CN112834028A - Multi-angle broadband surface reflectivity measuring device and method - Google Patents
Multi-angle broadband surface reflectivity measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 33
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring earth surface reflectivity by multi-angle broadband. The invention comprises two measuring light paths, and the switching of the double light paths is realized by switching a lens and a light barrier inside a cosine corrector. The two measuring light paths designed by the invention adopt the same spectrum module, the time-sharing measurement of the brightness and the total illumination of the earth surface reflection radiation is realized, the errors caused by spectrum matching and module attenuation are avoided, the measuring precision of the earth surface reflectivity is improved, and meanwhile, the multi-angle rotation of the lens is realized through the application of the two-dimensional holder, and the multi-angle earth surface reflectivity is obtained. The invention provides a practical technical means for high-precision automatic measurement of the multi-angle earth surface reflectivity, and has important value in the field of satellite remote sensor on-orbit radiation calibration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical radiation measurement and remote sensing radiometric calibration, in particular to a device and a method for measuring the earth surface reflectivity of a multi-angle broadband.
Background
The bidirectional reflection is the basic physical characteristic of a natural object, and the reflection radiation characteristic can reflect the surface structure characteristics of the object, the composition material of the object and the like. Traditional single-direction remote sensing can only obtain one-direction projection of a ground target, and does not have enough information to infer main material spectrum and space structure of a single pixel of an object, so that quantitative remote sensing is very difficult. Compared with single-direction remote sensing, multi-angle earth observation can obtain richer target observation information by observing a ground fixed target in multiple directions, so that three-dimensional space structure parameters of the ground target are hopefully extracted, and the result is more detailed and reliable than single-direction observation.
The multi-angle surface reflectivity measurement is generally carried out by combining a hemispherical scanning mechanism and a radiance meter. The hemispherical scanning mechanism can scan in the range of zenith angle of-75 to +75 degrees and azimuth angle of 0 to 360 degrees. The measuring field of view of the radiance meter always faces to the center of sphere of the hemispherical scanning mechanism and is reliably fixed on the zenith moving platform to move along the zenith arc, so that the change of the zenith angle is realized, and the zenith arc moves along the azimuth yard track to realize the change of the azimuth angle. The measurement mode can realize the measurement of the earth surface reflectivity in a large angle range, but the measurement equipment is complex and the measurement time period is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to make up for the defects of the prior art and provides a device and a method for measuring the earth surface reflectivity of a multi-angle broadband.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a measuring device of multi-angle broadband earth's surface reflectivity, includes fixed bolster, multi-angle measuring lens subassembly, two-dimentional cloud platform one, two-dimentional cloud platform two, cosine corrector, multi-angle are in the light device, fiber bundle and spectral measurement module. The multi-angle measuring lens assembly, the two-dimensional first holder, the two-dimensional second holder, the cosine corrector, the multi-angle light blocking device and the spectrum measuring module are all arranged on the fixed support, the multi-angle measuring lens assembly is fixed at the lower end of the two-dimensional second holder, the output end of the lens is connected with the spectrum measuring module through an optical fiber bundle, and the multi-angle measuring lens assembly rotates along with the two-dimensional second holder to enable the lens assembly to form a certain angle with the earth surface to be measured, so that the earth surface reflection radiance under different reflection angles is measured; the multi-angle light blocking device is fixed with the first two-dimensional holder and rotates along with the first two-dimensional holder, the multi-angle light blocking device is used for blocking light at the light inlet of the cosine corrector, and when the multi-angle light blocking device is lifted to be on the same straight line with the light inlet of the sun and the cosine corrector, the sky diffuse irradiance is measured; when the multi-angle light blocking device is lowered to be at the same level with the light inlet of the cosine corrector, measuring the total irradiance; the output end of the cosine corrector is connected with the spectral measurement module through an optical fiber bundle; the spectrum measurement module is the core of the system, and realizes measurement and output of full-waveband-range hyperspectral data through a light-splitting detection element. The device can obtain the data of the earth surface reflection radiance, the total illumination and the sky diffusion illumination at different reflection angles, and the earth surface reflectivity at different reflection angles can be calculated according to a formula.
The optical fiber bundle comprises two input ends and a plurality of output ends, the two input ends are respectively connected with the output ends of the multi-angle measuring lens assembly and the cosine corrector, the output end of the optical fiber bundle is connected with the spectral measurement module, and the number of the output ends can be selected according to the requirements of the spectral measurement range.
