CN112999821A - Safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen and oxygen mixed gas separation equipment and separation method - Google Patents
Safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen and oxygen mixed gas separation equipment and separation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112999821A CN112999821A CN202110341570.7A CN202110341570A CN112999821A CN 112999821 A CN112999821 A CN 112999821A CN 202110341570 A CN202110341570 A CN 202110341570A CN 112999821 A CN112999821 A CN 112999821A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
- C01B13/0248—Physical processing only
- C01B13/0259—Physical processing only by adsorption on solids
- C01B13/0262—Physical processing only by adsorption on solids characterised by the adsorbent
- C01B13/0274—Other molecular sieve materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/04—Purification or separation of nitrogen
- C01B21/0405—Purification or separation processes
- C01B21/0433—Physical processing only
- C01B21/045—Physical processing only by adsorption in solids
- C01B21/0455—Physical processing only by adsorption in solids characterised by the adsorbent
- C01B21/0472—Other molecular sieve materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0001—Separation or purification processing
- C01B2210/0009—Physical processing
- C01B2210/0014—Physical processing by adsorption in solids
- C01B2210/0015—Physical processing by adsorption in solids characterised by the adsorbent
- C01B2210/002—Other molecular sieve materials
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Abstract
The invention relates to a safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas separation device and a separation method, belonging to the field of new energy. The equipment main body is a closed container with a constant volume, the temperature in the main body is constant at minus 45 ℃ to minus 35 ℃, and the pressure is 4 Pa to 5 Pa; the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas inlet and the nitrogen inlet are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle part of the main body, the hydrogen outlet is arranged on the upper part of the main body, the oxygen outlet is arranged on the lower part of the main body, the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas inlet and the nitrogen inlet are respectively provided with an air inlet valve, and the hydrogen outlet and the oxygen outlet are respectively provided with an air outlet valve; a first sealed piston and a second sealed piston are arranged in the main body and move up and down along the inner wall of the main body under the action of air pressure. The method is safe, energy-saving and pollution-free.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to the field of separation of various mixed gases, and particularly relates to a safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas separation device and a separation method.
Background
The traditional hydrogen separation method mainly comprises the following steps: low temperature condensation, pressure swing adsorption, metal hydride, catalytic deoxidation, etc.
Low temperature cold suspected method: based on the principle that the difference between the boiling points of hydrogen and other gases is large, all high-boiling components except hydrogen are condensed into liquid at the operation temperature, and the method is suitable for recovering hydrogen from raw material gas with the hydrogen content of 30-80%. The purity of hydrogen production is 90-98%. The greatest disadvantage of the condensation method is the energy consumption, the standard boiling point of hydrogen is-256.75 ℃, the oxygen is-118.57 ℃, the energy consumption required for reaching such temperature is very large and the safety degree is very low.
Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA): based on physical adsorption of the internal surface of a specific adsorbent (porous solid substance) to gas molecules, by utilizing the characteristics that the adsorbent is easy to adsorb high-boiling-point components and difficult to adsorb low-boiling-point components under the same pressure, the adsorption capacity under high pressure is increased and the adsorption capacity under low pressure is reduced, raw material gas passes through an adsorption bed under certain pressure, high-boiling-point impurity components relative to hydrogen are selectively adsorbed, and low-boiling-point hydrogen is difficult to adsorb and passes through the adsorption bed to separate the hydrogen from the impurity components.
Metal hydride method: the selectivity of hydrogen storage alloy to hydrogen is utilized to generate metal hydride, and other impurities in the hydrogen are concentrated outside the hydride and are discharged along with the waste gas. The metal hydride separates to release hydrogen. Therefore, the method for purifying the hydrogen has high pollution and does not meet the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection.
A catalytic deoxidation method: the method is characterized in that palladium or platinum is used as a catalyst, water is generated by the reaction of oxygen and hydrogen, and the water is dried and dehydrated by a molecular sieve, so that the method is particularly suitable for deoxidation and purification of electrolytic hydrogen, and can prepare high-purity hydrogen.
In summary, the conventional hydrogen production method has many problems, and a safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen and oxygen mixed gas separation method is urgently needed to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas separation equipment and a separation method, which solve the problems of the existing hydrogen low-temperature separation technology. The invention adopts a mode of adding nitrogen to carry out high-purity hydrogen extraction under the conditions of high pressure and low temperature, and can achieve the purposes of safety, energy conservation and pollution-free purification.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas separation equipment comprises a main body 1, a gas separation device and a gas separation device, wherein the main body 1 is a closed container with a constant volume, the temperature in the main body 1 is constant within-45 ℃ to-35 ℃, and the pressure is 4-5 Pa; the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas inlet 2 and the nitrogen inlet 3 are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle part of the main body 1, the hydrogen outlet 4 is arranged on the upper part of the main body 1, the oxygen outlet 5 is arranged on the lower part of the main body, the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas inlet 2 and the nitrogen inlet 3 are provided with air inlet valves, and the hydrogen outlet 4 and the oxygen outlet 5 are respectively provided with air outlet valves; a first piston 6 and a second piston 7 which are sealed are arranged inside the main body 1, and the first piston 6 and the second piston 7 move up and down along the inner wall of the main body 1 under the action of air pressure.
