CN113158484A - Method and system for evaluating stability of transmission tower under geological disaster condition - Google Patents
Method and system for evaluating stability of transmission tower under geological disaster condition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for evaluating stability of a transmission tower under geological disaster conditions, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an influence factor set of a transmission tower, and reducing the influence factor set of the transmission tower; constructing a local linear relation between the actual strength degradation rate of the tower material and the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower, and calculating the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material of the tower by using the local linear relation; according to the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material of the tower, the danger grades of the transmission towers are classified; detecting the stress borne by the test rod piece by using a stress meter, and calculating the equivalent stress of the rod piece; according to the equivalent stress of the rod piece, introducing each reduction coefficient to correct the judgment method of the rod piece failure, and obtaining a formula for judging the rod piece failure; and evaluating the stability of the rod. According to the method, the influence condition of geological change on the transmission tower is simulated, so that the influence weight of geological disasters on the stability of the transmission tower is obtained, and a reliable standard is provided for evaluating the stability of the tower on the site.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of structural safety evaluation of transmission towers, in particular to a method and a system for evaluating stability of a transmission tower under a geological disaster condition.
Background
With the increase of the total installed capacity of electric power in China, the scale of the electric network in China has leaped the top of the world by 2010, wherein the total length of the 220 KV and above electric transmission lines reaches 43 kilo kilometers. The power transmission line often passes through geological disaster areas such as hilly lands, riverbed zones and the like. Influenced by geological disasters, the power transmission line tower can generate foundation protective surface cracking, foundation settlement, tower inclination and even tower collapse. The normal operation safety of the power grid is seriously threatened.
At present, the geological disaster monitoring of the power transmission line is mainly implemented by strengthening the hidden danger of the geological disaster before the flood, strengthening the operation and maintenance inspection of the line in the flood and strengthening the post-disaster treatment after the flood. Before geological disasters occur, a slow and weak development process usually exists and is generally difficult to be artificially perceived. The operation and maintenance working mode often cannot find out geological hidden dangers in time before a disaster happens, and early warning of the disaster is sent out in advance, so that sufficient reaction time is provided for disaster control and rush repair. Therefore, a means for monitoring the development process and the development degree of the geological disaster is needed to evaluate the risk level, so as to provide support for the line operation and maintenance decision analysis.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing power transmission line geological disaster monitoring mainly aims at strengthening the hidden danger of the geological disaster before the flood, strengthening the operation and maintenance inspection of a line in the flood and strengthening the post-disaster treatment after the flood; before geological disasters occur, a slow and weak development process usually exists and is generally difficult to be artificially perceived. The operation and maintenance working mode often cannot find geological hidden dangers in time before a disaster happens to send out disaster early warning in advance, and cannot provide sufficient reaction time for disaster control and first-aid repair; and the existing power transmission line geological disaster assessment method is not accurate enough and reliable enough.
Therefore, the method and the system for evaluating the stability of the transmission tower under the geological disaster condition are provided for exploring adverse geological effects and geological disasters such as earthquakes, landslide debris flows, lava collapse and collapse which occur in site history, deeply knowing site geological characteristics, and providing necessary criteria for evaluating the stability of the transmission tower.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a method for evaluating stability of a transmission tower under geological disaster conditions, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: acquiring an influence factor set of a transmission tower, and reducing the influence factor set of the transmission tower;
step 2: according to the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower, constructing a local linear relation between the actual strength degradation rate of the tower material and the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower, and calculating the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material by using the local linear relation;
and step 3: according to the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material of the tower, the danger grades of the transmission towers are classified;
and 4, step 4: detecting the stress borne by the test rod piece by using a stress meter, and calculating the equivalent stress of the rod piece;
and 5: according to the equivalent stress of the rod piece, introducing each reduction coefficient to correct the judgment method of the rod piece failure, and obtaining a formula for judging the rod piece failure;
step 6: using the formula for judging the failure of the rod piece and the danger level of the transmission tower to carry out rod operationAnd (3) evaluating piece stability: sigma of the rodeqThe absolute value of the ratio of the bearing stresses with which the respective reduction factors are taken into account is the stress ratio γ, i.e.:
when gamma is less than 1, the stress on the rod piece is not exceeded; when gamma is 1, the rod is in a critical failure state; when gamma is more than 1, it shows that the equivalent stress of the rod exceeds the allowable stress value, the rod has failed, and the larger gamma is, the more serious the rod is damaged.