The fixed bolster be the type of falling L, support and fixed for other components and parts provide. The vertical pole of fixed bolster is about 3 meters high, and the horizontal pole is long about 1.8 meters, and bolt fixed connection is passed through with ground in the bottom of fixed bolster, 1/2 and 3/4 position punishment at the vertical pole of fixed bolster do not are equipped with outside branch pole one and the branch pole two that upwards extend, spectral measurement module fixed mounting divide branch pole one on, multi-angle device and the cosine corrector that is in the light are installed on dividing branch pole two, and the horizontal pole afterbody of fixed bolster is buckled downwards and is extended, and at the tip installation two-dimensional cloud platform one of buckling downwards extension. In order to improve the reliability and stability of the fixed support, a reinforcing support rod is arranged between the horizontal rod and the vertical rod of the support.
The multi-angle measuring lens assembly is fixed on the two-dimensional pan-tilt head II and comprises a cylindrical shell, a focusing lens assembly, an optical fiber connector, a rotating light barrier, a stepping motor and the like. The optical fiber connector is positioned at the top of the cylindrical shell and is fixed through screws. The focusing lens assembly is positioned in the cylindrical shell and fixed through a pressing ring, and the rotating light barrier is positioned at the bottom of the cylindrical shell and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the stepping motor. When the motor drives the first light barrier to move out of the light path, the surface reflected light is focused to the incident end face of the optical fiber through the focusing lens group, and therefore the reflected radiance of the surface is measured.
The cosine corrector is an integrating sphere light equalizer, has better cosine characteristics, can carry out high-precision light equalization on incident light illumination, is matched with a multi-angle light blocking device, and can realize measurement of sky diffuse irradiance and total irradiance. The integrating sphere light homogenizer comprises a light inlet at the top and a light outlet at the side, and a quartz glass sphere cover is arranged outside the light inlet to prevent rainwater, dust and the like from entering. A second rotating light barrier is fixed at the position of the light inlet of the integrating sphere, and the second rotating light barrier is driven to rotate by a second stepping motor, so that the second rotating light barrier is switched in and out of a light path; and when the second rotating light barrier cuts out the light path, measuring the total illumination and the sky diffusion illumination. The light outlet of the integrating sphere is connected with one input end of the optical fiber bundle, in order to prevent direct sunlight from directly entering the light inlet of the optical fiber without being reflected by the integrating sphere, an inclined baffle is arranged at the position of the light outlet of the integrating sphere,
the multi-angle light blocking device realizes position change through the first two-dimensional holder. When the light blocking device is lifted to be in the same straight line with the sun and the light inlet of the integrating sphere, the diffuse irradiance is measured, and when the light blocking device is lowered to be in the same horizontal plane with the light inlet of the integrating sphere, the total irradiance is measured.
The method for measuring the earth surface reflectivity of the multi-angle broadband specifically comprises the following measuring steps:
(1) controlling a first rotating light barrier of the multi-angle measuring lens assembly to cut out a light path, and controlling a second rotating light barrier of an integrating sphere light inlet to cut in the light path;
(2) controlling a two-dimensional pan-tilt-zoom to drive the multi-angle measuring lens assembly to rotate, changing the position of the lens of the multi-angle measuring lens assembly, namely changing the zenith angle and the azimuth angle of the lens, focusing the earth surface reflected light to the optical fiber connector through the focusing lens group, and measuring the reflected radiance of the earth surface under different angles
；
(3) Controlling a first rotating light barrier of the multi-angle measuring lens assembly to cut into a light path, and controlling a second rotating light barrier of an integrating sphere light inlet to cut out the light path;
(4) controlling the first two-dimensional turntable to realize sun tracking, controlling the multi-angle light blocking device, and measuring the sky diffuse irradiance when the shading rod of the multi-angle light blocking device, the integrating sphere light inlet and the sun are on the same straight line
(ii) a When the light shading rod of the multi-angle light shading device and the light inlet of the integrating sphere are on the same horizontal plane, the total irradiance is measured
；
(5) The surface reflectance at different angles is expressed as
。
The variation range of the zenith angle of the two-dimensional turntable II is-75 degrees to +75 degrees, and the variation range of the azimuth angle is 0 degree to 360 degrees.
