CN113137217B - Multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system and starting method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system and starting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/2401—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection by means of electricity
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system and a starting method thereof. The multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system comprises at least two multi-element thermal fluid generators; the high salinity water inlet of each multi-element thermal fluid generator is communicated with a high salinity water distribution header, and a heat recovery and temperature regulation device is arranged on a communicated pipeline; the air inlet, the slag discharging outlet, the material inlet and the product outlet of each multi-element thermal fluid generator are respectively communicated with an air compressor, a slag discharging device, a material distribution header and a heat recovery and temperature regulation device, and the heat recovery and temperature regulation device is communicated with a back pressure regulation device. The starting method for the multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system has the characteristics of gradually increasing the flow of materials and air, starting the reactors one by one, coexisting multiple heating modes and the like, and can realize flexible regulation of working conditions and reduce energy input in the starting process of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system and a starting method thereof, belonging to the technical field of heavy oil thermal recovery.
Background
The resources of the thick oil in the world are very rich, and according to statistics, the geological reserve of the conventional crude oil proved in the world is about 4.6 multiplied by 10 11 m 3 The reserves of the thick oil and the super thick oil are 3.4 times of the reserves of the conventional crude oil and reach 1.55 multiplied by 10 12 m 3 . China has rich thick oil resources and wide distribution. At present, a large number of heavy oil reservoirs are found in 15 large and medium-sized oil-containing basins such as Songliao basin, Bohai Bay basin, Qusoner basin, Nanxiang basin and Erlian basin, and the geological reserve of the national heavy oil is predicted to be 8 multiplied by 10 9 t is more than t.
The viscous crude has high viscosity and poor fluidity, and the viscous crude is very sensitive to temperature, so that the seepage resistance of an oil layer is reduced by increasing the temperature of the viscous crude and reducing the viscosity, and the recovery ratio of the viscous crude is improved. Thermal recovery of heavy oil has developed very rapidly since the last 60 years of the world. So far, thickened oil thermal recovery technology taking steam huff and puff, steam flooding, in-situ combustion and the like as main recovery modes has been formed, and a good recovery effect is obtained. The heavy oil thermal recovery technology is widely applied to most of land heavy oil reservoir development at home and abroad. Compared with the land heavy oil field, the offshore heavy oil field has larger oil well spacing, deeper oil layer burial, and non-continuous steam drive exploitation operation, and the offshore platform has narrow space and limited bearing capacity, so the offshore heavy oil field cannot be widely popularized. The offshore heavy oil thermal recovery technology is in urgent need of developing a new thermal recovery technology and a matched process to improve the recovery ratio of the heavy oil, and a multi-element thermal fluid huff and puff technology is used as a new heavy oil thermal recovery technology, and mainly injects multi-element thermal fluid through an oil well to reduce the viscosity of crude oil in the area near a shaft, reduce the formation seepage resistance and improve the liquid production capacity of the oil well. In 2008, the pilot experiment of the multi-element thermal fluid huff and puff technology of the offshore heavy oil field is firstly developed in the south area of the Bohai Kaibei oil field on the basis of the extensive research of the existing heavy oil thermal recovery technology, and the good heavy oil yield increasing effect is obtained.
The supercritical water is water with temperature and pressure exceeding the critical point (critical temperature 374 ℃ and critical pressure 22.1MPa), the supercritical water gasification technology is a technology for converting various organic matters into clean energy such as hydrogen and the like by utilizing excellent physicochemical properties such as low dielectric constant, high diffusivity, high solubility, low viscosity and the like of the supercritical water, and NO NO is generated in the supercritical water gasification process X 、SO X And (4) generating. Due to the low dielectric constant of supercritical water, inorganic salts have very low solubility in supercritical water and precipitate as solid salts.
The working principle of the traditional multi-element thermal fluid generation system is that a high-pressure combustion chamber is fixed in a cabin by utilizing the combustion and injection mechanism of a space rocket engine, and mixed gas of high-temperature and high-pressure steam, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and the like generated after ignition and combustion is directly injected into an oil layer, so that the pressure of the oil layer is increased, the viscosity of the oil layer is reduced, the oil displacement swept area is increased, and the aim of improving the recovery ratio is fulfilled.
However, the current multi-element thermal fluid generator has the following disadvantages: 1) the diesel oil is seriously depended, and the cost is high; 2) the water treatment process is complex, and high-salinity water, heavy oil production water and other platform wastewater cannot be directly used; 3) high combustion temperature and serious heat dissipation. If the multi-element thermal fluid generating system only has one multi-element thermal fluid generator, the slurry treatment capacity is too small, and the adjustment working condition and the flexibility are poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system which can be used for large scale and a starting method thereof.
The multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system comprises at least two multi-element thermal fluid generators;
the high-salinity water inlet of each multi-element thermal fluid generator is communicated with a high-salinity water distribution header, and a heat recovery and temperature regulation device is arranged on a communicated pipeline;
the air inlet of each multi-element thermal fluid generator is communicated with an air compressor;
the slag discharging outlet of each multi-element thermal fluid generator is communicated with a slag discharging device;
the material inlet of each multi-element thermal fluid generator is communicated with a material distribution header;
the pipelines of the plurality of the multi-element thermal fluid generators communicated with the hypersalinity water distribution header are independent;
the pipelines of the multiple thermal fluid generators communicated with the air compressor are independent;
the pipelines of the multiple thermal fluid generators communicated with the material distribution header are independent;
and the product outlet of each multi-element thermal fluid generator is communicated with the heat recovery and temperature regulation device, and the heat recovery and temperature regulation device is communicated with the back pressure regulation device.
In the parallel system, a temperature sensor is arranged at a high salinity water inlet of the multi-element thermal fluid generator and is used for monitoring the temperature of hot water at the high salinity water inlet.
In the parallel system, the heater is arranged on the outer wall of the multi-element thermal fluid generator and used for heating the multi-element thermal fluid generator.
In the parallel system, the heater adopts the following heating method:
electrical heating, waste industrial heat, solar heating or electromagnetic wave heating.
In the parallel system, the pipeline through which the multi-element thermal fluid generator is communicated with the air compressor and the material distribution header and the pipeline through which the hypersalinity water distribution header is communicated with the heat recovery and temperature regulation device are provided with flow valves so as to realize the regulation of the flow.
The invention also provides a starting method of the multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, starting a first multi-element thermal fluid generator, wherein a mode that the material flow is increased from small to small and the air flow is increased from small is adopted in the starting process; when the first multi-element thermal fluid generator is started and started stably, starting the multi-element thermal fluid generators connected in parallel one by one according to a method for starting the first multi-element thermal fluid generator;
and injecting the supercritical multi-element heat fluid passing through the back pressure regulating device into a shaft to perform heavy oil thermal recovery operation.
Specifically, the first multi-element thermal fluid generator is started according to the following steps:
1) the high salinity water distribution header is communicated with the heat recovery and temperature regulation device, and the heat recovery and temperature regulation device preheats high-pressure water from the high salinity water distribution header, wherein the preheating temperature is not more than 374 ℃;
2) heating the multi-element thermal fluid generator to enable the temperature of the hypersalinity water in the multi-element thermal fluid generator to be raised to a supercritical state;
3) communicating the multi-element thermal fluid generator with the slag discharging device to receive inorganic salt precipitated in the multi-element thermal fluid generator;
4) simultaneously communicating the multi-element thermal fluid generator with the air compressor and the material distribution header;
5) gradually increasing the opening degree of a flow valve on a pipeline communicated with the air compressor and the material distribution header of the multi-element thermal fluid generator to a preset value, and gradually reducing the heating power of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator to gradually increase the outlet temperature of the multi-element thermal fluid generator, so that the first multi-element thermal fluid generator is completely started.
In the starting method, in the step 1), the temperature of the highly mineralized water inlet of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator is controlled to be lower than 374 ℃ in the processes of starting, driving and stopping the multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system.
In the above starting method, the second multi-element thermal fluid generator is started according to the following method:
1) the high salinity water at the high salinity water inlet of the second multi-element thermal fluid generator is preheated by the outlet product of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator through the heat recovery and temperature regulation device, the preheating temperature is not more than 374 ℃, and the high salinity water inlet temperature of the second multi-element thermal fluid generator is controlled below 374 ℃ in the processes of starting, driving and stopping the system;
2) starting a second multi-element thermal fluid generator, so that the temperature of the hypersaline water entering the second multi-element thermal fluid generator is further increased to a supercritical state; the inorganic salt separated out from the second multi-element thermal fluid generator is discharged out of the system through the slag discharge device;
3) simultaneously communicating a second of said multiple thermal fluid generators with said air compressor and said material distribution header;
4) gradually increasing the opening degree of a flow valve on a pipeline of the second multi-element thermal fluid generator, which is communicated with the air compressor and the material distribution header, to a preset value, and gradually reducing the heating power of the second multi-element thermal fluid generator), so that the outlet temperature of the second multi-element thermal fluid generator is gradually increased, and at this point, the second multi-element thermal fluid generator is completely opened.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system takes supercritical water gasification and hydrogen oxidation heat release coupling technology as a core, and realizes high-efficiency compact integration of substances and energy. The parallel system of the invention not only can use diesel oil, but also can use the production water of thickened oil, polymer-containing sludge, crude oil and the like as the sources of substances and energy. The multi-element thermal fluid generator is arranged in a coupling way, the temperature in the reactor is generally not more than 800 ℃, and the heat dissipation loss of the system is reduced. The system adopts a form of connecting a plurality of reactors in parallel, and can realize the generation amount of the multi-element thermal fluid in a larger scale. Generated by the system in supercritical H 2 O、CO 2 、N 2 The multi-element thermal fluid as the main component can play a role in increasing production and modifying quality in the process of thick oil displacement.