The working principle is as follows: the method is mainly characterized in that the geological disaster monitoring based on the current power transmission line is mainly implemented by strengthening the hidden danger of the geological disaster before the flood, strengthening the operation and maintenance inspection of the line in the flood and strengthening the post-disaster treatment after the flood; before geological disasters occur, a slow and weak development process usually exists and is generally difficult to be artificially perceived. The operation and maintenance working mode often cannot find geological hidden dangers in time before a disaster happens to send out disaster early warning in advance, and cannot provide sufficient reaction time for disaster control and rush repair. Therefore, the method and the system for evaluating the stability of the transmission tower under the geological disaster condition are provided for exploring adverse geological effects and geological disasters such as earthquakes, landslide debris flows, lava collapse and collapse which occur in site history, deeply knowing site geological characteristics, and providing necessary criteria for evaluating the stability of the transmission tower. The method is suitable for evaluating the structural stability of the transmission tower which runs for a long time in a complex geological environment.
Further, acquiring an influence factor set of the transmission tower in the step 1, wherein the influence factor set of the transmission tower comprises three categories of meteorological area conditions, sub-strength damage, wire stress and mechanical vibration; the influence factor set of the three types of transmission towers is expressed as U ═ U1，U2，U3}. Wherein: u shape1＝{u11，u12，u13，u14，u15}，u11Is the wind speed (maximum wind), u12Is the atmospheric temperature (lowest temperature), u13Is the average annual temperature u14To thickness of ice coating(thickest icing), u15The number of days of thunderstorm year. U shape2＝{u21，u22，u23，u24，u25，u26}，u21For run time, u22For number of times of bending repair, U23Number of times of fracture repair, u24Number of lightning or fault current damages u25For the number of repeated ice fatigue times, u26Mean operating stress/maximum operating stress. U shape3＝{u31，u32，u33，u34}，u31Number of split of conductor, u32Is the wind direction and line angle u33Is the roughness of the ground surface u34The corrosion amount of the steel is calculated. And (3) carrying out index set reduction by using the rough set to obtain the final index as follows: u ═ U1，U2，U3In which U is1＝{u11，u12，u14}，U2＝{u21，u22，u23，u24，u25}，U3＝{u31，u32，u33，u34}。
Further, the local linear relationship between the actual strength degradation rate of the constructed tower material and the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower in the step 2 is as follows:
η＝fθ(U)＝UTθ
wherein: theta represents a weight value of the influence factor set of the transmission tower, U is the influence factor set of the transmission tower after reduction, and T represents transposition; since the current and data are at different operating points, the data density corresponding to the current operating point u (t) may be different, and the number of data used for modeling is also variable, namely: the modeling neighborhood value is variable, and in order to obtain the optimal factor set weight vector theta and reduce the calculation amount, the variation range K belonging to the neighborhood can be preset [ K ]m，KM](Km＜KM) In calculating the weight vector theta of the factor set of the neighbor k +1k+1Then, directly using the weight vector theta of the factor set adjacent to kkFirst, an error function is given:
by adopting a gradient descent method, the weight vector of the influence factor set of the transmission tower is obtained by calculation as follows:
obtaining a model theta of a series of neighbor k +1k+1Meanwhile, a de-crossing error value of the neighboring k +1 can be obtained:
in the formula:
representing a model obtained by removing the jth data in the k +1 group of data;
representing the actual tower material strength degradation rate eta (j) and a model
The error between the obtained predicted values;
thus, a de-cross error set of the neighbor k +1 can be obtained
k+1≤kMMean square sum of these
Obtaining:
in the formula: weighting factor
Directly reflecting the de-cross error pair E of each U (j)loo(k +1) "contribution" size; at this time, if Eloo(k+1)＞Eloo(k)，k+1∈[Km，KM]If the model is considered to be 'poor', the regression calculation is stopped, and the model theta is usedkAs the best model of the current system; otherwise, selecting new information vector from the learning set according to the model obtained by the gradient descent method, and continuing iteration until k is kmUntil the end; therefore, the quality of the local model can be judged by a mechanism, and the optimal local linear model theta which accords with the relationship between the influence factor and the degradation rate at the current moment is obtainedk(ii) a Therefore, the local linear model can be used for calculating the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material;
the iteration continues until k equals kmUntil the end; therefore, the quality of the local model can be judged by a mechanism, and the optimal local linear model which accords with the relationship between the influence factors and the degradation rate at the current moment is obtained; the local linear model can be used for calculating the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material.
Further, the danger levels in the step 3 are classified according to the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower, the danger levels include five levels, I, II, III, IV and V, the level I indicates that the influence on the actual strength of the tower is small, the level II indicates that the influence on the actual strength of the tower is small, the level III indicates that the influence on the actual strength of the tower is medium, the level IV indicates that the influence on the actual strength of the tower is large, and the level V indicates that the influence on the actual strength of the tower is large.
