CN203505317U - Flexible-structure tension leg type deep water net cage capable of adjusting floating force with air bags and ascending and descending along with changing water levels - Google Patents
Flexible-structure tension leg type deep water net cage capable of adjusting floating force with air bags and ascending and descending along with changing water levels Download PDFInfo
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- CN203505317U CN203505317U CN201320623481.2U CN201320623481U CN203505317U CN 203505317 U CN203505317 U CN 203505317U CN 201320623481 U CN201320623481 U CN 201320623481U CN 203505317 U CN203505317 U CN 203505317U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a tension leg type net cage. The tension leg net cage is a novel net cage which is safe, reliable, resistant to typhoons and suitable for a wide sea area. An oversea tension leg type deep water net cage adopts a rigid framework scheme, thus construction of a large net cage is not facilitated and prevention of collapsing, namely instability, of the structure is not facilitated either. The utility model provides a flexible structure scheme and columns of which floating force is adjusted through air bags are connected through plate-type floating parts, wherein the plate-type floating parts are composed of polyvinyl chloride or polyurethane foaming bodies which are connected through cable ropes. A set of concrete pressure loading blocks are suspended below a bottom lug of each column to form a pressure loading balancing cabin. Meanwhile, column bodies are restrained through mooring ropes. One end of each mooring rope is fixed to a base and the other end of the mooring rope is fixed to a column lug. Before a typhoon arrives, the columns are filled with water to descend and the air bags are deflated. Depth-setting floaters are used for descending the columns to the designed depth to avoid the typhoon. After the typhoon has passed, the columns are inflated and water is discharged from the columns, so that the columns float up and are restored. According to the tension leg net cage, the most urgent problem of resisting wind and waves of the current depth water net cage is solved and the tension leg net cage has huge popularization value.
Description
Technical field
Air bag regulates the flexible structure tension leg type deep water mesh cage that floating power can the heave of Sui fluctuation in stage, is that a kind of ocean current that is applicable to is anxious and without the novel net cage in the open sea area of shield, belongs to ocean engineering field.
Background technology
Cage culture is the pith of marine economy, the gravity type HDPE net cage of being introduced by Norway at present develops rapidly, in the yellow Bohai Sea, the East Sea, the South Sea, have a large amount of raisers to use, this gravity type net box made from HDPE material, although the tube frame of making by HDPE, by note/drainpipe is set, before typhoon, can be sunken to certain depth, evade the wave stroke of waterline, but still have following fatal defect from this net cage of practice:
1. be not suitable with the impact of ocean current, when current speed only reaches 0.257m/s according to observations, just may deform, when flow velocity reaches 1m/s, will lose 80% cage culture and hold body, so just lost a large amount of culture resources.
2. because this class net cage of above-mentioned reason can only use at right up and down inner bay, because raiser swarms in this narrow and small inner bay, cause in gulf water quality very severe, even stinking smell assaulting one's nostrils, fish poor quality, fish disease is many, and a most valuable line seascape is lost in coastal city.This just forces local government for city development, the inner bay cage culture family of having to go by force to drive, but because there is no the technical support of open waters use, this just makes raiser in very difficult condition.
The not corresponding reliable anchoring anchoring system of 3.HDPE net cage is supporting, this take with tension type net cage reliable anchoring mooring as prerequisite different, anchoring and mooring problem do not solve always, so that pass through under typhoon to sink, not possible wind resistance, in by the end of September, 2011 Lingao, Hainan at the fish culture net cage of open waters, at typhoon " Ni Ge " be annihilated under attacking, half is blown to off-lying sea and is lost, half blows to bank and batters down, one of the fish of fast results is not all got back, the economic loss of Jin San company nearby 800,000,000.
4.HDPE net cage is by HDPE material, be that the large-diameter pipe that high density polyethylene (HDPE) is made is processed into buoyancy and the supporting member that annulus is made net cage, its loading characteristic is still similar to a pipeline, bent flat be that unstability remains one of principal mode that its destroys, in August, 2013 typhoon " especially " blow Yangjiang, Guangdong, cause local net cage to be annihilated, with in by the end of September, 2011 Lingao, Hainan at the fish culture net cage of open waters, at typhoon " Ni Ge " being annihilated under attacking is not both, in the better situation of net cage anchoring mooring, under the rotation action of ocean current that HDPE Net-cage frame causes at typhoon, presenting HDPE pipe component song flat is unstable failure.