The starting method for the multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system has the characteristics of gradually increasing the flow of materials and air, starting the reactors one by one, coexisting multiple heating modes and the like, and can realize flexible regulation of working conditions and reduce energy input in the starting process of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-high salinity water distribution header; 2-a first flow valve; 3-a second flow valve; 4-heat recovery and temperature regulation device; 5-a back pressure regulating device; 6-a fifth flow valve; 7-a sixth flow valve; 8-a second temperature sensor; 9-a first temperature sensor; 10-a first heater; 11-a first multi-element thermal fluid generator; 12-a slag discharge device; 13-a second heater; 14-material distribution header; 15-a third flow valve; 16-a second multi-element thermal fluid generator; 17-a fourth flow valve; 18-air compressor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system of the present invention comprises a first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11, a second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16, an air compressor 18, a hypersalinity water distribution header 1, a material distribution header 14, a heat recovery and temperature regulation device 4, a back pressure regulation device 5 and a slag discharge device 12.
The air compressor 18 is communicated with the air inlets of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 and the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16, the slag discharge outlet of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 and the slag discharge outlet of the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16 are both communicated with the inlet of the slag discharge device 12, the outlet of the material distribution header 14 is respectively communicated with the material inlets of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 and the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16, the outlet of the hypersalinity water distribution header 1 is communicated with the hypersalinity water inlet of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 and the hypersalinity water inlet of the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16 through the heat recovery and temperature adjusting device 4, the product outlet of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 and the product outlet of the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16 are communicated with the inlet of the back pressure regulating device 5 through the heat recovery and temperature regulating device 4.
The high salinity water distribution header 1 is provided with an independent water delivery pipeline at the outlet, and the pipeline is respectively provided with a first flow valve 2 and a second flow valve 3. An independent material conveying pipeline is arranged at an outlet of the material distribution header 14, and a third flow valve 15 and a fourth flow valve 17 are respectively arranged on the pipeline; an independent air conveying pipeline is arranged at the outlet of the air compressor 18, and a fifth flow valve 6 and a sixth flow valve 7 are respectively arranged on the pipeline. The hypersalinity water inlet pipelines of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 and the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16 which are subjected to heat recovery and temperature adjustment are respectively provided with a first temperature sensor 9 and a second temperature sensor 8. The first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 and the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16 are respectively provided with a first heater 10 and a second heater 13 on the outer wall. The first heater 10 and the second heater 13 may be one or more of electric heating, industrial waste heat, solar heating, electromagnetic wave heating, and the like. The invention is not only aimed at the condition that two multi-element thermal fluid generators are connected in parallel, but also can be applied to the condition that more multi-element thermal fluid generators are connected in parallel.
Starting the multi-element thermal fluid generating system according to the following method:
the method comprises the steps of starting a first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 through electric heating, and gradually increasing the material flow and the air flow from small to small in the process of starting the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11; and when the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 is started and the start is stable, the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16 is gradually started through the heat recovery and temperature regulation device 4 and the second heater 13.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
1) opening the first flow valve 2 and the second flow valve 3 to a certain degree of openness, so that the high-pressure water conveyed by the hypersalinity water distribution header 1 enters the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 and the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16;
2) starting the heat recovery and temperature regulation device 4 to preheat the high salinity water inlet temperature of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 to a certain temperature, but not more than 374 ℃, and controlling the high salinity water inlet temperature of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 to be below 374 ℃ in the starting, driving and stopping processes of the system, wherein the high salinity water inlet temperature of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 is obtained by the first temperature sensor 9;
3) turning on the first heater 10 so that the temperature of the highly mineralized water entering the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 is further raised to a supercritical state;
4) starting the slag discharging device 12, and periodically discharging inorganic salt precipitated in the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 out of the system;
5) opening the third flow valve 15 to allow the material conveyed through the material distribution header 14 to enter the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11, and simultaneously opening the fifth flow valve 6;
6) gradually increasing the opening degrees of the fifth flow valve 6 and the third flow valve 15 to a preset value, and gradually decreasing the heating power of the first heater 10 to a certain constant value, so that the outlet temperature of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 gradually increases, and thus, the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 is completely opened;
7) the outlet product of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 is preheated to a certain temperature through the heat recovery and temperature regulation device 4, but not more than 374 ℃, and the inlet temperature of the high-salinity water of the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16 is controlled below 374 ℃ in the starting, driving and stopping processes of the system, wherein the inlet temperature of the high-salinity water of the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16 is obtained by the second temperature sensor 8;
8) the second heater 13 is started, so that the temperature of the high salinity water entering the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16 is further increased to a supercritical state; inorganic salt precipitated in the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16 is discharged out of the system 11 through the slag discharge device 12;
9) opening the fourth flow valve 17 to allow the material delivered through the material distribution header 14 to enter the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16, and simultaneously opening the sixth flow valve 7;
10) gradually increasing the opening degrees of the sixth flow valve 7 and the fourth flow valve 17 to a preset value, and gradually reducing the heating power of the second heater 13 to a certain constant value, so that the outlet temperature of the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16 is gradually increased to a certain temperature value, and at this time, the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16 is also completely started;
11) the supercritical multi-element heat fluid passing through the backpressure regulating device 5 is injected into a shaft to carry out heavy oil thermal recovery operation.
