CN113155692A - Atmosphere comprehensive detection system and method based on continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum - Google Patents
Atmosphere comprehensive detection system and method based on continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An atmosphere comprehensive detection system based on continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum, comprising: the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem is used for acquiring a sunlight small-angle scattering spectrum; the macroscopic detection subsystem is used for acquiring a direct sunlight spectrum; the direction control subsystem is connected with the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem and is used for controlling the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem to face the sun; and the detection host is connected with the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem and is used for obtaining an aerosol particle spectrum according to the sunlight small-angle scattering spectrum and obtaining atmospheric gas components according to the sunlight direct radiation spectrum. The invention provides an atmosphere comprehensive detection system and a detection method, which can realize comprehensive automatic detection of aerosol, thin cloud and atmospheric components.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of atmospheric detection, in particular to an atmospheric comprehensive detection system and method based on continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum.
Background
The atmosphere refers to air surrounding the earth, and the atmosphere has complex components, and besides high content of nitrogen and oxygen, the atmosphere also contains a large amount of aerosols and other gases, and the aerosols and other gases have great influence on weather, climate forecast, global water circulation, human health, the earth environment and the like, so the components of the atmosphere need to be detected to better protect the earth environment and human health.
Aerosol refers to a gaseous dispersion of solid or liquid particles suspended in a gaseous medium. The commonly used PM2.5 and PM10 in environmental monitoring is an indication of aerosol concentration in the atmosphere, PM2.5 indicates aerosol particles having an aerosol particle diameter of less than 2.5 microns, and PM10 indicates aerosol particles having an aerosol particle diameter of less than 10 microns. In the prior art, the method of gamma ray or oscillating balance is mostly adopted to detect the aerosol in the atmosphere, and both methods are weight-based measuring methods and can only give out the total amount of the aerosol with the diameter less than 2.5 microns or less than 10 microns. The number of aerosol particles with different particle diameters, namely the distribution form of an aerosol particle spectrum, cannot be distinguished, and the aerosol particle spectrum and the optical characteristics thereof are important parameters for describing physical and radiation characteristics of the aerosol and are also important input parameters in an environment prediction model, so that the real condition of the aerosol cannot be well detected by adopting a gamma ray method or a vibration balance method.
In order to overcome the disadvantages of the gamma ray method or the vibration balance method, some aerosol particle spectrum measuring methods are developed in the prior art, and these methods can be roughly divided into two types, the first type is an optical method, which measures the intensity estimation of laser light at different angles by introducing air flow into a laser cavity, and the second type is a kinetic method, which measures by introducing air flow into a group of filter membranes with different aperture sizes. These measurement methods can only obtain the aerosol particle spectrum at the measurement location, and the spatial representativeness is poor and at the same time the cost is high. In fact, the distribution of the scattering of sunlight by aerosol particles in different directions is related to the size of the aerosol particles and the measurement wavelength, so that the particle spectrum of the aerosol can be detected by acquiring a small-angle scattering spectrum close to the sun direction by utilizing the characteristic. At present, sunlight detection equipment such as a sunlight photometer can only realize direct sunlight or measurement at a certain angle, the field angle of the instrument is fixed, the instrument cannot be changed according to requirements, the measurement at different angles can only be realized in a scanning mode, and the small-angle scattering measurement required by aerosol spectrum measurement cannot be realized.
In addition, various existing detection devices can only detect single components of the atmosphere, and if the atmosphere is required to be comprehensively detected, various different devices are required to be used simultaneously, so that the detection efficiency is low, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the atmosphere comprehensive detection system and method based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum, which can realize the comprehensive automatic detection of the atmosphere, thereby simplifying the detection process and reducing the detection cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the specific scheme that: an atmosphere comprehensive detection system based on continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum, comprising: the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem is used for acquiring a sunlight small-angle scattering spectrum; the macroscopic detection subsystem is used for acquiring a direct sunlight spectrum; the direction control subsystem is connected with the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem and is used for controlling the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem to face the sun; and the detection host is connected with the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem and is used for obtaining an aerosol particle spectrum according to the sunlight small-angle scattering spectrum and obtaining atmospheric gas components according to the sunlight direct radiation spectrum.