From the cage culture of upper analysis development open waters, need to break through the limitation of HDPE net cage, seek a kind of safety, reliable, Anti-Typhoon, be applicable to ocean current anxious and without the novel net cage in the open sea area of shield, the utilization of resources in vast marine site is got up.According to domestic and international existing experience and theory analysis, improved route has:
1. fixed anchor strut system, by net cage mooring Zhang tightly on anchor strut, ocean current can not cause the drift of net cage undoubtedly, cause cage culture to hold bulk diffusion, but fixed anchor strut must have reliable anchoring, and realize version and the construction method of this anchoring, but this is a difficult problem, because by conventional pile foundation, because introducing marine guidance piling, expensive operation on the sea expense, just makes this scheme meaningless.
2. tension leg type net cage, tightens net cage by tension force, can make equally ocean current can not cause the drift of net cage, causes cage culture to hold bulk diffusion, but brings two problems:
The basis that A. will have the reliable anchoring of high withdrawal resistance of balance tension, if aforementioned this is a difficult problem;
B. to have and produce enough structures of large buoyancy, in ocean engineering specialty, be called " buoyancy compartment ", according to the ancient law of Archimedes, buoyancy is exactly the weight that buoyancy aid is got rid of water body, if flood tide, ebb tide all guarantees its tension force, only has a way, while allowing net cage be placed in low tide under water, this just brings the inconvenience of operation reason, as feeding, fish for, reject the inconvenience of the operations such as Si Fish.
In order to break through the limitation of HDPE net cage, seek a kind of safety, reliable, Anti-Typhoon, be applicable to ocean current anxious and without the novel net cage in the open sea area of shield, just must take tension leg type net cage as basis, and the core of getting its tension force, changes the inconvenient shortcoming of its operating surface, retain gravity type HDPE net cage simultaneously, by note/drainpipe is set, before typhoon, can be sunken to certain depth, evade the effective Anti-Typhoon way of wave stroke of waterline.By inventor herein, researched and developed, obtained the tension leg type deep water mesh cage of the patent ” Ke Sui fluctuation in stage heave of being authorized " (patent No. 201320095246.2) illustrated principle and the feature of tension leg type deep water mesh cage comprehensively, a new construction that is better than external tension leg type deep water mesh cage has been proposed, but with the external the same scheme that still adopts rigid backbone of tension leg type deep water mesh cage, this is unfavorable for constructing large-scale or ultra-large type tension leg type deep water mesh cage, also this be unfavorable for preventing the song of structure flat be unstability, the utility model proposes the flexible structure scheme that replaces rigid connector with buoyant rope, not only thoroughly having solved structure song flat is destabilization problems, also construct easily large-scale or ultra-large type tension leg type deep water mesh cage, therefore, this patent is the tension leg type deep water mesh cage to the heave of ” Ke Sui fluctuation in stage " (patent No. 201320095246.2) useful supplementing, make tension leg type deep water mesh cage have the value of broader applications.
