CN113100015A - Horticultural crop growth nutrient medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a horticultural crop growth nutrient medium which is characterized by mainly comprising the following components: wood fiber, crushed leaf material, bagasse, sugar cane bark, willow bark and coarse sand; the weight ratio of each raw material is as follows: 1-10% of wood fiber, 1-8% of crushed leaf, 61-95% of bagasse, 1-8% of sugarcane peel, 1-8% of willow bark and 1-10% of coarse sand; the matrix is internally provided with a well-decomposed willow bark component, salicylic acid in the willow bark can stimulate the growth of the plant root system, increase the dry weight of the plant root system, and the luxuriant root promotes the plant to absorb water and nutrients, so that the growth of the plant branches and leaves and the yield improvement are facilitated.

Description

Horticultural crop growth nutrient medium

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural planting and cultivation, and particularly relates to a nutrient medium for growth of horticultural crops.

Background

The root system of the plant is an important way for the branches, leaves and flowers to absorb nutrition and nutrients, once the root system of the plant is diseased or decayed, the nutrients cannot be transmitted through the root system of the plant and can be absorbed by the plant, the branches, leaves and flowers, and the root system of the plant is particularly important; as long as the root system of the plant is healthy and strong, the branches and leaves are flourishing inevitably; meanwhile, the health of the branches and leaves is complementary with the health of the root system, the health of the root system can bring favorable conditions to the branches and leaves, and the health of the branches and leaves can also influence the root system, thereby promoting the growth of the root system in turn;

at present, nutrient components of soil or a matrix for cultivating some plants are insufficient, soil looseness and pH value are not beneficial to the growth of the root system of the plant, the growth of the root system of the plant is weak, and the nutrient components cannot be absorbed and transmitted, so that the branches and leaves of the whole plant are sparse.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention prepares the horticultural crop growth nutrient medium, the growth medium adopts secondary utilization natural substances such as bagasse, sugarcane peel, fallen leaves and the like as raw materials, has a plurality of nutrient components which are beneficial to root growth, and has good air permeability and water retention property;

a horticultural crop growth nutrient medium is characterized by mainly comprising the following components: wood fiber, crushed leaf material, bagasse, sugar cane bark, willow bark and coarse sand; the weight ratio of each raw material is as follows: 1-10% of wood fiber, 1-8% of crushed leaf, 61-95% of bagasse, 1-8% of sugarcane peel, 1-8% of willow bark and 1-10% of coarse sand;

the bagasse is used after fermentation; the willow bark is used after being decomposed and sterilized;

further, according to the weight ratio, the method comprises the following steps: 5% of wood fiber, 5% of crushed leaf, 70% of bagasse, 6% of sugarcane peel, 8% of willow bark and 6% of coarse sand;

further, the wood fiber is one or more of pine, willow and fir;

further, the crushed leaf is one or more of eucalyptus, ginkgo, elm, peach and cypress;

further, the bagasse fermentation step comprises:

(1) squeezing fresh sugarcane to dry the juice, and taking the sugarcane bagasse for later use;

(2) crushing bagasse into particles with specified particle size by a crusher;

(3) removing impurities from bagasse particles, sieving the bagasse particles, and screening bagasse with excessively large or excessively small particle size;

(4) adding a decomposing agent into the sieved bagasse and uniformly stirring;

(5) stacking the sugarcane residues in a clean and dry place for stack retting fermentation;

(6) after fermenting for half a month, air-drying to obtain fermented bagasse;

further, the steps of decomposing and sterilizing the willow bark are as follows:

(1) cleaning willow bark with clear water, cutting into granules, and boiling the granular willow bark to sterilize;

(2) soaking the boiled willow bark in clear water for 1-2 hours;

(3) fishing out the soaked willow bark, performing secondary disinfection treatment by using a proper amount of disinfectant, and airing in a ventilated environment;

(4) putting the willow bark which is ventilated and dried in the step (3) into a clean container, spraying a proper amount of water, keeping a comfortable and moist environment, sealing, and then putting into a baking room at 40 ℃ for fermentation;

(5) stirring and turning over are frequently carried out during the process of the step (4);

(6) after a large amount of hyphae appear, the willow bark is thoroughly decomposed;

the invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the horticultural crop growth nutrient medium, which comprises the following steps:

(1) raw material detection: sorting and primary screening the raw materials; (2) desalting; (3) desugarizing; (4) deodorizing; (5) sterilizing; (6) screening; (7) carbonizing and forming holes; (8) controlling the water content ratio; (9) mixing; (10) detecting again; (11) and (7) briquetting.

The bagasse is residue obtained after pressing sugarcane, accounts for about 24% -27% of the sugarcane (wherein the water content is about 50%), contains rich cellulose, and also contains phosphorus and potassium which are necessary nutrient elements for plant growth, and can promote the thick and strong rhizome and luxuriant leaves of plants;

the willow bark contains a chemical substance, namely salicylic acid, and has promotion effects on the rooting and the germination of plants and the photosynthesis of leaves.