Further, in the step 4, a stress tester is used for detecting the stress borne by the test rod piece, and the equivalent stress of the rod piece is calculated; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s41: fixing the stress sheet on the rod piece, and detecting the stress borne by the rod piece through a stress meter after the stress sheet deforms;
s42: testing equivalent stress of the rod piece: in engineering, a fourth strength theory is often used to describe the failure rule, that is, for a rod under a complex stress state, when the distortion energy density of the rod reaches the distortion energy density of the material during unidirectional stretching yield, the rod is subjected to yield failure, the strength theory is also called as Von Mises criterion, the equivalent stress of the rod is calculated by adopting the strength theory, and the corresponding strength judgment calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula sigmaeqVon Mises equivalent stress in MPa; sigma1、σ2、σ3Respectively a first main stress, a second main stress and a third main stress, wherein the unit is MPa; [ sigma ]]Is the allowable stress of the material and has the unit of MPa.
Furthermore, in step 5, according to the equivalent stress of the rod piece, introducing each reduction coefficient to correct the judgment method of the rod piece failure, so as to obtain a formula for judging the rod piece failure; the formula for judging the failure of the rod piece is as follows:
wherein sigma is the yield strength of the angle steel;
is a stability factor; m isNIs an area reduction factor; k is a width-thickness ratio reduction coefficient considering the utilization of the strength of the rod after buckling;
mNand k can be obtained by table look-up calculation in the procedure according to the angle steels with different section sizes used on the tower.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a system for evaluating stability of a power transmission tower under a geological disaster condition, where the system supports the method for evaluating stability of a power transmission tower under a geological disaster condition, and the system includes:
the system comprises an acquisition unit, a processing unit and a processing unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring an influence factor set of a transmission tower and reducing the influence factor set of the transmission tower;
the analysis unit is used for constructing a local linear relation between the actual strength degradation rate of the tower material and the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower according to the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower, and calculating the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material of the tower by using the local linear relation; and carrying out danger grade division on the transmission tower according to the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material of the tower;
the processing unit is used for detecting the stress borne by the test rod piece by using a stress meter and calculating the equivalent stress of the rod piece; according to the equivalent stress of the rod piece, introducing each reduction coefficient to correct the judgment method of the rod piece failure, and obtaining a formula for judging the rod piece failure; and using the formula for judging the failure of the rod piece and the danger level of the transmission tower to evaluate the stability of the rod piece;
and the output unit outputs the rod stability evaluation result.
Further, the obtaining unit obtains an influence factor set of the transmission tower, wherein the influence factor set of the transmission tower comprises three categories of meteorological area conditions, sub-intensity damage, lead stress and mechanical vibration; and reducing the influence factor set of the transmission tower by adopting a fuzzy set method.
In a third aspect, the present invention also provides an apparatus, comprising:
one or more processors;
a memory for storing one or more programs,
when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the method for tower stability assessment under geological disaster conditions.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor, implements the method for evaluating the stability of a power transmission tower under geological disaster conditions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the method, the influence condition of geological change on the transmission tower is simulated, so that the influence weight of geological disasters on the stability of the transmission tower is obtained, and a reliable standard is provided for evaluating the stability of the tower on the site.
2. The method and the system for evaluating the stability of the transmission tower under the geological disaster condition are used for exploring adverse geological effects and geological disasters such as earthquakes, landslide, debris flows, lava collapse and collapse which occur in site history, deeply knowing site geological characteristics, and providing necessary criteria for evaluating the stability of the transmission tower. The method is suitable for evaluating the structural stability of the transmission tower which runs for a long time in a complex geological environment.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating stability of a transmission tower under geological disaster conditions.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the tower footing displacement direction in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a stress variation curve diagram of the rod unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the stress distribution of the tower leg bar of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of the weak bar part under the condition that the tower footing sideslips.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that: it is not necessary to employ these specific details to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
Throughout the specification, reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" means: the particular features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example" or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Further, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the method for evaluating the stability of a transmission tower under geological disaster conditions according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, includes the following steps:
step 1: acquiring an influence factor set of a transmission tower, and reducing the influence factor set of the transmission tower;
step 2: according to the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower, constructing a local linear relation between the actual strength degradation rate of the tower material and the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower, and calculating the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material by using the local linear relation;
and step 3: according to the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material of the tower, the danger grades of the transmission towers are classified;
and 4, step 4: detecting the stress borne by the test rod piece by using a stress meter, and calculating the equivalent stress of the rod piece;
and 5: according to the equivalent stress of the rod piece, introducing each reduction coefficient to correct the judgment method of the rod piece failure, and obtaining a formula for judging the rod piece failure;
step 6: and using the formula for judging the failure of the rod piece and the danger level of the transmission tower to evaluate the stability of the rod piece: sigma of the rodeqThe absolute value of the ratio of the bearing stresses with which the respective reduction factors are taken into account is the stress ratio γ, i.e.:
when gamma is less than 1, the stress on the rod piece is not exceeded; when gamma is 1, the rod is in a critical failure state; when gamma is more than 1, it shows that the equivalent stress of the rod exceeds the allowable stress value, the rod has failed, and the larger gamma is, the more serious the rod is damaged.