The invention comprises two measuring light paths, and the switching of the double light paths is realized by switching a lens and a light barrier inside a cosine corrector. When the light barrier in the lens is opened and the light barrier in the cosine corrector is closed, the reflection radiance of the earth surface is measured, the earth surface reflection light is focused to an incident end face of the corresponding optical fiber bundle through the lens and is transmitted to the spectrum measurement module for signal output. When the light barrier in the lens is closed and the light barrier in the cosine corrector is opened, the irradiance data is measured, and the measurement light path is matched with the multi-angle light barrier device, so that the measurement of the total illumination and the sky diffusion illumination can be realized. The two measuring light paths adopt the same spectrum measuring module, thereby avoiding spectrum matching and spectrum attenuation errors in the measuring process and improving the measuring precision.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention realizes the measurement of irradiance and radiance respectively by designing two light paths to work respectively and sharing one set of spectrum measurement module. The measurement method adopted by the invention reduces the spectrum matching problem in the prior earth surface reflectivity measurement process. According to the measurement formula, the measured surface reflectivity is only related to the ratio of the surface reflection brightness to the total irradiance, and the attenuation error of the module is reduced and the measurement precision is improved due to the fact that one set of spectrum measurement module is shared.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-angle measuring lens assembly according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cosine corrector according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a multi-angle broadband surface reflectivity measuring device includes a fixed support 1, a multi-angle measuring lens assembly 8, a two-dimensional first holder 4, a two-dimensional second holder 7, a cosine corrector 5, a multi-angle light blocking device 6, an optical fiber bundle 3 and a spectrum measuring module 2; the two-dimensional cradle head I4, the cosine corrector 5 and the multi-angle light blocking device 6 are fixed on an upward extending rod 1.2 of the fixed support, and the multi-angle measuring lens assembly 8 is fixed at the lower end of the two-dimensional cradle head II 7 and is fixed at the end part of a horizontal rod of the fixed support 1 as a whole. The output ends of the multi-angle measuring lens assembly 8 and the cosine corrector 5 are respectively connected with the input end of the spectrum measuring module 2 through the optical fiber bundle 3, and the multi-angle light blocking device 6 is used for blocking sunlight irradiating on the cosine corrector 5. The multi-angle measuring lens assembly 8 rotates along with the two-dimensional pan-tilt 7, so that the lens of the multi-angle measuring lens assembly 8 forms a certain angle with the earth surface to be measured, and the reflected radiance of the earth surface is measured, the multi-angle light blocking device 6 changes the two-dimensional coordinate thereof according to the feedback of the sun tracker, and when the multi-angle light blocking device 6 is lifted to be on the same straight line with the light inlet of the sun and the cosine corrector 5, the sky diffused irradiance is measured; when the multi-angle light blocking device 6 is lowered to be at the same horizontal plane with the light inlet of the cosine corrector 5, the total irradiance is measured. Through measurement, the earth surface radiance and total irradiance data are obtained, and earth surface reflectivity can be obtained through calculation according to a formula. The optical fiber bundle 3 comprises two input ends and a plurality of output ends, the two input ends are respectively connected with the output ends of the multi-angle measuring lens assembly 8 and the cosine corrector 5, the output end of the optical fiber bundle 3 is connected with the spectrum measuring module 2, and the number of the output ends can be selected according to the requirement of a spectrum measuring range.
The fixing support 1 is of an inverted L shape and is mainly used for supporting and fixing other components. The height of the vertical rod of the fixed support 1 is about 3 meters, the length of the horizontal rod is about 1.8 meters, the bottom of the fixed support 1 is fixedly connected with the ground through bolts, and a first branch rod 1.1 and a second branch rod 1.2 which extend outwards and upwards are respectively arranged at the 1/2 and 3/4 positions of the vertical rod of the fixed support 1. In order to improve the stability of the bracket, a reinforcing support rod 1.3 is connected between the horizontal rod and the vertical rod of the fixed bracket. The spectrum measurement module 2 is fixedly arranged on the branch rod I1.1, the two-dimensional rotary table I4, the multi-angle light blocking device 5 and the cosine corrector 6 are arranged on the branch rod II 1.2, the tail part of a horizontal rod of the fixed support 1 is bent downwards and extended, and the two-dimensional cloud deck II 7 is arranged at the end part of the downward bent and extended part. As shown in fig. 2, the multi-angle measuring lens assembly 8 includes a cylindrical housing 13, the top end of the cylindrical housing 13 is fixed to the two-dimensional pan/tilt head 7, an optical fiber connector 12 is arranged at the upper end of the cylindrical housing 13, a focusing lens assembly 11 is installed inside the cylindrical housing 13, a first rotating light barrier 10 is installed at the bottom end of the cylindrical housing 13, the first rotating light barrier 10 is driven to rotate by a first stepping motor 9, when the first rotating light barrier 10 moves out of a light path, surface reflected light is focused to the optical fiber connector 11 through the focusing lens assembly 11, and therefore reflected radiance of the surface of the earth is measured.
