CN113039947A

CN113039947A - Salt-tolerant Euonymus persica twig cutting propagation method

Info

Publication number: CN113039947A
Application number: CN202110291484.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宁坤; 马艳; 周婷
Original assignee: Institute of Botany of CAS; Jinling Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Institute of Botany of CAS; Jinling Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2021-03-18
Filing date: 2021-03-18
Publication date: 2021-06-29

Abstract

The invention provides a method for carrying out cutting propagation on salt-tolerant Euonymus persicaria twigs, which mainly comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a cutting seedbed; 2) seed strip collection and treatment; 3) processing the cuttings; 4) cutting; 5) and (5) managing after the insertion. The invention has the advantages that: the salt-tolerant Euonymus japonicus twig cutting propagation method provided by the invention has the characteristics of short propagation period and high cutting survival rate, can effectively maintain excellent characters of plants, and the plants obtained by the method have strong root systems and good plant growth vigor, and the cutting rooting rate is as high as 92%.

Description

Salt-tolerant Euonymus persica twig cutting propagation method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cuttage breeding, and particularly relates to a salt-tolerant Euonymus persica twig cuttage propagation method.

Background

Euonymus persicifera (Euonymus bungeanus) is a small deciduous arbor tree species of Euonymus of Celastraceae, is native to northern China, widely distributed in China, from north to Heilongjiang, along the coast of the south Yangtze river, and also distributed in Wusuli areas of northeast Asia, south Siberian and Sedada koraiensis. The euonymus persica has few plant diseases and insect pests, is salt-alkali resistant, drought resistant and water-wet resistant, can survive under severe and extreme environmental conditions, has unique branch and crown characteristics, is green in spring and summer, and bright red in leaves and fruits in autumn, has higher ornamental value, and is valued considerably in urban landscaping.

The euonymus persicinus is generally propagated sexually by sowing, but has the outstanding problems that the character variation is large and the excellent character is difficult to stabilize. In addition, asexual propagation can also be carried out by using rooting cuttings or tissue culture, but the cutting shoot has limited reproductive capacity in the cutting process and low rooting rate; the plant tissue culture process needs to establish a complicated operation flow, the whole period is long, and the requirements on experimental conditions are strict. In practice, the propagation is carried out in a grafting mode, so that the grafting operation links are multiple and the technical requirement is high. Firstly, along with the current situation that the saline-alkali degree of the land is intensified, a salt-tolerant plant which can resist the salinity and can well survive is urgently needed to be found, and the salt-tolerant ornamental woody plants on the market are extremely rare. Aiming at the increase of the demands of the consumer market, a seedling raising method with short seedling raising period, high rooting rate and lower cost is urgently needed to meet the supply contradiction.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a salt-tolerant Euonymus persica twig cutting propagation method aiming at reducing the production cost, improving the rooting rate, shortening the seedling culture period and realizing obtaining excellent propagation materials with consistent and stable properties in batches in a short time.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses a salt-tolerant Euonymus persicaria twig cutting propagation method which is characterized by comprising the following steps: preparing a cutting seedbed; the second step is that: seed strip collection and treatment; the third step: processing the cuttings; the fourth step: cutting; the fifth step: and managing after the cutting, wherein in the third step, the cutting treatment is to cut the seed strips obtained in the second step into cutting materials, cut the cutting into a horseshoe-shaped oblique opening at the base part, have the length of about 10cm and the upper end flush, soak the cut cutting in a sucrose solution with the concentration of 5% for more than 24h for water absorption treatment, put the cutting into a carbendazim solution with the concentration of 2g/L for disinfection for 5-10min, and then soak the base part of the cutting in a vitamin B12 solution with 50-60 times of clear water for treatment for 5-8 min.

In the first step, turfy soil is selected as a cuttage matrix, the thickness of the matrix on a seedbed is paved to 10-15cm, and coarse linen is paved under the matrix to ensure good air permeability.

Preferably, 5g/L carbendazim solution is adopted to spray the substrate for disinfection, and the substrate is evenly turned over to ensure thorough disinfection.

In the second step, the current-year branches of the plants obtained in 9 months are collected and processed by seed strips, robust semi-lignified branches without diseases and insect pests are selected from the periphery of the upper end of the crown of the plants, full buds are attached to the branches, and the branches are moderate in age and tenderness.

Preferably, in the third step, after the water absorption and the treatment of the vitamin B12 solution, the base parts of the cuttings are respectively immersed into 250-1000 mg/L NAA solution, and the treatment time is 20-30 s.

The cutting in the fourth step is carried out by adopting a direct cutting method, the cutting depth is preferably 1/3-1/2 inserting matrix of the cutting, and two full buds are ensured on the exposed cutting part.

And after the cuttage is finished, spraying water, compacting the matrix around the cuttings, and controlling the plant-row spacing to be 4cm x 8 cm.