In the embodiment, the tower material of the power transmission line tower is operated in the field for a long time, natural invasion, discharge and artificial external force damage are borne, and the actual mechanical strength of the tower is reduced relative to a theoretical value. And (4) taking the strength influence factors and the evaluation knowledge into consideration to present a nonlinear relation, and calculating the actual strength of the tower material based on a data mining method. And then comprehensively evaluating the stability of the tower by combining the equivalent stress of the rod piece. A basic index system for evaluating the strength of the 110kV voltage-class line iron tower is obtained through investigation in power supply enterprises and according to evaluation indexes of various factors influencing the strength of the tower material, which are given by related technicians, and by combining with actual data of human quantity. The basic index system (namely the influence factor set of the transmission tower) mainly comprises three factors of meteorological zone conditions, sub-intensity damage, lead stress and mechanical vibration.
Three-class power transmission poleThe set of tower influencing factors is expressed as U ═ U1，U2，U3}. Wherein: u shape1＝{u11，u12，u13，u14，u15}，U2＝{u21，u22，u23，u24，u25，u26}，U3＝{u31，u32，u33，u34}。
(1) Weather region conditions U1：
Wind speed (maximum wind) u11Atmospheric temperature (lowest temperature) u12Annual average temperature u13Thickness of ice coating (thickest ice coating) u14Annual thunderstorm days u15。
(2) Sub-intensity injury U2：
Run time u21Number of times of bend restoration u22Number of fracture repairs u23Number u of lightning or fault current damages24Number of repeated ice fatigue times u25Mean operating stress/maximum operating stress u26。
(3) Wire stress and mechanical vibration U3：
Number u of split conductor31Wind direction and line angle u32Surface roughness u33Rust corrosion amount u of steel34。
And finally, calculating and knowing through attribute importance reduction: u ═ U1, U2, U3, where U1＝{u11，u12，u14}，U2＝{u21，u22，u23，u24，u25}，U3＝{u31，u32，u33，u34}。
In this embodiment, the local linear relationship between the actual strength degradation rate of the tower material constructed in step 2 and the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower is as follows:
η＝fθ(U)＝UTθ
wherein: theta represents the weight value of the influence factor set of the transmission tower, and U is the influence factor set of the transmission tower after reductionT represents transposition; since the current and data are at different operating points, the data density corresponding to the current operating point u (t) may be different, and the number of data used for modeling is also variable, namely: the modeling neighborhood value is variable, and in order to obtain the optimal factor set weight vector theta and reduce the calculation amount, the variation range K belonging to the neighborhood can be preset [ K ]m，KM](Km＜KM) In calculating the weight vector theta of the factor set of the neighbor k +1k+1Then, directly using the weight vector theta of the factor set adjacent to kkFirst, an error function is given:
by adopting a gradient descent method, the weight vector of the influence factor set of the transmission tower is obtained by calculation as follows:
obtaining a model theta of a series of neighbor k +1k+1Meanwhile, a de-crossing error value of the neighboring k +1 can be obtained:
in the formula:
representing a model obtained by removing the jth data in the k +1 group of data;
representing the actual tower material strength degradation rate eta (j) and a model
The error between the obtained predicted values;
thus, a de-cross error set of the neighbor k +1 can be obtained
k+1≤kMMean square sum of these
Obtaining:
in the formula: weighting factor
Directly reflecting the de-cross error pair E of each U (j)loo(k +1) "contribution" size; at this time, if Eloo(k+1)＞Eloo(k)，k+1∈[Km，KM]If the model is considered to be 'poor', the regression calculation is stopped, and the model theta is usedkAs the best model of the current system; otherwise, selecting new information vector from the learning set according to the model obtained by the gradient descent method, and continuing iteration until k is kmUntil the end; therefore, the quality of the local model can be judged by a mechanism, and the optimal local linear model theta which accords with the relationship between the influence factor and the degradation rate at the current moment is obtainedk(ii) a Therefore, the local linear model can be used for calculating the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material;
the iteration continues until k equals kmUntil the end; therefore, the quality of the local model can be judged by a mechanism, and the optimal local linear model which accords with the relationship between the influence factors and the degradation rate at the current moment is obtained; the local linear model can be used for calculating the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material.
In this embodiment, since the values of the factors are different and complex, the basic index is standardized for the convenience of subsequent evaluation and calculation. The influence degree of evaluation factors on the tower material strength is divided into five grades including five grades of I, II, III, IV and V, wherein the grade I shows that the influence on the actual tower material strength is small, the grade II shows that the influence on the actual tower material strength is small, the grade III shows that the influence on the actual tower material strength is medium, the grade IV shows that the influence on the actual tower material strength is large, and the grade V shows that the influence on the actual tower material strength is large.