As a further optimization of the atmosphere comprehensive detection system based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum: the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem comprises a small-angle scattering preposed optical telescope, the small-angle scattering preposed optical telescope comprises a first depth cut-off filter, an adjustable aperture, a first cemented lens, a first field diaphragm and a first reflector which are sequentially arranged, a first spectrometer is arranged in the emergent direction of the first reflector, and the first spectrometer is electrically connected with the detection host.
As a further optimization of the atmosphere comprehensive detection system based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum: the first beam splitter is arranged in the emergent direction of the first reflector, the first spectrometer is arranged in one emergent direction of the first beam splitter, and a first monitoring camera is arranged in the other emergent direction of the first beam splitter.
As a further optimization of the atmosphere comprehensive detection system based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum: the macroscopic detection subsystem comprises a solar optical telescope, the solar optical telescope comprises a second depth cut-off filter, a second cemented lens, a second field diaphragm and a second reflecting mirror which are sequentially arranged, a second spectrometer is arranged in the emergent direction of the second reflecting mirror, and the second spectrometer is electrically connected with the detection host.
As a further optimization of the atmosphere comprehensive detection system based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum: and a second beam splitter is arranged in the emergent direction of the second reflecting mirror, the second spectrometer is arranged in one emergent direction of the second beam splitter, and a second monitoring camera is arranged in the other emergent direction of the second beam splitter.
As a further optimization of the atmosphere comprehensive detection system based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum: the direction control subsystem comprises an environment sensing module and an action executing mechanism, the environment sensing module comprises a position sensing unit and a meteorological sensing unit, the position sensing unit and the meteorological sensing unit are electrically connected with the detection host, and the action executing mechanism is connected with the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem.
As a further optimization of the atmosphere comprehensive detection system based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum: the position sensing unit comprises a GPS submodule, and the weather sensing unit comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor and a rain sensor.
As a further optimization of the atmosphere comprehensive detection system based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum: the action executing mechanism comprises a first pitching driving device and a second pitching driving device, the first pitching driving device is in driving connection with a first hollow pitching rotating shaft, the first hollow pitching rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem, the second pitching driving device is in driving connection with a second hollow pitching rotating shaft, and the second hollow pitching rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the aerosol macroscopic detection system.
As a further optimization of the atmosphere comprehensive detection system based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum: the action executing mechanism comprises a supporting base, an orientation driving device is fixedly arranged on the supporting base, and the orientation driving device is in driving connection with the first pitching driving device and the second pitching driving device.
The atmosphere comprehensive detection method based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum comprises the following steps of:
s1, adjusting the directions of the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem by using the direction control subsystem, so that the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem face the sun;
s2, acquiring the sunlight small-angle scattering spectrum by using an aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem, and acquiring the sunlight direct spectrum by using a macroscopic detection subsystem;
and S3, obtaining the aerosol particle spectrum by the detection host according to the sunlight small-angle scattering spectrum, and obtaining the atmospheric gas component according to the sunlight direct spectrum.
Has the advantages that: the method can obtain the adjacent sun small-angle scattering spectrum with adjustable step length within the range of 0.9-5 degrees in real time, so that the aerosol particle spectrum is accurately obtained; the invention can also realize the inversion of atmospheric gas components such as water vapor content, ozone and other components; the invention has the functions of sun accurate tracking and rain sensing, thereby realizing automatic observation without manual participation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of the detection system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a small-angle scattering front-mounted optical telescope;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the solar optical telescope.
