CN103553254A - System for wastewater oxidation treatment by using supercritical circulating water - Google Patents

System for wastewater oxidation treatment by using supercritical circulating water Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103553254A
CN103553254A CN201310584984.8A CN201310584984A CN103553254A CN 103553254 A CN103553254 A CN 103553254A CN 201310584984 A CN201310584984 A CN 201310584984A CN 103553254 A CN103553254 A CN 103553254A
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water
reactor
oxidation treatment
sewage
supercritical steam
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张阔
廖传华
李智超
朱跃钊
陈海军
范红途
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Nanjing Tech University
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Nanjing Tech University
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Abstract

The invention provides a system for wastewater oxidation treatment by using supercritical circulating water. The system comprises a heating device, a reactor, a steam generator and a gas-liquid separation device which are sequentially connected end to end through pipelines to form a circulating treatment system, wherein the heating device is used for heating circulating water. In the system, the heating device is used for heating the circulating water to promote the whole treatment process to operate, sewage is up to a supercritical state through being mixed with the circulating water, a sewage preheating device in traditional sewage treatment is omitted, and the sewage with a high-concentration COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) value can be directly treated.

Description

A kind of system of supercritical steam cycle water sewage oxidation treatment
technical field:
The invention belongs to environment protection and chemical field, related to especially and utilized supercritical water difficult waste water and dregs to be carried out to the system of harmless treatment.
background technology:
Current industrial development rapidly, incident pollution is also on the rise, the processing of many trade effluent waste gas has also become problem, some factories will dilute wastewater dilution and discharge to national standard, these class methods are not processed the objectionable constituent in waste water in itself at all, more indivedual waste water burn the mode of oxidation to be processed by mixing, because the insufficient of burning will produce secondary pollution, most of high-concentration waste water is because its complicated component is difficult to thorough processing, as papermaking, the processing decolouring of dyeing waste water, the degradation treatment of azo group, mostly there is the wastewater treatment in toxicity military project pharmaceutical factory, phenol in coking chemical waste water, oils, naphthalene, many rings of anthracene and the processing of heterocyclic arene, etc., the unmanageable waste water of this class is a lot, complicated by traditional treatment method process, cycle is very long.The wastewater problem of generally speaking processing now high density is still the focus that countries nowadays government organs pay close attention to and study.
As everyone knows, the state of material depends on some state parameters such as temperature, pressure, density consist, supercritical Water Oxidation Technology is to take supercritical water to carry out the process of oxidation operation as medium, it is a kind of emerging technology, water is at 374 ℃, pressure has just reached above-critical state when 22.05Mpa is above, because making the interface of gas-liquid two-phase, above-critical state disappears, form homogeneous phase system, speed of response is very fast, processing efficiency is very high, can in the short period of time, make organism generation oxidizing reaction, almost completely changes N into 2, CO 2, H 2o, and inorganic salts is also separated out because being difficult to dissolve in above-critical state, fine to wastewater treatment efficiency.
Traditional supercritical water treatment mode is, first sewage is pumped into Buffer Pool by a pump, recycling high-pressure pump is pumped into (object of this interchanger is in order to reclaim a part of heat) in interchanger by the water in Buffer Pool, by entering again preheater after interchanger preheating, heat, until pass into again reactor after reaching the suitable temperature of reaction, mix and react mutually with the oxygenant passing into simultaneously, after end, after precipitating by settling tank, enter interchanger, sewage is carried out to preheating once, be finally further cooled to again normal temperature decompression and discharge.
Traditional technology has problems on industrialized road, first because supercritical water oxidation can produce inorganic salt, easily to pipeline and standby resulting in blockage.Aspect energy recovery, science and technology with society directly can not be accomplished the recovery of heat, the water of directly drawing under supercritical state goes generating to be also difficult to realize, and in water after treatment, contain more other gases, cannot pushing turbine, at present the recovery of heat is only relied on to an interchanger, and the seriously corroded to equipment under High Temperature High Pressure, heat transfer tube is difficult to bear for a long time the situation of corrosion, and heavy wall can affect heat exchange, and thin-walled can easily lose efficacy.Reach supercritical state energy consuming ratio higher, traditional interchanger seems weak under in the face of corrosion and blockage problem, and huge heat interchanging area and material expend and also make it be difficult to industrialization.
