CN113013636A - Stepped broadband radar wave-absorbing structure based on composite material - Google Patents
Stepped broadband radar wave-absorbing structure based on composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN113013636A CN113013636A CN202110213780.8A CN202110213780A CN113013636A CN 113013636 A CN113013636 A CN 113013636A CN 202110213780 A CN202110213780 A CN 202110213780A CN 113013636 A CN113013636 A CN 113013636A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
- H01Q17/008—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems with a particular shape
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic materials, and particularly relates to a stepped broadband radar wave-absorbing structure based on a composite material, wherein the stepped broadband wave-absorbing periodic structure is formed by closely arranging the same unit structures in a n multiplied by m matrix mode, wherein n is more than or equal to 4, and m is more than or equal to 4; each unit structure is a stepped structure consisting of a square substrate and a cylindrical wave absorber superposed on the square substrate; the cylindrical wave absorber is arranged on the square substrate in a manner that the circle center of the cylindrical wave absorber is overlapped with the center of the square substrate, and the diameter of the cylindrical wave absorber is smaller than the side length of the square substrate. The invention realizes the large absorption effect below-10 dB on incident electromagnetic waves in the broadband range of 6-18 GHz. The total thickness of the main structure is as low as 2 mm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic materials, and particularly relates to a stepped broadband radar wave-absorbing structure based on a composite material.
Background
With the rapid development of modern electronic countermeasures and the continuous improvement of anti-stealth technology, higher and higher requirements are put forward on the research of stealth materials and stealth technology. The research on various wave-absorbing materials and wave-absorbing structures has been deeply and widely carried out. Meanwhile, along with the expansion of the working frequency bands of various electromagnetic devices, the demand of people on broadband wave-absorbing materials is more and more urgent.
Among the broadband absorbing materials, the multilayer dielectric absorbing material is particularly representative, and is favored by manufacturers and users due to advantages of wide frequency band, light weight, simple process, mass production and the like. The light broadband wave-absorbing structure commonly used at present comprises: jaumann wave absorbers, geometric gradient wave absorbers, foam wave absorbers, honeycomb wave absorbing structures and the like; however, these absorbers have a common disadvantage: the structure thickness is increased rapidly due to the good broadband absorption effect, and the overall thickness of the broadband wave-absorbing structure is 20-30 mm. The single-layer wave absorbing structure designed according to the Salisbury Screen wave absorber, the circuit simulation wave absorber and the like realizes the reduction of the thickness, but the structure has single resonance frequency point, can generate the phenomenon of total reflection when the whole thickness of the structure is equal to half of the working wavelength, and is not beneficial to the realization of broadband wave absorption. Therefore, on the premise of not changing the material and the structure thickness, how to widen the wave-absorbing frequency band of the radar wave absorber becomes a problem to be solved urgently in the technical field of the current electromagnetic wave absorption.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the broadband wave absorbing structure aims to solve the problem that the broadband wave absorbing effect in the range of 6-18GHz cannot meet the application requirement after the structure thickness of the existing wave absorbing structure is reduced; the invention provides a stepped broadband radar wave-absorbing structure based on a composite material, which realizes a large absorption effect of less than-10 dB on incident electromagnetic waves in a broadband range of 6-18 GHz. The total thickness of the main structure is as low as 2 mm.
The invention provides a stepped broadband radar wave-absorbing structure based on a composite material, which comprises the following steps: the broadband wave-absorbing structure comprises a metal back plate and a stepped broadband wave-absorbing periodic structure arranged on the metal back plate;
the stepped broadband wave-absorbing periodic structure is formed by closely arranging the same unit structures in a n multiplied by m matrix mode, wherein n is more than or equal to 4, and m is more than or equal to 4; each unit structure is a stepped structure consisting of a square substrate and a cylindrical wave absorber superposed on the square substrate; the circle center of the square substrate is overlapped with the center of the square substrate and is arranged on the square substrate, and the diameter of the square substrate is smaller than the side length of the square substrate; each unit structure is made of composite magnetic material, the electromagnetic parameters of the composite magnetic material have frequency dispersion characteristics, the real part range of the relative dielectric constant is more than or equal to 20.96 and less than or equal to epsilon '. less than or equal to 27.34, and the imaginary part range is more than or equal to 0.67 and less than or equal to epsilon'. and less than or equal to 6.74; the real part range of the relative magnetic permeability is more than or equal to 2.46 and less than or equal to mu' and less than or equal to 5.85, and the imaginary part range is more than or equal to 1.26 and less than or equal to mu and less than or equal to 2.82.
Preferably, the height of the cylindrical wave absorber is greater than the thickness of the square substrate.