Description of the drawings: 1-a small-angle scattering preposed optical telescope, 2-a first hollow pitching rotating shaft, 3-a first pitching driving device, 4-a first monitoring camera, 5-a first beam splitter, 6-a first spectrometer, 7-an installation supporting platform, 8-a second spectrometer, 9-a solar optical telescope, 10-a second beam splitter, 11-a second pitching driving device, 12-a packaging box, 13-a second hollow pitching rotating shaft, 14-a second monitoring camera, 15-an azimuth driving device, a 16-line connector, 17-a supporting base, 18-an environment sensing module, 19-a data acquisition module, 20-a detection host, 21-a first window sheet, 22-a first depth cut-off filter, 23-an adjustable aperture and 24-a first cemented lens, 25-adjustable aperture driving device, 26-first field diaphragm, 27-first reflector, 28-reflector bracket, 29-lens cone, 30-second window sheet, 31-second depth cut-off filter, 32-second cemented lens, 33-second field diaphragm and 34-second reflector.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the atmosphere comprehensive detection system based on continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum includes an aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem, a macro detection subsystem, a direction control subsystem and a detection host 20.
And the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem is used for acquiring the small-angle scattering spectrum of the sunlight.
And the macroscopic detection subsystem is used for acquiring a direct sunlight spectrum.
And the direction control subsystem is connected with the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macroscopic detection subsystem and is used for controlling the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macroscopic detection subsystem to face the sun.
And the detection host machine 20 is connected with the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem and is used for obtaining an aerosol particle spectrum according to the sunlight small-angle scattering spectrum and obtaining atmospheric gas components according to the sunlight direct spectrum.
During detection, the direction control subsystem is used for controlling the directions of the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem to enable the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem to point to the sun, then the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem is used for obtaining a sunlight small-angle scattering spectrum, the macro detection subsystem is used for obtaining a sunlight direct spectrum, then the detection host 20 obtains an aerosol particle spectrum according to the sunlight small-angle scattering spectrum, and atmospheric gas components are obtained according to the sunlight direct spectrum, so that the comprehensive detection of the atmosphere is realized.
The specific structure of the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem is as follows: the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem comprises a small-angle scattering preposed optical telescope 1, the small-angle scattering preposed optical telescope 1 comprises a first depth cut-off filter 22, an adjustable aperture 23, a first cemented lens 24, a first field diaphragm 26 and a first reflector 27 which are sequentially arranged, a first spectrometer 6 is arranged in the emergent direction of the first reflector 27, and the first spectrometer 6 is electrically connected with a detection host 20. The first depth cut filter 22 is used to select a measurable spectral range, the adjustable aperture 23 is used to control the amount of incoming light, the adjustable aperture 23 is connected to an adjustable aperture driving device 25, the first cemented lens 24 is used to eliminate chromatic aberration, the first field stop 26 is used to control the field angle, and the first mirror 27 is used to change the optical path so that light enters the first spectrometer 6. By controlling the first field diaphragm 26, a large-range and step-length-adjustable solar small-angle scattering spectrum can be obtained, and an aerosol particle spectrum can be obtained by changing the solar small-angle scattering spectrum along with the scattering angle. In order to protect the small-angle scattering preposed optical telescope 1, a first window piece 21 is arranged at the incident end of the small-angle scattering preposed optical telescope 1, and the first window piece 21 is detachably connected with a shielding piece.
In order to accurately control the angle of view and thus improve the accuracy of the aerosol particle spectrum, the first beam splitter 5 is disposed in the exit direction of the first reflector 27, the first spectrometer 6 is disposed in one of the exit directions of the first beam splitter 5, and the first monitoring camera 4 is disposed in the other exit direction of the first beam splitter 5. Through first beam splitter 5, can be with the leading-in to first monitoring camera 4 of the light that first speculum 27 reflects, and then carry out accurate calculation to the field angle through first monitoring camera 4 to keep the precision of field angle in whole detection process, finally realize promoting the effect of aerosol particle spectrum precision.
The macro detection subsystem has the specific structure as follows: the macroscopic detection subsystem comprises a solar optical telescope 9, the solar optical telescope 9 comprises a second depth cut-off filter 31, a second cemented lens 32, a second field diaphragm 33 and a second reflecting mirror 34 which are sequentially arranged, a second spectrometer 8 is arranged in the emergent direction of the second reflecting mirror 34, and the second spectrometer 8 is electrically connected with the detection host 20. A second depth cut filter 31 has a function of selecting a measurable spectral range, a second cemented lens 32 for eliminating chromatic aberration, a second field stop 33 for controlling the field angle, and a second mirror 34 for changing the optical path of the light rays into the second spectrometer 8. In order to protect the solar optical telescope 9, a second window sheet 30 is arranged at the incident end of the solar optical telescope 9, and a shielding sheet is detachably connected to the second window sheet 30.