In this embodiment, in step 4, a stress tester is used to detect the stress applied to the test rod, and the equivalent stress of the rod is calculated; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s41: fixing the stress sheet on the rod piece, and detecting the stress borne by the rod piece through a stress meter after the stress sheet deforms;
s42: testing equivalent stress of the rod piece: in engineering, a fourth strength theory is often used to describe the failure rule, that is, for a rod under a complex stress state, when the distortion energy density of the rod reaches the distortion energy density of the material during unidirectional stretching yield, the rod is subjected to yield failure, the strength theory is also called as Von Mises criterion, the equivalent stress of the rod is calculated by adopting the strength theory, and the corresponding strength judgment calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula sigmaeqVon Mises equivalent stress in MPa; sigma1、σ2、σ3Respectively a first main stress, a second main stress and a third main stress, wherein the unit is MPa; [ sigma ]]Is the allowable stress of the material and has the unit of MPa.
In this embodiment, in step 5, according to the equivalent stress of the rod, each reduction coefficient is introduced to correct the judgment method of the rod failure, so as to obtain a formula for judging the rod failure; the formula for judging the failure of the rod piece is as follows:
wherein sigma is the yield of the angle steelStrength;
is a stability factor; m isNIs an area reduction factor; k is a width-thickness ratio reduction coefficient considering the utilization of the strength of the rod after buckling;
mNand k can be obtained by table look-up calculation in the procedure according to the angle steels with different section sizes used on the tower.
When in implementation:
case 1: taking the case that a certain tower footing is settled, the translational degree of freedom Uy of the tower footing node is released, a displacement load in the-y direction is applied to the node, and the load capacity is increased from 0 until the Q345 steel of the tower main material rod piece fails. It was found during the calculation that the first crosswall cross-sectional material would yield first and the column leg main section 1633 unit associated with the crosswall would fail. The equivalent stress of the cell 1505 and the cell 1633 of the cross sectional auxiliary material with respect to the amount of settlement is shown in FIG. 2.
As can be seen from fig. 3, when the rod stress has not reached the limit value, the rod stress increases linearly with the increase of the settlement amount (when the stress changes, all refer to absolute values), when the settlement amount reaches 29mm, the first cross sectional material reaches the stress limit value, and the stress ratio of the tower leg main material is 0.44, which indicates that the tower main material has a larger bearing threshold at this time, and until the settlement amount increases to 76mm, the stress ratio of the tower leg main material exceeds the limit.
It can be seen from the stress variation curve of the rod, when the stress of the rod exceeds the limit value, the stress increases smoothly, which indicates that the rod loses its bearing capacity after failing, and conforms to the theoretical situation.
Case 2: and applying displacement loads in the vertical direction to the 2# tower footing and the 4# tower footing of a certain tower, and releasing the ROTATIONAL DOF of the ROTATIONAL ROTZ in the calculation process. When the foundation is inclined, the rod pieces with larger stress are concentrated on the auxiliary materials of the transverse diaphragm surfaces and the auxiliary materials and the inclined materials at the tower legs along with the increase of the inclination amount, the stress of the tower materials above the transverse diaphragm surfaces is smaller, and a stress distribution cloud chart at the tower legs is shown in fig. 4. When the foundation is inclined, when the settlement amount reaches 41mm, the 2# tower leg auxiliary material rod piece fails, and when the settlement amount is increased to 152mm, the 4# tower leg main material connected with the diaphragm surface fails first.
Case 3: selecting 3# and 4# foundations for displacement along the Z direction on a certain tower; when the tower footing sideslips along the transverse line direction, the tower footing 2# and the tower footing 4# are selected to displace along the X direction. When the tower footing sideslips in the transverse line direction and the forward line direction, the influence on the 2# tower leg diagonal bar members is large, the No. 2 tower leg bottom 1752 units, the No. 1753 units, the No. 1766 units and the No. 1767 units yield first in the process of increasing the slippage, and the positions of the bar members are shown in FIG. 5. Wherein, the transverse slippage has great influence on the internal force of the tower material, and when the slippage reaches 300mm, the stress ratio of No. 1752 unit is out of limit; and for forward slippage, the slippage is increased to 330mm, and the tower rod begins to yield and fail.