Highly energy-consuming and the characteristic that is difficult for reclaiming are technologic difficult points, so supercritical Water Oxidation Technology is never developed rapidly, can only in laboratory, carry out theoretical treatment.The research of present stage is all on reactor, only at reactor, some optimizations have partly been carried out, structure is relative complex also, the problem of preheater interchanger does not also solve, and the heat-processed of sewage be generally the in the situation that of high pressure direct heating to above-critical state, interior type of heating is generally used electrically heated, and corrosion is easy to make heating system to damage, and should not keep in repair; And external heat is because of sewage serious galvanic corrosion under subcritical state, need to be to internal pipeline intensive treatment, huge wall thickness causes the efficiency of the heating of sewage very low, acid in sewage, halogen, sulphur, phosphorus are to pipeline simultaneously, especially to the pipeline corrosion of High Temperature High Pressure section, be all very serious, and the mode that tradition passes into oxygen in reactor also can extend the reaction times, augmenting response device volume because contact is insufficient.Under present technological conditions, structure and equipment cannot rationally utilize, and when processing needs the more inner components of sewage to be processed to change, need be in the situation that changing pressure and temperature, also because reactor volume immutable affects the reaction times, the in the situation that of reducing pressure as improved temperature at needs, or in the situation that treatment capacity need to improve, seriously shortened the reaction times, reactor need to be manufactured again, lack technologic universality.So numerous problems has caused supercritical water oxidation method to equipment requirements superelevation, is difficult to long-time running, makes it to be difficult to industrialization and uses.
summary of the invention:
Be directed to the problems that current supercritical water treatment faces, the invention provides a kind of Waste Water Treatment, low to solve present stage processing waste water capacity usage ratio, equipment corrosion is serious, the obstruction of inorganic salt, reduce the etching problem of waste water to pipeline, break away from waste water is relied on to electrically heated, and can change different processing condition, realization mixes and focuses on dissimilar sewage, solve the technical barrier that a series of need are captured, made the industrial applications of supercritical Water Oxidation Technology have substantial progress.
A kind of system of supercritical steam cycle water sewage oxidation treatment, comprise heating unit, reactor, vapour generator and gas-liquid separation device, heating unit, reactor, vapour generator and gas-liquid separation device are connected by pipeline successively head and the tail, form a circulating treating system; Described heating unit is for heating cycle water.
The present invention mainly relies on heating unit heating cycle water to promote whole treatment scheme operation, the medium that recirculated water transmits oxygenant supply as heat is connecting whole device, recirculated water is promoted to after certain temperature by heating unit, under required pressure, mix in reactor with sewage, make mixed sewage reach supercritical state, oxygenant in sewage and recirculated water reacts, and generates CO 2with H 2o, reaches the effect of disposing of sewage.In the present invention, sewage is by mixing and reach supercritical state with recirculated water, cancelled the sewage primary heater unit in existing sewage disposal, and because the diluting effect of recirculated water makes high concentration COD value still can directly pump into processing 500000 with interior sewage, far above general water oxidation COD value, should be less than 120000 requirement, the flow velocity of whole turbulent state has also been accelerated the processing to sewage.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described heating unit adopts supercritical steam boiler; Tail gas after supercritical steam boiler combustion is used for preheated oxidant by pipeline, and the coal ash after burning or cigarette ash directly mix in sewage, improves waste strength, and directly processes, in case major structure becomes secondary pollution.
As a further improvement on the present invention, be also provided with the auxiliary device that participates in of coal dust in described system, described coal dust is auxiliary to be participated in device and by topping-up pump, is connected to the input terminus of reactor.By coal dust, assist and participate in device and mix coal dust, make native system when processing waste water, the concentration no requirement (NR) to sewage, concentration of wastewater height on result without too large impact.When sewage pumps into reactor, sneak into coal dust or coal water slurry, make the form of former externally combustion heating water change to internal oxidation heat release with the form of heating water, improve temperature of reaction, and improve temperature of reactor to process requirements temperature by the different amounts of participating in.This also makes the heat that need obtain in boiler can complete self-sufficiency at reactor, makes reactor also play the effect of boiler, and contamination-free discharges, and has significantly reduced the temperature out of boiler recirculated water, reduces boiler demand.Under the condition of reaction needed, for different waste water, amount (can change the temperature of inside reactor), circulating water temperature and the circular flow (changing the treatment capacity that regulates sewage with the different blended composition and division in a proportion of sewage) that by adjusting, mix coal dust, sump pump flow (treatment capacity of sewage) matches and can change temperature, pressure, treatment capacity and the reaction times of processing simultaneously with adjusting pressure-reduced valve (adjusting internal pressure).Can be according to the perfect adjusting process parameter of the dissimilar waste water of Various Seasonal, regulating power is strong, and scope is wide.