Refer to Patent Document
[the tension leg type deep water mesh cage of 1] ” Ke Sui fluctuation in stage heave " patent No. 201320095246.2 inventors: the dimension patentee of ancient country: ancient country's dimension
Summary of the invention
In order to seek a kind of safety, reliably, Anti-Typhoon, be applicable to ocean current anxious and without the novel net cage in the open sea area of shield, take tension leg type net cage as basis, and the core of getting its tension force, changes the inconvenient shortcoming of its operating surface, realize the circumscribed breakthrough of HDPE net cage, the technical solution of the utility model is:
1, adopt air bag to regulate the cylinder of buoyancy as variable buoyancy module, it makes cylinder water-filling or draining by airbag aeration exhaust, air bag was just in case lost efficacy, note/draining pipe valve and the note/blow off valve that still can by this casing, install are routinely realized variable buoyancy function, are actually the dual fail-safe measure of guaranteeing buoyancy safety.The board-like buoyancy piece that the polyvinyl chloride being concatenated by cable or polyurethane foaming body form is made permanent buoyant tank, and this connected mode has formed and has been different from the flexible structure that rigid member connects;
2. at the bottom of the post of air bag adjusting buoyancy, under hanger, hang one group of concrete ballast piece, be configured to ballast balance cabin;
3. in order to make air bag regulate the cylinder of buoyancy not have large departing from high sea, shaft retrains with hawser, and it is upper that hawser one end is fixed on basis, and basis can be stake or anchor, the hawser other end is fixed on cylinder hanger, and wherein one group is fixed on cylinder hanger by adjustable damper;
To point out especially: when the ratio d/ λ >0.5 of the depth of water and wavelength, be deep-water weave, water body particle is to follow circular trace motion, radius of circle is decayed downwards from the water surface by exponential law, the horizontal velocity component of water particle is maximum at water surface, along with the depth of water, sharply reduce, the water-filling dive successful of net cage, but be Very Shallow Water ripple when d/ λ≤0.05, water particle is almost horizontal trajectory and moves back and forth, its velocity level's component is almost constant from the water surface to the bottom, when 0.05<d/ λ≤0.5, it is shallow-water wave, water particle track is an ellipse, horizontal velocity along the attenuation rate of the depth of water between deep-water weave and Very Shallow Water ripple between the two, therefore at shallow-water wave district (depth of water <20m), the water-filling dive effect of net cage is not large especially, now, just meaningful especially to net cage constraint with hawser,
4. air bag regulates the cylinder of buoyancy some hanging members to be set as hanger according to purposes, and suspension ring are for heaving pile and be net cage etc.;
5. phase O two air bags regulate the cylinder central authorities of buoyancy that multi-functional conversion piece casing is set, and it had both facilitated the cable board-like buoyancy piece of contacting, and can be used as again a mooring point, can be again manager a little operating platform is provided simultaneously.
This technical scheme principle is, enough the buoyancy compartment of large buoyancy with enough greatly the ballast tank of ballast couple together, the two is after poised state, between buoyancy compartment and ballast tank, just produced tension force, as shown in Figure 1, H is wind, wave, the horizontal force producing under flowing common action, it departs from buoyancy aid generation, establishes the tilting complex torque M that horizontal force H produces
-, it is M that buoyancy F produces righting moment
+, the two is just in time reverse, and tension force can make it get back to equalization point by acting in opposition, thereby realizes dynamic equilibrium, the principle of compliant type anchoring that Here it is.When water level changes, buoyancy changes, and buoyancy compartment is together with the upper and lower heave of ballast tank.As shown in Figure 2, allow it sink (air bag deflation), and depthkeeping float is evaded typhoon by its dive to projected depth before typhoon is attacked by variable buoyancy compartment water filling, typhoon allows its floating restore toward variable buoyancy compartment gas injection draining later.
The utility model has the advantages that rational in infrastructure, safety is good, structurelessness song is flat is destabilization problems, workable, the inconvenient shortcoming that has overcome foreign same type total flooding tension leg type net cage operating surface completely, has again the reliable mechanism of evading typhoon, and can to adapt to waters scope large for this net cage simultaneously, be beneficial to the large-scale or ultra-large type tension leg type deep water mesh cage of structure, this is just for exploitation ocean current is anxious and created condition without the culture resources in the open sea area of shield.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is compliant type equilibrium principle figure;
Fig. 2 is that the utility model is evaded typhoon control submerged depth principle schematic;
Fig. 3 is that the utility model is constructed vertical schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the utility model formation level schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that cylinder top structure is arranged A enlarged diagram, clear cylinder and the net cage cable, cylinder and rail structure and note/draining pipe valve, note/blow off valve tectonic relationship of having explained;
Fig. 6 is net cage conversion block case construction B enlarged diagram, clear conversion block casing and net cage cable and the rail structure relation explained, and conversion block casing, as the structure signal of net cage mooring point, has also been explained the connection organigram of board-like buoyancy piece simultaneously;
Fig. 7 is board-like buoyancy piece organigram;
Fig. 8 is cylinder hanger structure C enlarged diagram, knows and has explained as the hanger of important component anti-shearing, anti-tear strengthening measure;
Fig. 9 is that cylinder hanger is connected structure D enlarged diagram with mooring line 1;
Figure 10 is that cylinder link connects structure E enlarged diagram;
Figure 11 is suspension type ballast balance cabin structure F enlarged diagram, and it consists of prefabricated saddle weight of block concrete of ballast carrier bearing bracket;
Figure 12 is concrete prefabricated saddle weight structural representation.
