the collection box 70 and the netting 10, the floating objects are placed in the collection box 70 and cannot flow back to the inner side range of the netting 10, and the internal flow of the collection box 70 is reduced by designing the rotating block 72 and the collection connecting rope 73 in the collection box 70 to slow down The possibility of the floating material flowing back into the netting 10, the design of the rotating block 72 also provides nutrient utilization for the dead organisms in the culture space such as the cultured asparagus, and avoids excessive changes in the cultured water quality.
Example 3:
through numerical simulation, modeling is performed on the existing fence culture facility and the deep-open sea double-column-pile lifting type fence grazing culture system in the embodiment 1 of the invention, and the results of the numerical simulation are shown in table 1, wherein the conditions of all the working conditions of the embodiment 1 are better than those of the existing fence culture facility.
TABLE 1 Marine environmental conditions for various working conditions
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A deep open sea double-column pile lifting fence grazing breeding system comprises:
the outer column piles (22) are arranged in the water area at intervals in a rectangular shape, inner column piles (21) which are equal in height and have a spacing distance with the outer column piles are correspondingly arranged on the inner sides of the outer column piles (22),
the floating body (40), the two ends of the floating body (40) are provided with through holes which are spliced with the outer column piles (22) and the inner column piles (21), the floating body (40) is spliced at the upper end parts of the outer column piles (22) and the inner column piles (21),
a netting (10) which is in a net cage structure, the side edges of the upper end part of the netting are respectively connected with a floating body (40),
the lower end parts of the outer column piles (22) and the inner column piles (21) are provided with sinking-floating bodies (50), the sinking-floating bodies (50) are provided with through holes which are spliced with the outer column piles (22) and the inner column piles (21), and the side edges of the bottom ends of the netting are respectively connected with the sinking-floating bodies (50);
the sinking body (50) is arranged at the upper end of the pile shoe (60), a limiting component (90) is arranged on the inner column pile (21) or the outer column pile (22) between the sinking body (50) and the pile shoe (60), the limiting assembly (90) comprises a limiting base plate (95), a limiting rotating sleeve (94) and a limiting circular plate (93) which are coaxial with the inner column pile (21) or the outer column pile (22) and are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the limiting rotating sleeve (94) and the limiting circular plate (93) are movably connected with the inner column pile (21) or the outer column pile (22), the side of the limit rotating sleeve (94) is connected with the bottom surface of a limit base plate (95) through a limit support rod (92), the upper surface of the limit base plate (95) is provided with fan-blade-shaped limit rotary plates (91) at intervals, spacing spiral plate (91) surface fluting sets up, the fluting is to spacing base plate (95) side direction through setting.
2. The deep-open sea double-column-pile lifting type fence grazing culture system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the diameter of a through hole for splicing the floating body (40) with the outer column pile (22) and the inner column pile (21) is larger than that of the outer column pile (22) and the inner column pile (21), and first net tying rings (41) are respectively arranged on the lateral sides of the floating body (40).
3. The deep-open sea double-column-pile lifting type fence grazing culture system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the diameter of a through hole formed by splicing the sinking body (50) with the outer column pile (22) and the inner column pile (21) is larger than the diameter of the outer column pile (22) and the inner column pile (21), second net tying rings (52) are respectively arranged on the lateral sides of the sinking body (50), the sinking body (50) is hollow, an inflation pipe (51) with a valve is arranged on the upper portion of the sinking body (50), a water inlet and outlet pipe (53) with a valve is arranged below the sinking body (50), and the inflation pipe (51) and the water inlet and outlet pipe (53) are communicated with a hollow chamber of the sinking body (50).
4. The deep-open sea double-column-pile lifting type fence grazing culture system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a first reinforcing rope (11) is connected between the outer column pile (22) and a floating body (40) at the upper end of the inner column pile (21).
5. The deep-open sea double-column-pile lifting type fence grazing culture system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the water area outside the outer column pile (22) is provided with an anchor pile (32), the anchor pile (32) is connected with the outer column pile (22) through an anchoring rope (30), and the anchoring rope (30) is provided with a weight strip (31).
6. The deep-open sea double-column-pile lifting type fence grazing culture system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: still be equipped with spliced pole (24) between interior post stake (21) and outer post stake (22) upper end, body (40) upper end is located in spliced pole (24), spliced pole (24) are connected with outer post stake (22) and interior post stake (21) of both sides through bolt (25) and fastener (26), upper and lower tip still is equipped with first dog (27) between spliced pole (24) and outer post stake (22) and interior post stake (21).
7. The deep-open sea double-column-pile lifting type fence grazing culture system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the outer column pile (22) and the bottom of the inner column pile (21) are both sleeved with cylindrical pile shoes (60), the bottom of each pile shoe (60) is connected with a pile disc (61), and the pile discs (61) are in contact with the bottom surface of a water area.
8. The deep-open sea double-column-pile lifting type fence grazing culture system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: outer column pile (22) and interior column pile (21) include interior support column cover (29), outer support column cover (210) are established to interior support column cover (29) outside cover, be connected with first backup pad (28) and pack concrete (211) between interior support column cover (29) and outer support column cover (21).
9. The deep-open sea double-column-pile lifting type fence grazing culture system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper end edge of the netting (10) is connected with a first floating ball (13), the bottom end edge of the netting is connected with a first sinking block (14), and a metal steel rope (12) is woven in the netting (10).
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| CN114632776B (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-11-21 | 湖南君山生态渔业集团有限公司 | Aquaculture net cage sundry cleaning device and operation method thereof |
| CN114902988A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-16 | 汕头轻工装备研究院 | Honeycomb type marine ranch |
| CN114766404B (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-08-11 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Tubular pile type fence structure applied to deep open sea cultivation and installation method thereof |
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