The covering film is moisturized within 2 weeks in the early stage of cuttage management, proper shading is given within 3 weeks, the relative humidity of air is controlled to be 70-80%, the temperature is maintained to be 25-28 ℃, and cuttage matrix is kept moist all the time within one month.

Preferably, 2g/L carbendazim solution is sprayed for 1 time at intervals of 5 days after cuttage for sterilization, the spraying time is selected from 7 to 8 points in the morning, water is sprayed after the spraying for 1 hour, and meanwhile browned and rotten cuttings in the cutting bed are timely cleaned to prevent breeding of plant diseases and insect pests.

After cuttage for one month, water is controlled, the roots only need to be shaded for 2 hours at noon after growing, and the roots are illuminated in the rest of time, so that the roots can grow in an autotrophic mode in the photosynthesis.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) the turfy soil is selected and laid on a seedbed for cuttage, meanwhile, the burlap is laid under the substrate, the air permeability and the moisture retention of the experimental environment are good, 5g/L of carbendazim solution is adopted to spray and disinfect the substrate before cuttage, the substrate is evenly turned over to ensure thorough disinfection, and the substrate which is in direct contact with the base part of the cutting slips is ensured to have no pathogenic bacteria pollution;

(2) the salt-tolerant euonymus persicae has strong salt tolerance and can resist 1% of salinity;

(3) the semi-lignified branch which grows robustly and has no plant diseases and insect pests on the crown at the upper end of the plant is selected in 9 months, the branch is full in development, the bud is full, the carbohydrate content is high, and the inhibiting substances are not completely generated, the cut cutting slips are further soaked in 5% of sucrose solution for 24 hours, the nutrient substances in the branch can be supplemented, the cutting rooting can be promoted, the base parts of the cutting slips are soaked in vitamin B12 solution added with 50 times of clear water, the vitamin B12 can play a role in sterilization and disinfection, the growth of plant root cells can be promoted, and meanwhile the antibacterial capacity of the plant can be enhanced.

(4) Moisturizing by covering a film in 2 weeks at the initial stage of cuttage, and appropriately shading so as to reduce transpiration of water and nutrients in the body; after cuttage for one month, properly controlling water, reducing the water, increasing the permeability of soil, stimulating rooting and enhancing the autotrophic capacity of the soil;

(5) the invention uses the salt-tolerant tender branches of euonymus persiciformis as the cutting material to obtain the high-efficiency and rapid propagation method. The whole scheme is simple and convenient to operate, the rooting survival rate is up to 92%, and the seedling culture period is short (seedling culture can be completed in 50 days).

Drawings

The foregoing and/or other advantages of the invention will become further apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 rooting after 30d of cutting with clear water (control);

FIG. 2250 mg/L NAA treated rooting after 30d of cuttage;

FIG. 3500 mg/L NAA treated the rooting after 30d cuttage;

FIG. 41000 mg/L NAA treated rooting after 30d cuttage;

FIG. 550 mg/L ABT rooting powder treated the rooting after 30d of cutting.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a salt-tolerant Euonymus persica twig cutting propagation method, which comprises the following specific scheme:

step one, preparing a cutting seedbed: and (3) selecting a seedbed in the greenhouse for cuttage, and taking turfy soil with good air permeability and moisture retention as a cuttage matrix. Before cutting, 5g/L carbendazim solution is adopted to spray and disinfect the substrate, the substrate is evenly turned to ensure thorough disinfection, the coarse linen is paved under the substrate to ensure good air permeability, and the thickness of the substrate on the seedbed is paved to 10-15 cm.

Secondly, seed strip collection and treatment: the method is characterized in that the seed strips are annual branches of plants obtained in 9 months, particularly, robust semi-lignified branches without diseases and insect pests growing on a crown at the periphery of the upper end of the plants are selected, the branches are moderate in age and tenderness, the thickness of the branches is 3-6 cm, and full buds grow on the branches in an attached mode.

Step three, cutting treatment: and cutting the strongly grown seed strips obtained in the second step into 45-degree oblique openings with the base parts shaped like a horseshoe, wherein the length of the cutting strips is about 10cm, the upper ends of the cutting strips are cut to be smooth and flush, preferably, the cut cutting strips are soaked in 5% sucrose solution for more than 24 hours to completely absorb enough water, then the cutting strips are placed into 2g/L carbendazim solution for disinfection for 10 minutes, and then the base parts of the cutting strips are soaked in vitamin B12 solution added with 50 times of clear water for 5 minutes.

Further preferably, after the above treatment, the base of the cutting was immersed in NAA solutions of 250mg/L, 500mg/L and 1000mg/L, ABT rooting powder (ABT-1) solution of 50g/L and clear water (control), respectively, for 30 seconds.