Wherein: wherein: 1 cylinder, 2 air bags, 3 end face closure plate, 4 bottom surface closure plate, 5 shaft hangers, 6 shaft hanger reinforcing plates, 7 shaft hanger bases, 8 adjustable damping devices, 9 mooring lines 1, 10 mooring lines 2, 11 mooring lines 3, 12 net cage cables, 13 board-like buoyancy pieces, 1301 RPVCs or polyurethane foaming body, 1302 epoxy resin clay, 1303 steel wire 1304 glass fabrics, 1305 aramid fiber straps, 1306 stainless steel snap close rings, the connection cord of 14 board-like buoyancy pieces, 15 rail posts, 1501 rail post hanging cable rings, 1502 rail post chassis, 16 railing ropes, 17 conversion block casings, 1701 polyvinyl chloride or polyurethane foaming body, 18 notes/blow off valve, 19 notes/draining pipe valve, 20 cylinder bottom surface hangers, 21 cylinder bottom surface hanger stiffeners, 22 cylinder hanging cable ring 23 net cage connection cords, 24 ballast carrier brackets, 25 ballast carrier Tuo Jia Lian Rod, 26 ballast carrier Tuo Jia Lian Rod upper end shackles, 27 concrete prefabricated saddle weights, 28 ettings, 29 net cage bottom support frameworks, 30 basic hangers, 31 bases, 32 depthkeeping floats.
Embodiment
Completing by land air bag regulates the large parts of flexible structure tension leg type deep water mesh cage two of Fu Li Ke Sui fluctuation in stage heave to build, be net cage cylinder 1 and annex, basis is finite form not, etting 28, air bag 2, adjustable damping device 8, also there is commercial prod, so basic, air bag 2, adjustable damping device 8 and etting 28 are made and needn't be set forth here.
It is conventional steel construction operation that net cage cylinder 1 is made, difference is that to compare requirement higher with land light-duty steel construction house operation, weldment on cylinder 1 and cylinder 1, as end face closure plate 3, bottom surface closure plate 4, shaft hanger 5, cylinder bottom surface hanger 20, cylinder hanging cable ring 22, note/blow off valve 18, the making such as note/draining pipe valve 19 should strictly observe building process, material should be selected the steel that solderability is good on selecting, in welding link, should there is perfect welding procedure, weld seam detection program, welding personnel should be held qualified welder's certificate, forbid without card or rank deficient personnel welding.
Cylinder 1 diameter is large, when market does not have production tube, process voluntarily or consigned processing, is rolled into tubulose welds longitudinal joint again by steel plate, and the program of now should pressing is carried out:
A. setting-out cutting;
B. veneer reeling machine roll bending moulding;
C. the groove of polishing;
D. longitudinal seam automatic welding or manual welding are made welded pipe;
E. other annex of welding cylinder;
F. weld inspection, available magnetic powder inspection sampling observation, can do ultrasonic examination sampling observation as having ready conditions.
To point out especially the importance of shaft hanger 5 welding, at Fig. 8, in the C of Fig. 9 and D enlarged diagram, clear explained as the hanger of important component anti-shearing, anti-tear strengthening measure, not at all can be careless in making, as the Wrong mistake that the general hanger of violating 5 is direct by hanger base 7 and cylinder welds, its disastrous effect is under huge pulling force effect, because cylinder wall thickness produces avulsion compared with the thin or anti-lamellar tearing performance of steel is bad.
Land another preparation is to make ballast carrier bracket 24 by Figure 11, the ballast carrier bracket ballast carrier Tuo Jia Lian Rod 25 that burn-ons again, the upper port shackle 26 of burn-oning, another is the armored concrete block of perforate in the middle of building by Figure 12, square or circular or polygon all can, for gaining in weight, reduce volume, should preferentially select heavy weight aggregates, as iron ore, scrap iron piece etc., fill stone in the casing that also available steel is done or iron ore is husky.