As shown in fig. 3, the cosine corrector 5 is an integrating sphere light equalizer, has a good cosine characteristic, can perform high-precision light equalization on the illumination of the incident light of the sun and the sky, and can realize the measurement of the diffuse sky irradiance and the total irradiance by matching with a multi-angle light blocking device. The integrating sphere light equalizer comprises a light inlet 19 at the top and a light outlet 14 at the side, wherein a quartz glass sphere cover 18 is arranged outside the light inlet 19 to prevent rainwater, dust and the like from entering. The light outlet 14 is connected with one input end of the optical fiber bundle 3, in order to prevent direct solar light from directly entering the optical fiber light inlet without being reflected by the integrating sphere, an inclined baffle 15 is arranged at the position of the light outlet of the integrating sphere, a second rotating light barrier 17 is arranged at the position of the light inlet 19 of the integrating sphere, and the second rotating light barrier 17 is driven to rotate by a second stepping motor 16, so that the second rotating light barrier 17 is cut into and cut out of a light path; when the second rotary light barrier 17 cuts out the light path, the measurement of the total illumination and the sky diffusion illumination is carried out.
The multi-angle light blocking device 5 rotates along with the two-dimensional rotary table II 4, mainly comprises two working states which are respectively as follows: firstly, a light blocking device, an integrating sphere light homogenizer light inlet and the sun are collinear, and the sky diffused irradiance is measured; secondly, the light blocking device is positioned below the light inlet of the integrating sphere light equalizer to measure the total irradiance;
as shown in fig. 4, a method for directly measuring the reflectivity of a multi-angle broadband earth surface is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) controlling a first rotating light barrier 10 of the multi-angle measuring lens assembly 8 to cut out a light path, and controlling a second rotating light barrier 17 of an integrating sphere light inlet to cut in the light path;
(2) controlling the two-dimensional pan-tilt 7 to drive the multi-angle measuring lens assembly 8 to rotate, changing the lens position of the multi-angle measuring lens assembly 8, namely changing the zenith angle and azimuth angle of the lens, focusing the surface reflected light to the optical fiber connector 12 through the focusing lens group 11, and measuring the reflected radiance of the surface under different angles
；
(3) Controlling a first rotating light barrier 10 of the multi-angle measuring lens assembly 8 to cut into a light path, and controlling a second rotating light barrier 17 of an integrating sphere light inlet to cut out the light path;
(4) controlling the two-dimensional turntable I4 to realize sun tracking, controlling the multi-angle light blocking device 6, and measuring the sky diffuse irradiance when the shading rod of the multi-angle light blocking device, the integrating sphere light inlet 19 and the sun are on the same straight line
(ii) a When the light shading rod of the multi-angle light shading device and the integrating sphere light inlet 19 are on the same horizontal plane, the total irradiance is measured
；
(5) The surface reflectance at different angles is expressed as
。
The variation range of the zenith angle is-75 degrees to +75 degrees, and the variation range of the azimuth angle is 0 degree to 360 degrees.