Preferably, the parameters of the unit structure are as follows: the total thickness of the unit structure is 2mm, wherein the thickness d0 of the square substrate is 0.1 mm-0.5 mm, and the height d1 of the cylindrical wave absorber is 1 mm-1.5 mm; the diameter of the cylindrical wave absorber is 0.1 mm-0.6 mm smaller than the side length of the square substrate.
The stepped broadband radar wave-absorbing structure provided by the invention is based on electromagnetic efficiency, and a unit structure is designed along the vertical direction (the thickness of the wave-absorbing structure). When the incident electromagnetic wave passes through the area of the square substrate which is not covered by the cylindrical wave absorber in the transmission process, the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave is changed, so that the electromagnetic wave enters the unit structure from different angles. Based on the standing wave resonant cavity model, in the transmission process that diffracted electromagnetic waves enter the interior of the unit structure, the directions of the transmission electric field vectors of the electromagnetic waves are opposite, and the directions of the wave vectors are opposite, so that standing wave generation conditions are met. In the invention, the coupling among the unit structures and the diffraction superposition realized after the adopted square substrate is combined with the cylindrical wave absorber increase the absorption bandwidth and the absorption peak value, thereby realizing the wide-band large absorption.
In conclusion, the wave absorbing structure disclosed by the invention realizes a large absorption effect of less than-10 dB on incident electromagnetic waves in a broadband range of 6-18GHz, and the total thickness of the main body structure is as low as 2 mm. Compared with the prior art, the invention not only improves the absorption performance of the composite material, but also has simple structure and easy processing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of electromagnetic parameters of a magnetic composite layer used in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a simulation junction at 6-18GHz vertical incidence with a thickness of 2mm when the composite magnetic material adopted in the embodiment of the invention is not made into the wave-absorbing structure of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of the wave-absorbing structure of example 1 at 6-18GHz vertical incidence;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of the wave-absorbing structure of example 2 at 6-18GHz vertical incidence;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of simulation results of the wave-absorbing structure of example 3 at 6-18GHz vertical incidence.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is detailed below by combining the accompanying drawings and the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, the broadband wave-absorbing structure comprises a metal back plate and a stepped broadband wave-absorbing periodic structure arranged on the metal back plate. The stepped broadband wave-absorbing periodic structure is formed by closely arranging the same unit structures in a n multiplied by m matrix mode; as shown in fig. 2, each unit structure is a stepped structure composed of a square substrate and a cylindrical absorber superimposed on the square substrate. The cylindrical wave absorber is arranged on the square substrate in a manner that the circle center of the cylindrical wave absorber is overlapped with the center of the square substrate, and the diameter of the cylindrical wave absorber is smaller than the side length of the square substrate. Each unit structure is made of a composite magnetic material, the real part range of the relative dielectric constant of the electromagnetic parameters (with dispersion characteristics, as shown in figure 3) of the composite magnetic material is more than or equal to 20.96 and less than or equal to epsilon '. less than or equal to 27.34, and the imaginary part range of the electromagnetic parameters is more than or equal to 0.67 and less than or equal to epsilon'. less than or equal to 6.74; the real part range of the relative magnetic permeability is more than or equal to 2.46 and less than or equal to mu' and less than or equal to 5.85, and the imaginary part range is more than or equal to 1.26 and less than or equal to mu and less than or equal to 2.82.
In the embodiment of the invention, the square substrate and the cylindrical wave absorber are both made of micron-sized spherical carbonyl iron particles-epoxy resin magnetic composite materials. According to the theory of electromagnetic wave diffraction, the electromagnetic wave can be diffracted only when meeting obstacles and deviating from the original straight line in the transmission process. In order to obtain the optimal absorption effect, the invention mainly optimizes the unit structure. Specifically, the diameter 2R of the cylindrical wave absorber is smaller than the side length a of the square substrate, the height d1 of the cylindrical wave absorber is larger than the thickness d0 of the square substrate, when electromagnetic waves enter the edge of the cylindrical wave absorber, diffraction occurs under the influence of the area of the square substrate which is not covered by the cylindrical wave absorber, and the propagation direction of the electromagnetic waves is changed. In terms of shape, the combination mode of the specific square substrate and the cylindrical wave absorber can change the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave in all directions, so that the diffraction intensity reaches the highest. In addition, the weight of the whole wave absorbing structure can be reduced by adopting the cylinder as the wave absorbing body, so that the wave absorbing structure is convenient to process.
Reference will now be made to the examples. In the following examples, wherein a0 is the sheet metal edge length dimension; a is the side length of the square substrate; r refers to the radius of the cylindrical wave absorber; d0 is the thickness of the square substrate, d1 is the thickness of the cylindrical absorber.