In order to accurately monitor the angle of view control result of the second time length optical cable 33, the second beam splitter 10 is arranged in the exit direction of the second reflecting mirror 34, the second spectrometer 8 is arranged in one of the exit directions of the second beam splitter 10, and the second monitoring camera 14 is arranged in the other exit direction of the second beam splitter 10. The second beam splitter 10 can guide the light reflected by the second reflecting mirror 34 into the second monitoring camera 14, and the second monitoring camera 14 can precisely control the viewing angle, so as to finally improve the accuracy of the atmospheric gas component.
Furthermore, the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem both comprise a lens barrel 29 for accommodating each optical device, a reflector 28 support is fixedly arranged in the lens barrel 29, the first reflector 27 or the second reflector 34 is arranged on the reflector support 28, the angle of the first reflector 27 or the second reflector 34 can be adjusted through the reflector support 28 so as to meet the detection requirement, and the reflector support 28 can comprise a connecting rod fixedly connected with the inner wall of the lens barrel 29 and a supporting rod rotatably connected with the connecting rod, and the supporting rod is used for being connected with the reflector.
The specific structure of the direction control subsystem is as follows: the direction control subsystem comprises an environment sensing module 18 and an action executing mechanism, the environment sensing module 18 comprises a position sensing unit and a meteorological sensing unit, the position sensing unit and the meteorological sensing unit are electrically connected with the detection host machine 20, and the action executing mechanism is connected with the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macroscopic detection subsystem. Whether meteorological induction unit is used for responding to the current environment and suitably surveys, just surveys the process when the environment is suitable, and the environment is unsuitable stops surveying in order to protect the system, and position induction unit is used for the induction system position to make detection host 20 can judge current sun position according to positional information, and then control the direction of subsystem is surveyed to aerosol particle spectrum and macroscopic detection subsystem through action actuating mechanism.
The specific structure of the environment sensing module 18 is as follows: the position sensing unit comprises a GPS submodule, and the weather sensing unit comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor and a rain sensor. The weather sensing unit can judge whether the weather is rainy or not, if the weather is not rainy, the GPS submodule collects the current position information and time of the system, the detection host 20 obtains the sun position information according to the position information and the time, and then the action executing mechanism is controlled according to the sun position information to control the directions of the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem. If the current weather is rainy, the detection host 20 controls the action executing mechanism to withdraw the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem so as to protect the small-angle scattering preposed optical telescope 1 and the solar optical telescope 9 from being damaged by rainwater erosion.
The specific structure of the action executing mechanism is as follows: the action executing mechanism comprises a first pitching driving device 3 and a second pitching driving device 11, the first pitching driving device 3 is connected with a first hollow pitching rotating shaft 2 in a driving mode, the first hollow pitching rotating shaft 2 is fixedly connected with the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem, the second pitching driving device 11 is connected with a second hollow pitching rotating shaft 13 in a driving mode, and the second hollow pitching rotating shaft 13 is fixedly connected with the aerosol macroscopic detection system. The first pitching driving device 3 and the second pitching driving device 11 respectively control the angles of the first hollow pitching rotating shaft 2 and the second hollow pitching rotating shaft 13, and further realize the adjustment of the angles of the small-angle scattering front-mounted optical telescope 1 and the solar optical telescope 9. Both the first pitch drive 3 and the second pitch drive 11 may be provided as motors. The first hollow pitch rotating shaft 2 and the second hollow pitch rotating shaft 13 are provided as hollow structures, and the weight can be reduced, thereby reducing the load on the first pitch driving device 3 and the second pitch driving device 11.