The method disclosed by the invention is used for exploring adverse geological effects and geological disasters such as earthquakes, landslide debris flows, lava collapse and collapse which occur in site history, deeply knowing site geological characteristics, providing a method for evaluating the stability of the transmission tower under the geological disaster condition, and providing necessary criteria for evaluating the stability of the transmission tower. The method is suitable for evaluating the structural stability of the transmission tower which runs for a long time in a complex geological environment.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the present embodiment provides a system for evaluating stability of a transmission tower under a geological disaster condition, where the system supports the method for evaluating stability of a transmission tower under a geological disaster condition described in embodiment 1, and the system includes:
the system comprises an acquisition unit, a processing unit and a processing unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring an influence factor set of a transmission tower and reducing the influence factor set of the transmission tower;
the analysis unit is used for constructing a local linear relation between the actual strength degradation rate of the tower material and the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower according to the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower, and calculating the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material of the tower by using the local linear relation; and carrying out danger grade division on the transmission tower according to the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material of the tower;
the processing unit is used for detecting the stress borne by the test rod piece by using a stress meter and calculating the equivalent stress of the rod piece; according to the equivalent stress of the rod piece, introducing each reduction coefficient to correct the judgment method of the rod piece failure, and obtaining a formula for judging the rod piece failure; and using the formula for judging the failure of the rod piece and the danger level of the transmission tower to evaluate the stability of the rod piece;
and the output unit outputs the rod stability evaluation result.
In this embodiment, the obtaining unit obtains an influence factor set of the transmission tower, where the influence factor set of the transmission tower includes three categories, namely meteorological area conditions, sub-strength damage, wire stress, and mechanical vibration; the influence factor set of the three types of transmission towers is expressed as U ═ U1，U2，U3}. Wherein: u shape1＝{u11，u12，u13，u14，u15}，u11Is the wind speed (maximum wind), u12Is the atmospheric temperature (lowest temperature), u13Is the average annual temperature u14Thickness of ice coating (thickest ice coating), u15The number of days of thunderstorm year. U shape2＝{u21，u22，u23，u24，u25，u26}，u21For run time, u22For number of times of bending repair, U23Number of times of fracture repair, u24Number of lightning or fault current damages u25For the number of repeated ice fatigue times, u26Mean operating stress/maximum operating stress. U shape3＝{u31，u32，u33，u34}，u31Number of split of conductor, u32Is the wind direction and line angle u33Is the roughness of the ground surface u34The corrosion amount of the steel is calculated. And (3) carrying out index set reduction by using the rough set to obtain the final index as follows: u ═ U1，U2，U3In which U is1＝{u11，u12，u14}，U2＝{u21，u22，u23，u24，u25}，U3＝{u31，u32，u33，u34}。
In this embodiment, the local linear relationship between the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material constructed in the analysis unit and the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower is as follows:
η＝fθ(U)＝UTθ
wherein: theta represents a weight value of the influence factor set of the transmission tower, U is the influence factor set of the transmission tower after reduction, and T represents transposition; since the current and data are at different operating points, the data density corresponding to the current operating point u (t) may be different, and the number of data used for modeling is also variable, namely: the modeling neighborhood value is variable, and in order to obtain the optimal factor set weight vector theta and reduce the calculation amount, the variation range K belonging to the neighborhood can be preset [ K ]m，KM](Km＜KM) In calculating the weight vector theta of the factor set of the neighbor k +1k+1Then, directly using the weight vector theta of the factor set adjacent to kkFirst, an error function is given:
by adopting a gradient descent method, the weight vector of the influence factor set of the transmission tower is obtained by calculation as follows:
obtaining a model theta of a series of neighbor k +1k+1Meanwhile, a de-crossing error value of the neighboring k +1 can be obtained:
in the formula:
representing a model obtained by removing the jth data in the k +1 group of data;
representing the actual tower material strength degradation rate eta (j) and a model
The error between the obtained predicted values;
thus, a de-cross error set of the neighbor k +1 can be obtained
k+1≤kMMean square sum of these
Obtaining:
in the formula: weighting factor
Directly reflecting the de-cross error pair E of each U (j)loo(k +1) "contribution" size; at this time, if Eloo(k+1)＞Eloo(k)，k+1∈[Km，KM]If the model is considered to be 'poor', the regression calculation is stopped, and the model theta is usedkAs the best model of the current system; otherwise, selecting new information vector from the learning set according to the model obtained by the gradient descent method, and continuing iteration until k is kmUntil the end; therefore, the quality of the local model can be judged by a mechanism, and the optimal local linear model theta which accords with the relationship between the influence factor and the degradation rate at the current moment is obtainedk(ii) a Therefore, the local linear model can be used for calculating the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material;
the iteration continues until k equals kmUntil the end; therefore, the quality of the local model can be judged by a mechanism, and the optimal local linear model which accords with the relationship between the influence factors and the degradation rate at the current moment is obtained; the local linear model can be used for calculating the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material.