As a further improvement on the present invention, be also connected with oxygenant charging point between described heating unit and reactor, oxygenant filling, to entering in reactor recirculated water before, makes oxygenant fully mix with recirculated water, improves subsequent oxidation speed.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the inwall of described reactor is lined with ceramic layer, and resistance to corrosion is strong.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in described system, be also provided with interchanger, the first input end of described interchanger is connected with the output terminal of described gas-liquid separation device, the first output terminal is connected with gas emission device with normality water by pressure regulating equipment, the second input terminus of described interchanger is connected with soft water front pump, and the soft water input terminus of the second output terminal and described vapour generator is connected.A part of water that described gas-liquid separation device is discharged carries out arranging outward after heat exchange with the soft water that enters vapour generator again, reduces the requirement of external relief outlet place reducing valve temperature performance.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described system is also provided with power cycle equipment, the input terminus of described power cycle equipment is connected with the output terminal of described gas-liquid separation device, and the output terminal of described power cycle equipment is connected with the circulating water intake of described heating unit.Power cycle equipment promotes the circulation of whole recirculated water, and object is to change natural convection into forced convection, makes pressure, temperature, reaction times and treatment capacity in technique become single freely measuring, and can change arbitrarily.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention has canceled the needed waste water preheating of traditional technology and heat transfer process, oxidation corrosion while solve the galvanic corrosion that under subcritical state, equipment caused in wastewater treatment process and supercritical state, waste water is existed only in reactor and initial pipeline in whole treating processes, space and the time in high temperature section that waste water exists have been dwindled greatly, need the pipeline of strengthening few, easily, suitability is strong in construction, in traditional technology, be only used to process water, the recovery of heat also relies on interchanger substantially, the present invention combines water treatment and the technique that produces saturation steam, cyclic part be take to vapour generator and as boundary, be divided into high temperature section and low-temperature zone, vapour generator, to being low-temperature zone between heating unit input terminus, makes equipment reduce the requirement of material the work-ing life of having improved pipeline, solve the problem of gas delivery and circulation in recirculated water, and promoted overall capacity usage ratio, whole high temperature section pipeline internal flow is substantially all supercritical water, good fluidity, and system should not be stopped up, traditional technology is generally taked electrically heated because sewage character is unstable, the present invention has removed the direct-fired device of sewage, improved the time limit of service of equipment, solved electrically heated danger high, work-ing life is short, consumes the energy large, and heats poor etc. series of problems, by the present invention, the sewage of any high-concentration and low-concentration can be processed under very high capacity usage ratio, traditional technology and sewage is heated to very high-temperature in well heater compared with Gao Shixu when the temperature of reaction needed, and also will be to oxidizer preheat, this technique is by adding the mode of a certain amount of coal water slurry or coal dust to make originally need become internal oxidation heat release at the coal dust of boiler combustion heating cycle water temperature, improve the utilising efficiency of coal and reduced boiler demand temperature, optimized technique, under traditional technology, due to fixing of reactor volume, if sewage can change the time stopping in reactor because of the variation of specific volume after changing temperature and pressure condition, affect reaction treatment effect, the present invention has perfectly solved this point, by adjusting the ratio of mixture of recirculated water and sewage, to change, process flow, improve the coal dust amount of participating in or boiler initial heating temperature to regulate temperature of reaction, pressure controller is to regulate pressure, in whole this process, can change arbitrarily also can be constant for the amount of sewage, the amount of participating in that just improves coal dust when the constant specific volume of the discharge of sewage reduces improves boiler export temperature, and reduce the ratio of mixture of recirculated water and sewage, completed in the situation that does not change the reaction times and changed reaction pressure and temperature, so overdraft of the present invention, temperature, reaction times, four for the treatment of capacities become singlely separately freely to be measured, can change arbitrarily and not be subject to impact each other.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, be described further.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, a kind of system of supercritical steam cycle water sewage oxidation treatment, comprise process furnace, reactor, vapour generator and gas-liquid separation device, process furnace, reactor, vapour generator and gas-liquid separation device are connected by pipeline successively head and the tail, form a circulating treating system.The operation steps of this system is as follows:
In the e-quipment and pipe of supercritical steam cycle water oxidization processing system, be full of recirculated water, opening process furnace heats recirculated water, recirculated water after heating passes through pipeline overflow to follow-up equipments such as reactors, impel in recirculated water and circulate in system, be heated to 395 ℃-450 ℃, pressure is to being greater than 22.1Mpa;
By sewage and oxygenant while input reactor, under supercritical state, react, as 1 cubic metre of COD value of every processing sewage that is 40000, we need add the oxygen of 1500mol to guarantee carrying out smoothly of reaction accordingly, the organism easily reacting in sewage can during mixing first react and heat release, promotes temperature and gives remaining question response thing better reaction conditions;
Reacted water enters vapour generator and carries out heat recuperation, reduces the temperature of self simultaneously, reduces the demand of follow-up pipeline, exports steam simultaneously, offers periphery factory;
To the water temp after vapour generator heat exchange, can be down to the subcritical state of 300 ℃ of left and right and in separating device, first isolate inorganic salt, through one section, be naturally down to 280 ℃ of laggard row gas-liquid separations, discharge wherein gas and a part of water, Exhaust Gas has CO 2, SO 2, NO xdeng, wherein also including the oxygen that unreacted is clean, these gases can also carry out secondary recovery, and oxygen wherein utilizes again;
Water after separation has become the water that can again utilize, and enters process furnace continue heating as recirculated water.
Embodiment 2
Referring to accompanying drawing 2, a kind of system of supercritical steam cycle water sewage oxidation treatment, comprise supercritical steam boiler, reactor, vapour generator, gas-liquid separation device and power cycle equipment, supercritical steam boiler, reactor, vapour generator, gas-liquid separation device and power cycle equipment, by pipeline successively head and the tail, connect, form a circulating treating system, in system, be also provided with interchanger, auxiliary device and the oxygenant charging point of participating in of coal dust.The first input end of interchanger is connected with the output terminal of gas-liquid separation device, the first output terminal is connected with gas emission device with normality water by pressure regulating equipment, the second input terminus of interchanger is connected with soft water front pump, and the soft water input terminus of the second output terminal and vapour generator is connected.Coal dust is auxiliary to be participated in device and by topping-up pump, is connected to the input terminus of reactor.Oxygenant charging point is located between supercritical steam boiler and reactor.
Specific examples operation process flow process:
Pending waste water be the refuse COD value of a plurality of different factories higher than 90000, the optimum process condition of processing is pressure 25Mpa, 520 ℃ of temperature, processing unit is 1 ton, volume is about 1 cubic metre.
1. in the e-quipment and pipe of supercritical steam cycle water oxidization processing system, be full of recirculated water, opening process furnace heats recirculated water, recirculated water after heating passes through pipeline overflow to follow-up equipments such as reactors, impel in recirculated water and circulate in system, be heated to 395 ℃-450 ℃, pressure is to being greater than 22.1Mpa;
2. this example take that to use dioxygen oxidation be example, for guaranteeing that certain treatment effect need to maintain certain peroxide amount, one ton of sewage of every processing need inject 12590mol oxygen, the amount passing into is larger, and coal is also very fierce with reacting of oxygen, so the oxygen passing into in advance with air mixed after, but ratio be 5:1 ~ 1:1 all this example according to 2:1, adjust;
3. in waste water, the mass ratio with 1:0.148 mixes calorific value at the coal dust of 5500kcal/kg left and right, makes sewage be mixed into reactor with it;
4. after entering reactor, react at once, simultaneous reactions device internal temperature is increased to rapidly 520 ℃, completes whole art breading.
By the organism in water after ceramic reactor reaction precipitation, inorganics with regard to processed clean, enter vapour generator heat exchange, self temperature is down to 200 ℃, the heat of getting in return approximately can produce 3.615 tons of steam, offers subsequently periphery factory and uses;
6. the recirculated water after cooling enters gas-liquid separator, gas in water and a part of water of handling well are separated, after overflow segment, carry out 2 heat exchange with the soft water that flows into vapour generator, finally by adjusting pressure-reduced valve, be down to outside normal pressure device for transferring, Exhaust Gas is recyclable;
Remaining water after separation enters cycle power device as recirculated water to start to circulate next time.