In order to ensure that the small-angle scattering preposed optical telescope 1 and the solar optical telescope 9 can accurately point to the sun, the action executing mechanism comprises a supporting base 17, an azimuth driving device 15 is fixedly arranged on the supporting base 17, and the azimuth driving device 15 is in driving connection with the first pitching driving device 3 and the second pitching driving device 11. The azimuth driving device 15 is used for adjusting azimuth angles of the small-angle scattering front-mounted optical telescope 1 and the solar optical telescope 9, and can adjust pitch angles of the small-angle scattering front-mounted optical telescope 1 and the solar optical telescope 9 by matching with the first pitch driving device 3 and the second pitch driving device 11, and the small-angle scattering front-mounted optical telescope 1 and the solar optical telescope 9 can be ensured to accurately point to the sun through dual adjustment of the azimuth angles and the pitch angles. The azimuth drive device 15 may also be provided as a motor. The azimuth driving device 15 is in driving connection with an installation supporting platform 17, the installation supporting platform 17 is fixedly connected with an encapsulation box 12, the action executing mechanism is arranged in the encapsulation box 12, and the first hollow pitching rotating shaft 2 and the second hollow pitching rotating shaft 13 extend out of the encapsulation box 12, so that the action executing mechanism is protected by the encapsulation box 12, and the action executing mechanism is prevented from being damaged due to erosion of an external environment.
A wired connector 16 is arranged on the supporting base 17, the wired connector 16 is electrically connected with the first spectrometer 6, the second spectrometer 8, the first monitoring camera 4, the second monitoring camera 14, the first pitching driving device 3, the second pitching driving device 11 and the orientation driving device 15 through a data acquisition module 19, and when the device is used, the detection host 20 is connected with the wired connector 16. By providing the wire connection port 16, the detection host 20 can be a portable computer, thereby improving the flexibility of the system.
Three examples of the present invention are provided below.
In the first embodiment, the measurable spectral ranges of the first depth cut filter 22 and the second depth cut filter 31 are selected to be 340-1100 nm, the adjustable field angle of the first field stop 26 is 0.9-5 degrees, and the step size is 0.5 degrees. The detection of aerosol particle spectrum, optical thickness of aerogel and water vapor content can be realized.
In the second embodiment, the measurable spectral range of the first depth cut-off filter 22 is selected to be 340-1100 nm, the measurable spectral range of the second depth cut-off filter 31 is selected to be 280-450 nm, and the spectral resolution of the second spectrometer 8 is improved to 0.2nm, so that the atmospheric O can be extracted in addition to the aerosol particle spectrum detection3、NO2And SO2The contents of the components.
In the third embodiment, the measurable spectral range of the second depth cut filter 31 is 1100-1700 nm, and the spectral resolution of the second spectrometer 8 is increased to 0.5nm, so that the aerogel particle spectrum can be detected, and the atmospheric CO can be extracted2、CH4Column content.
The atmosphere comprehensive detection method based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum and the atmosphere comprehensive detection system based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum comprise S1-S3.
And S1, adjusting the directions of the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macroscopic detection subsystem by using the direction control subsystem, so that the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macroscopic detection subsystem face the sun.
And S2, acquiring a small-angle scattering spectrum of the sunlight by using the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem, and acquiring a direct sunlight spectrum by using the macroscopic detection subsystem.
S3, the detection host 20 obtains an aerosol particle spectrum according to the sunlight small-angle scattering spectrum, and obtains an atmospheric gas component according to the sunlight direct spectrum.
In summary, the present invention can simultaneously detect the aerosol and the gas component in the atmosphere, wherein the detection of the aerosol can obtain data such as aerosol particle spectrum and aerosol optical thickness, and the target for detecting the gas component comprises O3、NO2、SO2、CO2And CH4In addition, the invention also has the functions of sun accurate tracking and rainy day induction, thereby realizing automatic observation without manual participation and further reducing the complexity of the atmospheric detection process.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. Atmospheric comprehensive detection system based on continuous adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum, characterized by including:
the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem is used for acquiring a sunlight small-angle scattering spectrum;
the macroscopic detection subsystem is used for acquiring a direct sunlight spectrum;
the direction control subsystem is connected with the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem and is used for controlling the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem to face the sun;
and the detection host (20) is connected with the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem and is used for obtaining an aerosol particle spectrum according to the sunlight small-angle scattering spectrum and obtaining atmospheric gas components according to the sunlight direct spectrum.