And a hydrogen molecular screen is arranged in the air outlet valve of the hydrogen outlet 4.
And an oxygen molecular screen is arranged in the air outlet valve of the oxygen outlet 5.
The invention also aims to provide a safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas separation method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing hydrogen and oxygen mixed gas separation equipment;
step two, injecting 1/5 volume of nitrogen into the main body 1 through the nitrogen inlet 3, and keeping the pressure and temperature in the main body 1 unchanged;
step three, injecting the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen into the main body 1 through the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas inlet 2 in a pressurized manner, continuously keeping the pressure and the temperature unchanged, increasing the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen, moving the piston I6 upwards to a position between the hydrogen outlet 4 and the top end of the main body 1, moving the piston II 7 downwards to a position between the oxygen outlet 5 and the bottom of the main body 1, layering the hydrogen, the oxygen and the nitrogen, wherein the separated hydrogen is arranged on the uppermost layer, the separated oxygen is arranged on the lowermost layer, and the nitrogen is arranged in the middle layer; the separated hydrogen is discharged through a hydrogen outlet 4, and the concentration is more than 95%; the separated oxygen is discharged through the oxygen outlet 5.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method is safe, and due to the addition of nitrogen, the mixture of hydrogen and oxygen in the method cannot explode due to unsafe factors such as expansion, sudden volume increase, static electricity and the like, and the mixed gas can generate ammonia (NH 3).
2. Low energy consumption, and compared with the traditional low-temperature separation method, the energy consumption for keeping the temperature at minus 40 ℃ is very low.
3. The method is pollution-free, and different from a metal hydride method, reactants such as heavy metal and the like are not used in the production process, and pollution gas is not generated.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a hydrogen-oxygen mixture gas separation apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method for separating a hydrogen-oxygen mixture gas according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a main body; 2. a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas inlet; 3. a nitrogen inlet; 4. a hydrogen outlet; 5. an oxygen outlet; 6. a first piston; 7. and a second piston.
Detailed Description
The details of the present invention and its embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas separation device and method can purify the hydrogen from the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen, add a certain proportion of nitrogen into the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen, and separate the hydrogen by changing the temperature under a certain atmospheric pressure.
Referring to fig. 1, the safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas separation equipment comprises a main body 1, an oxygen-hydrogen mixed gas inlet 2, a nitrogen inlet 3, a hydrogen outlet 4, an oxygen outlet 5, a piston I6 and a piston II 7, wherein the main body 1 is a closed container with a constant volume, the temperature in the main body 1 is constant within-45 ℃ to-35 ℃, and the pressure is 4-5 Pa standard atmospheric pressure; the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas inlet 2 and the nitrogen inlet 3 are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle part of the main body 1, the hydrogen outlet 4 is arranged on the upper part of the main body 1, the oxygen outlet 5 is arranged on the lower part of the main body, the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas inlet 2 and the nitrogen inlet 3 are provided with air inlet valves, and the hydrogen outlet 4 and the oxygen outlet 5 are respectively provided with air outlet valves; a first piston 6 and a second piston 7 which are sealed and airtight are arranged inside the main body 1, and the first piston 6 and the second piston 7 move up and down along the inner wall of the main body 1 under the action of air pressure.
And a hydrogen molecular sieve is arranged in the gas outlet valve of the hydrogen outlet 4, and the hydrogen molecular sieve only allows hydrogen to pass through.
And an oxygen molecular sieve is arranged in an air outlet valve of the oxygen outlet 5 and can allow oxygen and nitrogen to be discharged.
Referring to fig. 2, the safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas separation method of the invention comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing hydrogen and oxygen mixed gas separation equipment;
step two, injecting nitrogen with the volume of 1/5 proportion into the main body 1 through the nitrogen inlet 3 in a pressurizing way, and keeping the pressure and the temperature in the main body 1 unchanged;
step three, injecting the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen into the main body 1 through the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas inlet 2 in a pressurized manner, continuously keeping the pressure and the temperature unchanged, increasing the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen, moving the piston I6 upwards to a position between the hydrogen outlet 4 and the top end of the main body 1, moving the piston II 7 downwards to a position between the oxygen outlet 5 and the bottom of the main body 1, layering the hydrogen, the oxygen and the nitrogen, wherein the separated hydrogen is arranged on the uppermost layer, the separated oxygen is arranged on the lowermost layer, and the nitrogen is arranged in the middle layer; the separated hydrogen is discharged through a hydrogen outlet 4, and the concentration is more than 95%; the separated oxygen is discharged through the oxygen outlet 5.