Claims (7)

1. the system of a supercritical steam cycle water sewage oxidation treatment, comprise heating unit, reactor, vapour generator and gas-liquid separation device, it is characterized in that, heating unit, reactor, vapour generator and gas-liquid separation device are connected by pipeline successively head and the tail, form a circulating treating system; Described heating unit is for heating cycle water.
2. the system of supercritical steam cycle water sewage oxidation treatment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the inwall of described reactor is lined with ceramic layer.
3. the system of supercritical steam cycle water sewage oxidation treatment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described heating unit adopts supercritical steam boiler.
4. the system of supercritical steam cycle water sewage oxidation treatment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is also provided with the auxiliary device that participates in of coal dust in described system, and described coal dust is auxiliary to be participated in device and by topping-up pump, be connected to the input terminus of reactor.
5. the system of supercritical steam cycle water sewage oxidation treatment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is also connected with oxygenant charging point between described heating unit and reactor.
6. the system of supercritical steam cycle water sewage oxidation treatment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described system, be also provided with interchanger, the first input end of described interchanger is connected with the output terminal of described gas-liquid separation device, the first output terminal is connected with gas emission device with normality water by pressure regulating equipment, the second input terminus of described interchanger is connected with soft water front pump, and the soft water input terminus of the second output terminal and described vapour generator is connected.
7. the system of supercritical steam cycle water sewage oxidation treatment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described system is also provided with power cycle equipment, the input terminus of described power cycle equipment is connected with the output terminal of described gas-liquid separation device, and the output terminal of described power cycle equipment is connected with the circulating water intake of described heating unit.
CN201310584984.8A 2013-11-19 2013-11-19 System for wastewater oxidation treatment by using supercritical circulating water Pending CN103553254A (en)

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103951004A (en) * 2014-04-29 2014-07-30 西安交通大学 Phenolic wastewater treatment system and method based on supercritical hydrothermal reaction
CN106513421A (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-03-22 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 Energy saving and consumption reducing method for treating oil and gas field oil-base drilling cuttings through supercritical water oxidation
CN108251093A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-07-06 南京工业大学 The preparation system and method for a kind of supercritical fluid for heavy crude heat extraction
CN108826744A (en) * 2018-06-12 2018-11-16 西安交通大学 The system for carrying out cool and thermal power multiple-supplying with supercritical water oxidation system complementary energy

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103951004A (en) * 2014-04-29 2014-07-30 西安交通大学 Phenolic wastewater treatment system and method based on supercritical hydrothermal reaction
CN103951004B (en) * 2014-04-29 2015-04-29 西安交通大学 Phenolic wastewater treatment system and method based on supercritical hydrothermal reaction
CN106513421A (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-03-22 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 Energy saving and consumption reducing method for treating oil and gas field oil-base drilling cuttings through supercritical water oxidation
CN106513421B (en) * 2016-11-22 2018-12-11 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 A kind of energy-saving method of supercritical water oxidation processing oil gas field oil-based drill cuttings
CN108251093A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-07-06 南京工业大学 The preparation system and method for a kind of supercritical fluid for heavy crude heat extraction
CN108826744A (en) * 2018-06-12 2018-11-16 西安交通大学 The system for carrying out cool and thermal power multiple-supplying with supercritical water oxidation system complementary energy

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Application publication date: 20140205