In this embodiment, the risk levels in the analysis unit are divided by the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower, and include five levels, I, II, III, IV, and V, where the level I indicates that the actual strength of the tower is influenced a little, the level II indicates that the actual strength of the tower is influenced a little, the level III indicates that the actual strength of the tower is influenced a medium, the level IV indicates that the actual strength of the tower is influenced a large, and the level V indicates that the actual strength of the tower is influenced a large.
In this embodiment, the processing unit uses a stress meter to detect the stress applied to the test rod, and calculates the equivalent stress of the rod; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
fixing the stress sheet on the rod piece, and detecting the stress borne by the rod piece through a stress meter after the stress sheet deforms;
testing equivalent stress of the rod piece: in engineering, a fourth strength theory is often used to describe the failure rule, that is, for a rod under a complex stress state, when the distortion energy density of the rod reaches the distortion energy density of the material during unidirectional stretching yield, the rod is subjected to yield failure, the strength theory is also called as Von Mises criterion, the equivalent stress of the rod is calculated by adopting the strength theory, and the corresponding strength judgment calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula sigmaeqVon Mises equivalent stress in MPa; sigma1、σ2、σ3Respectively a first main stress, a second main stress and a third main stress, wherein the unit is MPa; [ sigma ]]Is the allowable stress of the material and has the unit of MPa.
In this embodiment, the processing unit introduces each reduction coefficient to correct the judgment method of the failure of the rod piece according to the equivalent stress of the rod piece, so as to obtain a formula for judging the failure of the rod piece; the formula for judging the failure of the rod piece is as follows:
wherein sigma is the yield strength of the angle steel;
is a stability factor; m isNIs an area reduction factor; k is a width-thickness ratio reduction coefficient considering the utilization of the strength of the rod after buckling;
mNand k can be obtained by table look-up calculation in the procedure according to the angle steels with different section sizes used on the tower.
The invention provides a system for evaluating the stability of a transmission tower under a geological disaster condition, which can provide necessary criteria for evaluating the stability of the transmission tower; the method is suitable for evaluating the structural stability of the transmission tower which runs for a long time in a complex geological environment.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the present embodiment provides an apparatus including:
one or more processors;
a memory for storing one or more programs,
when executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs cause the one or more processors to perform the method of evaluating the stability of a power transmission tower under geological disaster conditions as described in example 1.
The method for evaluating the stability of the transmission tower under the geological disaster condition is implemented according to the steps of the method in the embodiment 1. And will not be described in detail herein.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for evaluating the stability of a power transmission tower under a geological disaster condition as described in embodiment 1.
The method for evaluating the stability of the transmission tower under the geological disaster condition is implemented according to the steps of the method in the embodiment 1. And will not be described in detail herein.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for evaluating stability of a transmission tower under geological disaster conditions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: acquiring an influence factor set of a transmission tower, and reducing the influence factor set of the transmission tower;
step 2: according to the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower, constructing a local linear relation between the actual strength degradation rate of the tower material and the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower, and calculating the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material by using the local linear relation;
and step 3: according to the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material of the tower, the danger grades of the transmission towers are classified;
and 4, step 4: detecting the stress borne by the test rod piece by using a stress meter, and calculating the equivalent stress of the rod piece;
and 5: according to the equivalent stress of the rod piece, introducing each reduction coefficient to correct the judgment method of the rod piece failure, and obtaining a formula for judging the rod piece failure;
step 6: and using the formula for judging the failure of the rod piece and the danger level of the transmission tower to evaluate the stability of the rod piece: sigma of the rodeqWith bearing taking into account respective reduction factorsThe absolute value of the stress ratio is the stress ratio γ, i.e.:
when gamma is less than 1, the stress on the rod piece is not exceeded; when gamma is 1, the rod is in a critical failure state; when gamma is more than 1, it shows that the equivalent stress of the rod exceeds the allowable stress value, the rod has failed, and the larger gamma is, the more serious the rod is damaged.
2. The method for evaluating the stability of the transmission tower under the geological disaster condition according to claim 1, wherein an influence factor set of the transmission tower is obtained in step 1, and the influence factor set of the transmission tower comprises three categories of meteorological area conditions, sub-strength damage, wire stress and mechanical vibration; and reducing the influence factor set of the transmission tower by adopting a fuzzy set method.