The spectral measurement device 2 adopts a modular design to realize the measurement of optical signals in a wide band range. The number of spectral measuring devices is determined according to the spectral range requirements of use.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a measuring device of multi-angle broadband earth's surface reflectivity which characterized in that: the system comprises a fixed support, a multi-angle measuring lens assembly, a two-dimensional first holder, a two-dimensional second holder, a cosine corrector, a multi-angle light blocking device, an optical fiber bundle and a spectrum measuring module; the multi-angle measuring lens assembly, the two-dimensional first holder, the two-dimensional second holder, the cosine corrector, the multi-angle light blocking device and the spectrum measuring module are all arranged on the fixed support, the multi-angle measuring lens assembly is fixed at the lower end of the two-dimensional second holder, the output end of the lens is connected with the spectrum measuring module through an optical fiber bundle, and the multi-angle measuring lens assembly rotates along with the two-dimensional second holder to enable the lens assembly to form a certain angle with the earth surface to be measured, so that the earth surface reflection radiance under different reflection angles is measured; the multi-angle light blocking device is fixed with the first two-dimensional holder and rotates along with the first two-dimensional holder, the multi-angle light blocking device is used for blocking light at the light inlet of the cosine corrector, and when the multi-angle light blocking device is lifted to be on the same straight line with the light inlet of the sun and the cosine corrector, the sky diffuse irradiance is measured; when the multi-angle light blocking device is lowered to be at the same level with the light inlet of the cosine corrector, measuring the total irradiance; and the output end of the cosine corrector is connected with the spectral measurement module through an optical fiber bundle.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the optical fiber bundle comprises two input ends and a plurality of output ends, the two input ends are respectively connected with the output ends of the multi-angle measuring lens assembly and the cosine corrector, the output end of the optical fiber bundle is connected with the spectral measurement module, the number of the optical fiber output ends is consistent with that of the spectral measurement module, and the optical fiber bundle is selected according to the required spectral band range.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the fixed bolster be the type of falling L, the bottom and the ground of fixed bolster pass through bolt fixed connection, be equipped with outside branch pole one and the branch pole two that upwards extend respectively in fixed bolster vertical rod 1/2 and 3/4 position punishment, spectral measurement module fixed mounting divide branch pole one on, multi-angle be in the light device, cosine corrector and two-dimensional cloud platform one install on dividing branch pole two, the horizontal pole afterbody of fixed bolster is buckled downwards and is extended, buckle downwards and extend the tip of extension two-dimensional cloud platform two and multi-angle measurement lens subassembly, set up the bracing piece between support horizontal pole and vertical rod.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the apparatus comprises: the multi-angle measuring lens component is fixed on the two-dimensional pan-tilt head II, the multi-angle measuring lens component comprises a cylindrical shell, a focusing lens component, an optical fiber connector, a rotating light barrier and a stepping motor I, wherein the optical fiber connector is located at the top of the cylindrical shell and is fixed through screws, the focusing lens component is located inside the cylindrical shell and is fixed through a pressing ring, the rotating light barrier is located at the bottom of the cylindrical shell and is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the stepping motor, the stepping motor drives the light barrier I to move out of a light path, earth surface reflected light is focused to an optical fiber incident end face through the focusing lens component, and therefore reflected radiance of the earth surface is measured.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the apparatus comprises: the cosine corrector is an integrating sphere light equalizer which comprises a light inlet at the top and a light outlet on the side, a quartz glass sphere cover is arranged outside the light inlet, a second rotating light barrier is arranged at the position of the light inlet of the integrating sphere, and the second rotating light barrier is driven to rotate by a second stepping motor to realize the cut-in and cut-out of a light path by the second light barrier; when the light path is cut out by rotating the light barrier II, the total illumination and the sky diffusion illumination are measured, an inclined baffle is arranged at the position of the light outlet of the integrating sphere, the light outlet of the integrating sphere light homogenizer is connected with one input end of the optical fiber bundle, and an incident light signal after being homogenized by the integrating sphere is transmitted to the light splitting unit module through the optical fiber.
6. A method for measuring the earth surface reflectivity of a multi-angle broadband is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following measuring steps:
(1) controlling a first rotating light barrier of the multi-angle measuring lens assembly to cut out a light path, and controlling a second rotating light barrier of an integrating sphere light inlet to cut in the light path;
(2) controlling a two-dimensional pan-tilt-zoom to drive the multi-angle measuring lens assembly to rotate, changing the position of the lens of the multi-angle measuring lens assembly, namely changing the zenith angle and the azimuth angle of the lens, focusing the earth surface reflected light to the optical fiber connector through the focusing lens group, and measuring the reflected radiance of the earth surface under different angles
；
(3) Controlling a first rotating light barrier of the multi-angle measuring lens assembly to cut into a light path, and controlling a second rotating light barrier of an integrating sphere light inlet to cut out the light path;
(4) controlling the first two-dimensional turntable to realize sun tracking, controlling the multi-angle light blocking device, and measuring the diffuse sky irradiance when the multi-angle light blocking device, the integrating sphere light inlet and the sun are on the same straight line
(ii) a When the multi-angle light blocking device and the light inlet of the integrating sphere are on the same horizontal plane, the total irradiance is measured
；
(5) The surface reflectance at different angles is expressed as
。
7. The method according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the variation range of the zenith angle of the two-dimensional turntable II is-75 degrees to +75 degrees, and the variation range of the azimuth angle is 0 degree to 360 degrees.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117091811A (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-11-21 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Automatic time-sharing measurement method and device for observing radiance of multiple targets in calibration field |
| CN117091811B (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2024-02-06 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Automatic time-sharing measurement method and device for observing radiance of multiple targets in calibration field |
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