After the coarse sand is added, the looseness of the whole matrix is increased, the matrix is prevented from being hardened, the water retention is increased, and the absorption of plant water and nutrients is facilitated.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a horticultural crop growth nutrition substrate, wherein the substrate is internally provided with a well-decomposed willow bark component, salicylic acid in willow bark can stimulate the growth of plant root systems, the dry weight of the plant root systems is increased, and the luxuriant root parts promote the absorption of plants on water and nutrients, so that the growth of plant branches and leaves and the improvement of yield are facilitated.

Detailed Description

The present invention and the effects thereof will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the descriptions.

Example 1

A nutrient medium for growth of horticultural crops comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5% of wood fiber, 5% of crushed leaf, 70% of bagasse, 6% of sugarcane peel, 8% of willow bark and 6% of coarse sand;

the bagasse is used after fermentation; the willow bark is used after being decomposed and sterilized;

the wood fiber is made of pine, willow and fir;

the crushed leaf is made of eucalyptus, ginkgo tree, elm, peach tree and cypress;

the fermentation steps of the bagasse are as follows:

(1) squeezing fresh sugarcane to dry the juice, and taking the sugarcane bagasse for later use;

(2) crushing bagasse into particles with specified particle size by a crusher;

(3) removing impurities from bagasse particles, sieving the bagasse particles, and screening bagasse with excessively large or excessively small particle size;

(4) adding a decomposing agent into the sieved bagasse and uniformly stirring;

(5) stacking the sugarcane residues in a clean and dry place for stack retting fermentation;

(6) after fermenting for half a month, air-drying to obtain fermented bagasse;

the willow bark decomposition and sterilization steps are as follows:

(1) cleaning willow bark with clear water, cutting into granules, and boiling the granular willow bark to sterilize;

(2) soaking the boiled willow bark in clear water for 1-2 hours;

(3) fishing out the soaked willow bark, performing secondary disinfection treatment by using a proper amount of disinfectant, and airing in a ventilated environment;

(4) putting the willow bark which is ventilated and dried in the step (3) into a clean container, spraying a proper amount of water, keeping a comfortable and moist environment, sealing, and then putting into a baking room at 40 ℃ for fermentation;

(5) stirring and turning over are frequently carried out during the process of the step (4);

(6) after a large amount of hyphae appear, the willow bark is thoroughly decomposed;

a preparation method of a horticultural crop growth nutrient medium comprises the following steps:

(1) raw material detection: sorting and primary screening the raw materials; (2) desalting; (3) desugarizing; (4) deodorizing; (5) sterilizing; (6) screening; (7) carbonizing and forming holes; (8) controlling the water content ratio; (9) mixing; (10) detecting again; (11) and (7) briquetting.

Example 2

To verify the effect of the substrate in example 1 on plant root growth, the following control experiment was set up:

experimental condition preparation:

preparing a culture medium: preparing a plurality of weight parts of the matrix according to the matrix raw materials and part ratio in the embodiment 1, and taking the same weight of coconut coir matrix;

the cultivated species: rosewood;

and (3) seedling group number: 4 groups of repeated experiments are arranged on the coconut husk substrate, and 4 groups of repeated experiments are also arranged on the coconut husk substrate; each group is cultivated with 50 roses with the same growth health status;

the cultivation seedling method comprises the following steps: cutting and cultivating for one month;

the cultivation conditions are as follows: the plastic greenhouse is operated according to DB 41/T1180-2015 China rose cutting seedling technical specification at the temperature of 18-25 ℃;

after cultivating for one month, digging out the Chinese rose roots without damaging the roots to cause the root systems to break, taking out the root systems, cleaning the substrate residues on the root systems, drying the treated root systems, and respectively weighing the weight of each dried root system;

the statistical method of the dry weight of the root system comprises the following steps: grouping, namely weighing and recording the weight of each root system in each group one by one, then calculating the average value of the dry weights of the root systems in the reorganization, calculating the average value of the dry weights of the root systems of four groups of two substrates, calculating the average value of the dry weights of the root systems of the four groups, and counting the results in table 1;

TABLE 1

The statistical results of the dry weights of the roots in the table 1 show that the dry weights of the roots of roses cultivated by the substrate prepared by the substrate raw materials according to the parts ratio in the example 1 are superior to the dry weights of the roots of roses cultivated by the coconut husk substrate in terms of single-group mean value and overall mean value; therefore, the substrate formula provided by the invention is beneficial to the growth of plant roots.