Example (b):
preparing a sealed steel cylindrical container with the height of 1.2 m and the radius of a cylindrical surface of 0.2 m, wherein an oxyhydrogen mixed gas inlet 2 and a nitrogen inlet 3 are respectively arranged at two sides of the middle part, a hydrogen outlet 4 is arranged at the upper part, an oxygen outlet 5 is arranged at the lower part, an air inlet valve is arranged at the oxyhydrogen mixed gas inlet 2 and the nitrogen inlet 3, and an air outlet valve is respectively arranged at the hydrogen outlet 4 and the oxygen outlet 5; a first piston 6 and a second piston 7 which are sealed and airtight are arranged in the container, and the first piston 6 and the second piston 7 move up and down along the inner wall of the main body 1 under the action of air pressure. Nitrogen was added through nitrogen inlet 3, maintaining 5Pa atmosphere, -40 ℃. After the completion, inject hydrogen, oxygen mist into the container, keep atmospheric pressure unchangeable, but can promote piston one, piston two and reciprocate, under this temperature and pressure, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen carry out the layering, the superiors are hydrogen, the lower floor is oxygen, the intermediate level is nitrogen gas, along with the removal of piston, hydrogen discharges through the hydrogen export, oxygen discharges through the oxygen export, hydrogen molecular sieve only allows hydrogen to pass through, the oxygen molecular sieve of oxygen export can allow oxygen and nitrogen gas to discharge, just so accomplished the extraction of hydrogen.
The above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a safe energy-conserving pollution-free hydrogen, oxygen mixed gas splitter which characterized in that: the main body (1) is a closed container with a constant volume, the temperature in the main body (1) is constant at minus 45 ℃ to minus 35 ℃, and the pressure is 4 Pa to 5 Pa; the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas inlet (2) and the nitrogen inlet (3) are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle of the main body (1), the hydrogen outlet (4) is arranged on the upper portion of the main body (1), the oxygen outlet (5) is arranged on the lower portion of the main body, the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas inlet (2) and the nitrogen inlet (3) are respectively provided with an air inlet valve, and the hydrogen outlet (4) and the oxygen outlet (5) are respectively provided with an air outlet valve; a first piston (6) and a second piston (7) are sealed in the main body (1), and the first piston (6) and the second piston (7) move up and down along the inner wall of the main body (1) under the action of air pressure.
2. The safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a hydrogen molecular screen is arranged in the air outlet valve of the hydrogen outlet (4).
3. The safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: an oxygen molecular screen is arranged in an air outlet valve of the oxygen outlet (5).
4. A safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas separation method using the safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas separation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing hydrogen and oxygen mixed gas separation equipment;
step two, injecting 1/5 volume of nitrogen into the main body (1) through the nitrogen inlet (3) in a pressurizing way, and keeping the pressure and the temperature in the main body (1) unchanged;
step three, injecting the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen into the main body (1) through the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas inlet (2) in a pressurizing manner, continuously keeping the pressure and the temperature unchanged, increasing the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen, moving the piston I (6) upwards to a position between the hydrogen outlet (4) and the top end of the main body (1), moving the piston II (7) downwards to a position between the oxygen outlet (5) and the bottom of the main body (1), layering the hydrogen, the oxygen and the nitrogen, wherein the uppermost layer is the separated hydrogen, the lowermost layer is the separated oxygen, and the intermediate layer is the nitrogen; the separated hydrogen is discharged through a hydrogen outlet (4), and the concentration is more than 95%; the separated oxygen is discharged through an oxygen outlet (5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110341570.7A CN112999821A (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen and oxygen mixed gas separation equipment and separation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110341570.7A CN112999821A (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen and oxygen mixed gas separation equipment and separation method |
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| CN202110341570.7A Pending CN112999821A (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | Safe, energy-saving and pollution-free hydrogen and oxygen mixed gas separation equipment and separation method |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1291909A (en) * | 1998-02-27 | 2001-04-18 | 普拉塞尔技术有限公司 | Rate-enhanced gas separation |
| CN101484861A (en) * | 2006-05-05 | 2009-07-15 | 普拉斯科能源Ip控股公司毕尔巴鄂-沙夫豪森分公司 | A gas homogenization system |
| CN212610454U (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-02-26 | 汪文静 | Biomass vaporization and collection device |
-
2021
- 2021-03-30 CN CN202110341570.7A patent/CN112999821A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1291909A (en) * | 1998-02-27 | 2001-04-18 | 普拉塞尔技术有限公司 | Rate-enhanced gas separation |
| CN101484861A (en) * | 2006-05-05 | 2009-07-15 | 普拉斯科能源Ip控股公司毕尔巴鄂-沙夫豪森分公司 | A gas homogenization system |
| CN212610454U (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-02-26 | 汪文静 | Biomass vaporization and collection device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 化学工业出版社: "《化工百科全书 第4卷》", 30 September 1993 * |
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Application publication date: 20210622 |