2. The continuous adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum-based atmosphere comprehensive detection system according to claim 1, wherein the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem comprises a small-angle scattering pre-optical telescope (1), the small-angle scattering pre-optical telescope (1) comprises a first depth cut-off filter (22), an adjustable aperture (23), a first cemented lens (24), a first field diaphragm (26) and a first reflector (27) which are arranged in sequence, a first spectrometer (6) is arranged in the exit direction of the first reflector (27), and the first spectrometer (6) is electrically connected with the detection host (20).
3. The continuous adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum-based atmosphere integrated detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that the first reflector (27) is provided with a first beam splitter (5) in the outgoing direction, the first spectrometer (6) is provided in one of the outgoing directions of the first beam splitter (5), and the first monitoring camera (4) is provided in the other outgoing direction of the first beam splitter (5).
4. The atmosphere comprehensive detection system based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum as recited in claim 1, wherein the macroscopic detection subsystem comprises a solar optical telescope (9), the solar optical telescope (9) comprises a second depth cut-off filter (31), a second cemented lens (32), a second field stop (33) and a second reflecting mirror (34) which are arranged in sequence, a second spectrometer (8) is arranged in the exit direction of the second reflecting mirror (34), and the second spectrometer (8) is electrically connected with the detection host (20).
5. The continuous adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum-based atmosphere integrated detection system according to claim 4, wherein a second beam splitter (10) is arranged in the exit direction of the second reflector (34), the second spectrometer (8) is arranged in one of the exit directions of the second beam splitter (10), and a second monitoring camera (14) is arranged in the other exit direction of the second beam splitter (10).
6. The continuously tunable small-angle scattering spectroscopy-based atmosphere integrated detection system according to claim 1, wherein the direction control subsystem comprises an environment sensing module (18) and an action actuator, the environment sensing module (18) comprises a position sensing unit and a weather sensing unit, and the position sensing unit and the weather sensing unit are both electrically connected to the detection host (20), and the action actuator is connected to both the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem.
7. The continuous, tunable, small-angle scattering spectroscopy-based integrated atmospheric detection system of claim 6 wherein the location sensing unit comprises a GPS sub-module and the weather sensing unit comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, and a rain sensor.
8. The atmosphere comprehensive detection system based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum as recited in claim 6, wherein the action executing mechanism comprises a first pitch driving device (3) and a second pitch driving device (11), the first pitch driving device (3) is in driving connection with a first hollow pitch rotating shaft (2), the first hollow pitch rotating shaft (2) is fixedly connected with the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem, the second pitch driving device (11) is in driving connection with a second hollow pitch rotating shaft (13), and the second hollow pitch rotating shaft (13) is fixedly connected with the aerosol macro detection system.
9. The atmosphere comprehensive detection system based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum as recited in claim 8, wherein the action executing mechanism comprises a supporting base (17), an orientation driving device (15) is fixedly arranged on the supporting base (17), and the orientation driving device (15) is in driving connection with both the first pitching driving device (3) and the second pitching driving device (11).
10. The atmosphere comprehensive detection method based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum is based on the atmosphere comprehensive detection system based on the continuously adjustable small-angle scattering spectrum as claimed in claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, adjusting the directions of the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem by using the direction control subsystem, so that the aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem and the macro detection subsystem face the sun;
s2, acquiring the sunlight small-angle scattering spectrum by using an aerosol particle spectrum detection subsystem, and acquiring the sunlight direct spectrum by using a macroscopic detection subsystem;
s3, the detection host (20) obtains the aerosol particle spectrum according to the sunlight small-angle scattering spectrum, and obtains the atmospheric gas component according to the sunlight direct spectrum.
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