Example 3

A nutrient medium for growth of horticultural crops comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5% of wood fiber, 5% of crushed leaf material, 70% of bagasse and 6% of sugarcane peel;

the bagasse is used after fermentation;

the wood fiber is made of pine, willow and fir;

the crushed leaf is made of eucalyptus, ginkgo tree, elm, peach tree and cypress;

the bagasse fermentation procedure is described in reference to example 1

A method for preparing a nutrient medium for horticultural crop growth, referring to example 1

Based on the substrate material of the present invention, willow bark and coarse sand were removed from the substrate material in example 3 to obtain a reference variable substrate, and a cultivation experiment was performed on the reference variable substrate:

experimental condition preparation:

preparing a culture medium: preparing the reference variable matrix of example 3 according to the matrix raw material and part ratio in example 3;

the cultivated species: rosewood;

and (3) seedling group number: set 4 replicate experiments on the reference variable substrate of example 3; 50 roses with the same growth health condition as in example 1 were cultivated in each group;

the cultivation seedling method comprises the following steps: cutting and cultivating for one month;

the cultivation conditions are as follows: the plastic greenhouse is operated according to DB 41/T1180-2015 China rose cutting seedling technical specification at the temperature of 18-25 ℃;

after cultivating for one month, digging out the Chinese rose roots without damaging the roots to cause the root systems to break, taking out the root systems, cleaning the substrate residues on the root systems, drying the treated root systems, and respectively weighing the weight of each dried root system;

referring to the statistical method in example 1, the dry weight of each root in each group is first measured one by one, the average dry weight of the root in a single group is calculated, and finally the total average value is obtained from the average dry weight of the root in the single group, and the result statistics are shown in table 2:

TABLE 2

As can be seen from Table 2, the dry weight averages of the single root systems of the four roses cultivated by using the reference variable substrate of example 2 are respectively: 249. 252, 250, 253, the overall average of the dry weights of the four groups of roots is: 251; thus, the mean dry weight of the roots of roses cultivated on the reference variable substrate is obviously lower than that of the roses cultivated on the substrate of the invention in the example 2, but higher than that of the roses cultivated on the coconut coir substrate in the example 2;

as can be seen from examples 2 and 3, the substrate of the present invention has a remarkable rooting promoting effect on horticultural crops, particularly roses, in which willow bark and grit are the main raw material factors for promoting rooting.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. A horticultural crop growth nutrient medium is characterized by mainly comprising the following components: wood fiber, crushed leaf material, bagasse, sugar cane bark, willow bark and coarse sand; the weight ratio of each raw material is as follows: 1-10% of wood fiber, 1-8% of crushed leaf, 61-95% of bagasse, 1-8% of sugarcane peel, 1-8% of willow bark and 1-10% of coarse sand;

the bagasse is used after fermentation; the willow bark is used after being decomposed and sterilized.

2. A horticultural crop growth nutrient medium as claimed in claim 1, which includes, in parts by weight: 5% of wood fiber, 5% of crushed leaf, 70% of bagasse, 6% of sugarcane peel, 8% of willow bark and 6% of coarse sand.

3. The nutrient medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wood fiber is selected from pine, willow and fir.

4. The horticultural crop growth nutrient medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the broken leaves are one or more of eucalyptus, ginkgo, elm, peach and cypress.

5. A horticultural crop growth nutrient medium as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the bagasse fermentation step is:

(1) squeezing fresh sugarcane to dry the juice, and taking the sugarcane bagasse for later use;

(2) crushing bagasse into particles with specified particle size by a crusher;

(3) removing impurities from bagasse particles, sieving the bagasse particles, and screening bagasse with excessively large or excessively small particle size;

(4) adding a decomposing agent into the sieved bagasse and uniformly stirring;

(5) stacking the sugarcane residues in a clean and dry place for stack retting fermentation;

(6) after fermenting for half a month, air drying to obtain the fermented bagasse.

6. The horticultural crop growth nutrient medium of claim 1, wherein the willow bark is decomposed and sterilized by:

(1) cleaning willow bark with clear water, cutting into granules, and boiling the granular willow bark to sterilize;

(2) soaking the boiled willow bark in clear water for 1-2 hours;

(3) fishing out the soaked willow bark, performing secondary disinfection treatment by using a proper amount of disinfectant, and airing in a ventilated environment;

(4) putting the willow bark which is ventilated and dried in the step (3) into a clean container, spraying a proper amount of water, keeping a comfortable and moist environment, sealing, and then putting into a baking room at 40 ℃ for fermentation;

(5) stirring and turning over are frequently carried out during the process of the step (4);

(6) after a large amount of hyphae appear, the willow bark is thoroughly decomposed.

7. A method of preparing a horticultural crop growth nutrient medium as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that:

(1) raw material detection: sorting and primary screening the raw materials; (2) desalting; (3) desugarizing; (4) deodorizing; (5) sterilizing; (6) screening; (7) carbonizing and forming holes; (8) controlling the water content ratio; (9) mixing; (10) detecting again; (11) and (7) briquetting.

8. A horticultural crop growth nutrient medium in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 6, which discloses use in the field of agricultural plantation and cultivation.