Board-like buoyancy piece is made and is pressed Fig. 7, it take RPVC or polyurethane foaming body 1301 is core body, upper berth one deck epoxy resin clay 1302, then be pressed into steel wire 1303, above wrap up again glass fabric 1304, finally with infiltrating the modulated aramid fiber strap 1305 for preparing the epoxy resin of curing agent, reinforce, after solidifying, aramid fiber strap 1,305 two ends are stamped stainless steel snap close ring 1306, with the connection cord 14 of board-like buoyancy piece, be connected with net cage cable, between board-like buoyancy piece, the parallel and interconnection with connection cord 14, refers to Fig. 6.Board-like buoyancy piece advantage is to can be used as net cage administrative staff aisle to use, if replace being also fine with commodity buoyancy piece.
Entering the marine embodiment of installing is:
First at pre-Dinghai District, first complete basis and install, on basic top hanger 30, the red ball float of tying sign is to the water surface.Owing to being flexible structure, can get up transportation by driving to on-the-spot by whole bundle Peng, behind scene, ballast carrier Tuo Jia Lian Rod upper end shackle 26 is connected with cylinder bottom surface hanger 20, calculating under the ballast carrier of weight makes net cage cylinder 1 upright after water, four posts are moved to set point, by diver, fasten mooring line 9,10,11.Single anchor leg formula platform (SLAM) structure similarly in marine petroleum development, reports that transportation by driving to on-the-spot completing for latter 48 hours install and go into operation, as seen the advantage of this type structure sea installation.
Claims (3)
1. air bag regulates the flexible structure tension leg type deep water mesh cage of Fu Li Ke Sui fluctuation in stage heave, it is characterized in that adopting air bag to regulate the cylinder of buoyancy as variable buoyancy compartment, the board-like buoyancy piece that the polyvinyl chloride being concatenated by cable or polyurethane foaming body form is made permanent buoyant tank,. at the bottom of the post of air bag adjusting buoyancy, under hanger, hang one group of concrete ballast piece, be configured to ballast balance cabin; Air bag regulates the cylinder shaft of buoyancy to retrain with hawser simultaneously, and it is upper that hawser one end is fixed on basis, and the other end is fixed on cylinder hanger.
2. air bag according to claim 1 regulates the flexible structure tension leg type deep water mesh cage that floating power can the heave of Sui fluctuation in stage, cylinder end face installing note/draining pipe valve and note/blow off valve.
3. air bag according to claim 1 regulates the flexible structure tension leg type deep water mesh cage that floating power can the heave of Sui fluctuation in stage, it is characterized in that two-phase O cylinder central authorities are provided with multi-functional conversion piece casing.
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| CN201320623481.2U CN203505317U (en) | 2013-10-09 | 2013-10-09 | Flexible-structure tension leg type deep water net cage capable of adjusting floating force with air bags and ascending and descending along with changing water levels |
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| CN201320623481.2U CN203505317U (en) | 2013-10-09 | 2013-10-09 | Flexible-structure tension leg type deep water net cage capable of adjusting floating force with air bags and ascending and descending along with changing water levels |
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Cited By (13)
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| CN104170779A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-03 | 嵊泗县陈久海洋生物集养有限公司 | Aquaculture net cage |
| CN104488792A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-08 | 江虎 | Clamping and connecting aquaculture net cage |
| WO2016063040A1 (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-04-28 | Seafarm Products As | Submersible cage for aquaculture |
| CN106954574A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-07-18 | 无锡市阳山镇三和源农业专业合作社 | A kind of loach breeding net cage |
| CN107140140A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-09-08 | 大连理工大学 | Semi-submersible type blower fan and aquaculture net cage integrated system without support post |
| CN107889777A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-04-10 | 济南昌林气囊容器厂有限公司 | A kind of float structure of floatable deep-sea air bag aquaculture net cage |
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Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104170779B (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2016-06-08 | 嵊泗县陈久海洋生物集养有限公司 | A kind of aquiculture net cage |
| CN104170779A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-03 | 嵊泗县陈久海洋生物集养有限公司 | Aquaculture net cage |
| WO2016063040A1 (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-04-28 | Seafarm Products As | Submersible cage for aquaculture |
| CN104488792A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-08 | 江虎 | Clamping and connecting aquaculture net cage |
| CN104488792B (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2016-11-30 | 江虎 | A kind of plug-in aquaculture net cage |
| CN108040999A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2018-05-18 | 朱慧 | Mosquito eradication lamp box |
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