In the starting stage of the system, the high salinity water inlet temperature of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator 11 and the second multi-element thermal fluid generator 16 does not exceed 374 ℃, wherein the temperature values are obtained by the first temperature sensor 9 and the second temperature sensor 8. The method adopts a starting strategy of starting a single system at a small flow rate and starting a plurality of systems one by one, and the starting method can also be suitable for the situation of a parallel system of a plurality of multi-element thermal fluid generators.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The starting method of the multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system comprises the following steps:
the multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system comprises at least two multi-element thermal fluid generators;
the high-salinity water inlet of each multi-element thermal fluid generator is communicated with a high-salinity water distribution header, and a heat recovery and temperature regulation device is arranged on a communicated pipeline;
the air inlet of each multi-element thermal fluid generator is communicated with an air compressor;
the slag discharging outlet of each multi-element thermal fluid generator is communicated with a slag discharging device;
the material inlet of each multi-element thermal fluid generator is communicated with a material distribution header;
the product outlet of each multi-element thermal fluid generator is communicated with the heat recovery and temperature regulation device, and the heat recovery and temperature regulation device is communicated with the back pressure regulation device;
firstly, starting a first multi-element thermal fluid generator, wherein a mode that the material flow is increased from small to small and the air flow is increased from small to small is adopted in the starting process; when the first multi-element thermal fluid generator is started and started stably, starting the multi-element thermal fluid generators connected in parallel one by one according to a method for starting the first multi-element thermal fluid generator;
starting a first of said multiple thermal fluid generators according to the following steps:
1) the high salinity water distribution header is communicated with the heat recovery and temperature regulation device, and the heat recovery and temperature regulation device preheats high-pressure water from the high salinity water distribution header, wherein the preheating temperature is not more than 374 ℃;
2) heating the multi-element thermal fluid generator to enable the temperature of the hypersalinity water in the multi-element thermal fluid generator to be raised to a supercritical state;
3) the multi-element thermal fluid generator is communicated with the slag discharging device to receive inorganic salt precipitated in the multi-element thermal fluid generator;
4) simultaneously communicating the multi-element thermal fluid generator with the air compressor and the material distribution header;
5) gradually increasing the opening degree of a flow valve on a pipeline communicated with the air compressor and the material distribution header of the multi-element thermal fluid generator to a preset value, and gradually reducing the heating power of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator to gradually increase the outlet temperature of the multi-element thermal fluid generator, so that the first multi-element thermal fluid generator is completely started;
the materials contained in the material distribution header are diesel oil, heavy oil production water, polymer-containing sludge and/or crude oil.
2. The startup method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a high-salinity water inlet of the multi-element thermal fluid generator is provided with a temperature sensor.
3. A starting method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and a heater is arranged on the outer wall of the multi-element thermal fluid generator.
4. A starting method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the heater adopts the following heating mode:
electrical heating, waste industrial heat, solar heating or electromagnetic wave heating.
5. The startup method according to claim 4, characterized in that: and flow valves are arranged on pipelines communicated with the air compressor and the material distribution header of the multi-element thermal fluid generator and pipelines communicated with the high salinity water distribution header and the heat recovery and temperature regulation device.
6. The startup method according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step 1), the high salinity water inlet temperature of the first multi-element thermal fluid generator is controlled to be lower than 374 ℃ in the processes of starting, driving and stopping the multi-element thermal fluid generation parallel system.
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