Fourthly, cutting: the method is carried out by adopting a direct cutting method, holes are inserted into the substrate by using chopsticks, the base part of the cutting slips is directly inserted, the cutting depth is preferably 1/3-1/2 of the cutting slips into the substrate, and the exposed cutting slips are ensured to have two plump buds. Spraying water thoroughly after cuttage is finished, compacting the matrix around the cuttings, and controlling the plant-row spacing to be 4cm x 8 cm. Each set of experiments was set up for 3 replicates, and 30 cuttings were cut per replicate.

Fifthly, managing after insertion: and (3) keeping the moisture of the covering film within 2 weeks in the initial stage of cuttage, appropriately shading within 3 weeks, controlling the relative humidity of air to be 70-80%, maintaining the temperature to be 25-28 ℃, and keeping the cuttage matrix moist all the time within one month. Preferably, 2g/L carbendazim solution is sprayed for 1 time every 5 days after cuttage for sterilization, the spraying time is selected to be 7 points in the morning, and water is sprayed after 1 hour. Browned and rotten cuttings in the cutting bed are cleaned in time to prevent the breeding of plant diseases and insect pests. Preferably, proper moisture control is started after one month of cuttage. After the root system grows out, the root system is shaded for 2 hours at noon, and the root system is illuminated in the rest time, so that the autotrophic growth of the root system in the photosynthesis is facilitated.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

Example 1

And (4) selecting a seedbed in the greenhouse for cuttage, and taking turfy soil as a cuttage matrix. Before cutting, 5g/L carbendazim solution is adopted to spray and disinfect the substrate, the substrate is evenly turned to ensure thorough disinfection, the linen is paved below the substrate to ensure good air permeability, and the thickness of the substrate on the seedbed is paved to 15 cm.

Taking the annual branches of the plants obtained in 9 months as plant materials, selecting robust semi-lignified branches which are free from diseases and insect pests and grow on the peripheral crown of the upper end of the plants during sampling, wherein the thickness of the branches is 3-6 cm, and full buds are attached to the branches.

Cutting the cutting into 45-degree inclined opening with the horseshoe-shaped base part, wherein the length of the cutting is about 10cm, and the upper end of the cutting is cut to be smooth and flush. Soaking the cut cuttings in 5% sucrose solution for more than 24h to completely absorb water, sterilizing in 2g/L carbendazim solution for 10min, and soaking the base of the cuttings in vitamin B12 solution containing 50 times of clear water for 5 min. Finally, the base of the cuttings was immersed in clear water (control) for a treatment time of 30 s.

The holes are inserted on the substrate by chopsticks, and the base of the cutting is directly inserted by a straight insertion method. The cutting depth is preferably 1/3-1/2 of the cutting strip, the matrix is inserted, and the exposed cutting strip part ensures that two plump buds are provided. Spraying water thoroughly after cuttage is finished, compacting the matrix around the cuttings, and controlling the plant-row spacing to be 4cm x 8 cm. Each set of experiments was set up for 3 replicates, and 30 cuttings were cut per replicate.

And (3) keeping the moisture of the covering film within 2 weeks in the initial stage of cuttage, appropriately shading within 3 weeks, controlling the relative humidity of air to be 70-80%, maintaining the temperature to be 25-28 ℃, and keeping the cuttage matrix moist all the time within one month. Spraying 2g/L carbendazim solution for 1 time every 5 days after cuttage for sterilization, wherein the spraying time is selected to be 7 points in the morning, and spraying water after 1 hour. Browned and rotten cuttings in the cutting bed are cleaned in time to prevent the breeding of plant diseases and insect pests. After one month of cuttage, proper water control is started. After the root system grows out, the root system is shaded for 2 hours at noon, and the root system is illuminated in the rest time, so that the autotrophic growth of the root system in the photosynthesis is facilitated.

Comparative example 1

Cutting the cutting into 45-degree inclined opening with the horseshoe-shaped base part, wherein the length of the cutting is about 10cm, and the upper end of the cutting is cut to be smooth and flush. Soaking the cut cuttings in 5% sucrose solution for more than 24h to completely absorb water, sterilizing in 2g/L carbendazim solution for 10min, and soaking the base of the cuttings in vitamin B12 solution containing 50 times of clear water for 5 min. Finally, the base of the cuttings was immersed in 250mg/L NAA solution for a treatment time of 30 s.

Comparative example 2

The procedure was the same as in comparative example 1, wherein the cuttings were treated with 500mg/L NAA solution for 30s during the hormone treatment.

Comparative example 3

The procedure was the same as in comparative example 1, wherein the cuttings were treated with 1000mg/L NAA solution for 30s during the hormone treatment.

Comparative example 4

The same procedure as in comparative example 1 was followed, wherein the cuttings were treated with 50mg/L ABT rooting powder solution for 30s during the hormone treatment.