3. The method for evaluating the stability of the transmission tower under the geological disaster condition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the local linear relationship between the degradation rate of the actual strength of the constructed tower material and the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower in the step 2 is as follows:
η＝fθ(U)＝UTθ
wherein: theta represents a weight value of the influence factor set of the transmission tower, U is the influence factor set of the transmission tower after reduction, and T represents transposition; presetting the variation range K of the neighborhood as the element of [ K ∈ ]m，KM](Km＜KM) In calculating the weight vector theta of the factor set of the neighbor k +1k+1Then, directly using the weight vector theta of the factor set adjacent to kkFirst, an error function is given:
by adopting a gradient descent method, the weight vector of the influence factor set of the transmission tower is obtained by calculation as follows:
obtaining a model theta of a series of neighbor k +1k+1And simultaneously obtaining a de-crossing error value of the adjacent k + 1:
in the formula:
representing a model obtained by removing the jth data in the k +1 group of data;
representing the actual tower material strength degradation rate eta (j) and a model
The error between the obtained predicted values;
thereby obtaining a de-cross error set of the k +1 neighbor
k+1≤kMMean square sum of these
Obtaining:
in the formula: weighting factor
Directly reflecting the de-cross error pair E of each U (j)loo(k +1) "contribution" size; at this time, if Eloo(k+1)＞Eloo(k)，k+1∈[Km，KM]If the model is considered to be 'poor', the regression calculation is stopped, and the model theta is usedkAs the best model of the current system; otherwise, selecting new information vector from the learning set according to the model obtained by the gradient descent method, and continuing iteration until k is kmUntil the end; thus, the optimal local linear model theta which accords with the relationship between the influence factors and the degradation rate at the current moment is obtainedk(ii) a Then, the local linear model is used for calculating the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material;
the iteration continues until k equals kmUntil the end; thus obtaining an optimal local linear model which accords with the relationship between the influence factors and the degradation rate at the current moment; the local linear model is then used for calculating the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material.
4. The method for evaluating the stability of the transmission tower under the geological disaster condition according to claim 1, wherein the risk levels in the step 3 comprise five levels of I, II, III, IV and V, wherein the level I shows that the influence on the actual strength of the tower is small, the level II shows that the influence on the actual strength of the tower is small, the level III shows that the influence on the actual strength of the tower is medium, the level IV shows that the influence on the actual strength of the tower is large, and the level V shows that the influence on the actual strength of the tower is large.
5. The method for evaluating the stability of the transmission tower under the geological disaster condition according to claim 1, wherein in step 4, a stress instrument is used for detecting the stress applied to the test rod piece, and the equivalent stress of the rod piece is calculated; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s41: fixing the stress sheet on the rod piece, and detecting the stress borne by the rod piece through a stress meter after the stress sheet deforms;
s42: calculating the equivalent stress of the rod piece by adopting an intensity theory, wherein the corresponding intensity judgment calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula sigmaeqVon Mises equivalent stress in MPa; sigma1、σ2、σ3Respectively a first main stress, a second main stress and a third main stress, wherein the unit is MPa; [ sigma ]]Is the allowable stress of the material and has the unit of MPa.
6. The method for evaluating the stability of the transmission tower under the geological disaster condition according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, according to the equivalent stress of the rod piece, each reduction coefficient is introduced to correct the judgment method of the failure of the rod piece, so as to obtain a formula for judging the failure of the rod piece; the formula for judging the failure of the rod piece is as follows:
wherein sigma is the yield strength of the angle steel;
is a stability factor; m isNIs an area reduction factor; k is a width-thickness ratio reduction coefficient considering the utilization of the strength of the rod after buckling;
mNand k is obtained by table look-up calculation in the procedure according to the angle steels with different section sizes used on the tower.
7. A system for evaluating stability of a power transmission tower under a geological disaster condition, which supports a method for evaluating stability of a power transmission tower under a geological disaster condition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and which comprises:
the system comprises an acquisition unit, a processing unit and a processing unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring an influence factor set of a transmission tower and reducing the influence factor set of the transmission tower;
the analysis unit is used for constructing a local linear relation between the actual strength degradation rate of the tower material and the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower according to the reduced influence factor set of the transmission tower, and calculating the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material of the tower by using the local linear relation; and carrying out danger grade division on the transmission tower according to the degradation rate of the actual strength of the tower material of the tower;
the processing unit is used for detecting the stress borne by the test rod piece by using a stress meter and calculating the equivalent stress of the rod piece; according to the equivalent stress of the rod piece, introducing each reduction coefficient to correct the judgment method of the rod piece failure, and obtaining a formula for judging the rod piece failure; and using the formula for judging the failure of the rod piece and the danger level of the transmission tower to evaluate the stability of the rod piece;
and the output unit outputs the rod stability evaluation result.
8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the acquiring unit acquires a set of influence factors of the transmission tower, wherein the set of influence factors of the transmission tower includes three categories, namely meteorological area conditions, sub-intensity damage, wire stress and mechanical vibration; and reducing the influence factor set of the transmission tower by adopting a fuzzy set method.
9. An apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:
one or more processors;
a memory for storing one or more programs,
the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform a method for tower stability evaluation under geological disaster conditions as recited in any of claims 1-6.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which program, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to carry out a method for assessing the stability of a transmission tower in a geological disaster condition as claimed in any one of claims 1-6.
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