Example 1
A stepped broadband periodic wave-absorbing structure based on composite materials has the following specific dimensional parameters (unit mm):
a0＝2，a＝2，r＝0.9，d0＝0.5，d1＝1.5，
in the case where the TE wave or TM wave is vertically incident, as shown in fig. 5. The stepped broadband periodic wave-absorbing structure provided by the embodiment 1 has a reflection coefficient below at least-10 dB in a full frequency band of 6-18GHz, and an absorption peak value can reach-19 dB. Compared with the simulation result of fig. 4, the wave-absorbing effect of the embodiment is obviously enhanced.
Example 2
A stepped broadband periodic wave-absorbing structure based on composite materials has the following specific dimensional parameters (unit mm):
a0＝2，a＝2，r＝0.8，d0＝0.3，d1＝1.7
in the case where the TE wave or TM wave is vertically incident, as shown in fig. 6. The stepped broadband periodic wave-absorbing structure provided in embodiment 2 has a reflection coefficient of at least-5 dB below in a full frequency band of 6-18GHz, wherein the reflection coefficient of-10 dB below in a frequency band of 9-18 GHz, and an absorption peak value can reach-24 dB. Compared with the simulation result of fig. 4, the wave-absorbing effect of the embodiment is obviously enhanced.
Example 3
A stepped broadband periodic wave-absorbing structure based on composite materials has the following specific dimensional parameters (unit mm):
a0＝2，a＝2，r＝0.9，d0＝0.1，d0＝1.9
in the case where the TE wave or the TM wave is vertically incident, as shown in fig. 7. The stepped broadband periodic wave-absorbing structure provided in embodiment 2 has a reflection coefficient of at least-5 dB below in a full frequency band of 6 to 18GHz, wherein the reflection coefficient of-10 dB below is in a frequency band of 7.3 to 18GHz, and an absorption peak value can reach-32 dB. Compared with the simulation result of fig. 4, the wave-absorbing effect of the embodiment is obviously enhanced.
From the above embodiment, compared with the wave-absorbing structure in the prior art, the stepped broadband periodic wave-absorbing structure provided by the invention has a thinner thickness, and the total thickness of the unit structure is as low as 2 mm; through the implementation of the size change of the unit structure in the vertical direction, the wave absorber structure can realize the large absorption effect of a full band of 6-18GHz below-10 dB when electromagnetic waves are vertically incident, and has potential application values in the fields of electromagnetic wave absorption, radar stealth and the like.
It is necessary to note here that the above examples are only intended to illustrate the invention further, in order to facilitate a better understanding of the invention by a person skilled in the art. In the above description, the large absorption effect means that the electromagnetic wave absorption rate is 90% or more. While the invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a cascaded broadband radar absorbing structure based on combined material, includes metal backboard and sets up the cascaded broadband wave-absorbing periodic structure on metal backboard, its characterized in that:
the stepped broadband wave-absorbing periodic structure is formed by closely arranging the same unit structures in a n multiplied by m matrix mode, wherein n is more than or equal to 4, and m is more than or equal to 4; each unit structure is a stepped structure consisting of a square substrate and a cylindrical wave absorber superposed on the square substrate; the cylindrical wave absorber is arranged on the square substrate in a manner that the circle center of the cylindrical wave absorber is overlapped with the center of the square substrate, and the diameter of the cylindrical wave absorber is smaller than the side length of the square substrate; each unit structure is made of composite magnetic material, the real part range of the relative dielectric constant of the composite magnetic material is more than or equal to 20.96 and less than or equal to epsilon '. less than or equal to 27.34, and the imaginary part range of the composite magnetic material is more than or equal to 0.67 and less than or equal to epsilon'. and less than or equal to 6.74; the real part range of the relative magnetic permeability is more than or equal to 2.46 and less than or equal to mu' and less than or equal to 5.85, and the imaginary part range is more than or equal to 1.26 and less than or equal to mu and less than or equal to 2.82.
2. The composite-based stepped broadband radar absorbing structure of claim 1, wherein: the height of the cylindrical wave absorber is larger than the thickness of the square substrate.
3. The composite-based stepped broadband radar absorbing structure of claim 1, wherein: the parameters of the stepped broadband wave-absorbing unit structure are as follows: the total thickness of the stepped broadband wave-absorbing unit structure is 2mm, wherein the thickness d0 of the square substrate is 0.1 mm-0.5 mm, and the height d1 of the cylindrical wave-absorbing body is 1 mm-1.5 mm; the diameter of the cylindrical wave absorber is 0.1 mm-0.6 mm smaller than the side length of the square substrate.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113394571A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-09-14 | 合肥工业大学 | Interdigital stepped resonance structure and wave absorber of low-frequency electromagnetic wave |
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| CN113394571A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-09-14 | 合肥工业大学 | Interdigital stepped resonance structure and wave absorber of low-frequency electromagnetic wave |
| CN113394571B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2022-06-10 | 合肥工业大学 | Interdigital stepped resonance structure and wave absorber of low-frequency electromagnetic wave |
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