The experimental results for the above examples 1 and 4 comparative examples are as follows:

compared with the comparative examples 1, 2, 3 and 4, the scheme provided by the application has the best effect under the condition of hormone treatment by adopting 1000mg/L NAA solution, and the final cuttage rooting rate is 91.81% when the treatment time is 30 s.

Peat soil is selected and laid on a seedbed for cuttage, meanwhile, burlap is laid under the substrate, soil nutrition, water content and permeability are guaranteed, and the cuttage rooting rate is greatly improved.

Before cutting, 5g/L carbendazim solution is adopted to spray and disinfect the substrate, the substrate is evenly turned over to ensure thorough disinfection, and the substrate which is directly contacted with the base part of the cutting is ensured to have no pathogenic bacteria pollution.

The salt-tolerant euonymus persicinus is a special species for breeding in the subject group, has strong salt tolerance and can resist 1% of salinity.

Selecting 9-month salt-tolerant young peach-leaf euonymus japonicus which grows vigorously on the twig positioned on the periphery of the upper part of the crown in the current year, wherein the twig grows fully, the bud is full, the carbohydrate content is high, and the inhibiting substances are not completely generated.

And the cut cuttings are soaked in a 5% sucrose solution for 24 hours, so that the nutrient substances in the branches can be supplemented, and the cutting rooting is facilitated.

The base of the cutting is soaked in vitamin B12 solution with 50 times of clear water for soaking treatment, so that vitamin B12 has the effects of sterilization and disinfection, can promote the growth of plant root cells, and can enhance the antibacterial capability of plants.

In the early stage of cuttage, the covering film is moisturized within 2 weeks, and proper shading is carried out within 3 weeks so as to reduce transpiration of water and nutrients in the body; after the cuttage is carried out for one month, the water is properly controlled, the water is reduced, the permeability of the soil is increased, and the rooting is stimulated to enhance the autotrophic ability.

The invention uses the salt-tolerant tender branches of euonymus persiciformis as the cutting material to obtain the high-efficiency and rapid propagation method. The whole scheme is simple and convenient to operate, the rooting survival rate is up to 92%, and the seedling culture period is short (seedling culture can be completed in 50 days).

The invention provides a method and a thought for a method for the shoot cutting propagation of a salt-tolerant Euonymus persica, and a method and a way for realizing the technical scheme are many, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it should be noted that for a person skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the invention, and the improvements and decorations are also regarded as the protection scope of the invention. All the components not specified in the present embodiment can be realized by the prior art.

Claims

1. A salt-tolerant Euonymus persicaria twig cutting propagation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the first step is as follows: preparing a cutting seedbed; the second step is that: seed strip collection and treatment; the third step: processing the cuttings; the fourth step: cutting; the fifth step: and managing after the cutting, wherein in the third step, the cutting treatment is to cut the seed strips obtained in the second step into cutting materials, cut the cutting into a horseshoe-shaped oblique opening at the base part, have the length of about 10cm and the upper end flush, soak the cut cutting in a sucrose solution with the concentration of 5% for more than 24h for water absorption treatment, put the cutting into a carbendazim solution with the concentration of 2g/L for disinfection for 5-10min, and then soak the base part of the cutting in a vitamin B12 solution with 50-60 times of clear water for treatment for 5-8 min.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, turfy soil is selected as a cutting medium, the thickness of the medium on the seedbed is 10-15cm, and a piece of burlap is laid under the medium.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the substrate is spray sterilized with 5g/L carbendazim solution.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the current year shoots of the plant obtained in 9 months are harvested and treated with seed shoots, robust and pest free semi-lignified shoots are selected from the periphery of the upper end of the crown of the plant, and the shoots are attached with full sprouts.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, after the treatment with the water-absorbing and vitamin B12 solutions, the base of the cutting is immersed in NAA solutions of 250-1000 mg/L for 20-30 s.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cutting in the fourth step is carried out by direct cutting, preferably at a depth of 1/3 to 1/2 insertions into the substrate of the cutting, the exposed part of the cutting ensuring two filled shoots.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein after the cutting is finished, water is sprayed, the matrix around the cutting is compacted, and the plant-row spacing is controlled to be 4cm x 8 cm.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mulching film is moisturized within 2 weeks in the early stage of the cutting management, proper shading is given within 3 weeks, the relative humidity of air is controlled to be 70-80%, the temperature is maintained to be 25-28 ℃, and the cutting medium is kept moist all the time within one month.

9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein 2g/L carbendazim solution is sprayed for sterilization every 5d after cuttage, the spraying time is selected from 7 to 8 points in the morning, water is sprayed after spraying for 1 hour, and browned and rotten cuttings in a cutting bed are cleaned in time to prevent breeding of plant diseases and insect pests.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the water control is started after one month of cutting, and after the root system grows out, the root system is shaded for 2h at noon, and the rest of the time is illuminated.